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  1. Article ; Online: Author Correction

    Sang‑Yun Lee / Hyun Ju Hwang / Dong Woo Lee

    Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    Optimization of 3D-aggregated spheroid model (3D-ASM) for selecting high efficacy drugs

    2023  Volume 1

    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Cardiogenic shock

    Sungkyu Cho / Sang-Yun Lee

    Pediatric Emergency Medicine Journal, Vol 7, Iss 2, Pp 61-

    2020  Volume 69

    Abstract: Cardiogenic shock is an acute circulatory failure due to compromised myocardial contractility associated with congenital heart diseases and cardiomyopathies, such as myocarditis. In this article, the authors present a 3-step overview of cardiogenic shock ...

    Abstract Cardiogenic shock is an acute circulatory failure due to compromised myocardial contractility associated with congenital heart diseases and cardiomyopathies, such as myocarditis. In this article, the authors present a 3-step overview of cardiogenic shock diagnosis and management to restore tissue oxygen delivery. The first step is early recognition of nonspecific signs of the shock. The second step is medical management, monitoring, and repeated assessment. In addition to conventional parameters, biomarkers may be useful to monitor the shock. The final step is mechanical circulatory support, such as ventricular assist devices, for children with the refractory shock. We also briefly describe the shock in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children with coronavirus disease 2019.
    Keywords cardiovascular system ; child ; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ; heart-assist devices ; shock ; cardiogenic ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Korean Society of Pediatric Emergency Medicine
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Optimization of 3D-aggregated spheroid model (3D-ASM) for selecting high efficacy drugs

    Sang-Yun Lee / Hyun Ju Hwang / Dong Woo Lee

    Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 11

    Abstract: Abstract Various three-dimensional (3D) cell culture methods have been developed to implement tumor models similar to in vivo. However, the conventional 3D cell culture method has limitations such as difficulty in using an extracellular matrix (ECM), low ...

    Abstract Abstract Various three-dimensional (3D) cell culture methods have been developed to implement tumor models similar to in vivo. However, the conventional 3D cell culture method has limitations such as difficulty in using an extracellular matrix (ECM), low experimental reproducibility, complex 3D cell culture protocol, and difficulty in applying to high array plates such as 96- or 384-plates. Therefore, detailed protocols related to robust 3D-aggregated spheroid model (3D-ASM) production were optimized and proposed. A specially designed wet chamber was used to implement 3D-ASM using the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines, and the conditions were established for the icing step to aggregate the cells in one place and optimized ECM gelation step. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining is mainly used to simultaneously analyze drug efficacy and changes in drug-target biomarkers. By applying the IF staining method to the 3D-ASM model, confocal microscopy imaging and 3D deconvolution image analysis were also successfully performed. Through a comparative study of drug response with conventional 2D-high throughput screening (HTS), the 3D-HTS showed a more comprehensive range of drug efficacy analyses for HCC cell lines and enabled selective drug efficacy analysis for the FDA-approved drug sorafenib. This suggests that increased drug resistance under 3D-HTS conditions does not reduce the analytical discrimination of drug efficacy, also drug efficacy can be analyzed more selectively compared to the conventional 2D-HTS assay. Therefore, the 3D-HTS-based drug efficacy analysis method using an automated 3D-cell spotter/scanner, 384-pillar plate/wet chamber, and the proposed 3D-ASM fabrication protocol is a very suitable platform for analyzing target drug efficacy in HCC cells.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: In Vitro three-dimensional (3D) cell culture tools for spheroid and organoid models

    Sang-Yun Lee / In-Seong Koo / Hyun Ju Hwang / Dong Woo Lee

    SLAS Discovery, Vol 28, Iss 4, Pp 119-

    2023  Volume 137

    Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture technology has been steadily studied since the 1990′s due to its superior biocompatibility compared to the conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture technology, and has recently developed into an organoid culture ... ...

    Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture technology has been steadily studied since the 1990′s due to its superior biocompatibility compared to the conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture technology, and has recently developed into an organoid culture technology that further improved biocompatibility. Since the 3D culture of human cell lines in artificial scaffolds was demonstrated in the early 90′s, 3D cell culture technology has been actively developed owing to various needs in the areas of disease research, precision medicine, new drug development, and some of these technologies have been commercialized. In particular, 3D cell culture technology is actively being applied and utilized in drug development and cancer-related precision medicine research. Drug development is a long and expensive process that involves multiple steps—from target identification to lead discovery and optimization, preclinical studies, and clinical trials for approval for clinical use. Cancer ranks first among life-threatening diseases owing to intra-tumoral heterogeneity associated with metastasis, recurrence, and treatment resistance, ultimately contributing to treatment failure and adverse prognoses. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of efficient drugs using 3D cell culture techniques that can closely mimic in vivo cellular environments and customized tumor models that faithfully represent the tumor heterogeneity of individual patients. This review discusses 3D cell culture technology focusing on research trends, commercialization status, and expected effects developed until recently. We aim to summarize the great potential of 3D cell culture technology and contribute to expanding the base of this technology.
    Keywords 3D Cell Culture Model ; Extracellular Matrix (Scaffold) ; 3D Cell-based assay ; New drug development ; Precision medicine ; Drug repurposing ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Biotechnology ; TP248.13-248.65
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Two Cases of Acute Isolated Sphenoid Sinusitis in Children

