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Article: Editorial: Novel insights connecting telomere biology to cancer development and progression.

Khattar, Ekta / Salvati, Erica

2024 Volume 14, Page(s) 1405618

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2649216-7
ISSN	2234-943X
ISSN	2234-943X
DOI	10.3389/fonc.2024.1405618
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Telomere Targeting Approaches in Cancer: Beyond Length Maintenance.

Vertecchi, Eleonora / Rizzo, Angela / Salvati, Erica

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 7

Abstract: Telomeres are crucial structures that preserve genome stability. Their progressive erosion over numerous DNA duplications determines the senescence of cells and organisms. As telomere length homeostasis is critical for cancer development, nowadays, ... ...

Abstract	Telomeres are crucial structures that preserve genome stability. Their progressive erosion over numerous DNA duplications determines the senescence of cells and organisms. As telomere length homeostasis is critical for cancer development, nowadays, telomere maintenance mechanisms are established targets in cancer treatment. Besides telomere elongation, telomere dysfunction impinges on intracellular signaling pathways, in particular DNA damage signaling and repair, affecting cancer cell survival and proliferation. This review summarizes and discusses recent findings in anticancer drug development targeting different "telosome" components.
MeSH term(s)	Cellular Senescence ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA Damage ; Humans ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Telomerase/genetics ; Telomerase/metabolism ; Telomere/genetics ; Telomere/metabolism ; Telomere Homeostasis
Chemical Substances	DNA (9007-49-2) ; Telomerase (EC 2.7.7.49)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms23073784
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Article: Editorial: RNA recognition landscapes and anticancer drug targeting.

Salvati, Erica / Lewinska, Anna / Dassi, Erik / Wnuk, Maciej / D'Agostino, Vito G

Frontiers in oncology

2023 Volume 13, Page(s) 1222883

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2649216-7
ISSN	2234-943X
ISSN	2234-943X
DOI	10.3389/fonc.2023.1222883
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Article ; Online: PARP1 allows proper telomere replication through TRF1 poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation and helicase recruitment.

Maresca, C / Dello Stritto, A / D'Angelo, C / Petti, E / Rizzo, A / Vertecchi, E / Berardinelli, F / Bonanni, L / Sgura, A / Antoccia, A / Graziani, G / Biroccio, A / Salvati, E

Communications biology

2023 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 234

Abstract: Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures at eukaryotic chromosome termini. Their stability is preserved by a six-protein complex named shelterin. Among these, TRF1 binds telomere duplex and assists DNA replication with mechanisms only partly clarified. ... ...

Abstract	Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures at eukaryotic chromosome termini. Their stability is preserved by a six-protein complex named shelterin. Among these, TRF1 binds telomere duplex and assists DNA replication with mechanisms only partly clarified. Here we found that poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) interacts and covalently PARylates TRF1 in S-phase modifying its DNA affinity. Therefore, genetic and pharmacological inhibition of PARP1 impairs the dynamic association of TRF1 and the bromodeoxyuridine incorporation at replicating telomeres. Inhibition of PARP1 also affects the recruitment of WRN and BLM helicases in TRF1 containing complexes during S-phase, triggering replication-dependent DNA-damage and telomere fragility. This work unveils an unprecedented role for PARP1 as a "surveillant" of telomere replication, which orchestrates protein dynamics at proceeding replication fork.
MeSH term(s)	ADP-Ribosylation ; DNA Damage ; DNA Helicases ; Shelterin Complex ; Telomere/genetics ; Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1/metabolism
Chemical Substances	DNA Helicases (EC 3.6.4.-) ; Shelterin Complex ; Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 (EC 2.4.2.30)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2399-3642
ISSN (online)	2399-3642
DOI	10.1038/s42003-023-04596-6
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Article ; Online: Multiscale analysis of bamboo deformation mechanisms following NaOH treatment using X-ray and correlative microscopy.

Salvati, E / Brandt, L R / Uzun, F / Zhang, H / Papadaki, C / Korsunsky, A M

Acta biomaterialia

2018 Volume 72, Page(s) 329–341

Abstract: For hundreds of years, bamboo has been employed for a variety of applications ranging from load-bearing structures to textiles. Thanks to its hierarchical structure that is functionally graded and naturally optimised, bamboo displays a variation in ... ...

