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Article: Solitary plasmacytoma of the calvarium: A successful management of a long-standing large lesion with a long-term follow-up.

Alghamdi, Abdulaziz M / Alsinani, Taghreed A / Samkari, Alaa

Surgical neurology international

2024 Volume 15, Page(s) 27

Abstract: Background: Solitary plasmacytoma of the calvarium (SPC), without evidence of multiple myeloma (MM), is extremely rare. We report a case of a long-standing large SPC that was treated successfully by surgical excision and adjuvant radiotherapy with a ... ...

Abstract	Background: Solitary plasmacytoma of the calvarium (SPC), without evidence of multiple myeloma (MM), is extremely rare. We report a case of a long-standing large SPC that was treated successfully by surgical excision and adjuvant radiotherapy with a long follow-up period. Case description: A 58-year-old male patient presented with a 5-year history of painless skull swelling. On the physical examination, the mass was 6 × 6 cm in size, oval, not tender, and firm in consistency with normal skin color. A brain computed tomography scan showed a destructive skull lesion. A brain magnetic reasoning imaging (MRI) showed a large expansile lytic mass lesion arising from the skull vault in the frontal-parietal region with multiple internal septa. The patient underwent a craniectomy and excision of the lesion, followed by cranioplasty using methyl methacrylate. The final diagnosis was consistent with plasmacytoma based on the histopathological features. One month follow-up brain MRI showed no evidence of residual tumor. The skeletal survey and bone marrow biopsy did not reveal any evidence of MM. The patient was referred to medical oncology for further treatment and received radiation therapy. During nine years of clinical and radiological follow-up, there was no evidence of any metastasis or recurrence. Conclusion: SPC is a rare disease with high rates of misdiagnosis. Careful evaluations are crucial to exclude systemic involvement. Surgical resection followed by radiotherapy may be adequate for the disease control. Close follow-up with regular lifelong examinations is important to avoid a generalized incurable disease.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ISSN	2229-5097
ISSN	2229-5097
DOI	10.25259/SNI_817_2023
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Intraparenchymal meningioma in the parieto-occipital region: A case report of a diagnostically challenging tumor.

Khojah, Osama / Aljohani, Sara / Aldahlawi, Abdulaziz / Samkari, Alaa / Alzahrani, Moajeb

Surgical neurology international

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 135

Abstract: Background: Intraparenchymal meningioma is a rare entity of one of the most common brain tumors. It is challenging to diagnose preoperatively due to the vague clinical presentation and absence of stereotypical radiological features. These atypical ... ...

Abstract	Background: Intraparenchymal meningioma is a rare entity of one of the most common brain tumors. It is challenging to diagnose preoperatively due to the vague clinical presentation and absence of stereotypical radiological features. These atypical features might mislead the differential to favor high-grade gliomas or brain metastasis. Case description: We describe a case of a 46-year-old male who presented with vertigo, right-sided sensorineural hearing loss, and bilateral blurred vision. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a large parieto-occipital contrast-enhanced mass with a multi-loculated cystic component and diffusion restriction but without dural attachment. A gross total reaction was achieved, and the histopathological results yielded a World Health Organization Grade I meningioma diagnosis. The patient exhibited no signs of recurrence after 2 years of follow-up. Conclusion: Intraparenchymal meningiomas are difficult to identify without histopathological assessment. We emphasize the importance of considering this diagnosis when outlining an initial differential as it may direct management planning. Total surgical resection is the best treatment modality for such cases; however, radiotherapy is a valuable option. The prognosis of intraparenchymal meningiomas is generally favorable.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ISSN	2229-5097
ISSN	2229-5097
DOI	10.25259/SNI_131_2023
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Article: Xanthogranuloma of the suprasellar region mimicking cystic craniopharyngioma: A case report.

Alghamdi, Abdulaziz M / Alghamdi, Abdulkarim M / Samkari, Alaa / Samman, Afnan / Lary, Ahmed

Surgical neurology international

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 331

Abstract: Background: Xanthogranuloma of the sellar region is an extremely rare benign entity with only case reports and series documented in the literature. We aim to describe in this report a case of a suprasellar xanthogranuloma that was diagnosed initially as ...

