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  1. Article ; Online: Heart rate reduction during voluntary deep diving in free-ranging loggerhead sea turtles.

    Saito, Ayaka / Kinoshita, Chihiro / Sakai, Kino / Sato, Katsufumi / Sakamoto, Kentaro Q

    The Journal of experimental biology

    2024  Volume 227, Issue 5

    Abstract: Air-breathing vertebrates exhibit cardiovascular responses to diving including heart rate reduction (diving bradycardia). Field studies on aquatic mammals and birds have shown that the intensity of bradycardia can vary depending on diving behaviour, such ...

    Abstract Air-breathing vertebrates exhibit cardiovascular responses to diving including heart rate reduction (diving bradycardia). Field studies on aquatic mammals and birds have shown that the intensity of bradycardia can vary depending on diving behaviour, such as the depth of dives and dive duration. However, in aquatic reptiles, the variation in heart rate during deep dives under natural conditions has not been fully investigated. In this study, we released five loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) outfitted with recorders into the sea and recorded their electrocardiogram, depth, water temperature and longitudinal acceleration. After 3 days, the recorders automatically detached from the turtles. The heart rate signals were detected from the electrodes placed on the surface of the plastron. The mean (±s.d.) heart rate of 12.8±4.1 beats min-1 during dives was significantly lower than that of 20.9±4.1 beats min-1 during surface periods. Heart rate during dives varied with dive depth, although it remained lower than that at the surface. When the turtle dived deeper than 140 m, despite the relatively high flipper stroke rate (approximately 19 strokes min-1), the heart rate dropped rapidly to approximately 2 beats min-1 temporarily. The minimum instantaneous heart rate during dives was lower at deeper dive depths. Our results indicate that loggerhead sea turtles show variations in the intensity of diving bradycardia depending on their diving behaviour, similar to that shown by marine mammals and birds.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bradycardia ; Turtles ; Heart Rate ; Acceleration ; Caniformia ; Cetacea
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218085-6
    ISSN 1477-9145 ; 0022-0949
    ISSN (online) 1477-9145
    ISSN 0022-0949
    DOI 10.1242/jeb.246334
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Foraging habitat and site selection do not affect feeding rates in European shags.

    Watanuki, Yutaka / Sato, Katsufumi / Shiomi, Kozue / Wanless, Sarah / Daunt, Francis

    The Journal of experimental biology

    2023  Volume 226, Issue 4

    Abstract: During feeding trips, central-place foragers make decisions on whether to feed at a single site, move to other sites and/or exploit different habitats. However, for many marine species, the lack of fine-resolution data on foraging behaviour and success ... ...

    Abstract During feeding trips, central-place foragers make decisions on whether to feed at a single site, move to other sites and/or exploit different habitats. However, for many marine species, the lack of fine-resolution data on foraging behaviour and success has hampered our ability to test whether individuals follow predictions of the optimal foraging hypothesis. Here, we tested how benthic foraging habitat usage, time spent at feeding sites and probability of change of feeding sites affected feeding rates in European shags (Gulosus aristotelis) using time-depth-acceleration data loggers in 24 chick-rearing males. Foraging habitat (rocky or sandy) was identified from characteristic differences in dive patterns and body angle. Increase in body mass was estimated from changes in wing stroke frequency during flights. Bout feeding rate (increase in body mass per unit time of dive bout) did not differ between rocky and sandy habitats, or in relation to the order of dive bouts during trips. Bout feeding rates did not affect the duration of flight to the next feeding site or whether the bird switched habitat. However, the likelihood of a change in habitat increased with the number of dive bouts within a trip. Our findings that shags did not actively move further or switch habitats after they fed at sites of lower quality are in contrast to the predictions of optimal foraging theory. Instead, it would appear that birds feed probabilistically in habitats where prey capture rates vary as a result of differences in prey density and conspecific competition or facilitation.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Animals ; Feeding Behavior ; Diving ; Ecosystem ; Chickens ; Probability
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218085-6
    ISSN 1477-9145 ; 0022-0949
    ISSN (online) 1477-9145
    ISSN 0022-0949
    DOI 10.1242/jeb.244461
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: How did extinct giant birds and pterosaurs fly? A comprehensive modeling approach to evaluate soaring performance.

