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  1. Article ; Online: Cystatin C as a Promising Biomarker of Atherosclerotic Plaque.

    Sawada, Shojiro

    Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis

    2020  Volume 28, Issue 5, Page(s) 474–476

    MeSH term(s) Aorta, Thoracic/diagnostic imaging ; Aorta, Thoracic/pathology ; Aortic Aneurysm/diagnosis ; Aortic Aneurysm/etiology ; Aortic Aneurysm/surgery ; Biomarkers/blood ; Computed Tomography Angiography/methods ; Correlation of Data ; Cystatin C/blood ; Humans ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic/blood ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic/complications ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic/diagnostic imaging ; Preoperative Care/methods ; Reproducibility of Results
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Cystatin C
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-10
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2011474-6
    ISSN 1880-3873 ; 1340-3478
    ISSN (online) 1880-3873
    ISSN 1340-3478
    DOI 10.5551/jat.ED140
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the lower jaw without osteolysis on computed tomography images.

    Kojima, Yuka / Sawada, Shunsuke / Sakamoto, Yuki

    Journal of bone and mineral metabolism

    2024  Volume 42, Issue 1, Page(s) 27–36

    Abstract: Introduction: Surgery is the standard treatment for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). This study reviewed patients with mandibular MRONJ who underwent surgical treatment, and in particular the characteristics of non-osteolytic MRONJ ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Surgery is the standard treatment for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). This study reviewed patients with mandibular MRONJ who underwent surgical treatment, and in particular the characteristics of non-osteolytic MRONJ with no evidence of osteolysis on CT were described.
    Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients with mandibular MRONJ who underwent surgery between January 2016 and September 2022. Various clinical and imaging factors regarding treatment outcomes were investigated and analyzed. Additionally, the disease course of non-osteolytic MRONJ was examined in detail.
    Results: This study included 55 patients (66 surgeries) with a mean age of 74.7. The primary disease was osteoporosis (24 patients) and malignancy (31 patients); the type of antiresorptive agent was bisphosphonate (BP) in 21 patients and denosumab (DMB) in 26. BP was initially administered; however, it was changed to DMB in eight patients. Preoperatively, the cumulative cure rates for all 66 surgeries were 72.8% at 1 year and 77.3% at 2 years. Cure rates were significantly lower in patients with malignancy, those without osteolysis, and those who underwent sequestrum removal or marginal mandibulectomy than those with osteoporosis, osteolysis, and segmental mandibulectomy. Non-osteolytic MRONJ was observed in eight patients, all with malignancy and receiving high-dose DMB. Only two patients were cured after the initial surgery, and most patients ultimately underwent segmental mandibulectomy.
    Conclusions: Surgical treatment yielded good treatment outcomes in most patients with mandibular MRONJ; however, the cure rate was lower in patients with malignancy who showed no osteolysis on CT images.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/diagnostic imaging ; Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/surgery ; Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/drug therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Osteolysis/diagnostic imaging ; Osteolysis/chemically induced ; Bone Density Conservation Agents/adverse effects ; Diphosphonates/therapeutic use ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Neoplasms ; Osteoporosis/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Bone Density Conservation Agents ; Diphosphonates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-09
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1295123-7
    ISSN 1435-5604 ; 0914-8779
    ISSN (online) 1435-5604
    ISSN 0914-8779
    DOI 10.1007/s00774-023-01484-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw without osteolysis on computed tomography: a retrospective and observational study.

    Sakamoto, Yuki / Sawada, Shunsuke / Kojima, Yuka

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 12890

    Abstract: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a refractory osteonecrosis caused by antiresorptive agents such as bisphosphonate and denosumab (DMB). In MRONJ surgery, computed tomography (CT) is generally used to determine the extent of bone ... ...

    Abstract Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a refractory osteonecrosis caused by antiresorptive agents such as bisphosphonate and denosumab (DMB). In MRONJ surgery, computed tomography (CT) is generally used to determine the extent of bone resection. However, in some recent MRONJ cases, no abnormal findings were detected on CT. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the characteristics of MRONJ without osteolysis. This retrospective and observational study included 18 patients diagnosed with MRONJ between October 2020 and October 2022 at Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Kansai Medical University Medical Center. In four of 18 patients with MRONJ, no abnormal findings such as osteolysis, separation of sequestrum, and periosteal reaction were observed on CT images at the first visit. All four patients with non-osteolytic MRONJ had malignant tumors and received high-dose DMB, and in the four patients there were no preceding dental infections such as apical lesions or periodontal disease and the trigger of MRONJ was unknown. Surgery was performed in three of the four patients. The extent of bone resection was determined using magnetic resonance imaging and intraoperative gross findings. In the future, it is necessary to establish a method for diagnosing non osteolytic MRONJ and determining the extent of bone resection.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/diagnostic imaging ; Osteolysis/diagnostic imaging ; Osteolysis/etiology ; Diphosphonates/adverse effects ; Bone Density Conservation Agents/adverse effects ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Jaw
    Chemical Substances Diphosphonates ; Bone Density Conservation Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-39755-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Drug holiday of high-dose denosumab and recovery from osteoclast inhibition using immunohistochemical investigation of 7 patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw undergoing segmental mandibulectomy.