Abstract	Background: Xanthogranuloma of the sellar region is an extremely rare benign entity with only case reports and series documented in the literature. We aim to describe in this report a case of a suprasellar xanthogranuloma that was diagnosed initially as a cystic craniopharyngioma. Case description: A 28-year-old woman presented to the clinic with a 2-week history of headaches, blurred vision, nausea, and vomiting. She had no medical or surgical history, no signs of hormonal disturbances, and no family history of brain tumors or endocrine diseases. Her neurological examination was unremarkable except for bitemporal hemianopia on visual field testing. A magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a cystic mass in the sellar region that was compressing the optic chiasm with radiological features representing cystic craniopharyngioma. She underwent endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal surgery to excise the mass, and only subtotal excision was achieved to preserve the pituitary function. The histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of a xanthogranuloma of the sellar region. The postoperative course was unremarkable, and she did not receive any adjuvant therapy. There was no recurrence of the clinical symptoms or the mass during the 18-month follow-up period. Conclusion: Although xanthogranuloma is uncommon, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of sellar/suprasellar lesions. Due to its wide range of radiological features that sometimes can mimic other lesions, a definitive diagnosis can only be made postoperatively. Surgical excision is the most accepted treatment with a favorable prognosis and low rates of recurrence.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ISSN	2229-5097
ISSN	2229-5097
DOI	10.25259/SNI_646_2023
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Article: Exploring Integrative Approaches: Insights Into Complementary Medicine Practices Among Breast Cancer Survivors in Saudi Arabia.

Abusanad, Atlal / Ujaimi, Reem / Alotaibi, Marah A / Alharbi, Lama A / Alatawi, Nouf / Algarni, Abeer A / Samkari, Ali

Cureus

2024 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) e52282

Abstract: Objectives: Complementary and integrative medicine (CAM) is a prevalent approach often used with conventional medical practices The study aims to understand the factors influencing breast cancer (BC) survivors' decisions regarding CAM therapy and the ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Complementary and integrative medicine (CAM) is a prevalent approach often used with conventional medical practices The study aims to understand the factors influencing breast cancer (BC) survivors' decisions regarding CAM therapy and the drivers behind their use. Setting: This research was conducted at an academic hospital in Saudi Arabia. The study used cross-sectional research with a questionnaire. Participants were enrolled in the study through BC survivors' groups on WhatsApp. Individuals who were actively following up at the clinic were also interviewed. Informed consent was obtained. Results: The study surveyed 211 BC survivors, aged 34-49 (50.2%), who had undergone surgery (93.4%), hormonal therapy (66.4%), and chemotherapy (87.7%). Less than half (44.5%) had chronic conditions such as diabetes and hypertension. CAM users were 43.6%. The most used CAM modalities were Zamzam water, honey, and water read-upon Quran. A significant motivator for CAM use was to boost the immune system. More than half of patients used less than 100 SAR per month on CAM modalities. Exactly 80.4% of CAM users perceived benefits from CAM use. Predictors of CAM use included higher family monthly income, radiation therapy, and being diagnosed from 1 to 5 years. BC survivors without medical conditions after diagnosis were less likely to use CAM. Conclusion: The study highlights the prevalence, predictive factors, motivations, and perceived benefits of CAM use among BC survivors in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing the need for understanding and integration into cancer care plans and the need for further research on CAM safety and efficacy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.52282
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Article: Gliosarcoma Invading the Temporal Bone, Temporalis Muscle, and Skull Base.

Alghamdi, Khalid T / Ashqar, Alaa A / Alamoudi, Ahmad / Alzahrani, Abdullah / Samkari, Alaa / Kutub, Hussam

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 7, Page(s) e42319

Abstract: Gliosarcoma (GS) is a primary central nervous system tumor. It is an unusual type of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and rarely invades the skull base. It has a biomorphic tissue pattern with rapid alternation zones of glial and mesenchymal differentiation. ...

Abstract	Gliosarcoma (GS) is a primary central nervous system tumor. It is an unusual type of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and rarely invades the skull base. It has a biomorphic tissue pattern with rapid alternation zones of glial and mesenchymal differentiation. We report the case of a 62-year-old male who presented with a one-month history of unsteady gait associated with dizziness. Brain MRI showed a right temporal mass that invaded the skull base with perilesional edema and a significant mass effect on the right lateral ventricle. The patient underwent a right-sided frontotemporal craniotomy with gross total resection. The pathology confirmed the diagnosis of GS. Postoperatively, the patient had an uneventful recovery with no complications and was discharged two days post-surgery.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.42319
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Article: Hydroxychloroquine-Induced Myopathy Responding to Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG).