    Goto, Yusuke / Yoda, Ken / Weimerskirch, Henri / Sato, Katsufumi

    PNAS nexus

    2022  Volume 1, Issue 1, Page(s) pgac023

    Abstract: The largest extinct volant birds ( ...

    Abstract The largest extinct volant birds (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2752-6542
    ISSN (online) 2752-6542
    DOI 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac023
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  4. Article: Long dive capacity of olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) at high water temperature during the post-nesting foraging period in the Arafura Sea

    Fukuoka, Takuya / Suganuma, Hiroyuki / Kondo, Satomi / Sato, Katsufumi

    Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology. 2022 Jan., v. 546

    2022  

    Abstract: Water temperature and body size are considered to be important factors influencing the diving capabilities of ectothermic reptiles. Although high water temperature and small body size tend to cause short dive durations, previous studies have reported ... ...

    Abstract Water temperature and body size are considered to be important factors influencing the diving capabilities of ectothermic reptiles. Although high water temperature and small body size tend to cause short dive durations, previous studies have reported that olive ridley turtles, the smallest sea turtle species distributed in tropical regions, often conduct prolonged dives. To understand diving behavior during the post-nesting foraging periods, especially the relationship between dive duration and water temperature for this species, satellite relay data loggers were attached to 10 nesting females (straight carapace length: 60.5 ± 2.6 cm, estimated body mass: 30.5 ± 4.0 kg) in West Papua, Indonesia, in 2017 and 2019. During the post-nesting tracking period (34–153 days), the turtles migrated southward to the Arafura Sea. A total of 9469 dives were observed, and 28.9% of the dives were longer than 1 h (mean: 44.0 ± 33.1 min, max: 220 min), although the turtles experienced high water temperatures (25.5 ± 2.6 °C). The behavioral aerobic dive limits (behavioral ADLs) calculated from the relationship between the dive depth and duration of olive ridley turtles were 89.6 min and 167.7 min for V-shaped and U-shaped dives, respectively. Even for dives above the behavioral ADL (1.8% for V-shaped and 2.0% for U-shaped dives), the turtles dove 1.1 ± 0.1 (max: 1.6) and 1.1 ± 0.1 (max: 1.3) times longer than the behavioral ADLs for V-shaped and U-shaped dives, respectively. On the other hand, the calculated ADLs (cADLs), estimated from the metabolic rates and oxygen stores of loggerhead turtles, were 51.2 ± 20.3 min (range: 24.1–139.3 min) and 99.8 ± 38.5 min (range: 39.4–258.3 min) for V-shaped and U-shaped dives, respectively. The turtles often exceeded the cADLs (21.4–29.1% for V-shaped dives and 21.2–42.2% for U-shaped dives), and they dove 1.4 ± 0.3 (max: 3.1) and 1.3 ± 0.3 (max: 3.4) times longer than the cADLs for V-shaped and U-shaped dives, respectively. However, those long dives were not considered anaerobic because of the short post-dive surface durations (4.7 ± 5.8 min). Additionally, the relationship between dive duration and water temperature indicated that olive ridley turtles dove longer than loggerhead and green turtles in the high temperature range (> 20 °C). This study confirms that the diving capacity of olive ridley turtles is qualitatively different from those of loggerhead and green turtles for several reasons, such as low metabolic rates and/or low activity levels at high water temperatures.
    Keywords Caretta caretta ; Lepidochelys olivacea ; body size ; body weight ; ecology ; ectothermy ; oxygen ; satellites ; sea turtles ; water temperature ; Indonesia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-01
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 410283-6
    ISSN 0022-0981
    ISSN 0022-0981
    DOI 10.1016/j.jembe.2021.151649
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Non‐lunge feeding behaviour of humpback whales associated with fishing boats in Norway

    Iwata, Takashi / Aoki, Kagari / Miller, Patrick J. O. / Biuw, Martin / Williamson, Michael J. / Sato, Katsufumi

    Ethology. 2024 Feb., v. 130, no. 2 p.e13419-

    2024  

    Abstract: Top marine predators, such as odontocetes, pinnipeds, and seabirds, are known to forage around fishing boats as fishermen aggregate and/or discard their prey. Recently, incidents of humpback whales interacting with fishing boats have been reported. ... ...

