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Article ; Online: Psychological characteristics of developing excellence in talented female field hockey players.

Edwards, Philip L / MacNamara, Áine / Saward, Chris

2023 Volume 41, Issue 3, Page(s) 307–318

Abstract: Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence (PCDEs) are a range of psychological factors that play a key role in the realisation of potential. We examined PCDE profiles across a female national talent development field hockey programme in ... ...

Abstract	Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence (PCDEs) are a range of psychological factors that play a key role in the realisation of potential. We examined PCDE profiles across a female national talent development field hockey programme in North America. Two-hundred-and-sixty-seven players completed the Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence Questionnaire version 2 (PCDEQ-2) prior to the competitive season. One-hundred-and-fourteen players were classified as juniors (under-18) and 153 as seniors (over-18). Eighty-five players were classified as non-selected (not-selected to their age-group national team), and 182 as selected (selected to their age-group national team). A MANOVA showed multivariate differences based on age, selection status and their interaction, within this already homogenous sample, suggesting that sub-groups within this sample vary depending on their overall PCDE profiles. ANOVA showed differences in imagery and active preparation, perfectionist tendencies and clinical indicators between juniors and seniors. Furthermore, differences in imagery and active preparation, and perfectionist tendencies, were observed between selected and non-selected players. Subsequently, four individual cases were identified for further analysis based on their multivariate distance to the average PCDE profile. The use of the PCDEQ-2 at group- and particularly at individual-levels seems an important tool to support athletes as they navigate their development journey.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Hockey/psychology ; Athletes ; Multivariate Analysis ; Aptitude
Chemical Substances	2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorodiphenyl ether (119036-18-9)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	995528-8
ISSN	1466-447X ; 0264-0414
ISSN (online)	1466-447X
ISSN	0264-0414
DOI	10.1080/02640414.2023.2209440
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Article ; Online: Motivational profiles and their relation to wellbeing, burnout, and drop-out intentions in university football players in the UK: A mixed methods approach.

Saward, Chris / Harrison, David / Healy, Laura / Sarkar, Mustafa

Psychology of sport and exercise

2023 Volume 71, Page(s) 102585

Abstract: In this multi-study paper, we adopted a mixed methods approach to examine the motivational profiles of sub-elite student footballers participating in UK university sport, in relation to their wellbeing, burnout, and drop-out intentions. In Study 1 we ... ...

Abstract	In this multi-study paper, we adopted a mixed methods approach to examine the motivational profiles of sub-elite student footballers participating in UK university sport, in relation to their wellbeing, burnout, and drop-out intentions. In Study 1 we used a cross-sectional survey design to collect quantitative measures of motivational regulations, wellbeing, burnout, and drop-out intentions in 260 (n = 129 female) and (n = 131 male) sub-elite university footballers from UK universities (Mage = 20.7 y, SD = 1.5 y). Latent profile analysis revealed five distinct motivational regulation profiles that we deemed ranged from less to more motivationally adaptive in the following order: High-controlled, Amotivated (n = 27), Very-low Motivation (n = 32), Average Motivation (n = 104), High-autonomous, High-controlled (n = 38), and High-autonomous, Low-controlled (n = 59). Wald chi-square tests revealed between-profile differences in wellbeing (χ
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Male ; Burnout, Professional ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Intention ; Motivation ; United Kingdom ; Universities ; Young Adult ; Soccer
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1878-5476
ISSN (online)	1878-5476
DOI	10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102585
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Article ; Online: Relationship between Football-Specific Training Characteristics and Tibial Bone Adaptation in Male Academy Football Players.

Varley, Ian / Sale, Craig / Greeves, Julie P / Morris, John G / Sunderland, Caroline / Saward, Chris

Sports (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 11, Issue 4

Abstract: We examined the relationship between football-specific training and changes in bone structural properties across a 12-week period in 15 male football players aged 16 years (Mean ± 1 SD = 16.6 ± 0.3 years) that belonged to a professional football academy. ...