    Sawada, Shunsuke / Sakamoto, Yuki / Kirihigashi, Mako / Kojima, Yuka

    Journal of dental sciences

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) 1645–1650

    Abstract: Background/purpose: Denosumab is used to treat bone metastases from malignant tumors. Unlike bisphosphonates, denosumab is not deposited in the bone; thus, withdrawal for a relatively short period would help recovery from osteoclast suppression. This ... ...

    Abstract Background/purpose: Denosumab is used to treat bone metastases from malignant tumors. Unlike bisphosphonates, denosumab is not deposited in the bone; thus, withdrawal for a relatively short period would help recovery from osteoclast suppression. This study investigated the relationship between drug holidays and recovery from osteoclast suppression.
    Materials and methods: Seven patients who received high-dose denosumab and underwent segmental mandibulectomy for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw were enrolled in this study. Osteoclast suppression (+) was defined as the absence of cathepsin K-positive cells or cathepsin K-positive mononuclear or small multinucleated cells observed on the bone surface of both mesial and distal specimens. When normal osteoclasts were found, osteoclast suppression was defined as (-); when both suppressed cathepsin K-positive cells and normal morphological osteoclasts were found, it was defined as (±).
    Results: Osteoclast suppression was: (+) in four patients, three without a drug holiday and one with a 9-month drug holiday; (±) in one patient with an 8-month drug holiday, and (-) in two patients with drug holidays for 13 and 20 months.
    Conclusion: These findings suggest that a long-term drug holiday, such as 12 months, is required for recovery from osteoclast suppression in patients with cancer receiving high-dose denosumab.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-11
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2213-8862
    ISSN (online) 2213-8862
    DOI 10.1016/j.jds.2023.01.021
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Microbiology of Acute Maxillary Sinusitis in Children.

    Sawada, Shoichi / Matsubara, Shigenori

    The Laryngoscope

    2021  Volume 131, Issue 10, Page(s) E2705–E2711

    Abstract: Objectives/hypothesis: Acute rhinosinusitis is a frequent common cold-related complication in children. Despite the need for appropriate treatment, its underlying microbiology remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the microbiology of acute ... ...

    Abstract Objectives/hypothesis: Acute rhinosinusitis is a frequent common cold-related complication in children. Despite the need for appropriate treatment, its underlying microbiology remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the microbiology of acute rhinosinusitis in children.
    Study design: Prospective non controlled study.
    Methods: Thirty-one pediatric acute maxillary sinusitis patients with severe symptoms were assessed. The subjects were 17 males and 14 females aged 5 to 14 years (mean age, 9.1 years). Maxillary sinus aspirates were collected and cultured, with subsequent viral and bacterial polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Bacteria were analyzed using culturing and PCR, and viruses were analyzed using PCR. The PCR kits used identify 18 types of respiratory viruses and 13 types of bacteria.
    Results: At least one pathogen was detected in 30 of 31 aspirates (97%) using PCR, and none of the aspirates contained respiratory viruses alone. Ten aspirates (32%) contained both viruses and bacteria. The most common viruses detected were rhinovirus (13%) and influenza virus (10%). The most common bacteria were Haemophilus influenzae (45%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (32%), Moraxella catarrhalis (16%), and Chlamydophila pneumoniae (13%). Bacteria were found in 21 of 31 cases (68%) via bacterial culturing. Culturing revealed that H influenzae was the most common pathogen (42%).
    Conclusions: In pediatric acute maxillary sinusitis, respiratory bacteria were detected in 65% of the sinus aspirates and both bacteria and viruses in 32%. The most common viruses were rhinovirus and influenza virus, and the most common bacteria were H influenzae and S pneumoniae. Viral and bacterial PCR is useful for accurately investigating the microbiology in pediatric sinusitis.
    Level of evidence: 3 Laryngoscope, 131:E2705-E2711, 2021.
    MeSH term(s) Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinusitis/microbiology ; Maxillary Sinusitis/virology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80180-x
    ISSN 1531-4995 ; 0023-852X
    ISSN (online) 1531-4995
    ISSN 0023-852X
    DOI 10.1002/lary.29564
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The moderating effect of place attachment on the relationship between economic status and well-being among the older adults in Japan.

