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  1. Article ; Online: How Are Patented AI, Software and Robot Technologies Related to Wage Changes in the United States?

    Fossen, Frank M / Samaan, Daniel / Sorgner, Alina

    Frontiers in artificial intelligence

    2022  Volume 5, Page(s) 869282

    Abstract: We analyze the relationships of three different types of patented technologies, namely artificial intelligence, software and industrial robots, with individual-level wage changes in the United States from 2011 to 2021. The aim of the study is to ... ...

    Abstract We analyze the relationships of three different types of patented technologies, namely artificial intelligence, software and industrial robots, with individual-level wage changes in the United States from 2011 to 2021. The aim of the study is to investigate if the availability of AI technologies is associated with increases or decreases in individual workers' wages and how this association compares to previous innovations related to software and industrial robots. Our analysis is based on available indicators extracted from the text of patents to measure the exposure of occupations to these three types of technologies. We combine data on individual wages for the United States with the new technology measures and regress individual annual wage changes on these measures controlling for a variety of other factors. Our results indicate that innovations in software and industrial robots are associated with wage decreases, possibly indicating a large displacement effect of these technologies on human labor. On the contrary, for innovations in AI, we find wage increases, which may indicate that productivity effects and effects coming from the creation of new human tasks are larger than displacement effects of AI. AI exposure is associated with positive wage changes in services, whereas exposure to robots is associated with negative wage changes in manufacturing. The relationship of the AI exposure measure with wage increases has become stronger in 2016-2021 in comparison to the 5 years before.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2624-8212
    ISSN (online) 2624-8212
    DOI 10.3389/frai.2022.869282
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: The impact of artificial intelligence on labor markets in developing countries: a new method with an illustration for Lao PDR and urban Viet Nam.

    Carbonero, Francesco / Davies, Jeremy / Ernst, Ekkehard / Fossen, Frank M / Samaan, Daniel / Sorgner, Alina

    Journal of evolutionary economics

    2023  , Page(s) 1–30

    Abstract: AI is transforming labor markets around the world. Existing research has focused on advanced economies but has neglected developing economies. Different impacts of AI on labor markets in different countries arise not only from heterogeneous occupational ... ...

    Abstract AI is transforming labor markets around the world. Existing research has focused on advanced economies but has neglected developing economies. Different impacts of AI on labor markets in different countries arise not only from heterogeneous occupational structures, but also from the fact that occupations vary across countries in their composition of tasks. We propose a new methodology to translate existing measures of AI impacts that were developed for the US to countries at various levels of economic development. Our method assesses semantic similarities between textual descriptions of work activities in the US and workers' skills elicited in surveys for other countries. We implement the approach using the measure of suitability of work activities for machine learning provided by Brynjolfsson et al. (Am Econ Assoc Pap Proc 108:43-47, 2018) for the US and the World Bank's STEP survey for Lao PDR and Viet Nam. Our approach allows characterizing the extent to which workers and occupations in a given country are subject to destructive digitalization, which puts workers at risk of being displaced, in contrast to transformative digitalization, which tends to benefit workers. We find that workers in urban Viet Nam, in comparison to Lao PDR, are more concentrated in occupations affected by AI, which requires them to adapt or puts them at risk of being partially displaced. Our method based on semantic textual similarities using SBERT is advantageous compared to approaches transferring AI impact scores across countries using crosswalks of occupational codes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-17
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1459309-9
    ISSN 1432-1386 ; 0936-9937
    ISSN (online) 1432-1386
    ISSN 0936-9937
    DOI 10.1007/s00191-023-00809-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Corporate liquidity under financial constraints and macroeconomic uncertainty

    Samaan, Daniel / Schott, Immo

    Dynamic modeling, empirical macroeconomics, and finance : essays in honor of Willi Semmler , p. 221-259

    2016  , Page(s) 221–259

    Author's details Daniel Samaan and Immo Schott
    Keywords Betriebliche Liquidität ; Kreditrationierung ; Unternehmensfinanzierung ; Kapitalstrukturtheorie ; Schätzung ; OECD-Staaten
    Language English
    Publisher Springer
    Publishing place Switzerland
    Document type Article
    ISBN 978-3-319-39885-3 ; 3-319-39885-7
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  4. Article ; Online: Economics of artificial intelligence

    Ernst, Ekkehardt / Merola, Rossana / Samaan, Daniel

    Implications for the future of work

    2019  

    Abstract: The current wave of technological change based on advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) has created widespread fear of job loss and further rises in inequality. This paper discusses the rationale for these fears, highlighting the specific nature ... ...

