Article ; Online: Chemical Decorations of “MARs” Residents in Orchestrating Eukaryotic Gene Regulation
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol
2020 Volume 8
Abstract: Genome organization plays a crucial role in gene regulation, orchestrating multiple cellular functions. A meshwork of proteins constituting a three-dimensional (3D) matrix helps in maintaining the genomic architecture. Sequences of DNA that are involved ... ...
| Abstract | Genome organization plays a crucial role in gene regulation, orchestrating multiple cellular functions. A meshwork of proteins constituting a three-dimensional (3D) matrix helps in maintaining the genomic architecture. Sequences of DNA that are involved in tethering the chromatin to the matrix are called scaffold/matrix attachment regions (S/MARs), and the proteins that bind to these sequences and mediate tethering are termed S/MAR-binding proteins (S/MARBPs). The regulation of S/MARBPs is important for cellular functions and is altered under different conditions. Limited information is available presently to understand the structure–function relationship conclusively. Although all S/MARBPs bind to DNA, their context- and tissue-specific regulatory roles cannot be justified solely based on the available information on their structures. Conformational changes in a protein lead to changes in protein–protein interactions (PPIs) that essentially would regulate functional outcomes. A well-studied form of protein regulation is post-translational modification (PTM). It involves disulfide bond formation, cleavage of precursor proteins, and addition or removal of low-molecular-weight groups, leading to modifications like phosphorylation, methylation, SUMOylation, acetylation, PARylation, and ubiquitination. These chemical modifications lead to varied functional outcomes by mechanisms like modifying DNA–protein interactions and PPIs, altering protein function, stability, and crosstalk with other PTMs regulating subcellular localizations. S/MARBPs are reported to be regulated by PTMs, thereby contributing to gene regulation. In this review, we discuss the current understanding, scope, disease implications, and future perspectives of the diverse PTMs regulating functions of S/MARBPs. |
|---|---|
| Keywords | post-translation modification (PTM) ; S/MAR-binding protein ; gene regulation ; disease ; chromatin 3D architecture ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 |
| Subject code | 612 |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z |
| Publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| Document type | Article ; Online |
| Database | BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection) |
Full text online
More links
Kategorien
Inter-library loan at ZB MED
Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.