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  1. Article ; Online: On Shannon entropy and its applications

    Saraiva, Paulo

    Kuwait Journal of Science. 2023 July, v. 50, no. 3 p.194-199

    2023  

    Abstract: A brief and intuitive introduction to Shannon entropy is presented, including some of its properties. The application of this measure is exemplified in two different contexts from what was in its genesis: biological diversity and an original study on ... ...

    Abstract A brief and intuitive introduction to Shannon entropy is presented, including some of its properties. The application of this measure is exemplified in two different contexts from what was in its genesis: biological diversity and an original study on student migration.
    Keywords biodiversity ; entropy ; Kuwait ; Biological diversity ; Information theory ; Maximum entropy ; Population migration ; Shannon entropy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-07
    Size p. 194-199.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Pre-press version ; Resource is Open Access ; Consyn License Information ; Use and reproduction
    ZDB-ID 2775842-4
    ISSN 2307-4116 ; 2307-4108
    ISSN (online) 2307-4116
    ISSN 2307-4108
    DOI 10.1016/j.kjs.2023.05.004
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Book ; Online: Equações de diferenças: introdução teórica e aplicações

    Saraiva, Paulo / Murteira, José

    2013  

    Abstract: O presente livro constitui uma primeira introdução, em contexto de ensino universitário, ao cálculo de equações de diferenças, tema que, em certa medida, assumiu crescente relevo como resultado do incremento das capacidades computacionais. De facto, ... ...

    Abstract O presente livro constitui uma primeira introdução, em contexto de ensino universitário, ao cálculo de equações de diferenças, tema que, em certa medida, assumiu crescente relevo como resultado do incremento das capacidades computacionais. De facto, estas permitiram não só um desenvolvimento da investigação matemática nesta área do cálculo, mas também uma generalização da aplicação das equações de diferenças como ferramenta de modelização nas mais diversas áreas, desde a Economia e as Finanças
    Size 1 electronic resource (138 pages)
    Publisher Coimbra University Press
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT020589164
    ISBN 9789892606422 ; 9892606426
    DOI 10.14195/978-989-26-0643-9
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  3. Article: Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines: Evidence from the First-Year Rollout of Vaccination Programs.

    Antonio, Nuno / Rita, Paulo / Saraiva, Pedro

    Vaccines

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 3

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has raised a number of new realities, sets of data, and opportunities for data-driven approaches, decisions, and conclusions. One particular area for which developments and data have been made available in record time is related to ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has raised a number of new realities, sets of data, and opportunities for data-driven approaches, decisions, and conclusions. One particular area for which developments and data have been made available in record time is related to vaccines and their impacts on health conditions and saving lives. In this article, we use public domain information to study the prevalence of vaccines in different countries and how they can save lives. We conclude that there are different clusters of countries, for some of which solid statistical models were built, and show that vaccination rates provide significant contributions to saving lives in such countries, with impacts that can be computed by simulations based upon these models.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703319-3
    ISSN 2076-393X
    ISSN 2076-393X
    DOI 10.3390/vaccines10030409
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Optic pathways and brainstem involvement in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.

    Rodrigues, Sofia Grenho / Saraiva, Paulo / Marques, Inês Brás

    BMJ case reports

    2021  Volume 14, Issue 1

    Abstract: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological syndrome manifesting with acute focal signs, and concomitant neuroimaging findings of vasogenic oedema. It affects the parieto-occipital regions in a vast majority of cases, although ... ...

    Abstract Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological syndrome manifesting with acute focal signs, and concomitant neuroimaging findings of vasogenic oedema. It affects the parieto-occipital regions in a vast majority of cases, although atypical variants have been described comprising the brainstem, basal ganglia or spinal cord. We report the case of a 41-year-old woman, admitted for persistent headache and inferior altitudinal field defect in the right eye. She presented with severe, non-medicated, hypertension. Brain MRI showed findings compatible with atypical PRES, involving the brainstem and optic pathways. With antihypertensive therapy the headache remitted, although visual field remained and was interpreted in the context of a vascular aetiology-non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy. MRI was repeated 3 weeks later and showed almost complete reversal of the previous changes.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Brain Stem/diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Optic Tract/diagnostic imaging ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome/complications ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome/diagnosis ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ISSN 1757-790X
    ISSN (online) 1757-790X
    DOI 10.1136/bcr-2020-239130
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Group recommender systems for tourism: how does personality predict preferences for attractions, travel motivations, preferences and concerns?

