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Article ; Online: Affibody Functionalized Beads for the Highly Sensitive Detection of Cancer Cell-Derived Exosomes

Nima Sayyadi / Sareh Zhand / Sajad Razavi Bazaz / Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12014, p

2021 Volume 12014

Abstract: Exosomes belong to the class of extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin, which are regarded as a promising source of cancer biomarkers in liquid biopsy. As a result, an accurate, sensitive, and specific quantification of these nano-sized particles is ... ...

Abstract	Exosomes belong to the class of extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin, which are regarded as a promising source of cancer biomarkers in liquid biopsy. As a result, an accurate, sensitive, and specific quantification of these nano-sized particles is of significant importance. Affinity-based approaches are recognized as the most valuable technique for exosome isolation and characterization. Indeed, Affibody biomolecules are a type of protein scaffold engineered with small size and enjoy the features of high thermal stability, affinity, and specificity. While the utilization of antibodies, aptamers, and other biologically active substances for exosome detection has been reported widely, there are no reports describing Affibody molecules’ usage for exosome detection. In this study, for the first time, we have proposed a novel strategy of using Affibody functionalized microbeads (AffiBeads) for exosome detection with a high degree of efficiency. As a proof-of-concept, anti-EGFR-AffiBeads were fabricated and applied to capture and detect human lung A549 cancer cell-derived EGFR-positive exosomes using flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy. Moreover, the capture efficiency of the AffiBeads were compared with its counterpart antibody. Our results showed that the Affibody probe had a detection limit of 15.6 ng exosomes per mL (~12 exosomes per AffiBead). The approach proposed in the current study can be used for sensitive detection of low expression level markers on tumor-derived exosomes, providing a basis for early-stage cancer diagnosis.
Keywords	Affibody ; cancer-derived exosome ; exosome biomarker ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Molecular Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes in Patients with Thalassemia Major in Golestan Province, Iran

sareh Zhand / Masuod Bazuori / Alijan Tabarraei / Abdolvahab Moradi

Journal of Clinical and Basic Research, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2017 Volume 10

Abstract: ABSTRACT Introduction: In Iran, hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most prevalent cause of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis in patients with hemophilia, thalassemia, and renal failure. Recent studies suggest that patients infected with different HCV genotypes ...

Abstract	ABSTRACT Introduction: In Iran, hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most prevalent cause of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis in patients with hemophilia, thalassemia, and renal failure. Recent studies suggest that patients infected with different HCV genotypes have different clinical profiles, severity of liver disease and response to therapy. Several molecular methods targeting different HCV genomic regions have been introduced for genotyping. Direct sequencing of amplified PCR products is the gold standard method, followed by phylogenetic analysis of clinical material. The aim of this study was to determine genotypes of HCV-infected patients with thalassemia in Golestan Province, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 217 patients (mean age: 21.82 ± 16 years, 50.7% male) with thalassemia major. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for detection of HCV antibodies. Positive HCV-Ab samples were confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequencing. HCV genotypes were determined by aligning nucleotide sequences of patients with the standard nucleotide sequences obtained from GenBank (accession number: AB520610). Results: Of 217 patients with thalassemia major, 14 (6.45%) were found as anti-HCV-positive in the ELISA test. Among them, two patients (14.28%) had positive RT-PCR results. In addition, all patients were infected with HCV genotype 1a. Conclusions: Genotype 1a is the predominant HCV genotype in patients with thalassemia major in the Golestan province, Iran. KEYWORDS: Hepatitis C virus, Genotype, Thalassemia major, Golestan Province
Keywords	hepatitis c virus ; genotype ; thalassemia major ; golestan province ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245
Subject code	616 ; 610
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Golestan University Of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Molecular Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes in Patients with Thalassemia Major in Golestan Province, Iran

sareh Zhand / Masuod Bazuori / Alijan Tabarraei / Abdolvahab Moradi

Journal of Clinical and Basic Research, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2017 Volume 10

