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Article ; Online: Untargeted metabolomics liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry approach for the geographical origin assessment of Italian dehydrated apples.

Sammarco, Giuseppe / Dall'Asta, Chiara / Suman, Michele

2023 Volume 58, Issue 10, Page(s) e4954

Abstract: Geographical provenience is nowadays a relevant aspect of the authenticity and the quality of many food commodities. Dehydrated apple cubes/slices represent an ingredient commonly used by food companies for bakery products. However, this apple-based ... ...

Abstract	Geographical provenience is nowadays a relevant aspect of the authenticity and the quality of many food commodities. Dehydrated apple cubes/slices represent an ingredient commonly used by food companies for bakery products. However, this apple-based matrix is not so known and studied from an analytical point of view. In the present work, seven compounds were identified as key molecules to distinguish between Italian and non-Italian samples, through an untargeted ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) approach. This methodology was merged with multivariate statistical analysis, and the principal features were studied and identified considering several identification steps. Samples from 2020 and 2021 harvesting campaigns, with partial and total dehydration rates, with or without peel, and from different apple varieties were considered for the study, for a total of 91 samples. Afterward, the same analysis protocol was applied to an external set (n = 12 samples), included in the statistical models, searching for the key compounds identified in the training set. Interesting and significant results underlined the potentiality of the UHPLC-HRMS technology as a confirmatory strategy for the geographical origin assessment of dehydrated apple commodities.
MeSH term(s)	Malus ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Multivariate Analysis ; Italy ; Metabolomics/methods ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1221763-3
ISSN	1096-9888 ; 1076-5174
ISSN (online)	1096-9888
ISSN	1076-5174
DOI	10.1002/jms.4954
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Article ; Online: Functional Assessment on IBD Patients: Is It A Must or Is It A Dust?

Gallo, Gaetano / Sammarco, Giuseppe

Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research

2019 Volume 34, Issue 5, Page(s) 554–555

MeSH term(s)	Dust ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/epidemiology ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/therapy ; Quality of Life ; Risk Assessment
Chemical Substances	Dust
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	639444-9
ISSN	1521-0553 ; 0894-1939
ISSN (online)	1521-0553
ISSN	0894-1939
DOI	10.1080/08941939.2019.1679294
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Article: Therapeutic Targets and Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer.

Gallo, Gaetano / Vescio, Giuseppina / De Paola, Gilda / Sammarco, Giuseppe

Journal of clinical medicine

2021 Volume 10, Issue 11

Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a genetically, anatomically, and transcriptionally heterogeneous disease. The prognosis for a CRC patient depends on the stage of the tumor at diagnosis and widely differs accordingly. The tumor microenvironment (TME) in CRC is ...

Abstract	Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a genetically, anatomically, and transcriptionally heterogeneous disease. The prognosis for a CRC patient depends on the stage of the tumor at diagnosis and widely differs accordingly. The tumor microenvironment (TME) in CRC is an important factor affecting targeted cancer therapy. The TME has a dynamic composition including various cell types, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor-associated macrophages, regulatory T cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, as well as extracellular factors that surround cancer cells and have functional and structural roles under physiological and pathological conditions. Moreover, the TME can limit the efficacy of therapeutic agents through high interstitial pressure, fibrosis, and the degradation of the therapeutic agents by enzymatic activity. For this reason, the TME is a fertile ground for the discovery of new drugs. The aim of this narrative review is to present current knowledge and future perspectives regarding the TME composition based on strategies for patients with CRC.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm10112295
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Article ; Online: A geographical origin assessment of Italian hazelnuts: Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry coupled with multivariate statistical analysis and data fusion approach.

Sammarco, Giuseppe / Bardin, Daniele / Quaini, Federica / Dall'Asta, Chiara / Christmann, Joscha / Weller, Philipp / Suman, Michele

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)

2023 Volume 171, Page(s) 113085

Abstract: Hazelnut is a commodity that has gained interest in the food science community concerning its authenticity. The quality of the Italian hazelnuts is guaranteed by Protected Designation of Origin and Protected Geographical Indication certificates. However, ...