    Alves, Patrícia / Martins, Helena / Saraiva, Pedro / Carneiro, João / Novais, Paulo / Marreiros, Goreti

    User modeling and user-adapted interaction

    2023  , Page(s) 1–70

    Abstract: To travel in leisure is an emotional experience, and therefore, the more the information about the tourist is known, the more the personalized recommendations of places and attractions can be made. But if to provide recommendations to a tourist is ... ...

    Abstract To travel in leisure is an emotional experience, and therefore, the more the information about the tourist is known, the more the personalized recommendations of places and attractions can be made. But if to provide recommendations to a tourist is complex, to provide them to a group is even more. The emergence of personality computing and personality-aware recommender systems (RS) brought a new solution for the cold-start problem inherent to the conventional RS and can be the leverage needed to solve conflicting preferences in heterogenous groups and to make more precise and personalized recommendations to tourists, as it has been evidenced that personality is strongly related to preferences in many domains, including tourism. Although many studies on psychology of tourism can be found, not many predict the tourists' preferences based on the Big Five personality dimensions. This work aims to find how personality relates to the choice of a wide range of tourist attractions, traveling motivations, and travel-related preferences and concerns, hoping to provide a solid base for researchers in the tourism RS area to automatically model tourists in the system without the need for tedious configurations, and solve the cold-start problem and conflicting preferences. By performing Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis on the data gathered from an online questionnaire, sent to Portuguese individuals from different areas of formation and age groups (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1475734-5
    ISSN 1573-1391 ; 0924-1868
    ISSN (online) 1573-1391
    ISSN 0924-1868
    DOI 10.1007/s11257-023-09361-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Nannochloropsis

    Ribeiro, Cláudia / Santos, Edgar T / Costa, Luís / Brazinha, Carla / Saraiva, Pedro / Crespo, João G

    Membranes

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 4

    Abstract: This work proposes a way to maximize the potential of ... ...

    Abstract This work proposes a way to maximize the potential of a
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2614641-1
    ISSN 2077-0375
    ISSN 2077-0375
    DOI 10.3390/membranes12040401
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: What is the evidence for the effect of physical exercise on bone health in menopausal women? An umbrella systematic review.

    Fausto, D Y / Martins, J B B / Machado, A C / Saraiva, P S / Pelegrini, A / Guimarães, A C A

    Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society

    2023  Volume 26, Issue 6, Page(s) 550–559

    Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the effects of physical exercise (PE) on bone health in menopausal women through an umbrella review and to assess the quality of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) included. The review was registered in PROSPERO ( ...

    Abstract This study aimed to analyze the effects of physical exercise (PE) on bone health in menopausal women through an umbrella review and to assess the quality of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) included. The review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020208130) and the Rayyan application was used. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated by A MeaSurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR), and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was applied to assess the level of evidence of the results. The results showed that low-intensity jumping exercises with longer sessions proved to be efficient in the hip segment. Swimming requires further investigation, as it showed high heterogeneity. Aerobic and resistance exercises showed inconsistent results, requiring further studies with these modalities of PE. Concurrent training showed improvements in the lumbar spine, femoral neck, Ward's triangle and trochanter. Finally, combined resistance exercises are effective in preserving bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral neck and lumbar spine in postmenopausal women. In conclusion, jumping exercises were efficient in the hip, while aerobic and resistance exercises are still inconsistent. Concurrent training showed improvements in BMD of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, Ward's triangle and trochanter. Finally, combined resistance protocols are effective in preserving BMD of the femoral neck and lumbar spine in postmenopausal women.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Bone Density ; Exercise ; Femur Neck ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Menopause ; Systematic Reviews as Topic ; Meta-Analysis as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1469153-x
    ISSN 1473-0804 ; 1369-7137
    ISSN (online) 1473-0804
    ISSN 1369-7137
    DOI 10.1080/13697137.2023.2249819
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: CT and MR imaging of orbital inflammation.

