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  1. Article ; Online: Addiction to a bad idea, contributory health systems - A comment.

    Savedoff, William D

    Social science & medicine (1982)

    2023  Volume 320, Page(s) 115762

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Behavior, Addictive ; Medical Assistance ; Government Programs
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 4766-1
    ISSN 1873-5347 ; 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
    ISSN (online) 1873-5347
    ISSN 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
    DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115762
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book: Governing mandatory health insurance

    Savedoff, William D.

    learning from experience

    2008  

    Author's details ed. by William D. Savedoff
    Keywords Insurance, Health ; National Health Programs / organization & administration ; Mandatory Programs / organization & administration ; Europe ; Latin America
    Language English
    Size XV, 227 S. : Ill.
    Publisher The World Bank
    Publishing place Washington, DC
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT015656960
    ISBN 0-8213-7548-2 ; 978-0-8213-7548-8 ; 9780821375495 ; 0821375490
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    2008 A 5008 order for loan Magazin

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  3. Article ; Online: Why Do Societies Ever Produce Common Goods for Health?

    Savedoff, William D

    Health systems and reform

    2019  Volume 5, Issue 4, Page(s) 402–405

    MeSH term(s) Conservation of Natural Resources/legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; Safety/legislation & jurisprudence ; Social Justice
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2328-8620
    ISSN (online) 2328-8620
    DOI 10.1080/23288604.2019.1655982
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Taxation of tobacco, alcohol, and sugar-sweetened beverages: reviewing the evidence and dispelling the myths.

    Paraje, Guillermo R / Jha, Prabhat / Savedoff, William / Fuchs, Alan

    BMJ global health

    2023  Volume 8, Issue Suppl 8

    Abstract: The article reviews the large body of evidence on how taxation affects the consumption of tobacco, alcohol, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). There is abundant evidence that demand for tobacco, alcohol, and SSB is price-responsive and that tax changes ...

    Abstract The article reviews the large body of evidence on how taxation affects the consumption of tobacco, alcohol, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). There is abundant evidence that demand for tobacco, alcohol, and SSB is price-responsive and that tax changes are quickly passed on to consumers. This suggests that taxes can be highly effective in changing consumption and reducing the burden of diseases associated with consuming these products. Tobacco, alcohol, and SSB industries oppose taxation on similar grounds, mostly on the regressivity of taxes since regressive taxes take a larger percentage of income from low income earners than from middle and high income earners; but also on the effects taxes might have on employment and economic activity; and, in the case of tobacco, the effects taxation has on illicit trade.Contrary to industry arguments, evidence shows that taxation may have short-term negative financial consequences for low-income households. However, medium and long-term financial benefits from reduced healthcare costs, better health, and welfare largely compensate for such consequences. Moreover, taxation does not negatively affect aggregate economic activity or employment, as consumers switch demand to other products that generate employment and may compensate for any employment loss in taxed sectors. Evidence also shows the revenues generated are generally spent on labour-intensive services. In the case of illicit trade in tobacco, evidence shows that illicit trade has not increased globally (rather the opposite) despite increases in tobacco taxes. Profit-maximising smugglers increase illicit cigarette prices along with the increases in licit cigarette prices. This implies that even when increased taxes divert some demand to the illicit market, they push prices up in the illicit market, discouraging consumption.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Sugar-Sweetened Beverages ; Taxes ; Tobacco Products ; Income
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2059-7908
    ISSN 2059-7908
    DOI 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-011866
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Book ; Article ; Online: Wages in urban Brazil

    Savedoff, William D.

    Evidence of regional segmentation or national markets

    2015  

    Abstract: In spite of Brazil's rapid pace of economic integration in recent decades, there remains substantial evidence of regional differences in wages. Numerous studies have also cited the impact of the country's form of economic development on various skill and ...