Abstract	Hazelnut is a commodity that has gained interest in the food science community concerning its authenticity. The quality of the Italian hazelnuts is guaranteed by Protected Designation of Origin and Protected Geographical Indication certificates. However, due to their modest availability and the high price, fraudulent producers/suppliers blend, or even substitute, Italian hazelnuts with others from different countries, having a lower price, and often a lower quality. To contrast or prevent these illegal activities, the present work investigated the application of the Gas Chromatography-Ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) technique on the hazelnut chain (fresh, roasted, and paste of hazelnuts). The raw data obtained were handled and elaborated using two different ways, software for statistical analysis, and a programming language. In both cases, Principal Component Analysis and Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis models were exploited, to study how the Volatile Organic Profiles of Italian, Turkish, Georgian, and Azerbaijani products differ. A prediction set was extrapolated from the training set, for a preliminary models' evaluation, then an external validation set, containing blended samples, was analysed. Both approaches highlighted an interesting class separation and good model parameters (accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, F1-score). Moreover, a data fusion approach with a complementary methodology, sensory analysis, was achieved, to estimate the performance enhancement of the statistical models, considering more discriminant variables and integrating at the same time further information correlated to quality aspects. GC-IMS could be a key player as a rapid, direct, cost-effective strategy to face authenticity issues regarding the hazelnut chain.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Corylus/chemistry ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Ion Mobility Spectrometry ; Multivariate Analysis ; Discriminant Analysis
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-04
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1111695-x
ISSN	1873-7145 ; 0963-9969
ISSN (online)	1873-7145
ISSN	0963-9969
DOI	10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113085
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Article ; Online: Thrombosed External Haemorrhoids: A Clinician's Dilemma.

Sammarco, Giuseppe / Trompetto, Mario / Gallo, Gaetano

Reviews on recent clinical trials

2019 Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) 232–234

MeSH term(s)	Clinical Decision-Making/methods ; Conservative Treatment/methods ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhoidectomy/methods ; Hemorrhoids/complications ; Hemorrhoids/diagnosis ; Hemorrhoids/therapy ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Thrombosis/diagnosis ; Thrombosis/etiology ; Thrombosis/therapy ; Time Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-27
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2251879-4
ISSN	1876-1038 ; 1574-8871
ISSN (online)	1876-1038
ISSN	1574-8871
DOI	10.2174/1574887114666190927163646
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Article ; Online: Authenticity assessment of ground black pepper by combining headspace gas-chromatography ion mobility spectrometry and machine learning.

Zacometti, Carmela / Sammarco, Giuseppe / Massaro, Andrea / Lefevre, Stephane / Frégière-Salomon, Aline / Lafeuille, Jean-Louis / Candalino, Ingrid Fiordaliso / Piro, Roberto / Tata, Alessandra / Suman, Michele

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)

2024 Volume 179, Page(s) 114023

Abstract: Currently, the authentication of ground black pepper is a major concern, creating a need for a rapid, highly sensitive and specific detection tool to prevent the introduction of adulterated batches into the food chain. To this aim, head space gas- ... ...

Abstract	Currently, the authentication of ground black pepper is a major concern, creating a need for a rapid, highly sensitive and specific detection tool to prevent the introduction of adulterated batches into the food chain. To this aim, head space gas-chromatography ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS), combined with machine learning, is tested in this initial, proof-of-concept study. A broad variety of authentic samples originating from eight countries and three continents were collected and spiked with a range of adulterants, both endogenous sub-products and an assortment of exogenous materials. The method is characterized by no sample preparation and requires 20 min for chromatographic separation and ion mobility data acquisition. After an explorative analysis of the data, those were submitted to two different machine learning algorithms (partial least squared discriminant analysis-PLS-DA and support vector machine-SVM). While the PLS-DA model did not provide fully satisfactory performances, the combination of HS-GC-IMS and SVM successfully classified the samples as authentic, exogenously-adulterated or endogenously-adulterated with an overall accuracy of 90 % and 96 % on withheld test set 1 and withheld test set 2, respectively (at a 95 % confidence level). Some limitations, expected to be mitigated by further research, were encountered in the correct classification of endogenously adulterated ground black pepper. Correct categorization of the ground black pepper samples was not adversely affected by the operator or the time span of data collection (the method development and model challenge were carried out by two operators over 6 months of the study, using ground black pepper harvested between 2015 and 2019). Therefore, HS-GC-IMS, coupled to an intelligent tool, is proposed to: (i) aid in industrial decision-making before utilization of a new batch of ground black pepper in the production chain; (ii) reduce the use of time-consuming conventional analyses and; (iii) increase the number of ground black pepper samples analyzed within an industrial quality control frame.
MeSH term(s)	Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Piper nigrum ; Ion Mobility Spectrometry/methods ; Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis ; Discriminant Analysis
Chemical Substances	Volatile Organic Compounds
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-13
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1111695-x
ISSN	1873-7145 ; 0963-9969
ISSN (online)	1873-7145
ISSN	0963-9969
DOI	10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114023
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Article: Non-targeted high-resolution mass spectrometry study for evaluation of milk freshness

Loffi, Cecilia / Cavanna, Daniele / Sammarco, Giuseppe / Catellani, Dante / Dall'Asta, Chiara / Suman, Michele

American Dairy Science Association Journal of dairy science. 2021 Dec., v. 104, no. 12

2021

Abstract: Milk freshness is an important parameter for both consumers' health and quality of milk-based products. Up to now there have been neither analytical methods nor specific parameters to uniquely define milk freshness from a complete and univocal chemical ... ...