    Sawada, Shigenobu / Toyosato, Takehiko

    Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.)

    2021  Volume 42, Issue 3, Page(s) 721–726

    Abstract: IKIGAI is culturally defined as a subjective evaluation of well-being in Japan and is believed to be an important factor in achieving a better life. This study determined the association between economic status and well-being using IKIGAI and the ... ...

    Abstract IKIGAI is culturally defined as a subjective evaluation of well-being in Japan and is believed to be an important factor in achieving a better life. This study determined the association between economic status and well-being using IKIGAI and the moderating effect of place attachment on their association among 499 older adults people over 65 years of age in Japan. The result of hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that lower economic status significantly decreased well-being. We also observed a significant interactive effect of place attachment on the association between economic status and well-being (β = 0.085, p = 0.041). In other words, improving place attachment was beneficial in alleviating the impact of lower economic status on well-being for the older adults. As the aged population increases across the globe, the way in which societies can counteract the adverse impact of economic status through place attachment could be highly beneficial.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Economic Status ; Humans ; Japan ; Socioeconomic Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632559-2
    ISSN 1528-3984 ; 0197-4572
    ISSN (online) 1528-3984
    ISSN 0197-4572
    DOI 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2021.03.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Thesis ; Online: Bestimmung des tierart-spezifischen Osteocalcins mit hochauflösender hybrid Massenspektrometrie

    Sawada, S.

    2011  

    Abstract: Die bovine spongiforme Enzephalopathie, auch Rinderwahnsinn genannt, wurde erstmals 1986 in Großbritannien beobachtet und breitete sich in den folgenden Jahren in Europa aus. Ein Hauptübertragungsweg dieser Krankheit war vermutlich die Verfütterung von ... ...

