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  1. Article ; Online: Internal carotid artery thrombosis and its evolution documented by computed tomography angiography

    Silvia Olivato / Giulia Turri / Sara Mazzucco / Giancarlo Mansueto

    Clinics and Practice, Vol 1, Iss

    2011  Volume 4

    Abstract: A case of a 79-year-old man, affected by persistent right eye blindness after multiple episodes of transient left hemiparesis and right eye amaurosis. Brain computed tomography (Angio CT) well documented right internal carotid artery (ICA) plaque with a ... ...

    Abstract A case of a 79-year-old man, affected by persistent right eye blindness after multiple episodes of transient left hemiparesis and right eye amaurosis. Brain computed tomography (Angio CT) well documented right internal carotid artery (ICA) plaque with a 8-mm thrombus extending from ICA origin to the ophthalmic artery, in progressive lysis in the next days.
    Keywords stroke ; visual loss ; angioCT ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: A typical example of cerebral watershed infarct

    Ina Juergenson / Sara Mazzucco / Michele Tinazzi

    Clinics and Practice, Vol 1, Iss

    2011  Volume 4

    Abstract: Watershed infarcts (WI) evolve in hemodynamic risk zones. Clinical picture of WI can be associated to partial epileptic seizures. Diffusion weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows a clear diagnosis. WI pathogenesis involves either embolic ... ...

    Abstract Watershed infarcts (WI) evolve in hemodynamic risk zones. Clinical picture of WI can be associated to partial epileptic seizures. Diffusion weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows a clear diagnosis. WI pathogenesis involves either embolic or hemodynamic mechanism. A 69-year old patient presented with sub-acute occurrence of right hemiparesis and partial epileptic seizures of the right arm. Carotid ultrasounds demonstrated occlusion of the right extra-cranial internal carotid artery (ICA) and tight stenosis of the contralateral ICA. Brain Diffusion-Weighted magnetic resonance revealed acute ischemic lesions within the watershed area of the left hemisphere. Our case supports the hypothesis of impaired washout of emboli in low-perfusion brain areas as the mechanism underlying cortical WI.
    Keywords watershed infarct ; carotid atherosclerosis ; carotid ultrasounds ; Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article: Correlations between gene expression highlight a different activation of ACE/TLR4/PTGS2 signaling in symptomatic and asymptomatic plaques in atherosclerotic patients

    Ferronato, Silvia / Alberto Scuro / Alberto Turco / Giovanni Malerba / Macarena Gomez-Lira / Maria Grazia Romanelli / Orlandi Elisa / Sara Mazzucco / Silvia Olivato

    Molecular biology reports. 2018 Aug., v. 45, no. 4

    2018  

    Abstract: Inflammation has a key role and translates the effects of many known risk factors for the disease in atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques. Aiming to look into the elements that induce the development of either a vulnerable or stable atherosclerotic plaque, ...

    Abstract Inflammation has a key role and translates the effects of many known risk factors for the disease in atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques. Aiming to look into the elements that induce the development of either a vulnerable or stable atherosclerotic plaque, and considering that inflammation has a central role in the progression of lesions, we analyzed the expression of genes involved in the ACE/TLR4/PTGS2 signaling in carotid plaques of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Patients with internal carotid artery stenosis undergoing carotid endarterectomy at Verona University Hospital were included in this study. A total of 71 patients was considered for gene expression analysis (29 atherothrombotic stroke patients and 42 asymptomatic patients). Total RNA was extracted from the excised plaques and expression of PTGS2, ACE, TLR4, PTGER4, PTGER3, EPRAP and ACSL4 genes was analyzed by real-time PCR. The correlation between the pair of genes was studied by Spearman coefficient. From the analyzed genes, we did not observe any individual difference in gene expression but the network of co-expressed genes suggests a different activation of pathways in the two groups of plaques.
    Keywords carotid arteries ; gene expression ; genes ; hospitals ; inflammation ; patients ; quantitative polymerase chain reaction ; risk factors ; RNA ; stroke ; Toll-like receptor 4
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-08
    Size p. 657-662.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 186544-4
    ISSN 1573-4978 ; 0301-4851
    ISSN (online) 1573-4978
    ISSN 0301-4851
    DOI 10.1007/s11033-018-4207-7
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Intensive insulin therapy increases glutathione synthesis rate in surgical ICU patients with stress hyperglycemia.