    Abstract Top marine predators, such as odontocetes, pinnipeds, and seabirds, are known to forage around fishing boats as fishermen aggregate and/or discard their prey. Recently, incidents of humpback whales interacting with fishing boats have been reported. However, whether humpback whales utilise discard fish as a food source and how they forage around fishing boats is unknown. This study reports, for the first time, the foraging behaviour of a humpback whale around fishing boats. Three whales were tagged using a suction‐cup tag containing a video camera, and a behavioural data logger in the coastal area of Tromsø, Norway. Video data from one tagged whale showed that the whale remained in close vicinity of fishing boats for 43 min, and revealed the presence of large numbers of dead fish, fish‐eating killer whales, fishing boats, and fishing gear. In waters with large numbers of dead fish, the whale raised its upper jaw, a motion associated with engulfing discard fish from fishing boats, and this feeding behaviour differed markedly from lunge‐feeding observed in two other whales in the same area. This behaviour was defined as “pick‐up feeding”. No lunge feeding was seen on the data logger when the whale foraged around fishing boats. This study highlights a novel humpback whale foraging strategy: low energy gain from scattered prey but also low energy costs as high‐energy lunge feeding is not required.
    Keywords Megaptera novaeangliae ; Pinnipedia ; animal behavior ; coasts ; energy ; feeding methods ; fish ; fish discards ; microprocessors ; video cameras ; whales ; Norway
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2024-02
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 633469-6
    ISSN 0179-1613
    ISSN 0179-1613
    DOI 10.1111/eth.13419
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Body temperature stability achieved by the large body mass of sea turtles.

    Sato, Katsufumi

    The Journal of experimental biology

    2014  Volume 217, Issue Pt 20, Page(s) 3607–3614

    Abstract: To investigate the thermal characteristics of large reptiles living in water, temperature data were continuously recorded from 16 free-ranging loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta, during internesting periods using data loggers. Core body temperatures ... ...

    Abstract To investigate the thermal characteristics of large reptiles living in water, temperature data were continuously recorded from 16 free-ranging loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta, during internesting periods using data loggers. Core body temperatures were 0.7-1.7°C higher than ambient water temperatures and were kept relatively constant. Unsteady numerical simulations using a spherical thermodynamic model provided mechanistic explanations for these phenomena, and the body temperature responses to fluctuating water temperature can be simply explained by a large body mass with a constant thermal diffusivity and a heat production rate rather than physiological thermoregulation. By contrast, body temperatures increased 2.6-5.1°C in 107-152 min during their emergences to nest on land. The estimated heat production rates on land were 7.4-10.5 times the calculated values in the sea. The theoretical prediction that temperature difference between body and water temperatures would increase according to the body size was confirmed by empirical data recorded from several species of sea turtles. Comparing previously reported data, the internesting intervals of leatherback, green and loggerhead turtles were shorter when the body temperatures were higher. Sea turtles seem to benefit from a passive thermoregulatory strategy, which depends primarily on the physical attributes of their large body masses.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Body Size/physiology ; Body Temperature/physiology ; Ecosystem ; Oviposition ; Seawater ; Temperature ; Thermodynamics ; Turtles/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-10-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218085-6
    ISSN 1477-9145 ; 0022-0949
    ISSN (online) 1477-9145
    ISSN 0022-0949
    DOI 10.1242/jeb.109470
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Stay the course: maintenance of consistent orientation by commuting penguins both underwater and at the water surface

    Shiomi, Kozue / Sato, Katsufumi / Bost, Charles A. / Handrich, Yves

    Mar Biol. 2023 Apr., v. 170, no. 4 p.42-42

    2023  

    Abstract: Many marine vertebrates traverse more than hundreds of kilometres of the ocean. To efficiently achieve such long-distance movements, the ability to maintain orientation in a three-dimensional space is essential; however, it remains unevaluated in most ... ...