    Abstract Die bovine spongiforme Enzephalopathie, auch Rinderwahnsinn genannt, wurde erstmals 1986 in Großbritannien beobachtet und breitete sich in den folgenden Jahren in Europa aus. Ein Hauptübertragungsweg dieser Krankheit war vermutlich die Verfütterung von erregerhaltigen tierischen Futtermitteln von Wiederkäuern an die pflanzenfressenden Rinder. Experimentell konnte bestätigt werden, dass diese Krankheit auch auf andere Spezies, insbesondere auch den Menschen, übertragbar ist. Die Wissenschaft geht heute davon aus, dass der Mensch durch den Verzehr von BSE-erregerhaltigen Lebensmitteln mit BSE infizierbar ist und die neue Variante der Creutzfeld-Jakob-Krankheit auslösen kann. Um sowohl den Verbraucher, als auch die landwirtschaftlichen Nutztiere vor einer BSE Infektion zu schützen, wurde 2001 europarechtlich ein Verbot zur Verfütterung von Tiermehl erlassen. Aufgrund der rückläufigen BSE-Fallzahlen (2001: 125 infizierte Tiere; 2009: 2 BSE-Fälle [BMELV]) wurde in den letzten Jahren das Verbot gelockert, sodass einige Tiermehle (z.B. Fischmehl oder Blutmehl von Nicht-Wiederkäuern) wieder an diverse Spezies verfüttert werden dürfen. In Anbetracht dessen ist eine Methode zur Unterscheidung von Tiermehlen verschiedener Spezies von immenser Bedeutung, einerseits zur Einhaltung der lebensmittelrechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen, andererseits um eine Infektion und mögliche zukünftige Verbreitung von BSE zu verhindern. Neben der europarechtlich festgelegten mikroskopischen Analysemethode zur Untersuchung von Futtermitteln [Verordnung (EG) 152/2009], wurden weitere Methoden u.a. mit der Polymerasekettenreaktion oder Immunoassay zur Tiermehlunterscheidung entwickelt. Allerdings ist keine dieser Methoden sensitiv und selektiv genug, um zwischen allen Spezies unterscheiden zu können. Ziel dieser Diplomarbeit war es eine Methode zur Tierartidentifizierung in Tiermehl mittels Elektrosprayionisation und hochauslösender Hybrid-Massenspektrometrie (ESIqTOF-MS) zu etablieren. Anhand des Markerproteins Osteocalcin sollte aufgrund dessen variabler Aminosäuresequenz eine speziesspezifische Identifizierung möglich sein. Unter Berücksichtigung der EG-Verordnung 999/2001, in der festgelegt ist, dass die Tiermehle während der Verarbeitung auf mindestens 133 °C (3 bar, 20 Minuten) erhitzt werden, wurden Tiermehlproben mit einer unterschiedlichen Sterilisationstemperatur (133 °C bis141 °C) der Spezies Rind, Schwein und Huhn untersucht. Die Probenaufarbeitung (Festphasenextraktion mit ZipTip-C18-Pipettenspitzen und zweidimensionale Hochdruckflüssigchromatographie), sowie die Analyse mit einem MALDI-TOF-MS als Screening-Methode wurden gemäß dem Protokoll von Balizs et al. [2010] durchgeführt. Da die alleinige Aufreinigung der Tiermehlproben mit der Festphasenextraktion nicht ausreichend war, wurde für die Analyse mit dem ESI-qTOFMSdie zweidimensionale HPLC als Probenaufarbeitung verwendet. Für die Identifizierung des Osteocalcins in den trypsinierten Probenlösungen war eine Kopplung einer nano-HPLC an ein hochauflösendes Hybrid-Massenspektrometer besonders geeignet. Die Trennung der Peptide des Osteocalcins erfolgte mit einer Reversed-Phase-Chromatographie basierend auf Gradientenelution und der vorherigen Anreicherung mit einer Vorsäule. Die eluierten Peptide wurden im Anschluss massenspektrometrisch analysiert und identifiziert. Mit Hilfe dieser Methode konnte eine Identifizierung des Osteocalcins bis zu einer Prozessierungstemperatur <141 °C anhand des spezifischen Peptids 1-19 (dreifachgeladen), und den unspezifischen Peptiden AS 20-43 und AS 21-44 (drei- und vierfachgeladen) des trypsinierten Osteocalcins in bovinen und porcinen Tiermehl gewährleisten werden. Das trypsinierte Osteocalcin in der avianen Tiermehlprobe konnte anhand der Peptide AS 45-49, AS 1-20 (dreifachgeladen), AS 21-44 (drei- und vierfachgeladen), AS 21-43 (dreifachgeladen) nachgewiesen werden. In den hoch erhitzten Tiermehlen war es trotz diverser Optimierungsansätze wie eine zusätzliche 30 kDa Ultrazentrifugation während der Probenaufarbeitung und eine Filtrierung der Probenlösung nicht möglich Osteocalcin zu detektieren. Dies könnte mit der Degradation des Osteocalcins und hohen Kollagengehalt der Tiermehlproben begründet werden. Weiterhin könnte das Alter der Tiere, welche für die Tiermehlherstellung verwendet wurden, eine Rolle spielen. Jungtiere weisen nur geringe Osteocalcinkonzentrationen in den Knochen auf, was eine Detektion des Osteocalcins ind em möglicherweise daraus hergestellten Tiermehl erschwerte. Zukünftig können auch Tiermehle anderer Spezies mit unterschiedlichen Prozessierungstemperaturen verschiedener Hersteller mit dieser Methode analysiert werden. Weiterhin besteht die Möglichkeit den Osteocalcin-Gehalt in dem Tiermehl zu quantifizieren.
    Keywords ddc:630
    Subject code 540
    Language German
    Publishing country de
    Document type Thesis ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Thesis ; Online: Bestimmung des tierart-spezifischen Osteocalcins mit hochauflösender hybrid Massenspektrometrie

    Sawada, S.

    2011  

    Abstract: Die bovine spongiforme Enzephalopathie, auch Rinderwahnsinn genannt, wurde erstmals 1986 in Großbritannien beobachtet und breitete sich in den folgenden Jahren in Europa aus. Ein Hauptübertragungsweg dieser Krankheit war vermutlich die Verfütterung von ... ...

