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Article ; Online: Effect of air pollution on asthma.

Zhou, Xiaoying / Sampath, Vanitha / Nadeau, Kari C

Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology

2024 Volume 132, Issue 4, Page(s) 426–432

Abstract: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by respiratory symptoms, variable airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation. Exposure to air pollution has been linked to an increased risk of asthma ... ...

Abstract	Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by respiratory symptoms, variable airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation. Exposure to air pollution has been linked to an increased risk of asthma development and exacerbation. This review aims to comprehensively summarize recent data on the impact of air pollution on asthma development and exacerbation. Specifically, we reviewed the effects of air pollution on the pathogenic pathways of asthma, including type 2 and non-type 2 inflammatory responses, and airway epithelial barrier dysfunction. Air pollution promotes the release of epithelial cytokines, driving T
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Air Pollution/adverse effects ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Asthma/etiology ; Asthma/complications ; Air Pollutants/adverse effects ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Inflammation ; Cytokines ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Cytokines
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1228189-x
ISSN	1534-4436 ; 0003-4738 ; 1081-1206
ISSN (online)	1534-4436
ISSN	0003-4738 ; 1081-1206
DOI	10.1016/j.anai.2024.01.017
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Article ; Online: Effects of Extreme Weather on Health in Underserved Communities.

Leap, Sotheany R / Soled, Derek R / Sampath, Vanitha / Nadeau, Kari C

Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology

2024

Abstract: Increased fossil fuel usage has increased CO2 concentrations leading to global warming and climate change with increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as thunderstorms, wildfires, droughts, heat waves, and others. These changes ... ...

Abstract	Increased fossil fuel usage has increased CO2 concentrations leading to global warming and climate change with increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as thunderstorms, wildfires, droughts, heat waves, and others. These changes increase the risk of adverse health effects for all human beings. However, these experiences do not impact everyone equally. Underserved communities, including people of color, the elderly, people living with chronic conditions, and socioeconomically disadvantaged groups have greater vulnerability to the impacts of climate change. These vulnerabilities are a result of multiple factors such as disparities in healthcare, lower educational status, systemic racism, and many others. These social inequities are exacerbated by extreme weather events, which act as threat multipliers increasing disparities in health outcomes. It is clear that without human action, these global temperatures will continue to increase to unbearable levels creating an existential crisis. There is now global consensus that climate change is caused by anthropogenic activity and that actions to mitigate and adapt to climate change are urgently needed. The 2015 Paris Accord was the first truly global commitment that set goals to limit further warming. It also aimed to implement equity in action, founded on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. Meeting these goals require individual, community, organizational, national, and global cooperation. Health care professionals, often in the frontline with firsthand knowledge of the health impacts of climate change, can play a key role in advocating for just and equitable climate change adaptation and mitigation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1228189-x
ISSN	1534-4436 ; 0003-4738 ; 1081-1206
ISSN (online)	1534-4436
ISSN	0003-4738 ; 1081-1206
DOI	10.1016/j.anai.2024.04.018
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Article ; Online: The Immunobiology and Treatment of Food Allergy.

Barshow, Suzanne / Tirumalasetty, Jyothi / Sampath, Vanitha / Zhou, Xiaoying / Seastedt, Hana / Schuetz, Jackson / Nadeau, Kari

Annual review of immunology

2024

Abstract: IgE-mediated food allergy (IgE-FA) occurs due to a breakdown in immune tolerance that leads to a detrimental type 2 helper T cell ( ... ...

Abstract	IgE-mediated food allergy (IgE-FA) occurs due to a breakdown in immune tolerance that leads to a detrimental type 2 helper T cell (T
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	604953-9
ISSN	1545-3278 ; 0732-0582
ISSN (online)	1545-3278
ISSN	0732-0582
DOI	10.1146/annurev-immunol-090122-043501
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Article ; Online: Mechanisms of climate change and related air pollution on the immune system leading to allergic disease and asthma.

