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  1. Article: Mating preference is mating system and relatedness dependent in the ladybird beetle, Menochilus sexmaculatus

    Saxena, Swati / Mishra, Geetanjali / Omkar

    Ethology. 2021 Nov., v. 127, no. 11

    2021  

    Abstract: Mate choice results from the sensory or behavioural properties that cause individuals to mate with some phenotypes and not others. It can result in direct or indirect (genetic) benefits. Mate choice can also be influenced by various abiotic and biotic ... ...

    Abstract Mate choice results from the sensory or behavioural properties that cause individuals to mate with some phenotypes and not others. It can result in direct or indirect (genetic) benefits. Mate choice can also be influenced by various abiotic and biotic factors including the mating system. Here, we investigated how the mating system of the ladybird, Menochilus sexmaculatus, influences mate choice and also affects the time of commencement of mating, copulation duration, fecundity and percent egg viability. We also tested whether mate choice is dynamically affected by relatedness. We found that monandrous and polyandrous females both preferred polyandrous rather than monandrous males. In contrast, males preferred monandrous females over polyandrous females. However, females preferred unrelated monogynous males which were earlier rejected over related polygynous and males preferred unrelated polyandrous females over related monandrous females. Mating system and relatedness also impacted time to commence mating and copulation duration, fecundity and percent egg viability. This will help us to understand precisely why these shifts occur, which will be the subject of future study.
    Keywords Coleoptera ; animal behavior ; copulation ; eggs ; fecundity ; monogyny ; polyandry ; polygyny ; viability
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-11
    Size p. 943-954.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 633469-6
    ISSN 0179-1613
    ISSN 0179-1613
    DOI 10.1111/eth.13215
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Digest: Brain or brawn: Trade-offs between brain size and flight mode in birds.

    Saxena, Swati / Hosken, David J / Dutta, Tusheema

    Evolution; international journal of organic evolution

    2022  Volume 76, Issue 8, Page(s) 1916–1918

    Abstract: Brain size is extremely variable across species, and its evolution depends upon the calorific trade-offs between it and other organs and activities. Shiomi investigated potential brain size trade-offs with different flight modes in birds. Flight can be ... ...

    Abstract Brain size is extremely variable across species, and its evolution depends upon the calorific trade-offs between it and other organs and activities. Shiomi investigated potential brain size trade-offs with different flight modes in birds. Flight can be energetically expensive, and costs are especially high with powered flight. This comparative study indicated that migratory birds employing less energetic modes of flight had relatively larger brains than migratory birds using powered flight, suggesting that brain size is impacted by the energetic costs of flight.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Birds ; Brain ; Energy Metabolism ; Flight, Animal ; Organ Size
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type News ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2036375-8
    ISSN 1558-5646 ; 0014-3820
    ISSN (online) 1558-5646
    ISSN 0014-3820
    DOI 10.1111/evo.14548
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Genomic survey of high-throughput RNA-Seq data implicates involvement of long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) in cytoplasmic male-sterility and fertility restoration in pigeon pea.

    Saxena, Swati / Das, Antara / Kaila, Tanvi / Ramakrishna, G / Sharma, Sandhya / Gaikwad, Kishor

    Genes & genomics

    2023  Volume 45, Issue 6, Page(s) 783–811

    Abstract: Background: Long-intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) originate from intergenic regions and have no coding potential. LincRNAs have emerged as key players in the regulation of various biological processes in plant development. Cytoplasmic male- ... ...