Almoallim, Hani / Samkari, Alaa / Fallata, Ahmad / Adam, Heba / Kary, Malak / Bahabri, Mohammed / Cheikh, Mohamed

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 6, Page(s) e41016

Abstract: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a drug used to treat many diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), has limited reports documenting drug-induced myopathies as a side effect. This entity is underdiagnosed with unclear ... ...

Abstract	Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a drug used to treat many diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), has limited reports documenting drug-induced myopathies as a side effect. This entity is underdiagnosed with unclear treatment interventions apart from discontinuing the offending drug. We report a case of a biopsy-proven hydroxychloroquine-induced myopathy in a 35-year-old female patient with SLE. The offending drug was stopped, but the patient did not improve. However, she showed marked improvement after the use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.41016
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Article: Awake craniotomy for fenestration of motor cortex neuroglial cyst: A case report.

Hamzah, Abdulaziz / Ashqar, Alaa Adel / Alshanqiti, Maryam / Lary, Ahmed / Samkari, Alaa

Surgical neurology international

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 323

Abstract: Background: Neuroglial cysts (NCs) are uncommon benign cysts covered by an epithelial layer, accounting for <1% of all intracranial cysts. The optimal management approach for these cysts remains a subject of debate. Given their rarity, management ... ...

Abstract	Background: Neuroglial cysts (NCs) are uncommon benign cysts covered by an epithelial layer, accounting for <1% of all intracranial cysts. The optimal management approach for these cysts remains a subject of debate. Given their rarity, management principles used for arachnoid cysts can be applied to NCs. Case description: We present a case of a 35-year-old male without prior medical history, who presented to the neurosurgery clinic with complaints of absence seizures. A neurological examination revealed subtle weakness in the left upper limb. Brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a large cystic lesion in the posterior frontal and anterior parietal lobes of the right hemisphere. The patient underwent an awake craniotomy, during which a cystoventricular fenestration was performed on the motor cortex cyst. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of NC. At the 4-month follow-up, the patient experienced complete recovery, with normal strength (5/5) in all limbs and absence of seizure remission. Conclusion: This case highlights the successful use of awake craniotomy for the fenestration of an NC in the motor cortex. Given the rarity of NCs, there is no consensus on the optimal treatment strategy. However, in this particular case, the patient achieved complete recovery without any new neurological deficits following the procedure.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ISSN	2229-5097
ISSN	2229-5097
DOI	10.25259/SNI_477_2023
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Article ; Online: Disease burden and projection of total and early-onset colorectal cancer in Gulf cooperation council countries from 1990 to 2019.

Ramadan, Majed / Ghamdi, Hanin / Aboalola, Doaa / Alorainan, Noha / Alsalmi, Ragad / Afash, Ahmed / Hariri, Albaraa / Alboloshi, Atheer / Samkari, Alaa / Alsiary, Rawiah

Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.)

2024 Volume 51, Page(s) 100988

Abstract: Background: Early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) incidence and prevalence trends in the rise in high income countries, such as the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The study aimed to offer an up-to-date assessment of the overall burden of CRC, ...

Abstract	Background: Early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) incidence and prevalence trends in the rise in high income countries, such as the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The study aimed to offer an up-to-date assessment of the overall burden of CRC, and EO-CRC in GCC countries and project its incidence and mortality in 2030. Method: The prevalence, incidence, mortality, years of life lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of CRC were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. The incidence and mortality of CRC, and EO-CRC up to 2030 were predicted. Results: All GCC countries showed a higher annual average percentage changes (AAPC) AAPC incidence rate for EO-CRC compared to CRC. In Saudi Arabia the number of CRC cases has increased from 1990 1484.57; (95 % UI 1987.98,1083.86) 11.4-fold-increase to 16991.83; (95 % UI 21754.79,12892.12) in 2019. In 2030, the total incidence cases of CRC for the six Gulf countries are expected to reach 13,339 thousand, primarily driven by Saudi Arabia with 7,910.19 cases. In 2030, the CRC mortality rate is projected to be 7,647 cases, with nearly 57 % of CRC mortality cases anticipated in Saudi Arabia. Conclusion: This study sheds light on the alarming rise in CRC and EO-CRC across Gulf countries from 1990 to 2019, emphasizing Saudi Arabia's significant burden. It projects a concerning increase in CRC incidence and mortality by 2030, primarily in Saudi Arabia, and highlights the need for immediate public health interventions.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cost of Illness ; Global Burden of Disease ; Disabled Persons ; Incidence ; Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1483840-0
ISSN	1476-5586 ; 1522-8002
ISSN (online)	1476-5586
ISSN	1522-8002
DOI	10.1016/j.neo.2024.100988
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Article ; Online: Combined Preoperative Endovascular Embolization and Surgical Excision for Scalp Arteriovenous Malformations: A Systematic Review and Case Illustration.