Sampath, Vanitha / Aguilera, Juan / Prunicki, Mary / Nadeau, Kari C

Seminars in immunology

2023 Volume 67, Page(s) 101765

Abstract: Climate change is considered the greatest threat to global health. Greenhouse gases as well as global surface temperatures have increased causing more frequent and intense heat and cold waves, wildfires, floods, drought, altered rainfall patterns, ... ...

Abstract	Climate change is considered the greatest threat to global health. Greenhouse gases as well as global surface temperatures have increased causing more frequent and intense heat and cold waves, wildfires, floods, drought, altered rainfall patterns, hurricanes, thunderstorms, air pollution, and windstorms. These extreme weather events have direct and indirect effects on the immune system, leading to allergic disease due to exposure to pollen, molds, and other environmental pollutants. In this review, we will focus on immune mechanisms associated with allergy and asthma-related health risks induced by climate change events. We will review current understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which the changing environment mediates these effects.
MeSH term(s)	Climate Change ; Air Pollution ; Asthma/immunology ; Hypersensitivity/immunology ; Immune System ; Disasters ; Humans ; Animals
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1018141-6
ISSN	1096-3618 ; 1044-5323
ISSN (online)	1096-3618
ISSN	1044-5323
DOI	10.1016/j.smim.2023.101765
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Article: The Role of Climate Change in Asthma.

Goshua, Anna / Sampath, Vanitha / Efobi, Jo Ann / Nadeau, Kari

Advances in experimental medicine and biology

2023 Volume 1426, Page(s) 25–41

Abstract: Human activity and increased use of fossil fuels have led to climate change. These changes are adversely affecting human health, including increasing the risk of developing asthma. Global temperatures are predicted to increase in the future. In 2019, ... ...

Abstract	Human activity and increased use of fossil fuels have led to climate change. These changes are adversely affecting human health, including increasing the risk of developing asthma. Global temperatures are predicted to increase in the future. In 2019, asthma affected an estimated 262 million people and caused 455,000 deaths. These rates are expected to increase. Climate change by intensifying climate events such as drought, flooding, wildfires, sand storms, and thunderstorms has led to increases in air pollution, pollen season length, pollen and mold concentration, and allergenicity of pollen. These effects bear implications for the onset, exacerbation, and management of childhood asthma and are increasing health inequities. Global efforts to mitigate the effects of climate change are urgently needed with the goal of limiting global warming to between 1.5 and 2.0 °C of preindustrial times as per the 2015 Paris Agreement. Clinicians need to take an active role in these efforts in order to prevent further increases in asthma prevalence. There is a role for clinician advocacy in both the clinical setting as well as in local, regional, and national settings to install measures to control and curb the escalating disease burden of childhood asthma in the setting of climate change.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Climate Change ; Asthma/epidemiology ; Allergens/adverse effects ; Air Pollution/adverse effects ; Pollen/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Allergens
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	410187-X
ISSN	0065-2598
ISSN	0065-2598
DOI	10.1007/978-3-031-32259-4_2
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Article ; Online: Health-based strategies for overcoming barriers to climate change adaptation and mitigation.

Kinney, Patrick L / Ge, Beverly / Sampath, Vanitha / Nadeau, Kari

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

2023 Volume 152, Issue 5, Page(s) 1053–1059

Abstract: Climate change poses an unequivocal threat to the respiratory health of current and future generations. Human activities-largely through the release of greenhouse gases-are driving rising global temperatures. Without a concerted effort to mitigate ... ...