    Abstract Background: Long-intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) originate from intergenic regions and have no coding potential. LincRNAs have emerged as key players in the regulation of various biological processes in plant development. Cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS) in association with restorer-of-fertility (Rf) systems makes it a highly reliable tool for exploring heterosis for producing commercial hybrid seeds. To date, there have been no reports of lincRNAs during pollen development in CMS and fertility restorer lines in pigeon pea.
    Objective: Identification of lincRNAs in the floral buds of cytoplasmic male-sterile (AKCMS11) and fertility restorer (AKPR303) pigeon pea lines.
    Methods: We employed a computational approach to identify lincRNAs in the floral buds of cytoplasmic male-sterile (AKCMS11) and fertility restorer (AKPR303) pigeon pea lines using RNA-Seq data.
    Results: We predicted a total of 2145 potential lincRNAs of which 966 were observed to be differentially expressed between the sterile and fertile pollen. We identified, 927 cis-regulated and 383 trans-regulated target genes of the lincRNAs. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of the target genes revealed that these genes were specifically enriched in pathways like pollen and pollen tube development, oxidative phosphorylation, etc. We detected 23 lincRNAs that were co-expressed with 17 pollen-related genes with known functions. Fifty-nine lincRNAs were predicted to be endogenous target mimics (eTMs) for 25 miRNAs, and found to be associated with pollen development. The, lincRNA regulatory networks revealed that different lincRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks might be associated with CMS and fertility restoration.
    Conclusion: Thus, this study provides valuable information by highlighting the functions of lincRNAs as regulators during pollen development in pigeon pea and utilization in hybrid seed production.
    MeSH term(s) RNA-Seq ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics ; RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Cajanus/genetics ; Cajanus/metabolism ; Fertility/genetics ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; Genomics ; Infertility
    Chemical Substances RNA, Long Noncoding ; MicroRNAs
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-28
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2504587-8
    ISSN 2092-9293 ; 1976-9571
    ISSN (online) 2092-9293
    ISSN 1976-9571
    DOI 10.1007/s13258-023-01383-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Withdrawn: Mating system drives the mate selection in aphidophagous ladybird, Menochilus sexmaculatus.

    Saxena, Swati / Mishra, Geetanjali / Omkar, Omkar

    Journal of evolutionary biology

    2020  Volume 33, Issue 3, Page(s) 384

    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1465318-7
    ISSN 1420-9101 ; 1010-061X
    ISSN (online) 1420-9101
    ISSN 1010-061X
    DOI 10.1111/jeb.13553
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Comparative transcriptome analysis of two contrasting genotypes provides new insights into the drought response mechanism in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.).

    Pahal, Suman / Srivastava, Harsha / Saxena, Swati / Tribhuvan, Kishor U / Kaila, Tanvi / Sharma, Sandhya / Grewal, Sapna / Singh, Nagendra K / Gaikwad, Kishor

    Genes & genomics

    2023  Volume 46, Issue 1, Page(s) 65–94

    Abstract: Background: Despite plant's ability to adapt and withstand challenging environments, drought poses a severe threat to their growth and development. Although pigeon pea is already quite resistant to drought, the prolonged dehydration induced by the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Despite plant's ability to adapt and withstand challenging environments, drought poses a severe threat to their growth and development. Although pigeon pea is already quite resistant to drought, the prolonged dehydration induced by the aberrant climate poses a serious threat to their survival and productivity.
    Objective: Comparative physiological and transcriptome analyses of drought-tolerant (CO5) and drought-sensitive (CO1) pigeon pea genotypes subjected to drought stress were carried out in order to understand the molecular basis of drought tolerance in pigeon pea.
    Methods: The transcriptomic analysis allowed us to examine how drought affects the gene expression of C. cajan. Using bioinformatics tools, the unigenes were de novo assembled, annotated, and functionally evaluated. Additionally, a homology-based sequence search against the droughtDB database was performed to identify the orthologs of the DEGs.
    Results: 1102 potential drought-responsive genes were found to be differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive genotypes. These included Abscisic acid insensitive 5 (ABI5), Nuclear transcription factor Y subunit A-7 (NF-YA7), WD40 repeat-containing protein 55 (WDR55), Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) and Zinc-finger homeodomain protein 6 (ZF-HD6) and were highly expressed in the tolerant genotype. Further, GO analysis revealed that the most enriched classes belonged to biosynthetic and metabolic processes in the biological process category, binding and catalytic activity in the molecular function category and nucleus and protein-containing complex in the cellular component category. Results of KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the DEGs were significantly abundant in signalling pathways such as plant hormone signal transduction and MAPK signalling pathways. Consequently, in our investigation, we have identified and validated by qPCR a group of genes involved in signal reception and propagation, stress-specific TFs, and basal regulatory genes associated with drought response.
    Conclusion: In conclusion, our comprehensive transcriptome dataset enabled the discovery of candidate genes connected to pathways involved in pigeon pea drought response. Our research uncovered a number of unidentified genes and transcription factors that could be used to understand and improve susceptibility to drought.
    MeSH term(s) Transcriptome ; Cajanus/genetics ; Droughts ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genotype
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-20
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2504587-8
    ISSN 2092-9293 ; 1976-9571
    ISSN (online) 2092-9293
    ISSN 1976-9571
    DOI 10.1007/s13258-023-01460-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Histological changes at the commissure of the lip on approaching from its cutaneous to the mucosa region in males.

