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Article ; Online: A handful of beauty and services: Flower-visiting birds at two small urbanised sites in south-eastern Brazil and Australia

Sazima, Ivan / Sazima, Marlies

Flora. 2022 Nov., v. 296 p.152151-

2022

Abstract: Urbanised sites around the world harbour bird assemblages capable to tolerate human-induced environmental changes. Assemblages of flower-visiting birds at urbanised sites usually are composed of a limited number of habitat generalist species that favour ... ...

Abstract	Urbanised sites around the world harbour bird assemblages capable to tolerate human-induced environmental changes. Assemblages of flower-visiting birds at urbanised sites usually are composed of a limited number of habitat generalist species that favour open areas and edges, a tendency recorded for fruit or insect-eating species as well. We compared flower-visiting bird assemblages and their flower resources in two small urbanised sites in two almost antipodal countries: Brazil and Australia. The flower-visiting birds at the two study sites are composed of completely different families and species but have similar functional traits. Each study site has flower-visiting bird assemblages composed of six species, with predominance of hummingbirds in Brazil and honeyeaters in Australia. A large hummingbird in Brazil and a medium-sized honeyeater in Australia monopolise the nectar resources and aggressively expel other birds. Landscaping and gardening activities provide year-round nectar-producing flowers exploited by the birds. The two flower-visiting bird assemblages share several similarities despite their different species composition. At both sites the flower-visiting birds retain their ecological functions and deliver ecosystem services. Pollination and cultural services are the most prominent ones provided by the birds and their flowers. Such natural history-oriented comparisons help to understand the poorly known relationships between flower-visiting birds and their flowers in small urbanised areas.
Keywords	ecosystems ; flora ; flowers ; fruits ; habitats ; hummingbirds ; nectar ; pollination ; species diversity ; urbanization ; Australia ; Brazil ; Bird pollination ; Bird-flower assemblages ; Floral resources ; Ecological functions ; Ecosystem services ; Urban ecosystems
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-11
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	5580-3
ISSN	0367-2530 ; 0373-6490
ISSN	0367-2530 ; 0373-6490
DOI	10.1016/j.flora.2022.152151
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Medical importance of candiru catfishes in Brazil: A brief essay.

Haddad Junior, Vidal / Zuanon, Jansen / Sazima, Ivan

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

2021 Volume 54, Page(s) e0540–2020

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brazil ; Catfishes ; Rivers
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-22
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	1038126-0
ISSN	1678-9849 ; 0037-8682
ISSN (online)	1678-9849
ISSN	0037-8682
DOI	10.1590/0037-8682-0540-2020
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Article ; Online: Study of defensive behavior of a venomous snake as a new approach to understand snakebite.

Alves-Nunes, João Miguel / Fellone, Adriano / Almeida-Santos, Selma Maria / de Medeiros, Carlos Roberto / Sazima, Ivan / Vuolo Marques, Otavio Augusto

Scientific reports

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 10230

Abstract: Snakebites affect millions of people worldwide. The majority of research and management about snakebites focus on venom and antivenom, with less attention given to snake ecology. The fundamental factor in snakebites is the snakes' defensive biting ... ...

Abstract	Snakebites affect millions of people worldwide. The majority of research and management about snakebites focus on venom and antivenom, with less attention given to snake ecology. The fundamental factor in snakebites is the snakes' defensive biting behavior. Herein we examine the effects of environmental variables (temperature, time of day, and human stimulus) and biological variables (sex and body size) on the biting behavior of a medically significant pit viper species in Brazil, Bothrops jararaca (Viperidae), and associate it with the epidemiology of snakebites. Through experimental simulations of encounters between humans and snakes, we obtained behavioral models applicable to epidemiological situations in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. We found a significant overlap between behavioral, morphological, environmental, and epidemiological data. Variables that increase snakebites in epidemiological data also enhance the tendency of snakes to bite defensively, resulting in snakebites. We propose that snakebite incidents are influenced by environmental and morphological factors, affecting the behavior of snakes and the proportion of incidents. Thus, investigating behavior of snakes related to snakebite incidents is a valuable tool for a better understanding of the epidemiology of these events, helping the prediction and, thus, prevention of snakebites.
MeSH term(s)	Snake Bites/epidemiology ; Snake Bites/psychology ; Animals ; Bothrops ; Humans ; Male ; Behavior, Animal ; Female ; Brazil/epidemiology ; Venomous Snakes
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-024-59416-6
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Article ; Online: Overcoming the phantoms of the past: Influence of predatory stimuli on the antipredator behavior of island pitvipers.