Abstract	We examined the relationship between football-specific training and changes in bone structural properties across a 12-week period in 15 male football players aged 16 years (Mean ± 1 SD = 16.6 ± 0.3 years) that belonged to a professional football academy. Tibial scans were performed at 4%, 14% and 38% sites using peripheral quantitative computed tomography immediately before and 12 weeks after increased football-specific training. Training was analysed using GPS to quantify peak speed, average speed, total distance and high-speed distance. Analyses were conducted with bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals (BCa 95% CI). There were increases in bone mass at the 4% (mean ∆ = 0.15 g, BCa 95% CI = 0.07, 0.26 g,
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2704239-X
ISSN	2075-4663 ; 2075-4663
ISSN (online)	2075-4663
ISSN	2075-4663
DOI	10.3390/sports11040086
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Article ; Online: "From everything to nothing in a split second": Elite youth players' experiences of release from professional football academies.

McGlinchey, Thomas Ryan / Saward, Chris / Healy, Laura Catherine / Sarkar, Mustafa

Frontiers in sports and active living

2022 Volume 4, Page(s) 941482

Abstract: Previous research has assessed the affects release from football academies has on psychological distress and athletic identity of players. However, there has been no qualitative research exploring players' experiences of the release process. This study ... ...

Abstract	Previous research has assessed the affects release from football academies has on psychological distress and athletic identity of players. However, there has been no qualitative research exploring players' experiences of the release process. This study retrospectively explored players' lived experiences of being released from a professional football academy, having completed a scholarship (from ages 16-18). Four male football players (age 21.6 ± 1.5 years) who had experienced release from professional academies participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Four super-ordinate themes were interpreted from the data: Foreshadowing release-"left out in the cold", The process of release, Support during the process of release and New beginnings-"there's a bigger world than just playing football every day". Players reported that their contract meeting was a traumatic experience, and they experienced psychological difficulties in the longer-term following release. Factors that compounded the players' release were: a lack of aftercare being provided by the players' professional clubs for their wellbeing, and a disuse of social support, which hindered their transition out of full-time football. Context relevant recommendations are made to help improve the release process for elite youth football players.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2624-9367
ISSN (online)	2624-9367
DOI	10.3389/fspor.2022.941482
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Article ; Online: The Running and Technical Performance of U13 to U18 Elite Japanese Soccer Players During Match Play.

Goto, Heita / Saward, Chris

Journal of strength and conditioning research

2019 Volume 34, Issue 6, Page(s) 1564–1573

Abstract: Goto, H and Saward, C. The running and technical performance of U13 to U18 elite Japanese soccer players during match play. J Strength Cond Res 34(6): 1564-1573, 2020-The aims of the current study were (a) to examine age-related differences in match ... ...

Abstract	Goto, H and Saward, C. The running and technical performance of U13 to U18 elite Japanese soccer players during match play. J Strength Cond Res 34(6): 1564-1573, 2020-The aims of the current study were (a) to examine age-related differences in match running performance with 2 different approaches (speed vs. metabolic power) in U13-U18 Japanese elite soccer players and (b) to examine age-related differences in technical match performance in U13-U18 Japanese elite soccer players. Participants were 110 outfield players from academies of 2 professional soccer clubs in Japan. Forty-eight 11-a-side official league matches (13, 6, 9, 7, 6, and 7 matches for U13, U14, U15, U16, U17, and U18 age-groups, respectively) were analyzed (152 complete match files). Global positioning system (15 Hz) and video analysis were used to analyze running and technical performance during matches, respectively. Total distance covered in absolute terms (U13 < [U14 and U15] < [U16-U18]; p < 0.05 for all), high-intensity running distance ([U13-U15] < [U16-U18]; p < 0.05 for all), and distance covered during the metabolic power zone of ≥35 W·kg relative to match playing time ([U13 < U16], [U13-U15] < [U17 and U18]; p < 0.05 for all) increased with age. The speed zone based approach (high-intensity running distance, ≥4.0 m·s) underestimated high-intensity demands compared with the metabolic power zone based approach (≥20 W·kg) by ∼33 to ∼57% (p < 0.01 for all), with the underestimation declining with age (p < 0.001). Pass accuracy improved with age from 73% at U13 to 85% at U18 (p < 0.001). Therefore, distance covered at high speeds and at high metabolic powers, and pass accuracy increase with age. Moreover, the speed zone based approach underestimates the demands of match play in Japanese elite youth soccer players. The current results could support coaches to develop players, identify talent, and produce age-specific training programs.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Aptitude ; Athletic Performance/physiology ; Geographic Information Systems ; Humans ; Japan ; Running/physiology ; Soccer/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1156349-7
ISSN	1533-4287 ; 1064-8011
ISSN (online)	1533-4287
ISSN	1064-8011
DOI	10.1519/JSC.0000000000003300
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Article ; Online: Exploration of Psychological Resilience during a 25-Day Endurance Challenge in an Extreme Environment.