    Saxena, Swati / Pankaj, Arvind Kumar / Panwar, Sachin / Rani, Anita / Chopra, Jyoti / Rani, Archana

    National journal of maxillofacial surgery

    2021  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 88–92

    Abstract: Introduction: The morphology of the epithelium of the oral lips comprised keratinized external epithelium (anteriorly) and nonkeratinized or sometimes parakeratinized mucous membrane epithelium (posteriorly). Knowledge of morphometry of the lip lining ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: The morphology of the epithelium of the oral lips comprised keratinized external epithelium (anteriorly) and nonkeratinized or sometimes parakeratinized mucous membrane epithelium (posteriorly). Knowledge of morphometry of the lip lining helps in deciding the best site for choosing graft for its better uptake during several dermal grafting procedures following trauma or tumor excision following craniofacial cancers or cosmetic procedures.
    Materials and methods: Ten human male cadavers were procured at the Department of Anatomy King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. The rectangle-shaped skin specimen through the right commissure of the lip which included the skin, mucocutaneous junction, and mucosa was stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain. A total of 30 slides were prepared. Thus, the readings were obtained for three regions, respectively, with the help of CAT-CAM E-series HD cameras which were installed in a light microscope.
    Results: Thickness of skin (epidermis + dermis) of the lip ranged from 756 μm to 1068 μm among males. Epidermal thickness increases on moving from the cutaneous region to the mucosa region of the lip. The lowest contribution of the stratum corneum in thickness of the epidermis was observed in the vermillion region, while the highest contribution was observed in the skin region. It was found to be absent in the mucosa region of the lip. Rete pegs at the dermoepidermal junction was found to be maximum in the vermillion region and minimum in the skin region. Its depth increased as we move from the skin to the mucosa region of the lip. Depth of the dermis was found to be maximum in the skin region, while minimum in the vermillion region. It ranged between 291 μm and 693 μm.
    Conclusion: Care should be taken while using dermal fillers in lip augmentation surgeries, especially in the vermillion region due to its close proximity to musculature in the core of the lip.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-16
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2653583-X
    ISSN 2229-3418 ; 0975-5950
    ISSN (online) 2229-3418
    ISSN 0975-5950
    DOI 10.4103/njms.NJMS_15_20
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Does regeneration ability influence reproductive fitness in Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)?

    Saxena, Swati / Geetanjali Mishra / Omkar

    Korean Society of Applied Entomology, Taiwan Entomological Society and Malaysian Plant Protection Society. Journal of Asia-Pacific entomology. 2016 Sept., v. 19, no. 3

    2016  

    Abstract: In holometabolous insects the complete transformation in body plan occurs in two steps i.e. from last larval stage to pupa and from pupa to adults. A couple of studies revealed that regeneration depends upon the site of amputation. In the present study, ... ...

    Abstract In holometabolous insects the complete transformation in body plan occurs in two steps i.e. from last larval stage to pupa and from pupa to adults. A couple of studies revealed that regeneration depends upon the site of amputation. In the present study, third and fourth instar larvae of zig-zag ladybird beetle, Menochilus sexmaculatus, were subjected to the limb amputation treatment at three different sites (base of coxa, tibia and pretarsus). Regeneration or reformation of limbs did not occur in fourth instar when its preceding stage i.e. third instar was amputated. However, the adults emerging from both the amputation treatments i.e. third instar and fourth instar had all limbs. The regenerated adults were marked with longer pupa duration and increased body mass as compared to the unregenerated adults suggesting that some repair to the damage may happen during the pupal stage. When adults were allowed to mate then the unregenerated adults had shorter mating duration and reduced fecundity and percent egg viability.
    Keywords adults ; amputation ; Coccinellidae ; eggs ; fecundity ; insects ; instars ; larvae ; pupae ; reproductive fitness ; tibia ; viability
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-09
    Size p. 829-834.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1226-8615
    DOI 10.1016/j.aspen.2016.07.012
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: Non-coding RNAs having strong positive interaction with mRNAs reveal their regulatory nature during flowering in a wild relative of pigeonpea (Cajanus scarabaeoides)