Abstract	For hundreds of years, bamboo has been employed for a variety of applications ranging from load-bearing structures to textiles. Thanks to its hierarchical structure that is functionally graded and naturally optimised, bamboo displays a variation in properties across its stem that ensures exceptional flexural performance. Often, alkaline solutions are employed for the treatment of bamboo in order to alter its natural elastic behaviour and make it suitable for particular applications. In this work we study the effect of NaOH solutions of five different concentrations (up to 25%) on the elastic properties of bamboo. By exploiting the capabilities of modern experimental techniques such as in situ synchrotron X-ray scattering and Digital Image Correlation, we present detailed analysis of the deformation mechanisms taking place in the main constituents of bamboo, i.e. fibres and matrix (Parenchyma). The principal achievement of this study is the elucidation of the deformation mechanisms at the fibre scale, where the relative sliding of fibrils plays a crucial role in the property modification of the whole bamboo stem. Furthermore, we shed light on the parenchyma toughness variation as a consequence of alkali treatments. Statement of significance: Alkaline solutions are often employed for the treatment of bamboo in order to alter its natural elastic behaviour. In this work we study the effect of alkaline solutions on the elastic properties of bamboo. Using state of the art experimental techniques allowed shedding light on the deformation mechanisms occurring in the bamboo main constituents, i.e. fibres and matrix (parenchyma cells). Enhancement of fibre stiffness was experienced when up to 20% NaOH solution was employed, while for higher concentration a decay was observed. This effect was imputed to the modification of adhesion between fibrils induced by disruption of ligand elements (e.g. lignin). Modification of the matrix toughness was also experienced, that indicated an improved resistance to cracking when the concentration of NaOH is 25%, while reduction of toughness was revealed for lower concentrations.
MeSH term(s)	Elasticity ; Plant Stems/chemistry ; Poaceae/chemistry ; Sodium Hydroxide/chemistry ; X-Ray Diffraction
Chemical Substances	Sodium Hydroxide (55X04QC32I)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2173841-5
ISSN	1878-7568 ; 1742-7061
ISSN (online)	1878-7568
ISSN	1742-7061
DOI	10.1016/j.actbio.2018.03.050
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Article: Cyclic Plasticity and Low Cycle Fatigue of an AISI 316L Stainless Steel: Experimental Evaluation of Material Parameters for Durability Design.

Pelegatti, Marco / Lanzutti, Alex / Salvati, Enrico / Srnec Novak, Jelena / De Bona, Francesco / Benasciutti, Denis

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 14, Issue 13

Abstract: AISI 316L stainless steels are widely employed in applications where durability is crucial. For this reason, an accurate prediction of its behaviour is of paramount importance. In this work, the spotlight is on the cyclic response and low-cycle fatigue ... ...

Abstract	AISI 316L stainless steels are widely employed in applications where durability is crucial. For this reason, an accurate prediction of its behaviour is of paramount importance. In this work, the spotlight is on the cyclic response and low-cycle fatigue performance of this material, at room temperature. Particularly, the first aim of this work is to experimentally test this material and use the results as input to calibrate the parameters involved in a kinematic and isotropic nonlinear plasticity model (Chaboche and Voce). This procedure is conducted through a newly developed calibration procedure to minimise the parameter estimates errors. Experimental data are eventually used also to estimate the strain-life curve, namely the Manson-Coffin curve representing the 50% failure probability and, afterwards, the design strain-life curves (at 5% failure probability) obtained by four statistical methods (i.e., deterministic, "Equivalent Prediction Interval", univariate tolerance interval, Owen's tolerance interval for regression). Besides the characterisation of the AISI 316L stainless steel, the statistical methodology presented in this work appears to be an efficient tool for engineers dealing with durability problems as it allows one to select fatigue strength curves at various failure probabilities depending on the sought safety level.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2487261-1
ISSN	1996-1944
ISSN	1996-1944
DOI	10.3390/ma14133588
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Article ; Online: The role of cortical zone level and prosthetic platform angle in dental implant mechanical response

Ausiello, P. / Tribst, J.P.M. / Ventre, M. / Salvati, E. / Lauro, A.E. di / Martorelli, M. / Lanzotti, A. / Watts, D.C.

