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  1. Article: The role of regulatory B cells in immune regulation and childhood allergic asthma.

    Kliem, Caroline Vanessa / Schaub, Bianca

    Molecular and cellular pediatrics

    2024  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 1

    Abstract: Background: As the most common chronic disease in childhood, asthma displays a major public health problem worldwide with the incidence of those affected rising. As there is currently no cure for allergic asthma, it is mandatory to get a better ... ...

    Abstract Background: As the most common chronic disease in childhood, asthma displays a major public health problem worldwide with the incidence of those affected rising. As there is currently no cure for allergic asthma, it is mandatory to get a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanism.
    Main body: By producing IgE antibodies upon allergen contact, B cells play a pivotal role in allergic asthma. Besides that, IL-10-secreting B cell subsets, namely regulatory B cells (Bregs), are reported in mice and humans to play a role in allergic asthma. In humans, several Breg subsets with distinct phenotypic and functional properties are identified among B cells at different maturational and differentiation stages that exert anti-inflammatory functions by expressing several suppressor molecules. Emerging research has focused on the role of Bregs in allergic asthma as well as their role for future diagnostic and preventive strategies.
    Conclusion: Knowledge about the exact function of human Bregs in allergic asthma is still very limited. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on Bregs. We discuss different human Breg subsets, several ways of Breg induction as well as the mechanisms through which they exert immunoregulatory functions, and their role in (childhood) allergic asthma.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-04
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2785551-X
    ISSN 2194-7791
    ISSN 2194-7791
    DOI 10.1186/s40348-023-00174-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Preface.

    Schaub, Bianca

    Seminars in immunopathology

    2020  Volume 42, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–3

    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-11
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2316828-6
    ISSN 1863-2300 ; 1863-2297
    ISSN (online) 1863-2300
    ISSN 1863-2297
    DOI 10.1007/s00281-020-00786-0
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  3. Article: Childhood asthma phenotypes and endotypes: a glance into the mosaic.

    Foppiano, Francesco / Schaub, Bianca

    Molecular and cellular pediatrics

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 9

    Abstract: Background: Asthma is an inflammatory lung disease that constitutes the most common noncommunicable chronic disease in childhood. Childhood asthma shows large heterogeneity regarding onset of disease, symptoms, severity, prognosis, and response to ... ...

    Abstract Background: Asthma is an inflammatory lung disease that constitutes the most common noncommunicable chronic disease in childhood. Childhood asthma shows large heterogeneity regarding onset of disease, symptoms, severity, prognosis, and response to therapy.
    Main body: Evidence suggests that this variability is due to distinct pathophysiological mechanisms, which has led to an exhaustive research effort to understand and characterize these distinct entities currently designated as "endotypes." Initially, studies focused on identifying specific groups using clinical variables yielding different "clinical phenotypes." In addition, the identification of specific patterns based on inflammatory cell counts and cytokine data has resulted in "inflammatory endotypes." More recently, an increasing number of molecular data from high-throughput technology ("omics" data) have allowed to investigate more complex "molecular endotypes."
    Conclusion: A better definition and comprehension of childhood asthma heterogeneity is key for improving diagnosis and treatment. This review aims at summarizing the current knowledge on this topic and discusses some limitations in their application as well as recommendations for future studies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-30
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2785551-X
    ISSN 2194-7791
    ISSN 2194-7791
    DOI 10.1186/s40348-023-00159-1
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  4. Article ; Online: From preschool wheezing to asthma: Immunological determinants.

    Laubhahn, Kristina / Schaub, Bianca

    Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

    2023  Volume 34, Issue 10, Page(s) e14038

    Abstract: Asthma represents a chronic respiratory disease affecting millions of children worldwide. The transition from preschool wheezing to school-age asthma involves a multifaceted interplay of various factors, including immunological aspects in early childhood. ...

    Abstract Asthma represents a chronic respiratory disease affecting millions of children worldwide. The transition from preschool wheezing to school-age asthma involves a multifaceted interplay of various factors, including immunological aspects in early childhood. These factors include complex cellular interactions among different immune cell subsets, induction of pro-inflammatory mediators and the molecular impact of environmental factors like allergens or viral infections on the developing immune system. Furthermore, the activation of specific genes and signalling pathways during this early phase plays a pivotal role in the manifestation of symptoms and subsequent development of asthma. Early identification of the propensity or risk for asthma development, for example by allergen sensitisation and viral infections during this critical period, is crucial for understanding the transition from wheeze to asthma. Favourable immune regulation during a critical 'window of opportunity' in early childhood can induce persistent changes in immune cell behaviour. In this context, trained immunity, including memory function of innate immune cells, has significant implications for understanding immune responses, potentially shaping long-term immunological outcomes based on early-life environmental exposures. Exploration of these underlying immune mechanisms that drive disease progression will provide valuable insights to understand childhood asthma development. This will be instrumental to develop preventive strategies at different stages of disease development for (i) inhibiting progression from wheeze to asthma or (ii) reducing disease severity and (iii) uncovering novel therapeutic strategies and contributing to more tailored and effective treatments for childhood asthma. In the long term, this shall empower healthcare professionals to develop evidence-based interventions that reduce the burden of asthma for children, families and society overall.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Respiratory Sounds ; Schools ; Asthma/etiology ; Child Development ; Virus Diseases
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1057059-7
    ISSN 1399-3038 ; 0905-6157 ; 0906-5784
    ISSN (online) 1399-3038
    ISSN 0905-6157 ; 0906-5784
    DOI 10.1111/pai.14038
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3096: Show issues Location:
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  5. Book ; Thesis: Spielt unter den derzeitigen Versorgungsbedingungen die Hyperbilirubinämie des Neugeborenen bei der Entwicklung des kindlichen Zentralnervensystems eine Rolle?