    Gianni Biolo / Benedetta Massolino / Filippo Giorgio Di Girolamo / Nicola Fiotti / Filippo Mearelli / Sara Mazzucco / Carlos Bertuzzi / Renzo Lazzarini / Alfonso Colombatti / Marcello De Cicco

    PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 1, p e

    2018  Volume 0190291

    Abstract: The glutathione system plays an essential role in antioxidant defense after surgery. We assessed the effects of intensive insulin treatment (IIT) on glutathione synthesis rate and redox balance in cancer patients, who had developed stress hyperglycemia ... ...

    Abstract The glutathione system plays an essential role in antioxidant defense after surgery. We assessed the effects of intensive insulin treatment (IIT) on glutathione synthesis rate and redox balance in cancer patients, who had developed stress hyperglycemia after major surgery.We evaluated 10 non-diabetic cancer patients the day after radical abdominal surgery combined with intra-operative radiation therapy. In each patient, a 24-hr period of IIT, aimed at tight euglycemic control, was preceded, or followed, by a 24-hr period of conventional insulin treatment (CIT) (control regimen). Insulin was administered for 24 hours, during total parenteral nutrition, at a dosage to maintain a moderate hyperglycemia in CIT, and normoglycemic blood glucose levels in IIT (9.3±0.5 vs 6.5±0.3 mmol/L respectively, P<0.001; coefficient of variation, 9.7±1.4 and 10.5±1.1%, P = 0.43). No hypoglycemia (i.e., blood glucose < 3.9 mmol/L) was observed in any of the patients. Insulin treatments were performed on the first and second day after surgery, in randomized order, according to a crossover experimental design. Plasma concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and erythrocyte glutathione synthesis rates (EGSR), measured by primed-constant infusion of L-[2H2]cysteine, were assessed at the end of each 24-hr period of either IIT or CIT.Compared to CIT, IIT was associated with higher EGSR (2.70±0.51 versus 1.18±0.29 mmol/L/day, p = 0.01) and lower (p = 0.04) plasma TBARS concentrations (2.2±0.2 versus 2.9±0.4 nmol/L).In patients developing stress hyperglycemia after major surgery, IIT, in absence of hypoglycemia, stimulates erythrocyte glutathione synthesis, while decreasing oxidative stress.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: Roasting intensity of naturally low-caffeine Laurina coffee modulates glucose metabolism and redox balance in humans

    Di Girolamo, Filippo Giorgio / Ana Petelin / Gianni Biolo / Luciano Navarini / Marcello Tence / Nina Mohorko / Rado Pišot / Roberta Situlin / Sara Mazzucco / Zala Jenko-Pražnikar

    Nutrition. 2016 Sept., v. 32, no. 9

    2016  

    Abstract: Coffee consumption is negatively associated with risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular mortality. Coffee roasting can greatly modify the quality-quantitative characteristics of bioactive compounds. We compared the effects of two different roasting ... ...