Abstract	ABSTRACT Introduction: In Iran, hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most prevalent cause of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis in patients with hemophilia, thalassemia, and renal failure. Recent studies suggest that patients infected with different HCV genotypes have different clinical profiles, severity of liver disease and response to therapy. Several molecular methods targeting different HCV genomic regions have been introduced for genotyping. Direct sequencing of amplified PCR products is the gold standard method, followed by phylogenetic analysis of clinical material. The aim of this study was to determine genotypes of HCV-infected patients with thalassemia in Golestan Province, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 217 patients (mean age: 21.82 ± 16 years, 50.7% male) with thalassemia major. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for detection of HCV antibodies. Positive HCV-Ab samples were confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequencing. HCV genotypes were determined by aligning nucleotide sequences of patients with the standard nucleotide sequences obtained from GenBank (accession number: AB520610). Results: Of 217 patients with thalassemia major, 14 (6.45%) were found as anti-HCV-positive in the ELISA test. Among them, two patients (14.28%) had positive RT-PCR results. In addition, all patients were infected with HCV genotype 1a. Conclusions: Genotype 1a is the predominant HCV genotype in patients with thalassemia major in the Golestan province, Iran. KEYWORDS: Hepatitis C virus, Genotype, Thalassemia major, Golestan Province
Keywords	Hepatitis C virus ; Genotype ; Thalassemia major ; Golestan Province ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245
Subject code	616 ; 610
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Golestan University Of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Point of Care Diagnostics in the Age of COVID-19

Meysam Rezaei / Sajad Razavi Bazaz / Sareh Zhand / Nima Sayyadi / Dayong Jin / Martin P. Stewart / Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani

Diagnostics, Vol 11, Iss 9, p

2021 Volume 9

Abstract: The recent outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated serious respiratory disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), poses a major threat to global public health. Owing to the lack of vaccine and ... ...

Abstract	The recent outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated serious respiratory disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), poses a major threat to global public health. Owing to the lack of vaccine and effective treatments, many countries have been overwhelmed with an exponential spread of the virus and surge in the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases. Current standard diagnostic methods are inadequate for widespread testing as they suffer from prolonged turn-around times (>12 h) and mostly rely on high-biosafety-level laboratories and well-trained technicians. Point-of-care (POC) tests have the potential to vastly improve healthcare in several ways, ranging from enabling earlier detection and easier monitoring of disease to reaching remote populations. In recent years, the field of POC diagnostics has improved markedly with the advent of micro- and nanotechnologies. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, POC technologies have been rapidly innovated to address key limitations faced in existing standard diagnostic methods. This review summarizes and compares the latest available POC immunoassay, nucleic acid-based and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats- (CRISPR)-mediated tests for SARS-CoV-2 detection that we anticipate aiding healthcare facilities to control virus infection and prevent subsequent spread.
Keywords	SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; point of care testing ; respiratory diseases ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Study of the Transcript and Protein Expression of Poliovirus Receptor (CD155 Protein) on Colorectal Cancer Cell Line

Sareh Zhand / Seyed Masoud Hoseini / Alijan Tabarraei / Mohsen Saeedi / Abdolvahab Moradi

مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان, Vol 35, Iss 427, Pp 453-

2017 Volume 462

Abstract: Background: Poliovirus receptor (CD155 protein or PVR) expressed on many types of cells and exerts diverse functions. Several studies have demonstrated that changes in CD155 expression in cancer cell lines affect metastasis, proliferation, and migration. ...

Abstract	Background: Poliovirus receptor (CD155 protein or PVR) expressed on many types of cells and exerts diverse functions. Several studies have demonstrated that changes in CD155 expression in cancer cell lines affect metastasis, proliferation, and migration. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the transcript and protein expression of CD155 in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines in comparison to normal fetal human colon (FHC) cells. Methods: The CD155 expression levels in a human adenocarcinoma cell line and normal colon cell line were evaluated using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and flow cytometry. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software at the statistical significance level of P < 0.050. Findings: Real-time polymerase chain reaction indicated that CD155 significantly overexpressed in human adenocarcinoma cell line significantly more than normal fetal cells (P < 0.001). Flow cytometry showed that protein was strongly expressed in cancer cell line and SW480 cell line showed the highest CD155 protein expression level of 98.0%, whereas this protein expression was 1.3% in human normal colon cell line (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Collectively, these data indicate that CD155 expression is frequently elevated in cancer cell line. The preferential expression of CD155 on cancer cell line rather than on normal cell line suggests that CD155 could be targeted for future poliovirus virotherapy.
Keywords	CD155 protein ; Gene expression ; Colorectal cancer ; Real-Time polymerase chain reaction ; Flow cytometry ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	Persian
Publishing date	2017-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Vesnu Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Mutations in the Basal Core Promoter and Precore/Core Regions of Hepatitis B Virus in Patients Co-Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Ahmad Hosseinzadeh Adli / Chiman Karami / Sareh Zhand / Reza Talei / Abdolvahab Moradi

Medical Laboratory Journal, Vol 10, Iss 4, Pp 32-

2016 Volume 39

Abstract: ABSTRACT Background and objectives: Globally, about one third of the population has been infected with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and more than 400 million people have become chronically infected. Nearly, 20-25% of all carriers develop serious liver ... ...