    Ferreira, Teresa A / Saraiva, P / Genders, S W / Buchem, M V / Luyten, G P M / Beenakker, J-W

    Neuroradiology

    2018  Volume 60, Issue 12, Page(s) 1253–1266

    Abstract: Purpose: Orbital inflammation can be idiopathic or in the context of a specific disease and it can involve different anatomical orbital structures. On imaging, inflammatory disease is frequently mistaken for infection and malignant tumors, and its ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Orbital inflammation can be idiopathic or in the context of a specific disease and it can involve different anatomical orbital structures. On imaging, inflammatory disease is frequently mistaken for infection and malignant tumors, and its underlying cause is often not determined. Through this article we aim to improve orbital inflammation diagnosis and underlying inflammatory diseases recognition.
    Methods: The imaging protocols and characteristics of orbital inflammation were reviewed.
    Results: A decision tree for the evaluation of these patients is provided. First, a combination of clinical and radiological clues is used to recognize inflammation, in particular to differentiate it both from orbital infection and tumor. Subsequently, different radiological patterns are recognized, often allowing the differentiation of the several orbital inflammatory diseases.
    Conclusion: The use of adequate imaging protocols and subsequent evaluation allow the recognition of an orbital lesion as inflammatory and the diagnosis of the underlying inflammatory disease. All in all, a proper treatment can be established, and at times, a biopsy can be avoided.
    MeSH term(s) Decision Trees ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Inflammation/diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Orbital Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-11
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 123305-1
    ISSN 1432-1920 ; 0028-3940
    ISSN (online) 1432-1920
    ISSN 0028-3940
    DOI 10.1007/s00234-018-2103-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Spontaneous isolated non-haemorrhagic thrombosis in a child with development venous anomaly: case report and review of the literature.

    Vieira Santos, A / Saraiva, P

    Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery

    2006  Volume 22, Issue 12, Page(s) 1631–1633

    Abstract: Introduction: The natural history of developmental venous anomalies (DVAs) is said to be relatively benign.: Case report: We herein report the clinical case of a 9-year-old female child with sudden right hemiparesis. An ischaemic infarct secondary to ...

    Abstract Introduction: The natural history of developmental venous anomalies (DVAs) is said to be relatively benign.
    Case report: We herein report the clinical case of a 9-year-old female child with sudden right hemiparesis. An ischaemic infarct secondary to an isolated spontaneous thrombosis of a DVA was diagnosed by brain magnetic resonance imaging, further confirmed by digital subtraction angiography.
    Conclusion: Considering the therapeutic options, early diagnosis is mandatory.
    MeSH term(s) Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cerebral Infarction/diagnostic imaging ; Cerebral Infarction/etiology ; Cerebral Infarction/pathology ; Cerebral Veins/abnormalities ; Cerebral Veins/diagnostic imaging ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Thrombosis/complications ; Intracranial Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging ; Intracranial Thrombosis/pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Paresis/diagnostic imaging ; Paresis/etiology ; Paresis/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-12
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 605988-0
    ISSN 1433-0350 ; 0256-7040 ; 0302-2803
    ISSN (online) 1433-0350
    ISSN 0256-7040 ; 0302-2803
    DOI 10.1007/s00381-006-0159-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: PDA Reference Services @ the Library

    Saraiva, Paula

    GMS Medizin - Bibliothek - Information

    2008  Volume 8, Issue 2, Page(s) 13

    Abstract: Die Benutzer von Medizinbibliotheken haben einen zunehmenden Bedarf an genauer, aktueller, evidenzbasierter und mobiler Information in ihrem klinischen Arbeitsalltag. Die Forderung nach weniger Diagnosefehlern, mehr Zeiteffizienz und optimaler ... ...