    Abstract Coffee consumption is negatively associated with risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular mortality. Coffee roasting can greatly modify the quality-quantitative characteristics of bioactive compounds. We compared the effects of two different roasting intensities of the same naturally low-caffeine Arabica coffee variety (Laurina) on glucose and lipid metabolism as well as oxidative stress.We performed a double-blind, crossover intervention study. Fourteen healthy male volunteers consumed four cups daily of light roasted coffee (LRC) and dark roasted coffee (DRC), each for 1 wk (intervention period 1 and 2 respectively). One wk washout, with total abstinence from coffee and other possible caffeine sources, preceded each intervention. Data were collected at the end of washout and intervention periods.Changes between washout and intervention periods in glucose concentrations at 2 h post–oral glucose tolerance test, were significantly lower after DRC than LRC intake (−0.6 ± 0.3 and 0.4 ± 0.3 mmol/L, P < 0.03). Changes in β-cell function, assessed as insulin secretion-sensitivity index-2, were significantly greater after DRC than LRC (34.7 ± 25.0 and −18.8 ± 21.0, P = 0.03). The initial (30 min) post–oral glucose tolerance test area under the curve of glucagon-like peptide-1 was 24± 9% greater (P = 0.03) after DRC than LRC. LRC or DRC did not affect insulin sensitivity. Changes from basal of reduced-to-oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG) in erythrocytes were significantly greater after DRC than LRC (+1437 ± 371 and −152 ± 30, P < 0.05). The omega-3 index in erythrocyte membranes was 16± 4% greater (P < 0.001) after DRC than LRC.DRC consumption improved postload glucose metabolism by increasing incretin and insulin secretions. DRC compared to LRC improved redox balance and increased omega-3 fatty acids. Thus, we suggest greater metabolic benefits related to DRC.
    Keywords bioactive compounds ; caffeine ; Coffea arabica ; erythrocyte membrane ; erythrocytes ; glucagon-like peptide 1 ; glucose ; glucose tolerance tests ; glutathione ; insulin ; insulin resistance ; islets of Langerhans ; lipid metabolism ; males ; mortality ; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; nutrition risk assessment ; omega-3 fatty acids ; roasting ; secretin
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-09
    Size p. 928-936.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 639259-3
    ISSN 1873-1244 ; 0899-9007
    ISSN (online) 1873-1244
    ISSN 0899-9007
    DOI 10.1016/j.nut.2016.02.001
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: Anabolic resistance assessed by oral stable isotope ingestion following bed rest in young and older adult volunteers: Relationships with changes in muscle mass

    Biolo, Gianni / Rado Pišot / Sara Mazzucco / Filippo Giorgio Di Girolamo / Roberta Situlin / Stefano Lazzer / Bruno Grassi / Carlo Reggiani / Angelina Passaro / Joern Rittweger / Mladen Gasparini / Boštjan Šimunič / Marco Narici

    Clinical nutrition. 2017 Oct., v. 36

    2017  

    Abstract: Aging and experimental bed rest are associated with muscle atrophy and resistance to post-prandial stimulation of protein synthesis or anabolic resistance (AR). We have used in young and older adult volunteers, during short-term bed rest, a quick and non- ...

    Abstract Aging and experimental bed rest are associated with muscle atrophy and resistance to post-prandial stimulation of protein synthesis or anabolic resistance (AR). We have used in young and older adult volunteers, during short-term bed rest, a quick and non-invasive method, based on a single oral bolus of the stable isotope L[ring-2H5]phenylalanine (D5Phe), to determine post-prandial AR, defined as ratio between irreversible hydroxylation and incorporation into body protein of ingested phenylalanine.We compared in older (O, 59 ± 1 y) and young (Y, 23 ± 1 y) healthy male volunteers the effects of two-week bed rest on post-prandial protein kinetics, assessed during absorption of a standard ready-to-use oral nutritional supplement, through stable-labeled isotope amino acid D5Phe, diluted in water, given as single oral load. The metabolic fate of D5Phe is either utilization for protein synthesis or irreversible hydroxylation to L[ring-2H4]tyrosine (D4Tyr). AR was defined as ratio between the areas under the curves of D4Tyr-to-D5Phe plasma concentrations over 6 h meal absorption. To determine the relationships between AR and muscle changes following bed rest, quadriceps muscle volume (QMV) was determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).At baseline, in pooled Y and O subjects, values of AR were inversely correlated with QMV (R = −0.75; p < 0.03). Following 2-weeks of inactivity, there were significant bed rest effects on AR (p < 0.01) and QMV (p < 0.03), as well as significant bed rest × group interaction for AR (p < 0.03; +9.2% in Y; +21.9% in O) and QMV (p < 0.05; −5.7% in Y; −%7.3 in O). In pooled subjects, the percentage delta changes in AR and QMV, induced by bed rest, were inversely correlated (R = −0.57; p < 0.05).Bed rest-induced AR is much greater in the older than in younger adults. We have developed a new, simple, non-invasive method for the assessment of AR. The results indicate that this metabolic abnormality is a key mechanism for sarcopenia of aging and inactivity.
    Keywords absorption ; group behavior ; hydroxylation ; ingestion ; magnetic resonance imaging ; males ; muscles ; phenylalanine ; protein synthesis ; sarcopenia ; stable isotopes ; tyrosine
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-10
    Size p. 1420-1426.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 604812-2
    ISSN 1532-1983 ; 0261-5614
    ISSN (online) 1532-1983
    ISSN 0261-5614
    DOI 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.09.019
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Transcriptional programming of lipid and amino acid metabolism by the skeletal muscle circadian clock.