Alves-Nunes, João Miguel / Fellone, Adriano / Sazima, Ivan / Vuolo Marques, Otávio Augusto

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 10, Page(s) e0288826

Abstract: The reduction of predation is a potentially important factor for the evolution of the traits of an island animal species. By relaxed selection, insular animals tend to lose their antipredator behaviors. A monophyletic group of pitvipers (genus Bothrops) ... ...

Abstract	The reduction of predation is a potentially important factor for the evolution of the traits of an island animal species. By relaxed selection, insular animals tend to lose their antipredator behaviors. A monophyletic group of pitvipers (genus Bothrops) in southeastern Brazil, which have high genetic affinity and dwell on the mainland and adjacent islands, provide an appropriate setting to study the evolution of antipredator behavior and how different predatory stimuli can influence this behavior. The mainland Bothrops jararaca has several terrestrial and aerial predators, whereas B. insularis and B. alcatraz, restricted to two small islands, Queimada Grande and Alcatrazes, respectively, have a smaller range of aerial predators. Terrestrial predators are absent on Queimada Grande, but one potential snake predator occurs on Alcatrazes. We observed that the defensive repertoire of island snakes has not been lost, but they display different frequencies of some antipredator behaviors. The type of predatory stimuli (terrestrial and aerial) influenced the defensive response. Bothrops insularis most often used the escape strategies, especially against terrestrial predatory stimuli. Bothrops alcatraz displayed the highest rate of strike for both terrestrial and aerial stimuli. Our results indicate that even though relaxed selection may occur in island environments as compared to mainland environments, these pitvipers still retain their antipredator behaviors but with different response degrees to the two predator types.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Predatory Behavior/physiology ; Snakes ; Brazil
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0288826
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Article: Temporal organization among pollination systems in a tropical seasonal forest

Genini, Julieta / Guimarães, Paulo R., Jr / Sazima, Marlies / Sazima, Ivan / Morellato, Leonor Patrícia Cerdeira

Naturwissenschaften. 2021 Aug., v. 108, no. 4

2021

Abstract: Temporal constancy of pollination systems is essential for the maintenance of pollinators through time. Community-level assessment of flowering phenology allows understanding variations across seasons and years and the risks of decoupling flowering and ... ...

Abstract	Temporal constancy of pollination systems is essential for the maintenance of pollinators through time. Community-level assessment of flowering phenology allows understanding variations across seasons and years and the risks of decoupling flowering and pollinators’ activity. We evaluated flowering patterns and temporal diversity of pollination systems in a tropical seasonal forest. We asked whether the temporal organization of flowering times differs among pollination systems; if there is a constancy of pollination systems through the year, since climate and phylogenies constraint flowering time; if there is a prevalent flowering pattern by pollination system, and if the temporal organization of pollination systems by modularity analyses is coherent with grouping by pre-defined seasons. We characterized 10 pollination systems, examined flowering strategies, climate cues and phylogenetic constraints. Pollination by large-to-medium bees dominated (49.2%), followed by diverse insects (22.1%) and flies (14.7%). The remaining systems represented 14% of species. Flowering occurred year-round for most pollination systems, predominating the seasonal flowering strategy. Flowering patterns ranged from aggregated to nested, and random. Climate affected the flowering of most pollination systems, but there was no phylogeny constraint. Modularity grouped pollination systems differently than rainfall seasonality. Contrasting the expectations of reduced temporal constancy, most systems were present year-round, facilitating the exploitation of floral resources by pollinators. Diversity of pollination systems remained constant despite climate seasonality, indicating that several factors influence the optimum flowering time for pollination in seasonally dry vegetations. Global warming may disrupt phenological patterns and the temporal organization of plant communities, a matter for future studies.
Keywords	climate ; deciduous forests ; phenology ; phylogeny ; pollination ; rain ; temporal variation
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-08
Size	p. 34.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	123257-5
ISSN	1432-1904 ; 0028-1042
ISSN (online)	1432-1904
ISSN	0028-1042
DOI	10.1007/s00114-021-01744-y
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Temporal organization among pollination systems in a tropical seasonal forest.