    Title translation PDA-Informationsquellen aus der Bibliothek
    Abstract Die Benutzer von Medizinbibliotheken haben einen zunehmenden Bedarf an genauer, aktueller, evidenzbasierter und mobiler Information in ihrem klinischen Arbeitsalltag. Die Forderung nach weniger Diagnosefehlern, mehr Zeiteffizienz und optimaler Patientenbehandlung entwickelt sich zu einem echten Problem für diese Berufsgruppe im Gesundheitswesen. Oftmals wünschen sie sich desshalb eine mobile Bibliothek, die rund um die Uhr offen hat. Der Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) wurde im Umfeld der Medizinbibliotheken schon erfolgreich eingeführt. Er gibt den Benutzern die Möglichkeit, die aktuellste wissenschaftliche Information buchstäblich in der Hand zu haben.
    Die durchgeführte Studie beschäfftigt sich haupsächlich mit der Implementierung von Informations- und Nachschlagequellen für die Installation am PDA durch Medizinbibliotheken. Damit kann den Professionisten im Gesundheitsbereich mehr Autonomie bei der Arbeit am Krankenbett zugesichert werden. Die Studie sollte auch feststellen, wieweit in den europäische Medizinbibliotheken die Chancen, Mittel und Möglichkeit von PDA-basierten Serviceleistungen bereits bekannt sind, um letztendlich den oben genannten, neuen Bedürfnissen der Bibliotheksbenutzer zu entsprechen.
    Die Studie wurde mit Online-Fragebögen an portugiesischen und europäischen Medizinbibliotheken durchgeführt. Weiters wurden Interviews mit ausgewählten Gesundheitsexperten durchgeführt, die auch selbst den PDA in der Medizin verwenden. Die Studie kommt zum Schluss, dass die Verwendung des PDAs die Zukunft in der Medizin sein wird. Damit wird es eine wichtige neue Aufgabe für Medizinbibliotheken sein Dienstleistungen für Mobilgeräte anzubieten, um ihren Benutzern weiterhin ein exzellentes Service zu bieten.

    There is an increasing need felt by the health library users for obtaining accurate, up to date, evidence-based and mobile scientific information in their daily clinical practice.
    The need to reduce diagnostic errors, save time and achieve the best decision-making for their patients, has became a serious problem to this group of health professionals, claiming more often to have close to them, a portable library open 24 hours a day.
    Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) have been successfully introduced into the health libraries environment and give the users the opportunity to have the most recent and scientific information “in the palm of their hands”. The main objective of this study was to contribute to the implementation of user reference services based in PDAs, in Health Libraries in order to guarantee our health professional users, autonomy and mobility in their work places near the patients. We aim to know, if the European Health Libraries, are fully aware of the strengths and power of these new type of PDA-based services, giving them the chance to offer the adjusted help to this new user needs. The methodology used is based on online surveys, submitted to Portuguese and European Health Libraries, and by interviews conducted with a group of selected health expert PDA users in medicine. We concluded that using PDAs is the future in medicine and the new mission of health libraries is to offer services based on mobile technologies such as PDAs, if they want to serve their users with excellence.
    Keywords Medizin, Gesundheit ; PDA ; Personal Digital Assistant ; handheld computer ; Palm ; PocketPC ; mobile library ; electronic medical information ; medical informatics ; mobile health technology ; health libraries survey ; PDA ; Personal Digital Assistant ; Palm ; PocketPC ; mobile Bibliothek ; elektronische Gesundheitsinformation ; Medizininformatik ; mobile Medizintechnik ; Umfrage an Medizinbibliotheken
    Publishing date 2008-09-17
    Publisher German Medical Science GMS Publishing House; Düsseldorf
    Document type Article ; Online
    ISSN 1865-066X
    ISSN (online) 1865-066X
    Database German Medical Science

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