Abstract	Milk freshness is an important parameter for both consumers' health and quality of milk-based products. Up to now there have been neither analytical methods nor specific parameters to uniquely define milk freshness from a complete and univocal chemical perspective. In this study, 8 molecules were selected and identified as responsible for milk aging, using a liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry approach followed by chemometric data elaboration. For model setup and marker selection, 30 high-quality pasteurized fresh milk samples were collected directly from the production site and analyzed immediately and after storage at 2 to 8°C for 7 d. The markers were then validated by challenging the model with a set of 10 milk samples, not previously analyzed. Our results demonstrated that the markers identified within this study can be successfully used for the correct classification of non-fresh milk samples, complementing and successfully enhancing parallel evaluations obtainable through sensory measures.
Keywords	chemometrics ; dairy science ; freshness ; mass spectrometry ; milk ; models ; pasteurization
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-12
Size	p. 12286-12294.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	242499-x
ISSN	1525-3198 ; 0022-0302
ISSN (online)	1525-3198
ISSN	0022-0302
DOI	10.3168/jds.2021-20285
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Fighting food frauds exploiting chromatography-mass spectrometry technologies: Scenario comparison between solutions in scientific literature and real approaches in place in industrial facilities

Suman, Michele / Cavanna, Daniele / Sammarco, Giuseppe / Lambertini, Francesca / Loffi, Cecilia

Trends in analytical chemistry. 2021 Sept., v. 142

2021

Abstract: Fraud in food commodities is very common around the world and today occurs at different places of the supply chain: the demand for rapid and confirmatory analytical methods has increased in recent years.This paper intends to present a comparison between ... ...

Abstract	Fraud in food commodities is very common around the world and today occurs at different places of the supply chain: the demand for rapid and confirmatory analytical methods has increased in recent years.This paper intends to present a comparison between analytical chromatographic approaches, coupled with mass spectrometry (MS), solutions to detect food fraud suggested in scientific literature and practices actually implemented by food companies, taking into consideration four different types of matrixes/food chains (wheat/cereals, fruits, nuts and nut products, eggs & egg products).A selection of the more relevant papers published to date is presented and compared with the information about industrial behaviour directly collected through informal interviews and official open-days & workshops; executed during FoodIntegrity European Funded EU-FP7 Project.The academic and food industry worlds are not aligned thus far and should interact better, exactly revolving around the flexibility and performances of chromatography-MS solutions.
Keywords	analytical chemistry ; chromatography ; eggs ; food fraud ; food industry ; mass spectrometry ; supply chain ; wheat
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-09
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2014041-1
ISSN	0165-9936
ISSN	0165-9936
DOI	10.1016/j.trac.2021.116305
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Non-targeted high-resolution mass spectrometry study for evaluation of milk freshness.

Loffi, Cecilia / Cavanna, Daniele / Sammarco, Giuseppe / Catellani, Dante / Dall'Asta, Chiara / Suman, Michele

Journal of dairy science

2021 Volume 104, Issue 12, Page(s) 12286–12294

Abstract	Milk freshness is an important parameter for both consumers' health and quality of milk-based products. Up to now there have been neither analytical methods nor specific parameters to uniquely define milk freshness from a complete and univocal chemical perspective. In this study, 8 molecules were selected and identified as responsible for milk aging, using a liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry approach followed by chemometric data elaboration. For model setup and marker selection, 30 high-quality pasteurized fresh milk samples were collected directly from the production site and analyzed immediately and after storage at 2 to 8°C for 7 d. The markers were then validated by challenging the model with a set of 10 milk samples, not previously analyzed. Our results demonstrated that the markers identified within this study can be successfully used for the correct classification of non-fresh milk samples, complementing and successfully enhancing parallel evaluations obtainable through sensory measures.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biomarkers ; Chromatography, Liquid/veterinary ; Mass Spectrometry/veterinary ; Milk
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	242499-x
ISSN	1525-3198 ; 0022-0302
ISSN (online)	1525-3198
ISSN	0022-0302
DOI	10.3168/jds.2021-20285
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Article ; Online: Measure the right parameters, set the right targets.

Badano, Luigi P / Sammarco, Giuseppe / Muraru, Denisa

International journal of cardiology

2018 Volume 284, Page(s) 63–64

MeSH term(s)	Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional ; Heart Failure ; Heart-Assist Devices ; Humans ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right ; Ventricular Function, Right
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-10-14
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	779519-1
ISSN	1874-1754 ; 0167-5273
ISSN (online)	1874-1754
ISSN	0167-5273
DOI	10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.10.043
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