Genini, Julieta / Guimarães, Paulo R / Sazima, Marlies / Sazima, Ivan / Morellato, Leonor Patrícia Cerdeira

Die Naturwissenschaften

2021 Volume 108, Issue 4, Page(s) 34

Abstract	Temporal constancy of pollination systems is essential for the maintenance of pollinators through time. Community-level assessment of flowering phenology allows understanding variations across seasons and years and the risks of decoupling flowering and pollinators' activity. We evaluated flowering patterns and temporal diversity of pollination systems in a tropical seasonal forest. We asked whether the temporal organization of flowering times differs among pollination systems; if there is a constancy of pollination systems through the year, since climate and phylogenies constraint flowering time; if there is a prevalent flowering pattern by pollination system, and if the temporal organization of pollination systems by modularity analyses is coherent with grouping by pre-defined seasons. We characterized 10 pollination systems, examined flowering strategies, climate cues and phylogenetic constraints. Pollination by large-to-medium bees dominated (49.2%), followed by diverse insects (22.1%) and flies (14.7%). The remaining systems represented 14% of species. Flowering occurred year-round for most pollination systems, predominating the seasonal flowering strategy. Flowering patterns ranged from aggregated to nested, and random. Climate affected the flowering of most pollination systems, but there was no phylogeny constraint. Modularity grouped pollination systems differently than rainfall seasonality. Contrasting the expectations of reduced temporal constancy, most systems were present year-round, facilitating the exploitation of floral resources by pollinators. Diversity of pollination systems remained constant despite climate seasonality, indicating that several factors influence the optimum flowering time for pollination in seasonally dry vegetations. Global warming may disrupt phenological patterns and the temporal organization of plant communities, a matter for future studies.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bees ; Flowers ; Forests ; Phylogeny ; Pollination ; Seasons
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-28
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	123257-5
ISSN	1432-1904 ; 0028-1042
ISSN (online)	1432-1904
ISSN	0028-1042
DOI	10.1007/s00114-021-01744-y
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Article: Body shape and diet reflect arboreality degree of five congeneric snakes sympatric in the Atlantic forest

Banci, Karina Rodrigues da Silva / Guimarães, Murilo / Siqueira, Lucas Henrique Carvalho / Muscat, Edelcio / Sazima, Ivan / Marques, Otavio Augusto Vuolo

Biotropica. 2022 July, v. 54, no. 4

2022

Abstract: The substrate use by animals may influence both their morphology and diet. Species of the genus Chironius are among the most conspicuous frog‐eating, arboreal snakes in South America. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether diet and ... ...

Abstract	The substrate use by animals may influence both their morphology and diet. Species of the genus Chironius are among the most conspicuous frog‐eating, arboreal snakes in South America. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether diet and morphology relate to substrate use in five sympatric Chironius species from the Atlantic Forest. Our hypothesis is that habitat pressure is strong enough so that even closely related species will present differences. We collected morphological and diet data from specimens of C. bicarinatus, C. exoletus, C. foveatus, C. fuscus, and C. laevicollis housed in scientific collections. Information on habitat use were obtained by monitoring free‐ranging animals using thread‐bobbins and also from the literature. Our results demonstrate that C. foveatus is the most arboreal species, and C. laevicollis is the most terrestrial among the five studied species. Chironius foveatus is the slenderest, with one of the longest relative tail lengths, the narrowest ventral scales, the highest vertebral density, the largest eye diameter, green body color, and diet based on tree frogs (Hylidae). These traits indicate a higher arboreality for this species. On the other extreme, C. laevicollis is the stoutest species, and has the shortest tail, the largest head, the lowest vertebral density, and diet based on ground‐living frogs (Leptodactylidae). These traits indicate pronounced terrestriality for this species. The other three species have traits intermediate between the extremes showed by C. foveatus and C. laevicollis. We found evidence for a close relationship between arboreality or terrestriality, morphology, and diet.
Keywords	Hylidae ; Leptodactylidae ; color ; diet ; eyes ; forests ; habitat preferences ; habitats ; head ; sympatry ; tail ; trees ; South America
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-07
Size	p. 839-851.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2052061-X
ISSN	1744-7429 ; 0006-3606
ISSN (online)	1744-7429
ISSN	0006-3606
DOI	10.1111/btp.13107
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Liquid lunch - vampire bats feed on invasive feral pigs and other ungulates.