    Sangwook Park / Sang Yun Lee / Yung Jin Jeon

    Journal of Rhinology, Vol 27, Iss 2, Pp 127-

    2020  Volume 131

    Abstract: Acute isolated sphenoid sinusitis is a rare disease, and accounts for less than 3% of all sinusitis, especially in young children. Delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis can occur frequently due to atypical clinical presentations. This can lead to serious ... ...

    Abstract Acute isolated sphenoid sinusitis is a rare disease, and accounts for less than 3% of all sinusitis, especially in young children. Delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis can occur frequently due to atypical clinical presentations. This can lead to serious complications because of the involvement of anatomically related intracranial structures. Therefore, nasal endoscopy, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are important diagnostic tools to confirm the diagnosis. We report two cases of a previously healthy 6-year-old girl and a 13-year-old boy, whose chief complaints were uncontrolled headache and high fever over 38°C. Physical examination and initial laboratory test results of blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid were normal. The diagnosis was made after a brain MRI revealed isolated sphenoid sinusitis. The girl was treated with third generation cephalosporins intravenously. The boy, however, had to undergo an emergent endoscopic sinus surgery as his headache and eyeball-pain symptoms did not resolve by medical treatment alone. Both cases had good outcomes, without neurological sequelae.
    Keywords sphenoid sinus ; sinusitis ; headache ; endoscopic sinus surgery ; children ; Medicine ; R ; Otorhinolaryngology ; RF1-547
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Korean Rhinologic Society
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: A High Throughput Apoptosis Assay using 3D Cultured Cells

    Sang-Yun Lee / Il Doh / Dong Woo Lee

    Molecules, Vol 24, Iss 18, p

    2019  Volume 3362

    Abstract: A high throughput apoptosis assay using 3D cultured cells was developed with a micropillar/microwell chip platform. Live cell apoptosis assays based on fluorescence detection have been useful in high content screening. To check the autofluorescence of ... ...

    Abstract A high throughput apoptosis assay using 3D cultured cells was developed with a micropillar/microwell chip platform. Live cell apoptosis assays based on fluorescence detection have been useful in high content screening. To check the autofluorescence of drugs, controls (no caspase-3/7 reagent in the assay) for the drugs are necessary which require twice the test space. Thus, a high throughput capability and highly miniaturized format for reducing reagent usage are necessary in live cell apoptosis assays. Especially, the expensive caspase-3/7 reagent should be reduced in a high throughput screening system. To solve this issue, we developed a miniaturized apoptosis assay using micropillar/microwell chips for which we tested seventy drugs (six replicates) per chip and reduced the assay volume to 1 µL. This reduced assay volume can decrease the assay costs compared to the 10–40 µL assay volumes used in 384 well plates. In our experiments, among the seventy drugs, four drugs (Cediranib, Cabozatinib, Panobinostat, and Carfilzomib) induced cell death by apoptosis. Those results were confirmed with western blot assays and proved that the chip platform could be used to identify high potency apoptosis-inducing drugs in 3D cultured cells with alginate.
    Keywords apoptosis assay ; caspase-3/7 ; 3D cell culture ; cell encapsulation ; high-throughput screening ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Transnasal Endoscopic Resection of a Huge Solitary Fibrous Tumor Originated From Frontal Recess

    Somi Ryu / Sang Yun Lee / Sang-Wook Kim / Hyun-Jin Cho

    Journal of Rhinology, Vol 28, Iss 3, Pp 171-

    2021  Volume 174

    Abstract: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a spindle cell neoplasm that occurs commonly in the pleural space. One-third of SFTs arising from an extrathoracic organ are found in the head and neck region, and they arise rarely in the sinonasal tract. Most of these ... ...

    Abstract Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a spindle cell neoplasm that occurs commonly in the pleural space. One-third of SFTs arising from an extrathoracic organ are found in the head and neck region, and they arise rarely in the sinonasal tract. Most of these tumors are benign, but malignant tumors are identified in some cases. Here we report a rare sinonasal SFT arising from the frontal recess. A 32-year-old male patient with chief complaint of headache and left facial pain visited the outpatient clinic. He had suffered from paranasal pain and nasal obstruction for several months, and symptoms became more severe in the previous three months. The mass rapidly increased in size and was protruding from the left nostril when he visited the hospital. After computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans, transnasal endoscopic resection of the tumor was performed, and gross total tumor removal was successfully achieved. We believe this case will be helpful for providing information regarding management of such uncommon huge sinonasal tumors originating from the frontal recess.
    Keywords solitary fibrous tumor ; sinonasal tumor ; endoscoopic resection ; Medicine ; R ; Otorhinolaryngology ; RF1-547
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Korean Rhinologic Society
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Evaluation of Progressive Collapse Resistance of Steel Moment Frames Designed with Different Connection Details Using Energy-Based Approximate Analysis