A 3D finite element analysis

2021

Abstract: S.1688-1697 ... Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of three different dental implant neck geometries, under a combined compressive/shear load using finite element analysis (FEA). The implant neck was positioned in D2 quality bone ...

Abstract	S.1688-1697 Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of three different dental implant neck geometries, under a combined compressive/shear load using finite element analysis (FEA). The implant neck was positioned in D2 quality bone at the crestal level or 2 mm below. Methods One dental implant (4.2 × 9 mm) was digitized by reverse engineering techniques using micro CT and imported into Computer Aided Design (CAD) software. Non-uniform rational B-spline surfaces were reconstructed, generating a 3D volumetric model similar to the digitized implant. Three different models were generated with different implant neck configurations, namely 0°, 10° and 20°. D2 quality bone, composed of cortical and trabecular structure, was modeled using data from CT scans. The implants were included in the bone model using a Boolean operation. Two different fixture insertion depths were simulated for each implant: 2 mm below the crestal bone and exactly at the level of the crestal bone. The obtained models were imported to FEA software in STEP format. Von Mises equivalent strains were analyzed for the peri-implant D2 bone type, considering the magnitude and volume of the affected surrounding cortical and trabecular bone. The highest strain values in both cortical and trabecular tissue at the peri-implant bone interface were extracted and compared. Results All implant models were able to distribute the load at the bone-implant contact (BIC) with a similar strain pattern between the models. At the cervical region, however, differences were observed: the models with 10° and 20° implant neck configurations (Model B and C), showed a lower strain magnitude when compared to the straight neck (Model A). These values were significantly lower when the implants were situated at crestal bone levels. In the apical area, no differences in strain values were observed. Significance The implant neck configuration influenced the strain distribution and magnitude in the cortical bone and cancellous bone tissues. To reduce the ...
Keywords	617
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: New contribution on the distribution and ecology of Dendrophyllia ramea (Linnaeus, 1758): abundance hotspots off north‐eastern Sicilian waters

Salvati, Eva / Giusti, Michela / Canese, Simonepietro / Esposito, Valentina / Romeo, Teresa / Andaloro, Franco / Bo, Marzia / Tunesi, Leonardo

Aquatic conservation. 2021 June, v. 31, no. 6

2021

Abstract: Dendrophyllia ramea is a poorly known arborescent scleractinian coral, whose worldwide distribution is limited to the southern part of the Mediterranean basin, and to the Atlantic Ocean between Macaronesia and Gulf of Cadiz. The geographical distribution ...

Abstract	Dendrophyllia ramea is a poorly known arborescent scleractinian coral, whose worldwide distribution is limited to the southern part of the Mediterranean basin, and to the Atlantic Ocean between Macaronesia and Gulf of Cadiz. The geographical distribution and abundance of D. ramea were herein updated, considering a total of 19 records, seven of which have never previously been reported in scientific papers. Between 2010 and 2017, five Remotely Operative Vehicle surveys carried out along the Sicilian coast recorded 89 colonies. No exhaustive data on density and ecology of this species have been published to date. Data for two areas off the north‐eastern Sicilian waters (Aeolian Island and Gulf of Patti) are reported, including the species’ bathymetric distribution, abundance, population density, colony morphometry, population size structure and surrounding habitat description. Size structure and density of D. ramea populations were compared with lost fishing gear density. Around the Aeolian Islands, where little lost fishing gear was observed, the D. ramea population was denser compared with the populations at two sites within the Gulf of Patti, where a greater amount of lost fishing gear was observed. The analysis of D. ramea size classes (single corallite, 2–5 polyps, >5 polyps) at different sites showed that impact varied with fishing gear typology: while lines damage the branches of larger colonies, nets can completely remove them. The limited distribution of D. ramea in some areas also makes this species very vulnerable to impacts such as changes in the chemical–physical characteristics and circulation of sea water. Dendrophyllia ramea is classified as ‘Vulnerable’ according to the Mediterranean IUCN Red List, and it is listed in the Barcelona Convention (Annex B). Data on the distribution of D. ramea allows us to review the species’ classification and propose that its status be changed to ‘Endangered’.
Keywords	Scleractinia ; coasts ; geographical distribution ; habitats ; morphometry ; population density ; population size ; seawater ; Aeolian Islands ; Atlantic Ocean ; Mediterranean region
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-06
Size	p. 1322-1333.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1146285-1
ISSN	1052-7613
ISSN	1052-7613
DOI	10.1002/aqc.3533
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book ; Online: Enabling Capsule Networks at the Edge through Approximate Softmax and Squash Operations