    Abstract Die bovine spongiforme Enzephalopathie, auch Rinderwahnsinn genannt, wurde erstmals 1986 in Großbritannien beobachtet und breitete sich in den folgenden Jahren in Europa aus. Ein Hauptübertragungsweg dieser Krankheit war vermutlich die Verfütterung von erregerhaltigen tierischen Futtermitteln von Wiederkäuern an die pflanzenfressenden Rinder. Experimentell konnte bestätigt werden, dass diese Krankheit auch auf andere Spezies, insbesondere auch den Menschen, übertragbar ist. Die Wissenschaft geht heute davon aus, dass der Mensch durch den Verzehr von BSE-erregerhaltigen Lebensmitteln mit BSE infizierbar ist und die neue Variante der Creutzfeld-Jakob-Krankheit auslösen kann. Um sowohl den Verbraucher, als auch die landwirtschaftlichen Nutztiere vor einer BSE Infektion zu schützen, wurde 2001 europarechtlich ein Verbot zur Verfütterung von Tiermehl erlassen. Aufgrund der rückläufigen BSE-Fallzahlen (2001: 125 infizierte Tiere; 2009: 2 BSE-Fälle [BMELV]) wurde in den letzten Jahren das Verbot gelockert, sodass einige Tiermehle (z.B. Fischmehl oder Blutmehl von Nicht-Wiederkäuern) wieder an diverse Spezies verfüttert werden dürfen. In Anbetracht dessen ist eine Methode zur Unterscheidung von Tiermehlen verschiedener Spezies von immenser Bedeutung, einerseits zur Einhaltung der lebensmittelrechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen, andererseits um eine Infektion und mögliche zukünftige Verbreitung von BSE zu verhindern. Neben der europarechtlich festgelegten mikroskopischen Analysemethode zur Untersuchung von Futtermitteln [Verordnung (EG) 152/2009], wurden weitere Methoden u.a. mit der Polymerasekettenreaktion oder Immunoassay zur Tiermehlunterscheidung entwickelt. Allerdings ist keine dieser Methoden sensitiv und selektiv genug, um zwischen allen Spezies unterscheiden zu können. Ziel dieser Diplomarbeit war es eine Methode zur Tierartidentifizierung in Tiermehl mittels Elektrosprayionisation und hochauslösender Hybrid-Massenspektrometrie (ESIqTOF-MS) zu etablieren. Anhand des Markerproteins Osteocalcin sollte aufgrund dessen ...
    Keywords Text ; ddc:630
    Subject code 540
    Language German
    Publishing country de
    Document type Thesis ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Stable High-Capacity Elemental Sulfur Cathodes with Simple Process for Lithium Sulfur Batteries.

    Sawada, Shunsuke / Yoshida, Hideki / Luski, Shalom / Markevich, Elena / Salitra, Gregory / Elias, Yuval / Aurbach, Doron

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 12

    Abstract: Lithium sulfur batteries are suitable for drones due to their high gravimetric energy density (2600 Wh/kg of sulfur). However, on the cathode side, high specific capacity with high sulfur loading (high areal capacity) is challenging due to the poor ... ...

    Abstract Lithium sulfur batteries are suitable for drones due to their high gravimetric energy density (2600 Wh/kg of sulfur). However, on the cathode side, high specific capacity with high sulfur loading (high areal capacity) is challenging due to the poor conductivity of sulfur. Shuttling of Li-sulfide species between the sulfur cathode and lithium anode also limits specific capacity. Sulfur-carbon composite active materials with encapsulated sulfur address both issues but require expensive processing and have low sulfur content with limited areal capacity. Proper encapsulation of sulfur in carbonaceous structures along with active additives in solution may largely mitigate shuttling, resulting in cells with improved energy density at relatively low cost. Here, composite current collectors, selected binders, and carbonaceous matrices impregnated with an active mass were used to award stable sulfur cathodes with high areal specific capacity. All three components are necessary to reach a high sulfur loading of 3.8 mg/cm
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules28124568
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: A novel green chemistry gelation method for polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and dimethylpolysiloxane (silicone): microwave-induced in-liquid-plasma.

    Horikoshi, Satoshi / Sawada, Seiya / Serpone, Nick

    RSC advances

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 39, Page(s) 24326–24335

    Abstract: The focus of this article rests on our discovery that a water-soluble polymer could be cross-linked to form a gel using a novel Green Chemistry gelation method: the microwave-induced in-liquid-plasma (MILP) method that requires neither a cross-linking ... ...

    Abstract The focus of this article rests on our discovery that a water-soluble polymer could be cross-linked to form a gel using a novel Green Chemistry gelation method: the microwave-induced in-liquid-plasma (MILP) method that requires neither a cross-linking agent nor an initiator as are required in the conventional chemical method. For instance, the water-soluble polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) polymer was gelled by MILP plasma irradiation within a few minutes without using toxic cross-linking agents and initiators. As well, the hydrophobic dimethylpolysiloxane macromolecule was dispersed in aqueous media to a colloidal sol, which could then also be easily gelled under MILP irradiation conditions within a few minutes, in comparison to the conventional method that often requires several hours to days for gelation to occur in the presence of cross-linking agents and initiators. The viscosity of the MILP silicone gel was greater than a similar gel formed by the conventional method. In contrast, the viscosity of the MILP-formed PVP gel was lower than the viscosity of the PVP gel obtained from the conventional method. Gels were characterized by
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2046-2069
    ISSN (online) 2046-2069
    DOI 10.1039/d1ra03007h
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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