    Abstract Many marine vertebrates traverse more than hundreds of kilometres of the ocean. To efficiently achieve such long-distance movements, the ability to maintain orientation in a three-dimensional space is essential; however, it remains unevaluated in most species. In this study, we examined the bearing distributions of penguins undertaking long-distance foraging trips and compared their bearing consistency between underwater and at the water surface, as well as between night and day, to quantify their orientation ability. The subject species, king penguins, Aptenodytes patagonicus, from Possession Island, Crozet archipelago (46°25′S, 51°45′E; January to March 2011), showed high bearing consistency both during dives and at the water surface whilst commuting towards/from their main foraging area, the Antarctic polar front. Their bearing consistency was particularly high during and after shallow dives, irrespective of the time of day. Meanwhile, their bearings tended to vary during and after deep dives, particularly in the middle of the trip, probably owing to underwater foraging movements. However, the overall directions of deep dives during the commuting phases were similar to those of shallow dives and post-dive periods at the water surface. These findings indicate that king penguins employ compass mechanism(s) that are equivalently reliable both underwater and at the water surface, at any time of the day. This orientation ability appears to enable them to achieve long-distance trips under strong temporal constraints. Further studies on the fine-scale bearing distributions of other diving vertebrates are needed to better understand movement strategies in marine environments.
    Keywords Aptenodytes patagonicus ; Antarctic region ; Crozet Islands
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-04
    Size p. 42.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1117-4
    ISSN 1432-1793 ; 0025-3162
    ISSN (online) 1432-1793
    ISSN 0025-3162
    DOI 10.1007/s00227-023-04186-4
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  8. Article ; Online: King penguins adjust their fine-scale travelling and foraging behaviours to spatial and diel changes in feeding opportunities

    Watanabe, Hina / Shiomi, Kozue / Sato, Katsufumi / Takahashi, Akinori / Handrich, Yves / Bost, Charles-André

    Mar Biol. 2023 Mar., v. 170, no. 3 p.29-29

    2023  

    Abstract: Central place foragers such as pelagic seabirds often travel large distances to reach profitable foraging areas. King penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) are well known for their large-scale foraging movements to the productive Antarctic Polar Front, ... ...

    Abstract Central place foragers such as pelagic seabirds often travel large distances to reach profitable foraging areas. King penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) are well known for their large-scale foraging movements to the productive Antarctic Polar Front, though their fine-scale travelling and foraging characteristics remain unclear. Here, we investigated the horizontal movements and foraging patterns of king penguins to understand their fine-scale movement decisions during distant foraging trips. We attached multi-channel data loggers that can record depth, speed, tri-axis acceleration, tri-axis magnetism, and environmental temperature of the penguins and obtained data (n = 8 birds) on their horizontal movement rates from reconstructed dive paths and their feeding attempts estimated from rapid changes in swim speed. During transit toward main foraging areas, penguins increased the time spent on shallow travelling dives (< 50 m) at night and around midday, and increased the time spent on deep foraging dives (≥ 50 m) during crepuscular hours. The horizontal movement rates during deep dives were negatively correlated with maximum dive depths, suggesting that foraging at greater depths is associated with a decreased horizontal travelling speed. Penguins concentrated their foraging efforts (more deep dives and higher rates of feeding attempts) at twilight during transit, when prey may be more accessible due to diel vertical migration, while they travelled rapidly at night and midday when prey may be difficult to detect and access. Such behavioural adjustments correspond to a movement strategy adopted by avian deep divers to travel long distances while feeding on prey exhibiting diel vertical migration.
    Keywords Aptenodytes patagonicus ; ambient temperature ; birds ; magnetism ; migratory behavior ; Antarctic region
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-03
    Size p. 29.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1117-4
    ISSN 1432-1793 ; 0025-3162
    ISSN (online) 1432-1793
    ISSN 0025-3162
    DOI 10.1007/s00227-022-04170-4
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Wandering albatrosses exert high take-off effort only when both wind and waves are gentle.

