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  1. Article ; Online: An Evolution of Reporting

    Sara Harsini / Salar Tofighi / Liesl Eibschutz / Brian Quinn / Ali Gholamrezanezhad

    Diagnostics, Vol 12, Iss 1761, p

    Identifying the Missing Link

    2022  Volume 1761

    Abstract: In recent years, radiologic imaging has undergone tremendous technological advances and is now a pillar of diagnostic and treatment algorithms in clinical medicine. The increased complexity and volume of medical imaging has led clinicians to become ever ... ...

    Abstract In recent years, radiologic imaging has undergone tremendous technological advances and is now a pillar of diagnostic and treatment algorithms in clinical medicine. The increased complexity and volume of medical imaging has led clinicians to become ever more reliant on radiologists to both identify and interpret patient studies. A radiologist’s report provides key insights into a patient’s immediate state of health, information that is vital when choosing the most appropriate next steps in management. As errors in imaging interpretation or miscommunication of results can greatly impair patient care, identifying common error sources is vital to minimizing their occurrence. Although mistakes in medical imaging are practically inevitable, changes to the delivery of imaging reporting and the addition of artificial intelligence algorithms to analyze clinicians’ communication skills can minimize the impact of these errors, keep up with the continuously evolving landscape of medical imaging, and ultimately close the communication gap.
    Keywords interprofessional communication ; interprofessional collaboration ; patient safety ; closed-loop reporting ; artificial intelligence ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Immunopathogenesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis

    Gholamreza Daryabor / Sara Harsini / Nima Rezaei

    Acta Medica Iranica, Vol 56, Iss

    An Updated Review

    2018  Volume 4

    Abstract: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory arthritis of unknown etiology, which belongs to a group of conditions known as spondyloarthropathies that comprises psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, and enteropathic arthritis. ...

    Abstract Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory arthritis of unknown etiology, which belongs to a group of conditions known as spondyloarthropathies that comprises psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, and enteropathic arthritis. AS causes pathologic new-bone formation in the axial skeleton, and leads to chronic pain, axial fusion, deformity, disability and skeletal fracture. Several genetic and environmental factors are known to be associated with AS. Notwithstanding the fact that a multitude of genes, such as human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27), endoplasmic reticulum-associated aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1), and interleukin-23 receptor (IL-23R) have been previously speculated to be associated with individuals’ susceptibility to AS, no consensus about their precise role in the etiopathogenesis of AS has been reached. In the present study, we summarize the current literature on the immunogenetics of AS and contemporize the research advancement that has been made over the past decade.
    Keywords Ankylosing spondylitis ; Immunogenetics ; Single nucleotide polymorphism ; Autoimmunity ; Arthritis ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Tehran University of Medical Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Head-to-Head Comparison of CZT-SPECT and SPECT/CT Myocardial Perfusion Imaging

    Forough Kalantari / Nasibeh Mohseninia / Andreas Wetsch / Sara Harsini / Lukas Hehenwarter / Gregor Schweighofer-Zwink / Nazanin Zamani-Siahkali / Gundula Rendl / Mohsen Beheshti / Christian Pirich

    Life, Vol 13, Iss 1879, p

    Interobserver and Intraobserver Agreement and Diagnostic Performance

    2023  Volume 1879

    Abstract: Background: Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) plays a crucial role in diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD), with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) being a widely accepted method. The accuracy of MPI relies on image quality and the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) plays a crucial role in diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD), with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) being a widely accepted method. The accuracy of MPI relies on image quality and the expertise of physicians. While CZT-SPECT cameras offer advantages, they can be susceptible to attenuation artifacts. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of CZT-SPECT and SPECT/CT in a clinical setting. Method: We conducted a prospective single-center study involving patients with known or suspected stable ischemic heart disease who underwent SPECT-MPI using CZT-SPECT and SPECT/CT scanners, and the latter was equipped with cardiofocal collimation. Experienced physicians performed analysis and reporting based on automated quantification and visual image interpretation. Results: A total of 77 patients (32 women (41.6%) and 45 men (58.4%) with an average age of 71.9 ± 8.9 years) were included. The agreement between readers regarding the final conclusion based on imaging reporting using both devices was very high (Kappa 0.87–0.93). Per-vessel analysis revealed a trend suggesting that CZT-SPECT was superior to conventional SPECT/CT in terms of sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy, although the difference did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that CZT-SPECT imaging offers comparable diagnostic accuracy, improved patient comfort, and eliminates CT-induced radiation compared to SPECT/CT. These findings suggest that cardiac CZT-SPECT imaging has the potential to become a valuable imaging modality in clinical practice.
    Keywords SPECT ; reproducibility ; coronary artery disease ; myocardial perfusion imaging ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Cytomegalovirus Infection in a Patient With Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Type 1

    Ahmad Bahrami / Mahnaz Sadeghian / Mehrdad Sheikhvatan / Arash Foroudi / Sara Harsini / Nima Rezaei

    Acta Medica Iranica, Vol 56, Iss

    2018  Volume 8

    Abstract: Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 (LAD-1) is a rare autosomal recessive immunodeficiency disorder, characterized by recurrent bacterial and fungal infections without pus formation. Herein, we report a case of LAD-1 that developed into gastrointestinal ...