Galetti, Mauro / Pedrosa, Felipe / Keuroghlian, Alexine / Sazima, Ivan

Frontiers in ecology and the environment

2016 Volume 14, Issue 9, Page(s) 505–506

Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-11-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2110853-5
ISSN	1540-9309 ; 1540-9295
ISSN (online)	1540-9309
ISSN	1540-9295
DOI	10.1002/fee.1431
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Article ; Online: Review of the genus Malacoctenus (Actinopterygii: Labrisomidae) from the Southwestern Atlantic, with description of two new species.

Carvalho-Filho, Alfredo / Sazima, Ivan / Lima, Sergio Maia Queiroz / Almeida, Daniel / Mendes, Liana / Dias, Ricardo Marques / Britto, Marcelo R / Gasparini, JoÃo Luiz

Zootaxa

2020 Volume 4819, Issue 3, Page(s) zootaxa.4819.3.4

Abstract: The labrisomid genus Malacoctenus from Southwestern Atlantic is reviewed. Two new species of scaly blennies formerly reported by several authors as Malacoctenus triangulatus are described. One is found at the oceanic islands Fernando de Noronha ... ...

Abstract	The labrisomid genus Malacoctenus from Southwestern Atlantic is reviewed. Two new species of scaly blennies formerly reported by several authors as Malacoctenus triangulatus are described. One is found at the oceanic islands Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and Atol das Rocas, and the other is distributed along the Brazilian coastline. The two new species differ from other species of the genus and from each other by different combinations of the number of lateral-line scales, number and size of head cirri, and color pattern. Molecular data also support species' distinctiveness between M. triangulatus and the species described herein. Two additional recognized Brazilian species, M. delalandii and M. brunoi are described and illustrated and an identification key to all recognized Atlantic species is provided.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Fishes
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-24
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1175-5334
ISSN (online)	1175-5334
DOI	10.11646/zootaxa.4819.3.4
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Article ; Online: Piranha attacks in dammed streams used for human recreation in the State of São Paulo, Brazil.

Haddad, Vidal / Sazima, Ivan

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

2010 Volume 43, Issue 5, Page(s) 596–598

Abstract: In recent years, attacks by piranhas have become a common problem in dammed portions of rivers and streams in the State of Sao Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. In two outbreaks recorded in two neighboring counties in the Northwest region of the state, 74 ... ...

Abstract	In recent years, attacks by piranhas have become a common problem in dammed portions of rivers and streams in the State of Sao Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. In two outbreaks recorded in two neighboring counties in the Northwest region of the state, 74 bathers were bitten. Only one bite per person was recorded during a short period of the year. The bites were related to parental care and/or defense of spawning territory, which confirms previous studies and demystify the attacks by these legendary fish, as they are perceived by most people. Placement of fine mesh nets and removal of aquatic vegetation stopped the attacks.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bites and Stings/epidemiology ; Brazil/epidemiology ; Female ; Fishes/classification ; Fresh Water ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Recreation
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-11-12
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1038126-0
ISSN	1678-9849 ; 0037-8682
ISSN (online)	1678-9849
ISSN	0037-8682
DOI	10.1590/s0037-86822010000500027
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