    Kenneth Allen Dyar / Michaël Jean Hubert / Ashfaq Ali Mir / Stefano Ciciliot / Dominik Lutter / Franziska Greulich / Fabiana Quagliarini / Maximilian Kleinert / Katrin Fischer / Thomas Oliver Eichmann / Lauren Emily Wright / Marcia Ivonne Peña Paz / Alberto Casarin / Vanessa Pertegato / Vanina Romanello / Mattia Albiero / Sara Mazzucco / Rosario Rizzuto / Leonardo Salviati /
    Gianni Biolo / Bert Blaauw / Stefano Schiaffino / N Henriette Uhlenhaut

    PLoS Biology, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e

    2018  Volume 2005886

    Abstract: Circadian clocks are fundamental physiological regulators of energy homeostasis, but direct transcriptional targets of the muscle clock machinery are unknown. To understand how the muscle clock directs rhythmic metabolism, we determined genome-wide ... ...

    Abstract Circadian clocks are fundamental physiological regulators of energy homeostasis, but direct transcriptional targets of the muscle clock machinery are unknown. To understand how the muscle clock directs rhythmic metabolism, we determined genome-wide binding of the master clock regulators brain and muscle ARNT-like protein 1 (BMAL1) and REV-ERBα in murine muscles. Integrating occupancy with 24-hr gene expression and metabolomics after muscle-specific loss of BMAL1 and REV-ERBα, here we unravel novel molecular mechanisms connecting muscle clock function to daily cycles of lipid and protein metabolism. Validating BMAL1 and REV-ERBα targets using luciferase assays and in vivo rescue, we demonstrate how a major role of the muscle clock is to promote diurnal cycles of neutral lipid storage while coordinately inhibiting lipid and protein catabolism prior to awakening. This occurs by BMAL1-dependent activation of Dgat2 and REV-ERBα-dependent repression of major targets involved in lipid metabolism and protein turnover (MuRF-1, Atrogin-1). Accordingly, muscle-specific loss of BMAL1 is associated with metabolic inefficiency, impaired muscle triglyceride biosynthesis, and accumulation of bioactive lipids and amino acids. Taken together, our data provide a comprehensive overview of how genomic binding of BMAL1 and REV-ERBα is related to temporal changes in gene expression and metabolite fluctuations.
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: Inverse relationship between “a body shape index” (ABSI) and fat-free mass in women and men: Insights into mechanisms of sarcopenic obesity

    Biolo, Gianni / Ana Petelin / Andrea Breglia / Filippo Giorgio Di Girolamo / Gabriele Toigo / Lucio Lucchin / Massimiliano Chiuc / Mihaela Jurdana / Pierandrea Vinci / Roberta Situlin / Sara Mazzucco / Valeria Baglio / Zala J. Pražnikar

    Clinical nutrition. 2014,

    2014  

    Abstract: Sarcopenic obesity may be defined by a high fat to fat-free mass (FM/FFM) ratio. Skeletal muscle may be negatively influenced by the pro-inflammatory milieu associated with visceral fat, while the loading effect induced by a heavier body mass index (BMI) ...