Abstract	Climate change poses an unequivocal threat to the respiratory health of current and future generations. Human activities-largely through the release of greenhouse gases-are driving rising global temperatures. Without a concerted effort to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions or adapt to the effects of a changing climate, each increment of warming increases the risk of climate hazards (eg, heat waves, floods, and droughts) that that can adversely affect allergy and immunologic diseases. For instance, wildfires, which release large quantities of particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 μm (an air pollutant), occur with greater intensity, frequency, and duration in a hotter climate. This increases the risk of associated respiratory outcomes such as allergy and asthma. Fortunately, many mitigation and adaptation strategies can be applied to limit the impacts of global warming. Adaptation strategies, ranging from promotions of behavioral changes to infrastructural improvements, have been effectively deployed to increase resilience and alleviate adverse health effects. Mitigation strategies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions can not only address the problem at the source but also provide numerous direct health cobenefits. Although it is possible to limit the impacts of climate change, urgent and sustained action must be taken now. The health and scientific community can play a key role in promoting and implementing climate action to ensure a more sustainable and healthy future.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Climate Change ; Greenhouse Gases ; Air Pollutants/adverse effects ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Global Warming ; Hypersensitivity
Chemical Substances	Greenhouse Gases ; Air Pollutants
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	121011-7
ISSN	1097-6825 ; 1085-8725 ; 0091-6749
ISSN (online)	1097-6825 ; 1085-8725
ISSN	0091-6749
DOI	10.1016/j.jaci.2023.09.012
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Article ; Online: Newly identified T cell subsets in mechanistic studies of food immunotherapy.

Sampath, Vanitha / Nadeau, Kari C

The Journal of clinical investigation

2019 Volume 129, Issue 4, Page(s) 1431–1440

Abstract: Allergen-specific immunotherapy has shown promise for the treatment of food allergy and is currently being evaluated in clinical trials. Although immunotherapy can induce desensitization, the mechanisms underlying this process are not completely ... ...

Abstract	Allergen-specific immunotherapy has shown promise for the treatment of food allergy and is currently being evaluated in clinical trials. Although immunotherapy can induce desensitization, the mechanisms underlying this process are not completely understood. Recent advances in high-throughput technologies along with concomitant advances in data analytics have enabled monitoring of cells at the single-cell level and increased the research focus on upstream cellular factors involved in the efficacy of immunotherapy, particularly the role of T cells. As our appreciation of different T cell subsets and their plasticity increases, the initial simplistic view that restoring Th1/Th2 balance by decreasing Th2 or increasing Th1 responses can ameliorate food allergy is being enhanced by a more complex model involving other T cell subsets, particularly Tregs. In this Review, we focus on the current understanding of T cell functions in food allergy, tolerance, and immunotherapy.
MeSH term(s)	Food Hypersensitivity/immunology ; Food Hypersensitivity/pathology ; Food Hypersensitivity/therapy ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/pathology ; Th1 Cells/immunology ; Th1 Cells/pathology ; Th2 Cells/immunology ; Th2 Cells/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	3067-3
ISSN	1558-8238 ; 0021-9738
ISSN (online)	1558-8238
ISSN	0021-9738
DOI	10.1172/JCI124605
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Article: Early intervention of atopic dermatitis as a preventive strategy for progression of food allergy.

Sweeney, Alyssa / Sampath, Vanitha / Nadeau, Kari C

Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

2021 Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 30

Abstract: Background: Atopic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD) and food allergy (FA), have increased in prevalence in industrialized countries during the past few decades and pose a significant health burden. They appear to have a common underlying ... ...

Abstract	Background: Atopic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD) and food allergy (FA), have increased in prevalence in industrialized countries during the past few decades and pose a significant health burden. They appear to have a common underlying mechanism and a natural disease progression. AD is generally the first atopic disease to manifest followed by other atopic diseases, such as FA, allergic rhinitis, or allergic asthma suggesting that they are likely different manifestations of the same disease. BODY: Evidence suggests that allergic sensitization occurs through an impaired skin barrier, while consumption of these foods at an early age may actually result in tolerance. This has been termed the Dual-Allergen-Exposure hypothesis. Loss of barrier integrity has been hypothesized to enable penetration of allergens, pollutants, and microbes and initiation of an inflammatory immune cascade of events leading to sensitization. The immune dysfunction is thought to further exacerbate the impaired skin barrier to form a vicious cycle. There is much interest in preventing or protecting the skin barrier from developing a proinflammatory atopic state, which may potentially lead to the development of AD and subsequently, FA. Conclusion: Research on preventing or treating skin barrier dysfunction is ongoing. A number of studies have evaluated the efficacy of emollients in preventing AD and FA with mixed results. Studies have differed in the study design, population characteristics, emollients type, and frequency, duration, and area of application. Emollient type has varied widely from oils, creams, petrolatum-based lotions, and trilipid creams. Current research is directed towards the use of trilipid emollients that are similar to the skin's natural lipid composition with a 3:1:1 ratio of ceramides, cholesterol and free fatty acids and a pH that is similar to that of skin to determine their effectiveness for skin barrier repair and prevention of AD and FA.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2434973-2
ISSN	1710-1492 ; 1710-1484
ISSN (online)	1710-1492
ISSN	1710-1484
DOI	10.1186/s13223-021-00531-8
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Article ; Online: Allergy: Mechanistic insights into new methods of prevention and therapy.