Harrison, David / Sarkar, Mustafa / Saward, Chris / Sunderland, Caroline

International journal of environmental research and public health

2021 Volume 18, Issue 23

Abstract: Psychological resilience is the ability to use personal qualities to withstand pressure, consisting of the interaction between the individual and the environment over time. It is essential when operating in extreme environments which are typically ... ...

Abstract	Psychological resilience is the ability to use personal qualities to withstand pressure, consisting of the interaction between the individual and the environment over time. It is essential when operating in extreme environments which are typically characterised by a complex combination of stressors with increased elements of risk and adversity. Psychological resilience has never been investigated "live" (e.g., in the moment) throughout the duration of an extreme endurance challenge, despite anecdotal accounts of the need for resilience to successfully function in such environments. The aim of the study was to explore psychological resilience with challenge team members (
MeSH term(s)	Adaptation, Psychological ; Extreme Environments ; Focus Groups ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Resilience, Psychological
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph182312707
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Article ; Online: Modelling Changes in Bone and Body Composition Over a Season in Elite Male Footballers.

Varley, Ian / Ward, Marcus / Thorpe, Chris / Beardsley, Nathan / Greeves, Julie / Sale, Craig / Saward, Chris

International journal of sports medicine

2022 Volume 43, Issue 8, Page(s) 729–739

Abstract: This study investigated the change in bone and body composition characteristics of elite football players and recreationally active control participants across the course of a season. Fortysix participants (20 footballers and 26 recreationally active ... ...

Abstract	This study investigated the change in bone and body composition characteristics of elite football players and recreationally active control participants across the course of a season. Fortysix participants (20 footballers and 26 recreationally active controls) were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography for a range of bone and body composition characteristics at four points over the course of a competitive season. Multilevel modelling was used to examine changes. Footballers had higher characteristics than controls for 24 out of 29 dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography variables (all p<0.05). However, there was also significant random inter-individual variation in baseline values for all variables, for both footballers and controls (p < 0.05). Wholebody bone mineral density, leg and whole-body bone mineral content, tibial bone mass and area (38%) increased across the season in footballers (p < 0.05), and there was significant random inter-individual variation in the rate of increase of leg and whole-body bone mineral content (p<0.05). Whole-body bone mineral density, leg and whole-body bone mineral content, tibial bone mass and area (38%) increased over the course of the season in elite football players. The modelling information on expected changes in bone characteristics provides practitioners with a method of identifying those with abnormal bone response to football training and match-play.
MeSH term(s)	Absorptiometry, Photon ; Body Composition/physiology ; Bone Density/physiology ; Football/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Seasons
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-06
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603122-5
ISSN	1439-3964 ; 0172-4622 ; 0943-917X
ISSN (online)	1439-3964
ISSN	0172-4622 ; 0943-917X
DOI	10.1055/a-1810-6774
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Article ; Online: Combined Turmeric, Vitamin C, and Vitamin D Ready-to-Drink Supplements Reduce Upper Respiratory Illness Symptoms and Gastrointestinal Discomfort in Elite Male Football Players.