    Das, Antara / Saxena, Swati / Kumar, Kuldeep / Tribhuvan, Kishor U / Singh, N. K / Gaikwad, Kishor

    Molecular biology reports. 2020 May, v. 47, no. 5

    2020  

    Abstract: In higher plants, flower development is a result of crosstalk between many factors like photoperiod, vernalization, hormone concentration, epigenetic modification etc. and is also regulated by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). In the present study, we are ... ...

    Abstract In higher plants, flower development is a result of crosstalk between many factors like photoperiod, vernalization, hormone concentration, epigenetic modification etc. and is also regulated by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). In the present study, we are reporting the involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and miRNAs during the process of flower development in Cajanus scarabaeoides, an important wild relative of pigeonpea. The transcriptome of floral and leaf tissues revealed a total of 1672 lncRNAs and 57 miRNAs being expressed during flower development. Prediction analysis of identified lncRNAs showed that 1593 lncRNAs were targeting 3420 mRNAs and among these, 98 were transcription factors (TFs) belonging to 48 groups. All the identified 57 miRNAs were novel, suggesting their genera specificity. Prediction of the secondary structure of lncRNAs and miRNAs followed by interaction analysis revealed that 199 lncRNAs could interact with 47 miRNAs where miRNAs were acting in the root of interaction. Gene Ontology of the ncRNAs and their targets showed the potential role of lncRNAs and miRNAs in the flower development of C. scarabaeoides. Among the identified interactions, 17 lncRNAs were endogenous target mimics (eTMs) for miRNAs that target flowering-related transcription factors. Expression analysis of identified transcripts revealed that higher expression of Csa-lncRNA_1231 in the bud sequesters Csa-miRNA-156b by indirectly mimicking the miRNA and leading to increased expression of flower-specific SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like (SPL-12) TF indicating their potential role in flower development. The present study will help in understanding the molecular regulatory mechanism governing the induction of flowering in C. scarabaeoides.
    Keywords Cajanus scarabaeoides ; epigenetics ; flowering ; gene ontology ; leaves ; microRNA ; molecular biology ; pigeon peas ; prediction ; transcriptome ; vernalization ; wild relatives
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-05
    Size p. 3305-3317.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 186544-4
    ISSN 1573-4978 ; 0301-4851
    ISSN (online) 1573-4978
    ISSN 0301-4851
    DOI 10.1007/s11033-020-05400-y
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Non-coding RNAs having strong positive interaction with mRNAs reveal their regulatory nature during flowering in a wild relative of pigeonpea (Cajanus scarabaeoides).

    Das, Antara / Saxena, Swati / Kumar, Kuldeep / Tribhuvan, Kishor U / Singh, N K / Gaikwad, Kishor

    Molecular biology reports

    2020  Volume 47, Issue 5, Page(s) 3305–3317

    Abstract: In higher plants, flower development is a result of crosstalk between many factors like photoperiod, vernalization, hormone concentration, epigenetic modification etc. and is also regulated by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). In the present study, we are ... ...