Akdis, Cezmi A / Akdis, Mübeccel / Boyd, Scott D / Sampath, Vanitha / Galli, Stephen J / Nadeau, Kari C

Science translational medicine

2023 Volume 15, Issue 679, Page(s) eadd2563

Abstract: In the past few decades, the prevalence of allergic diseases has increased worldwide. Here, we review the etiology and pathophysiology of allergic diseases, including the role of the epithelial barrier, the immune system, climate change, and pollutants. ... ...

Abstract	In the past few decades, the prevalence of allergic diseases has increased worldwide. Here, we review the etiology and pathophysiology of allergic diseases, including the role of the epithelial barrier, the immune system, climate change, and pollutants. Our current understanding of the roles of early life and infancy; diverse diet; skin, respiratory, and gut barriers; and microbiome in building immune tolerance to common environmental allergens has led to changes in prevention guidelines. Recent developments on the mechanisms involved in allergic diseases have been translated to effective treatments, particularly in the past 5 years, with additional treatments now in advanced clinical trials.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Hypersensitivity/prevention & control ; Allergens ; Diet ; Skin ; Food Hypersensitivity
Chemical Substances	Allergens
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2518854-9
ISSN	1946-6242 ; 1946-6234
ISSN (online)	1946-6242
ISSN	1946-6234
DOI	10.1126/scitranslmed.add2563
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Article ; Online: Cross-reactive MHC class I T cell epitopes may dictate heterologous immune responses between respiratory viruses and food allergens.

Balz, Kathrin / Kaushik, Abhinav / Cemic, Franz / Sampath, Vanitha / Heger, Vanessa / Renz, Harald / Nadeau, Kari / Skevaki, Chrysanthi

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 14874

Abstract: Respiratory virus infections play a major role in asthma, while there is a close correlation between asthma and food allergy. We hypothesized that T cell-mediated heterologous immunity may induce asthma symptoms among sensitized individuals and used two ... ...

Abstract	Respiratory virus infections play a major role in asthma, while there is a close correlation between asthma and food allergy. We hypothesized that T cell-mediated heterologous immunity may induce asthma symptoms among sensitized individuals and used two independent in silico pipelines for the identification of cross-reactive virus- and food allergen- derived T cell epitopes, considering individual peptide sequence similarity, MHC binding affinity and immunogenicity. We assessed the proteomes of human rhinovirus (RV1b), respiratory syncytial virus (RSVA2) and influenza-strains contained in the seasonal quadrivalent influenza vaccine 2019/2020 (QIV 2019/2020), as well as SARS-CoV-2 for human HLA alleles, in addition to more than 200 most common food allergen protein sequences. All resulting allergen-derived peptide candidates were subjected to an elaborate scoring system considering multiple criteria, including clinical relevance. In both bioinformatics approaches, we found that shortlisted peptide pairs that are potentially binding to MHC class II molecules scored up to 10 × lower compared to MHC class I candidate epitopes. For MHC class I food allergen epitopes, several potentially cross-reactive peptides from shrimp, kiwi, apple, soybean and chicken were identified. The shortlisted set of peptide pairs may be implicated in heterologous immune responses and translated to peptide immunization strategies with immunomodulatory properties.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Asthma ; Food Hypersensitivity
Chemical Substances	Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-41187-1
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