    Abstract The current wave of technological change based on advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) has created widespread fear of job loss and further rises in inequality. This paper discusses the rationale for these fears, highlighting the specific nature of AI and comparing previous waves of automation and robotization with the current advancements made possible by a widespread adoption of AI. It argues that large opportunities in terms of increases in productivity can ensue, including for developing countries, given the vastly reduced costs of capital that some applications have demonstrated and the potential for productivity increases, especially among the low skilled. At the same time, risks in the form of further increases in inequality need to be addressed if the benefits from AI-based technological progress are to be broadly shared. For this, skills policies are necessary but not sufficient. In addition, new forms of regulating the digital economy are called for that prevent further rises in market concentration, ensure proper data protection and privacy, and help share the benefits of productivity growth through the combination of profit sharing, (digital) capital taxation, and a reduction in working time. The paper calls for a moderately optimistic outlook on the opportunities and risks from AI, provided that policymakers and social partners take the particular characteristics of these new technologies into account.
    Keywords ddc:330 ; J23 ; J24 ; O00 ; E24 ; artificial intelligence ; technological unemployment ; inequality ; productivity growth
    Subject code 338
    Language English
    Publisher Warsaw: Sciendo
    Publishing country de
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Book ; Article ; Online: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Labor Markets in Developing Countries

    Carbonero, Francesco / Davies, Jeremy / Ernst, Ekkehard / Fossen, Frank M. / Samaan, Daniel / Sorgner, Alina

    A New Method with an Illustration for Lao PDR and Viet Nam

    2021  

    Abstract: AI is transforming labor markets around the world. Existing research has focused on advanced economies but has neglected developing economies. Different impacts of AI on labor markets in different countries arise not only from heterogeneous occupational ... ...

    Abstract AI is transforming labor markets around the world. Existing research has focused on advanced economies but has neglected developing economies. Different impacts of AI on labor markets in different countries arise not only from heterogeneous occupational structures, but also from the fact that occupations vary across countries in their composition of tasks. We propose a new methodology to translate existing measures of AI impacts that were developed for the US to countries at various levels of economic development. Our method assesses semantic similarities between textual descriptions of work activities in the US and workers' skills elicited in surveys for other countries. We implement the approach using the measure of suitability of work activities for machine learning provided by Brynjolfsson et al. (2018) for the US and the World Bank's STEP survey for Lao PDR and Viet Nam. Our approach allows characterizing the extent to which workers and occupations in a given country are subject to destructive digitalization, which puts workers at risk of being displaced, in contrast to transformative digitalization, which tends to benefit workers. We find that workers in Lao PDR are less likely than in Viet Nam to be in the "machine terrain", where workers will have to adapt to occupational transformations due to AI and are at risk of being partially displaced. Our method based on semantic textual similarities using SBERT is advantageous compared to approaches transferring AI impact scores across countries using crosswalks of occupational codes.
    Keywords ddc:330 ; J22 ; J23 ; O14 ; O33 ; labor ; digitalization ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; skills ; developing countries
    Subject code 331
    Language English
    Publisher Bonn: Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article: Employment and output effects of climate policies

    Kato, Mika / Mittnik, Stefan / Samaan, Daniel / Semmler, Willi

    The Oxford handbook of the macroeconomics of global warming , p. 445-476

    2015  , Page(s) 445–476

    Author's details Mika Kato, Stefan Mittnik, Daniel Samaan, and Willi Semmler
    Language English
    Size graph. Darst.
    Publisher Oxford Univ. Press
    Publishing place Oxford [u.a.]
    Document type Article
    ISBN 0-19-985697-4 ; 978-0-19-985697-8
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  7. Article: Modeling the dynamics of the transition to a green economy

    Kato, Mika / Mittnik, Stefan / Samaan, Daniel / Semmler, Willi

    Dynamic optimization in environmental economics , p. 87-109

    2014  , Page(s) 87–109

    Author's details Stefan Mittnik, Mika Kato, Mika Kato, and Daniel Samaan
    Keywords Klimaschutz ; Policy-Mix ; Umweltökonomik ; Wachstumstheorie ; Strukturwandel ; Theorie
    Language English
    Publisher Springer
    Publishing place Berlin [u.a.]
    Document type Article
    ISBN 3-642-54085-6 ; 978-3-642-54085-1
    Database ECONomics Information System

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    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

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