    Abstract Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 (LAD-1) is a rare autosomal recessive immunodeficiency disorder, characterized by recurrent bacterial and fungal infections without pus formation. Herein, we report a case of LAD-1 that developed into gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease and manifested with persistent abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Although the presence of concurrent gastrointestinal CMV infection with LAD-1 is a rare condition, this case highlights the need for further research to evaluate the complex mechanisms between LAD-1 and CMV occurrence.
    Keywords Cytomegalovirus ; Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 ; Gastrointestinal tract ; Children ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Tehran University of Medical Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: A Single Center Survey of Patients With Congenital Neutropenia

    Mahnaz Sadeghi-Shabestari / Samaneh Dousti / Azim Rezamand / Sara Harsini / Nima Rezaei

    Acta Medica Iranica, Vol 56, Iss

    Report From Northwestern Iran

    2018  Volume 6

    Abstract: Neutropenia is characterized by a decrease in circulating neutrophil counts and consequent infections. The present study was performed so as to describe the clinical and laboratory findings of patients with congenital neutropenia in northwestern Iran. ... ...

    Abstract Neutropenia is characterized by a decrease in circulating neutrophil counts and consequent infections. The present study was performed so as to describe the clinical and laboratory findings of patients with congenital neutropenia in northwestern Iran. The patients' records of 31 patients with congenital neutropenia out of 280 neutropenic patients who had been referred to Tabriz Children's Hospital during a 3-year period (2011-2014), were reviewed. Thirty-one cases (17 female and 14 male), with a mean age of 5.3 ± 5.7 years, were diagnosed to suffer from congenital neutropenia. The disorders associated with congenital neutropenia were combined immunodeficiency (8 cases), severe congenital neutropenia (6 cases), common variable immunodeficiency (4 cases), severe combined immunodeficiency (2 cases) and metabolic syndrome (1 case). The median age of the onset of disease was 26.2 ± 60.8 months. The most common clinical manifestations during the course of illness were otitis media (13 cases), pneumonia (12 cases), recurrent aphthous stomatitis, lymphadenopathy and gingivitis (11 cases). Four neutropenic patients died because of recurrent infections. Neutropenia may occur in the context of the primary immunodeficiency disorders. Unusual, persistent or severe infections always pose a speculation to search for an underlying immunodeficiency syndrome and neutropenia, so as to avoid further life-threatening complications as a result of any delay in diagnosis.
    Keywords Neutropenia ; Immunologic deficiency syndromes ; Infection ; Iran ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Tehran University of Medical Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: A Prospective Study on [68Ga]-PSMA PET/CT Imaging in Newly Diagnosed Intermediate- and High-Risk Prostate Cancer

    Sara Harsini / Babak Fallahi / Najme Karamzade ziarati / Ali Razi / Erfan Amini / Alireza Emami Ardekani / Armaghan Fard Esfehani / Mehdi Kardoust Parizi / saeed farzanehfar / Davood Beiki

    Asia Oceania Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Biology, Vol 9, Iss 2, Pp 101-

    2021  Volume 110

    Abstract: Objective(s): Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligand positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is an emerging modality to detect metastatic disease in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). This prospective study aimed to evaluate ...

    Abstract Objective(s): Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligand positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is an emerging modality to detect metastatic disease in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). This prospective study aimed to evaluate the role of [68Ga]-PSMA PET/CT in the initial workup of intermediate and high-risk PCa .Methods: Twenty-five patients with newly transrectal ultrasound biopsy-proven, untreated intermediate- and high-risk PCa (mean age, 68.5±6.2 years; range 55–83 years) were enrolled in this prospective study between September 2018 and June 2020 and underwent a [68Ga]-PSMA PET/CT examination. All images were analyzed both visually and semiquantitatively by measuring the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the primary prostatic tumor and metastatic lesions. The diagnostic sensitivity of [68Ga]-PSMA PET/CT for the diagnosis of PCa was established by histopathology as the reference standard. The associations between SUVmax of the primary tumors and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, Gleason scores (GSs), and metastatic extent of the disease were studied.Results: All patients had a positive [68Ga]-PSMA PET/CT exam. Seventeen patients (58%) showed [68Ga]-PSMA avidity in both prostate lobes and 8 (32%) had unilateral uptake. SUVmax in the primary tumor significantly correlated with serum PSA values (r=0.57, P=0.003). PSMA PET/CT depicted regional lymph node metastases in 32% of patients, distant lymph node metastases in 20%, osseous metastases in 16% and pulmonary metastases in 8% of patients. Sixty percent of PSMA-positive bone metastases and 21.4% of intraprostatic tumoral lesions were missed on the contemporaneous bone scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging, respectively.Conclusion: [68Ga]-PSMA PET/CT shows promise as a valuable imaging modality with high diagnostic sensitivity in the setting of intermediate and high-risk PCa. Moreover, the SUVmax of the primary tumor has a positive correlation with PSA levels at the time of the scan.
    Keywords prostate cancer ; psma pet/ct ; primary staging ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: PDCD1 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Iranian Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