Abstract	ABSTRACT Background and objectives: Globally, about one third of the population has been infected with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and more than 400 million people have become chronically infected. Nearly, 20-25% of all carriers develop serious liver diseases such as cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). According to the World Health Organization, HBV infection causes more than one million deaths every year. Co-infection with Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and HBV is common, since both viruses have the same routes of transmission. Approximately 10 -15% of HIV-infected individuals develop chronic hepatitis B. The risk of liver diseases-related deaths is also higher in the co-infected patients. According to previous studies, mutation of the pre-core (PC) and basal-core promoter (BCP) regions may play an important role in development of HBV-related HCC and severe liver disease. The aim of this study was to investigate mutations in the BCP, PC and core regions of HBV in HIV-positive patients. Methods: DNA was extracted using commercial kits to determine the BCP, PC/core mutations in 124 HIV/HBV co-infected patients (32.4% female and 67.6% male). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using specific primers. The positive PCR products were subjected to automated sequencing. Then, nucleotide sequences were aligned with the standard hepatitis B sequence [Gene bank, accession number: AB033559] for mutation detection and analysis. Results: In this study, three patients (8.1%) were HBeAg-positive and all of them were HBsAg-positive. The mean of CD4 cell count was 120 cells/mL. The mean age of the patients was 36.16 years. The important pathological mutations in HBV patients including 1752A (73%), 1773C (70.3%), 1753C (10.8%), 1896A (8.1%) and 1762T/1764A (2.7%) were detected in this study. Conclusion: Identification of mutations in co-infected patients is of greater importance compared to mono-infected patients, because it can be useful for prediction of HCC-related mutations. Co-infection ...
Keywords	hbv ; hiv ; mutation ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Golestan University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: COVID-19

Sareh Zhand / Marie Saghaeian Jazi / Saeed Mohammadi / Roozbeh Tarighati Rasekhi / Ghassem Rostamian / Mohammad Reza Kalani / Aida Rostamian / Jacob George / Mark W Douglas

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 5559, p

The Immune Responses and Clinical Therapy Candidates

2020 Volume 5559

Abstract: The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with rising numbers of patients worldwide, presents an urgent need for effective treatments. To date, there are no therapies or vaccines that are proven to be effective against severe acute respiratory ...

Abstract	The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with rising numbers of patients worldwide, presents an urgent need for effective treatments. To date, there are no therapies or vaccines that are proven to be effective against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several potential candidates or repurposed drugs are under investigation, including drugs that inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication and block infection. The most promising therapy to date is remdesivir, which is US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for emergency use in adults and children hospitalized with severe suspected or laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. Herein we summarize the general features of SARS-CoV-2’s molecular and immune pathogenesis and discuss available pharmacological strategies, based on our present understanding of SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections. Finally, we outline clinical trials currently in progress to investigate the efficacy of potential therapies for COVID-19.
Keywords	SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; MERS-CoV ; SARS-CoV ; clinical trial ; anti-viral ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999 ; covid19
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Mutations in pre-core and basal-core promoter regions of hepatitis B virus in chronic HBV patients from Golestan, Iran

Abdolvahab Moradi / Sareh Zhand / Amir Ghaemi / Naeme Javid / Masoud Bazouri / Alijan Tabarraei

Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, Vol 17, Iss 5, Pp 370-

2014 Volume 377

Abstract: Objective(s): It has been reported that the mutation of the pre-core (PC) and basal-core promoter (BCP) may play an important role in the development of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study the PC and BCP mutations were investigated ... ...

Abstract	Objective(s): It has been reported that the mutation of the pre-core (PC) and basal-core promoter (BCP) may play an important role in the development of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study the PC and BCP mutations were investigated in chronic HBV patients. Materials and Methods:In this study, 120 chronic HBV patients from Golestan, Northeast of Iran who were not vaccinated against HBV, were recruited from the year 2008 to 2012. HBV-DNA extraction from plasma and PCR were performed and positive PCR products were subjected to automated sequencing. Results:One hundred out of 120 (83.3%) patients were HBeAg negative. Comparison of our nucleotide sequences with reference sequence showed high rate mutation in BCP and PC region (96.66%). Frame shift mutation was found in 78 (65%) of patients in BCP region, among them 8 (6.6%) patients showed mutation in PC region. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated high rate of mutations in BCP and PC regions among HBV chronic patients in Northeast of Iran.
Keywords	BCP mutation ; Hepatitis B ; Iran ; PC mutation ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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