Marchisio, Alberto / Bussolino, Beatrice / Salvati, Edoardo / Martina, Maurizio / Masera, Guido / Shafique, Muhammad

2022

Abstract: Complex Deep Neural Networks such as Capsule Networks (CapsNets) exhibit high learning capabilities at the cost of compute-intensive operations. To enable their deployment on edge devices, we propose to leverage approximate computing for designing ... ...

Abstract	Complex Deep Neural Networks such as Capsule Networks (CapsNets) exhibit high learning capabilities at the cost of compute-intensive operations. To enable their deployment on edge devices, we propose to leverage approximate computing for designing approximate variants of the complex operations like softmax and squash. In our experiments, we evaluate tradeoffs between area, power consumption, and critical path delay of the designs implemented with the ASIC design flow, and the accuracy of the quantized CapsNets, compared to the exact functions. Comment: To appear at the ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design (ISLPED), August 2022, Boston, MA, USA
Keywords	Computer Science - Machine Learning
Publishing date	2022-06-21
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Diagnosis and treatment of ALT tumors: is Trabectedin a new therapeutic option?

Pompili, Luca / Leonetti, Carlo / Biroccio, Annamaria / Salvati, Erica

Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR

2017 Volume 36, Issue 1, Page(s) 189

Abstract: Telomeres are specialized nucleoprotein structures responsible for protecting chromosome ends in order to prevent the loss of genomic information. Telomere maintenance is required for achieving immortality by neoplastic cells. While most cancer cells ... ...

Abstract	Telomeres are specialized nucleoprotein structures responsible for protecting chromosome ends in order to prevent the loss of genomic information. Telomere maintenance is required for achieving immortality by neoplastic cells. While most cancer cells rely on telomerase re-activation for linear chromosome maintenance and sustained proliferation, a significant population of cancers (10-15%) employs telomerase-independent strategies, collectively referred to as Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres (ALT). ALT mechanisms involve different types of homology-directed telomere recombination and synthesis. These processes are facilitated by loss of the ATRX or DAXX chromatin-remodeling factors and by abnormalities of the telomere nucleoprotein architecture. Although the functional consequences of telomerase and ALT up-regulation are similar in that they both prevent overall telomere shortening in tumors, these telomere maintenance mechanisms (TMMs) differ in several aspects which may account for their differential prognostic significance and response to therapy in various tumor types. Therefore, reliable methods for detecting telomerase activity and ALT are likely to become an important pre-requisite for the use of treatments targeting one or other of these mechanisms. However, the question whether ALT presence can confer sensitivity to rationally designed anti-cancer therapies is still open. Here we review the latest discoveries in terms of mechanisms of ALT activation and maintenance in human tumors, methods for ALT identification in cell lines and human tissues and biomarkers validation. Then, original results on sensitivity to rational based pre-clinical and clinical anti-tumor drugs in ALT vs hTERT positive cells will be presented.
MeSH term(s)	Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/pharmacology ; Dioxoles/pharmacology ; Humans ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasms/pathology ; Telomere/drug effects ; Telomere Homeostasis/drug effects ; Tetrahydroisoquinolines/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating ; Dioxoles ; Tetrahydroisoquinolines ; trabectedin (ID0YZQ2TCP)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-12-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	803138-1
ISSN	1756-9966 ; 0392-9078
ISSN (online)	1756-9966
ISSN	0392-9078
DOI	10.1186/s13046-017-0657-3
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