Clayton, David J / Burbeary, Ross / Parker, Connor / James, Ruth M / Saward, Chris / Procter, Eleanor L / Mode, William J A / Baker, Carla / Hough, John / Williams, Neil C / Rossington, Harry / Varley, Ian

Nutrients

2024 Volume 16, Issue 2

Abstract: Elite football is associated with the increased risk of illness, although targeted supplementation can reduce illness risk. This study assessed the effects of a supplement containing turmeric root within a black pepper and fat-soluble blend, vitamin C ... ...

Abstract	Elite football is associated with the increased risk of illness, although targeted supplementation can reduce illness risk. This study assessed the effects of a supplement containing turmeric root within a black pepper and fat-soluble blend, vitamin C and vitamin D, on upper respiratory symptoms (URS), gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS), muscle soreness, and markers of inflammation and gut permeability in elite male footballers. Twenty-three footballers completed 3 weeks of no intervention (CON), followed by 16 weeks of daily consuming 60 mL of a commercially available supplement containing raw turmeric root (17.5 g, estimated to contain 700 mg of curcumin), vitamin C (1000 mg), and vitamin D3 (3000 IU/75 mcg) (SUP). URS and GIS were measured daily. Immediately (0 h), 40, and 64 h after six competitive matches (two in CON, four in SUP), the subjective soreness and plasma concentrations of creatine kinase [CK], c-reactive protein [CRP], and intestinal fatty-acid binding protein [I-FABP] were assessed. URS incidence (
MeSH term(s)	Ascorbic Acid ; Football ; Curcuma ; Vitamins ; Dietary Supplements ; Vitamin D ; C-Reactive Protein ; Creatine Kinase
Chemical Substances	Ascorbic Acid (PQ6CK8PD0R) ; Vitamins ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4) ; Creatine Kinase (EC 2.7.3.2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu16020243
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Article: [No title information]

Varley, Ian / Ward, Marcus / Thorpe, Chris / Beardsley, Nathan / Greeves, Julie / Sale, Craig / Saward, Chris

International Journal of Sports Medicine

2022 Volume 43, Issue 08, Page(s) 729–739

Abstract	This study investigated the change in bone and body composition characteristics of elite football players and recreationally active control participants across the course of a season. Fortysix participants (20 footballers and 26 recreationally active controls) were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography for a range of bone and body composition characteristics at four points over the course of a competitive season. Multilevel modelling was used to examine changes. Footballers had higher characteristics than controls for 24 out of 29 dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography variables (all p<0.05). However, there was also significant random inter-individual variation in baseline values for all variables, for both footballers and controls (p < 0.05). Wholebody bone mineral density, leg and whole-body bone mineral content, tibial bone mass and area (38%) increased across the season in footballers (p < 0.05), and there was significant random inter-individual variation in the rate of increase of leg and whole-body bone mineral content (p<0.05). Whole-body bone mineral density, leg and whole-body bone mineral content, tibial bone mass and area (38%) increased over the course of the season in elite football players. The modelling information on expected changes in bone characteristics provides practitioners with a method of identifying those with abnormal bone response to football training and match-play
Keywords	bone ; exercise ; football
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-06
Publisher	Georg Thieme Verlag
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	603122-5
ISSN	1439-3964 ; 0172-4622 ; 0943-917X
ISSN (online)	1439-3964
ISSN	0172-4622 ; 0943-917X
DOI	10.1055/a-1810-6774
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article ; Online: Longitudinal Physical Development of Future Professional Male Soccer Players: Implications for Talent Identification and Development?

Saward, Chris / Hulse, Mark / Morris, John G / Goto, Heita / Sunderland, Caroline / Nevill, Mary E

Frontiers in sports and active living

2020 Volume 2, Page(s) 578203

Abstract: The present study examined if elite youth male association football (soccer) players aged 8-19 y ( ...

Abstract	The present study examined if elite youth male association football (soccer) players aged 8-19 y (
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2624-9367
ISSN (online)	2624-9367
DOI	10.3389/fspor.2020.578203
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