    Abstract Sarcopenic obesity may be defined by a high fat to fat-free mass (FM/FFM) ratio. Skeletal muscle may be negatively influenced by the pro-inflammatory milieu associated with visceral fat, while the loading effect induced by a heavier body mass index (BMI) may enhance muscle anabolism. Recently, a new anthropometric measure based on waist circumference (A Body Shape Index, ABSI) was developed. In this study we have assessed the predictive power of ABSI on the FFM index (FFMI), a surrogate marker of lean mass.Standard anthropometric parameters and ABSI as well as body composition data (fat and fat-free mass determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis) were assessed in 111 female and 89 male overweight/obese subjects, with no clinically significant co-morbidities. Groups with higher- or lower-ABSI were identified according to median values of this index.In women and men, ABSI did not correlate with BMI, while multiple linear regression indicated that BMI (β-coefficients: 0.62 and 0.77, respectively) and ABSI (β-coefficients: −0.26 and −0.22, respectively) independently predicted FFMI (multiple R: 0.72 and 0.83, respectively, P < 0.001). Men and women with lower-ABSI exhibited significantly greater FFMI than the higher-ABSI groups for comparable values of BMI. In men, ABSI was correlated positively with C-reactive protein (CRP) (R = 0.30; P < 0.05) and negatively with the reciprocal of insulin (R = 0.28; P < 0.05), an index of insulin sensitivity. FM/FFM ratio significantly (P < 0.01) correlated with CRP (R = 0.31) in women only.ABSI, a recently introduced marker of abdominal adiposity, may contribute to define the risk of sarcopenia in overweight/obese individuals.
    Keywords abdominal fat ; bioelectrical impedance ; body mass index ; C-reactive protein ; females ; insulin ; insulin resistance ; lean body mass ; males ; men ; metabolism ; muscles ; obesity ; regression analysis ; sarcopenia ; skeletal muscle ; visceral fat ; waist circumference ; women
    Language English
    Size p. .
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 604812-2
    ISSN 1532-1983 ; 0261-5614
    ISSN (online) 1532-1983
    ISSN 0261-5614
    DOI 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.03.015
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Computational identification of phospho-tyrosine sub-networks related to acanthocyte generation in neuroacanthocytosis.

    Lucia De Franceschi / Giovanni Scardoni / Carlo Tomelleri / Adrian Danek / Ruth H Walker / Hans H Jung / Benedikt Bader / Sara Mazzucco / Maria Teresa Dotti / Angela Siciliano / Antonella Pantaleo / Carlo Laudanna

    PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 2, p e

    2012  Volume 31015

    Abstract: Acanthocytes, abnormal thorny red blood cells (RBC), are one of the biological hallmarks of neuroacanthocytosis syndromes (NA), a group of rare hereditary neurodegenerative disorders. Since RBCs are easily accessible, the study of acanthocytes in NA may ... ...

    Abstract Acanthocytes, abnormal thorny red blood cells (RBC), are one of the biological hallmarks of neuroacanthocytosis syndromes (NA), a group of rare hereditary neurodegenerative disorders. Since RBCs are easily accessible, the study of acanthocytes in NA may provide insights into potential mechanisms of neurodegeneration. Previous studies have shown that changes in RBC membrane protein phosphorylation state affect RBC membrane mechanical stability and morphology. Here, we coupled tyrosine-phosphoproteomic analysis to topological network analysis. We aimed to predict signaling sub-networks possibly involved in the generation of acanthocytes in patients affected by the two core NA disorders, namely McLeod syndrome (MLS, XK-related, Xk protein) and chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc, VPS13A-related, chorein protein). The experimentally determined phosphoproteomic data-sets allowed us to relate the subsequent network analysis to the pathogenetic background. To reduce the network complexity, we combined several algorithms of topological network analysis including cluster determination by shortest path analysis, protein categorization based on centrality indexes, along with annotation-based node filtering. We first identified XK- and VPS13A-related protein-protein interaction networks by identifying all the interactomic shortest paths linking Xk and chorein to the corresponding set of proteins whose tyrosine phosphorylation was altered in patients. These networks include the most likely paths of functional influence of Xk and chorein on phosphorylated proteins. We further refined the analysis by extracting restricted sets of highly interacting signaling proteins representing a common molecular background bridging the generation of acanthocytes in MLS and ChAc. The final analysis pointed to a novel, very restricted, signaling module of 14 highly interconnected kinases, whose alteration is possibly involved in generation of acanthocytes in MLS and ChAc.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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