    Uesaka, Leo / Goto, Yusuke / Naruoka, Masaru / Weimerskirch, Henri / Sato, Katsufumi / Sakamoto, Kentaro Q

    eLife

    2023  Volume 12

    Abstract: The relationship between the environment and marine animal small-scale behavior is not fully understood. This is largely due to the difficulty in obtaining environmental datasets with a high spatiotemporal precision. The problem is particularly pertinent ...

    Abstract The relationship between the environment and marine animal small-scale behavior is not fully understood. This is largely due to the difficulty in obtaining environmental datasets with a high spatiotemporal precision. The problem is particularly pertinent in assessing the influence of environmental factors in rapid, high energy-consuming behavior such as seabird take-off. To fill the gaps in the existing environmental datasets, we employed novel techniques using animal-borne sensors with motion records to estimate wind and ocean wave parameters and evaluated their influence on wandering albatross take-off patterns. Measurements revealed that wind speed and wave heights experienced by wandering albatrosses during take-off ranged from 0.7 to 15.4 m/s and 1.6 to 6.4 m, respectively. The four indices measured (flapping number, frequency, sea surface running speed, and duration) also varied with the environmental conditions (e.g., flapping number varied from 0 to over 20). Importantly, take-off was easier under higher wave conditions than under lower wave conditions at a constant wind speed, and take-off effort increased only when both wind and waves were gentle. Our data suggest that both ocean waves and winds play important roles for albatross take-off and advances our current understanding of albatross flight mechanisms.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Wind ; Flight, Animal ; Birds ; Behavior, Animal ; Motion
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2687154-3
    ISSN 2050-084X ; 2050-084X
    ISSN (online) 2050-084X
    ISSN 2050-084X
    DOI 10.7554/eLife.87016
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  10. Article: Straightforward upriver migration to spawning sites by chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta homing to coastal short rivers in the Sanriku region

    Nobata, Shigenori / Sato, Katsufumi / Houki, Shouji / Ito, Motohiro / Aoki, Yoshinori / Kitagawa, Takashi / Hyodo, Susumu

    Journal of fish biology. 2022 Mar., v. 100, no. 3

    2022  

    Abstract: In chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) homed to the Sanriku region, Japan, most of the fish are matured in bays and spawn near river mouths in coastal short rivers; therefore, their upriver migration is extremely short, but their behavioural characteristics ... ...

    Abstract In chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) homed to the Sanriku region, Japan, most of the fish are matured in bays and spawn near river mouths in coastal short rivers; therefore, their upriver migration is extremely short, but their behavioural characteristics have remained unknown. Upriver migration in the Otsuchi River, a typical coastal river, was evaluated from behavioural and physiological aspects. Homing salmon tracked in Otsuchi Bay held in the inner bay for less than 1 day to more than 10 days before river entry. The varied holding duration was negatively correlated with plasma 17α, 20β‐dihydroxy‐4‐pregnen‐3‐one (DHP) concentration, an indicator of maturation. After river entry, however, most fish were captured in weirs near the river mouths within 2 days regardless of the DHP concentration. Of the 34 fish released in the river, on the contrary, eighteen and five fish were seen next day in the main spawning sites located at c. 1.5 km upstream and in the branch creek, respectively, and 85% of the fish held position there until their death. The mean survival time of released fish was 5.8 days. Plasma DHP level suggested that preparations for spawning were already completed at the timing of the release. Taken together, homing salmon completed spawning preparation in the bay, and then they moved to their spawning sites immediately after river entry and spawned there during their short remaining life. This upriver migration contrasts with those of other populations, such as early migrants and long river migrants, whose maturation is completed during upriver migration.
    Keywords Japan ; Oncorhynchus keta ; death ; rivers ; salmon ; streams
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-03
    Size p. 748-757.
    Publishing place Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 410564-3
    ISSN 1095-8649 ; 0022-1112
    ISSN (online) 1095-8649
    ISSN 0022-1112
    DOI 10.1111/jfb.14990
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