    Abstract In higher plants, flower development is a result of crosstalk between many factors like photoperiod, vernalization, hormone concentration, epigenetic modification etc. and is also regulated by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). In the present study, we are reporting the involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and miRNAs during the process of flower development in Cajanus scarabaeoides, an important wild relative of pigeonpea. The transcriptome of floral and leaf tissues revealed a total of 1672 lncRNAs and 57 miRNAs being expressed during flower development. Prediction analysis of identified lncRNAs showed that 1593 lncRNAs were targeting 3420 mRNAs and among these, 98 were transcription factors (TFs) belonging to 48 groups. All the identified 57 miRNAs were novel, suggesting their genera specificity. Prediction of the secondary structure of lncRNAs and miRNAs followed by interaction analysis revealed that 199 lncRNAs could interact with 47 miRNAs where miRNAs were acting in the root of interaction. Gene Ontology of the ncRNAs and their targets showed the potential role of lncRNAs and miRNAs in the flower development of C. scarabaeoides. Among the identified interactions, 17 lncRNAs were endogenous target mimics (eTMs) for miRNAs that target flowering-related transcription factors. Expression analysis of identified transcripts revealed that higher expression of Csa-lncRNA_1231 in the bud sequesters Csa-miRNA-156b by indirectly mimicking the miRNA and leading to increased expression of flower-specific SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like (SPL-12) TF indicating their potential role in flower development. The present study will help in understanding the molecular regulatory mechanism governing the induction of flowering in C. scarabaeoides.
    MeSH term(s) Cajanus/genetics ; Flowers/genetics ; Gene Expression/genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/genetics ; Gene Ontology ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Plant/genetics ; RNA, Untranslated/genetics ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transcriptome
    Chemical Substances MicroRNAs ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Plant ; RNA, Untranslated ; Transcription Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-04
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 186544-4
    ISSN 1573-4978 ; 0301-4851
    ISSN (online) 1573-4978
    ISSN 0301-4851
    DOI 10.1007/s11033-020-05400-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Ground water quality evaluation with special reference to Fluoride and Nitrate contamination in Bassi Tehsil of district Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Saxena, Umesh / Saxena, Swati

    International journal of environmental sciences. 2014, v. 5, no. 1

    2014  

    Abstract: Water is an essential natural resource for sustaining life and environment but over the last few decades the water quality is deteriorating due to it's over exploitation. Water quality is essential parameter to be studied when the overall focus is ... ...

    Abstract Water is an essential natural resource for sustaining life and environment but over the last few decades the water quality is deteriorating due to it's over exploitation. Water quality is essential parameter to be studied when the overall focus is sustainable development keeping mankind at focal point. Groundwater is the major source of drinking water in rural as well as in urban areas and over 94% of the drinking water demand is met by groundwater. The study was carried out to assess the ground water quality and its suitability for drinking purpose with special reference to fluoride and nitrate contamination in most rural habitations of Bassi tehsil of district Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. For this purpose, 50 water samples collected from hand pumps, open wells and bore wells of villages of study area were analysed for different physico-chemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, chloride, nitrate, fluoride and total dissolved solids. pH value in the study area found from 6.3 to 8.7. EC ranges from 1100-16000 μmhos/cm and total alkalinity between 70 to 990 mg/L. Total hardness ranged from 30 to 980 mg/L and calcium hardness from 10 to 480 mg/L. Magnesium hardness varied from 20 to 500 mg/L and chloride from 20 to 3620 mg/L. Values of nitrate concentration varied from 9 to 224 mg/L and fluoride from 0.28 to 11.5 mg/L while value of TDS ranges from 770 to 11200 mg/L. The study reveals that almost all parameters were exceeding the permissible limits. As per the desirable and maximum permissible limit for fluoride and nitrate in drinking water, determined by WHO, BIS and ICMR standards, 62% and 42% of groundwater sources are unfit for drinking purposes respectively. Due to the higher fluoride and nitrate levels in drinking water several cases of dental, skeletal fluorosis and methaemoglobinaemia have appeared at alarming rate in this region. After evaluating the data of this study it is concluded that drinking water of Bassi tehsil is not potable and there is an instant need to take ameliorative steps in this region to prevent the population from adverse health effects.
    Keywords adverse effects ; alkalinity ; area ; chlorides ; drinking ; drinking water ; electrical conductivity ; environment ; fluorides ; fluorosis ; groundwater ; humans ; nitrates ; pH ; population ; pumps ; sampling ; sustainable development ; total dissolved solids ; urban areas ; villages ; water hardness ; wells ; India
    Language English
    Size p. 67-87.
    Publishing place Integrated Publishing Association
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-light
    ZDB-ID 2581485-0
    ISSN 0976-4402
    ISSN 0976-4402
    DOI 10.6088/ijes.2014050100007
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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