    Abstract In spite of Brazil's rapid pace of economic integration in recent decades, there remains substantial evidence of regional differences in wages. Numerous studies have also cited the impact of the country's form of economic development on various skill and occupational categories. On the other hand, macroeconomic models generally simplify labor market processes by assuming a single homogeneous national labor market. Are wages in Brazil, then, determined by isolated regional, occupational, or nationwide factors? This study develops an econometric model for decomposing annual, occupational and regional effects on wages and applies it to the Brazilian urban labor force to test whether annual wage changes are more similar among occupational or local categories. It shows that wages are affected both by local conditions and national occupational trends, and furthermore that the underlying patterns of regional and occupational wage differentials are remarkably stable.
    Keywords ddc:330
    Subject code 331
    Language English
    Publisher Brasília: Institute for Applied Economic Research (ipea)
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Cost-effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in Latin America and the Caribbean

    Augustovski Federico / Bardach Ariel / Santoro Adrián / Rodriguez-Cairoli Federico / López-Osornio Alejandro / Argento Fernando / Havela Maissa / Blumenfeld Alejandro / Ballivian Jamile / Solioz Germán / Capula Analía / López Analía / Cejas Cintia / Savedoff William / Palacios Alfredo / Rubinstein Adolfo / Pichon-Riviere Andrés

    Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    an analysis in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Peru

    2023  Volume 13

    Abstract: Abstract Objective Our study analyzes the cost-effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccination campaigns in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Peru. Methods Using a previously published SVEIR model, we analyzed the impact of a ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Objective Our study analyzes the cost-effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccination campaigns in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Peru. Methods Using a previously published SVEIR model, we analyzed the impact of a vaccination campaign (2021) from a national healthcare perspective. The primary outcomes were quality adjusted life years (QALYs) lost and total costs. Other outcomes included COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, deaths, and life years. We applied a discount rate of 3% for health outcomes. We modeled a realistic vaccination campaign in each country (the realistic country-specific campaign). Additionally, we assessed a standard campaign (similar, “typical“ for all countries), and an optimized campaign (similar in all countries with higher but plausible population coverage). One-way deterministic sensitivity analyses were performed. Findings Vaccination was health improving as well as cost-saving in almost all countries and scenarios. Our analysis shows that vaccination in this group of countries prevented 573,141 deaths (508,826 standard; 685,442 optimized) and gained 5.07 million QALYs (4.53 standard; 6.03 optimized). Despite the incremental costs of vaccination campaigns, they had a total net cost saving to the health system of US$16.29 billion (US$16.47 standard; US$18.58 optimized). The realistic (base case) vaccination campaign in Chile was the only scenario, which was not cost saving, but it was still highly cost-effective with an ICER of US$22 per QALY gained. Main findings were robust in the sensitivity analyses. Interpretation The COVID-19 vaccination campaign in seven Latin American and Caribbean countries -that comprise nearly 80% of the region- was beneficial for population health and was also cost-saving or highly cost-effective.
    Keywords Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Disruption Of Non-COVID-19 Health Care In Latin America During The Pandemic: Effects On Health, Lessons For Policy.

    Bernal Lara, Pedro / Savedoff, William D / García Agudelo, María Fernanda / Bernal, Carolina / Goyeneche, Laura / Sorio, Rita / Pérez-Cuevas, Ricardo / da Rocha, Marcia Gomes / Shibata, Leonardo Goes / San Roman Vucetich, Cristina / Bauhoff, Sebastian

    Health affairs (Project Hope)

    2023  Volume 42, Issue 12, Page(s) 1657–1666

    Abstract: COVID-19 had severe direct and indirect effects on health and well-being in Latin America. To understand the extent to which disruptions among non-COVID-19-related health services affected population health, we used administrative data from the period ... ...