    Mahdi Mahmoudi / Alireza Rezaiemanesh / Sara Harsini / Arash Salmaninejad / Shiva Poursani / Tayyeb Bahrami / Vahid Ziaee / Nima Rezaei

    Acta Medica Iranica, Vol 55, Iss

    2018  Volume 11

    Abstract: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a clinically heterogeneous cluster of complex diseases, in which both the genetic and environmental factors seem to play a role in the development of the disease. The current study aims to assess the association of ... ...

    Abstract Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a clinically heterogeneous cluster of complex diseases, in which both the genetic and environmental factors seem to play a role in the development of the disease. The current study aims to assess the association of programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1, also called PD-1) gene variants with JIA vulnerability in Iranian population. In this case-control association study, we investigated a group of 50 Iranian patients with JIA in comparison with 202 healthy controls and evaluated the frequency of alleles, genotypes, and haplotypes of PDCD1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), comprising PD-1.1 G/A, PD-1.3 G/A and PD-1.9 C/T, using PCR-RFLP method. Both the allelic and genotype frequencies of PD-1.1, PD-1.3 and PD-1.9 were similar in two groups of patients and controls. Moreover, no significant difference was observed between the two groups of patients and controls for GGC (PD-1.1 G, PD-1.3 G, PD-1.9 C), GAC (PD-1.1 G, PD-1.3 A, PD-1.9 C), and AGT (PD-1.1 A, PD-1.3 G, PD-1.9 T) haplotypes. Our results did not show any association between PDCD1 SNPs and the development of JIA in Iranian population.
    Keywords PD-1 ; Single nucleotide polymorphism ; Juvenile idiopathic arthritis ; Children ; Autoimmunity ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Tehran University of Medical Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT Compared with 131I-MIBG SPECT/CT in the Evaluation of Neural Crest Tumors

    Pezhman Shahrokhi / Alireza Emami-Ardekani / Sara Harsini / Mohammad Eftekhari / Armaghan Fard Esfehani / Babak Fallahi / Najme Karamzade Ziarati / Mehdi Akhlaghi / Saeed Farzanefar / Davood Beiki / Amir Pejman Hashemi Taheri

    Asia Oceania Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Biology, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 8-

    2020  Volume 17

    Abstract: Objective(s): 68 Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) has shown promising results in imaging of neural crest tumors (NCT). Herein, we compared the performance of 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT and 131 I-MIBG single photon ... ...

    Abstract Objective(s): 68 Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) has shown promising results in imaging of neural crest tumors (NCT). Herein, we compared the performance of 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT and 131 I-MIBG single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT in the initial diagnosis, staging and follow-up of patients with NCTs. Methods: Twenty-five patients (males:females=8:17; age range=2–71 years) with clinically proven or suspicious neuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma (PCC) or paraganglioma (PGL) were enrolled in this prospective study and underwent both 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT and 131 I-MIBG SPECT/CT. A composite reference standard derived from histopathological information, together with anatomical and functional imaging findings, was used to validate the results. Imaging findings were assessed on a per-patient and on a per-lesion basis. Sensitivity and accuracy were assessed using McNemar’s test. R esults : Referring to radiological imaging and histopathological findings as reference standard, 68 Ga-DOTATATE and 131 I-MIBG scans showed a sensitivity and accuracy of (100%, 96%) and (86.7%, 88%), respectively, on a per-patient basis. In PCC/PGL patients, on a per-patient basis, the sensitivity of 68 Ga-DOTATATE was 100% and that of 131 I-MIBG was 77.8%. In neuroblastoma patients, on a per-patient basis, the sensitivities of both 68 Ga-DOTATATE and 131 I-MIBG were 100%. Overall, in this patient cohort, 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT identified 52 lesions and 131 I-MIBG SPECT/CT identified only 30 lesions. On a per-lesion analysis, 68 Ga-DOTATATE was found to be superior to 131 I-MIBG in detecting lesions in all anatomical locations, particularly osseous lesions. According to the McNemar test results, differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: This relatively small patient cohort suggests 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT be superior to 131 I-MIBG SPECT/CT in providing particularly valuable information for both primary staging and follow-up in patients with NCT.
    Keywords 68ga-dotatate ; 131i-mibg ; pet/ct ; neural crest tumors ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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