    Sang-Yun Lee / Sam-Young Noh / Dongkeun Lee

    Sustainability, Vol 10, Iss 10, p

    2018  Volume 3797

    Abstract: This study evaluates the progressive collapse resistance performance of steel moment frames, individually designed with different connection details. Welded unreinforced flange-bolted web (WUF-B) and reduced beam section (RBS) connections are selected ... ...

    Abstract This study evaluates the progressive collapse resistance performance of steel moment frames, individually designed with different connection details. Welded unreinforced flange-bolted web (WUF-B) and reduced beam section (RBS) connections are selected and applied to ordinary moment frames designed as per the Korean Building Code (KBC) 2016. The 3-D steel frame systems are modeled using reduced models of 1-D and 2-D elements for beams, columns, connections, and composite slabs. Comparisons between the analyzed results of the reduced models and the experimental results are presented to verify the applicability of the models. Nonlinear static analyses of two prototype buildings with different connection details are conducted using the reduced models, and an energy-based approximate analysis is used to account for the dynamic effects associated with sudden column loss. The assessment on the structures was based on structural robustness and sensitivity methods using the alternative path method suggested in General Services Administration (GSA) 2003, in which column removal scenarios were performed and the bearing capacity of the initial structure with an undamaged column was calculated under gravity loads. According to the analytical results, the two prototype buildings satisfied the chord rotation criterion of GSA 2003. These results were expected since the composite slabs designed to withstand more than 3.3 times the required capacity had a significant effect on the stiffness of the entire structure. The RBS connections were found to be 14% less sensitive to progressive collapse compared to the WUF-B ones.
    Keywords progressive collapse ; abnormal loads ; sudden column removal ; seismic connection detail ; energy-based approximate analysis ; structural robustness ; structural sensitivity ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 690 ; 621
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: High Throughput 3D Cell Migration Assay Using Micropillar/Microwell Chips

    Sang-Yun Lee / Lily M. Park / Yoo Jung Oh / Dong Hyuk Choi / Dong Woo Lee

    Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 16, p

    2022  Volume 5306

    Abstract: The 3D cell migration assay was developed for the evaluation of drugs that inhibit cell migration using high throughput methods. Wound-healing assays have commonly been used for cell migration assays. However, these assays have limitations in mimicking ... ...

    Abstract The 3D cell migration assay was developed for the evaluation of drugs that inhibit cell migration using high throughput methods. Wound-healing assays have commonly been used for cell migration assays. However, these assays have limitations in mimicking the in vivo microenvironment of the tumor and measuring cell viability for evaluation of cell migration inhibition without cell toxicity. As an attempt to manage these limitations, cells were encapsulated with Matrigel on the surface of the pillar, and an analysis of the morphology of cells attached to the pillar through Matrigel was performed for the measurement of cell migration. The micropillar/microwell chips contained 532 pillars and wells, which measure the migration and viability of cells by analyzing the roundness and size of the cells, respectively. Cells seeded in Matrigel have a spherical form. Over time, cells migrate through the Matrigel and attach to the surface of the pillar. Cells that have migrated and adhered have a diffused shape that is different from the initial spherical shape. Based on our analysis of the roundness of the cells, we were able to distinguish between the diffuse and spherical shapes. Cells in Matrigel on the pillar that were treated with migration-inhibiting drugs did not move to the surface of the pillar and remained in spherical forms. During the conduct of experiments, 70 drugs were tested in single chips and migration-inhibiting drugs without cell toxicity were identified. Conventional migration assays were performed using transwell for verification of the four main migration-inhibiting drugs found on the chip.
    Keywords migration assay ; invasion assay ; 3D cell culture ; high throughput screening (HTS) ; high contents screening (HCS) ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
    Subject code 500
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Erratum

    Dinesh Bharti / Si-Jung Jang / Sang-Yun Lee / Sung-Lim Lee / Gyu-Jin Rho

    Cells, Vol 9, Iss 1262, p

    Bharti D., et al. In Vitro Generation of Oocyte Like Cells and Their In Vivo Efficacy: How Far We have been Succeeded. Cells 2020, 9 , 557

    2020  Volume 1262

    Abstract: The wrong grant number was erroneously entered in the original manuscript and needs to be changed from NRF-2017R1D1A1B03035677 to NRF-2019R1I1A3A01060073 in [.] ...

    Abstract The wrong grant number was erroneously entered in the original manuscript and needs to be changed from NRF-2017R1D1A1B03035677 to NRF-2019R1I1A3A01060073 in [.]
    Keywords n/a ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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