    Abstract COVID-19 had severe direct and indirect effects on health and well-being in Latin America. To understand the extent to which disruptions among non-COVID-19-related health services affected population health, we used administrative data from the period 2015-21 to examine public hospital discharges and mortality for conditions amenable to health care in four Latin American countries: Brazil, Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru. Between March 2020 and December 2021, hospitalization rates for these conditions declined by 28 percent and mortality rates increased by 15 percent relative to prepandemic years. Noncommunicable diseases accounted for 89 percent of this rise in mortality. The poorest states in each country experienced relatively larger increases in mortality. Our results, which focus on the health effects of service disruption, suggest that maintaining health care services in this region during the pandemic could have avoided at least 96,000 deaths. Policies should focus on maintaining essential health care services during emergencies, particularly for patients with noncommunicable diseases, and on minimizing negative consequences by ensuring coordinated and continuous care; leveraging alternative modalities of care, such as telemedicine; broadening the role of nonphysician health care workers; and expanding options for medication delivery.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Latin America/epidemiology ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Noncommunicable Diseases/epidemiology ; Delivery of Health Care ; Policy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632712-6
    ISSN 1544-5208 ; 0278-2715
    ISSN (online) 1544-5208
    ISSN 0278-2715
    DOI 10.1377/hlthaff.2023.00720
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 2118: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: The health financing transition: a conceptual framework and empirical evidence.

    Fan, Victoria Y / Savedoff, William D

    Social science & medicine (1982)

    2014  Volume 105, Page(s) 112–121

    Abstract: Almost every country exhibits two important health financing trends: health spending per person rises and the share of out-of-pocket spending on health services declines. We describe these trends as a "health financing transition" to provide a conceptual ...

    Abstract Almost every country exhibits two important health financing trends: health spending per person rises and the share of out-of-pocket spending on health services declines. We describe these trends as a "health financing transition" to provide a conceptual framework for understanding health markets and public policy. Using data over 1995-2009 from 126 countries, we examine the various explanations for changes in health spending and its composition with regressions in levels and first differences. We estimate that the income elasticity of health spending is about 0.7, consistent with recent comparable studies. Our analysis also shows a significant trend in health spending - rising about 1 per cent annually - which is associated with a combination of changing technology and medical practices, cost pressures and institutions that finance and manage healthcare. The out-of-pocket share of total health spending is not related to income, but is influenced by a country's capacity to raise general revenues. These results support the existence of a health financing transition and characterize how public policy influences these trends.
    MeSH term(s) Developed Countries/economics ; Developing Countries/economics ; Empirical Research ; Financing, Personal/trends ; Health Care Sector ; Health Expenditures/trends ; Humans ; Public Policy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 4766-1
    ISSN 1873-5347 ; 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
    ISSN (online) 1873-5347
    ISSN 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
    DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.01.014
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 625: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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  9. Book ; Online: The health financing transition

    Fan, Victoria / Savedoff, William

    a conceptual framework and empirical evidence

    (Working paper / Center for Global Development ; 358)

    2014  

    Author's details Victoria Fan and William Savedoff
    Series title Working paper / Center for Global Development ; 358
    Language English
    Size Online-Ressource (27 S.), graph. Darst.
    Publisher CGD
    Publishing place Washington, DC
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  10. Book ; Online: Governance in the Health Sector

    Savedoff, William D

    A Strategy for Measuring Determinants and Performance

    2011  

    Abstract: Many different strategies have been proposed to improve the delivery of health care services, from capacity building to establishing new payment mechanisms. Recent attention has also asked whether improvements in the way health care services are governed ...

    Author's details William D. Savedoff
    Abstract Many different strategies have been proposed to improve the delivery of health care services, from capacity building to establishing new payment mechanisms. Recent attention has also asked whether improvements in the way health care services are governed could make a difference. These approaches ask which factors-such as rules and institutions-influence the behavior of the system in ways that are associated with better performance and outcomes. This paper reviews the concept of governance as it is used in the literature on private firms, public administration, international development and health. It distinguishes between indicators that measure governance determinants from those that measure governance performance in order to propose a framework that is analytically coherent and empirically useful. The framework shows how these indicators can be used to test hypotheses about which governance forms are more useful for improving health system performance. The paper concludes by proposing specific measures of governance determinants and performance and describes the instruments available to collect and interpret them
    Language English
    Size Online-Ressource (46 p)
    Publisher The World Bank
    Publishing place Washington, D.C
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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