Alghamdi, Abdulaziz M / Alboqami, Razan Ayed / Ateeq, Orjwan Hashem / Aljohani, Sara / Ahmed, Muhammad Ejaz / Samkari, Alaa / Kutub, Hussam

World neurosurgery

2024 Volume 185, Page(s) 234–244

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the combined approach of preoperative endovascular embolization (EE) and surgical excision (SE) for scalp arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and present an illustrative case report.: Methods: A systematic review ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the combined approach of preoperative endovascular embolization (EE) and surgical excision (SE) for scalp arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and present an illustrative case report. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using online databases (PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, and Embase) on February 15, 2023. The inclusion criteria were any type of study of patients with scalp AVMs who were diagnosed and confirmed through angiography and treated with combined preoperative EE and SE. All the articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Results: A total of 49 articles (91 patients) were included. The patients' age ranged from 10 days to 70 years at the time of presentation. The most common symptoms were a pulsatile mass in 51 patients (56.04%), progressively growing mass in 31 patients (34.06%), and bruits and/or thrills in 22 patients (24.17%). Complications of preoperative EE and SE were observed in only 5 patients; 3 patients (3.29%) had harvested skin graft marginal necrosis, 1 patient (1.09%) had skin necrosis, and 1 patient (1.09%) had a wound infection. Only 2 patients (2.19%) reported a recurrent or residual mass during a median follow-up period of 12 months. Conclusions: The management of scalp AVMs can be challenging; therefore, focused, and accurate identification of the complexity of the vascular anatomy is required. The combined method of preoperative EE and SE showed satisfactory outcomes with low rates of complications and recurrence; thus, we recommend this approach for the management of scalp AVMs.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Scalp/blood supply ; Scalp/surgery ; Embolization, Therapeutic/methods ; Arteriovenous Malformations/surgery ; Arteriovenous Malformations/diagnostic imaging ; Endovascular Procedures/methods ; Child ; Adult ; Preoperative Care/methods ; Adolescent ; Child, Preschool ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Aged ; Infant ; Combined Modality Therapy/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Case Reports ; Review
ZDB-ID	2534351-8
ISSN	1878-8769 ; 1878-8750
ISSN (online)	1878-8769
ISSN	1878-8750
DOI	10.1016/j.wneu.2024.02.121
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Article: Contribution of Pathologists in Leading Clinical Cancer Research Through Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Saudi Arabia.

Muwar, Moataz / Samkari, Alaa / Alghamdi, Majed

Cureus

2020 Volume 12, Issue 9, Page(s) e10513

Abstract: Background Interdisciplinary collaboration is often the key to advance cancer research. This research collaboration is frequently observed between oncologists and pathologists. While clinical cancer research is often led by oncologists, the leading role ... ...

Abstract	Background Interdisciplinary collaboration is often the key to advance cancer research. This research collaboration is frequently observed between oncologists and pathologists. While clinical cancer research is often led by oncologists, the leading role of pathologists is likely limited to laboratory-based and preclinical research. Therefore, the magnitude and characteristics of clinical studies led by pathologists is largely unknown. Objectives The objective of our study was to assess the quantity and quality of clinical cancer-related publications led by Saudi pathologists over a 10-year period. Methods A PubMed search was conducted between January 2008 and December 2017 to extract all published clinical articles regarding cancer by at least one Saudi pathologist with the collaboration of other cancer specialists. Information about articles and authors were collected. The level of evidence (LOE) was independently assessed by two authors. Two five-year periods (2008 - 2012 and 2013 - 2017) were compared using the relevant parameters. Results A total of 127 publications met our inclusion criteria and were included. Review articles (27%) were the most common type of publication. There were no experimental studies. The LOE was III and IV in 59.1% and 40.9% of the included publications, respectively. Comparing the two five-year periods, the number of publications (p < 0.001), publications in international journals (p = 0.004), and international collaborations (p < 0.001) increased in the second period. The LOE and journal impact factor were the same in the two periods. Conclusions The pathologist-led clinical cancer research in Saudi Arabia increased over time. Despite the observed increase in international collaboration and publications in international journals, the LOE was low (III/IV) and did not change over time.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.10513
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