    Schaub, Bianca

    1997  

    Author's details vorgelegt von Bianca Schaub
    Language German
    Size VI, 177 S. : graph. Darst.
    Document type Book ; Thesis
    Thesis / German Habilitation thesis München, Univ., Diss., 1998
    HBZ-ID HT009002654
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    98 D 2787 order for loan Magazin

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  6. Article ; Online: Asthma and allergic diseases: Cross talk of immune system and environmental factors.

    Beerweiler, Claudia C / Masanetz, Rebecca K / Schaub, Bianca

    European journal of immunology

    2023  Volume 53, Issue 6, Page(s) e2249981

    Abstract: Air pollution and immune-related diseases including allergy and asthma are constantly on the rise worldwide. Thus, a comprehensive investigation of environmentally induced immune regulation is required for a deeper understanding of disease pathogenesis, ... ...

    Abstract Air pollution and immune-related diseases including allergy and asthma are constantly on the rise worldwide. Thus, a comprehensive investigation of environmentally induced immune regulation is required for a deeper understanding of disease pathogenesis, progression as well as prevention. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on environmental factors such as microbiome or geographical locations with harmful or protective effects for human health and their different routes of exposure. This review comprises a brief outline regarding the latest findings on the interaction of environmental factors with innate and adaptive regulation of the immune system, exemplarily for one protective and one harmful environmental factor, respectively.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptive Immunity ; Asthma/immunology ; Hypersensitivity/immunology ; Immune System ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-01
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 120108-6
    ISSN 1521-4141 ; 0014-2980
    ISSN (online) 1521-4141
    ISSN 0014-2980
    DOI 10.1002/eji.202249981
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    Zs.A 489: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: What Have Mechanistic Studies Taught Us About Childhood Asthma?

    Laubhahn, Kristina / Phelan, Kieran J / Jackson, Daniel J / Altman, Matthew C / Schaub, Bianca

    The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) 684–692

    Abstract: Childhood asthma is a chronic heterogeneous syndrome consisting of different disease entities or phenotypes. The immunologic and cellular processes that occur during asthma development are still not fully understood but represent distinct endotypes. ... ...

    Abstract Childhood asthma is a chronic heterogeneous syndrome consisting of different disease entities or phenotypes. The immunologic and cellular processes that occur during asthma development are still not fully understood but represent distinct endotypes. Mechanistic studies have examined the role of gene expression, protein levels, and cell types in early life development and the manifestation of asthma, many under the influence of environmental stimuli, which can be both protective and risk factors for asthma. Genetic variants can regulate gene expression, controlled partly by different epigenetic mechanisms. In addition, environmental factors, such as living space, nutrition, and smoking, can contribute to these mechanisms. All of these factors produce modifications in gene expression that can alter the development and function of immune and epithelial cells and subsequently different trajectories of childhood asthma. These early changes in a partially immature immune system can have dramatic effects (e.g., causing dysregulation), which in turn contribute to different disease endotypes and may help to explain differential responsiveness to asthma treatment. In this review, we summarize published studies that have aimed to uncover distinct mechanisms in childhood asthma, considering genetics, epigenetics, and environment. Moreover, a discussion of new, powerful tools for single-cell immunologic assays for phenotypic and functional analysis is included, which promise new mechanistic insights into childhood asthma development and therapeutic and preventive strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Asthma/epidemiology ; Asthma/genetics ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Risk Factors ; Phenotype
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2843237-X
    ISSN 2213-2201 ; 2213-2198
    ISSN (online) 2213-2201
    ISSN 2213-2198
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.01.004
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  8. Article ; Online: Paediatric severe asthma: a need for novel innate molecular phenotypes.

    Laubhahn, Kristina / Schaub, Bianca

    The European respiratory journal

    2019  Volume 54, Issue 2

    MeSH term(s) Asthma ; Child ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Lymphocytes ; Phenotype
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 639359-7
    ISSN 1399-3003 ; 0903-1936
    ISSN (online) 1399-3003
    ISSN 0903-1936
    DOI 10.1183/13993003.01459-2019
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    Zs.MO 292: Show issues

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  9. Book ; Online ; Thesis: New insights into immunological mechanisms behind the farm effect in childhood asthma

    Nowak, Elisabeth [Verfasser] / Schaub, Bianca [Akademischer Betreuer]

    modulation of ex vivo gene expression involved in NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways

    2022  

    Author's details Elisabeth Nowak ; Betreuer: Bianca Schaub
    Keywords Medizin, Gesundheit ; Medicine, Health
    Subject code sg610
    Language English
    Publisher Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
    Publishing place München
    Document type Book ; Online ; Thesis
    Database Digital theses on the web

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  10. Article ; Online: Childhood asthma: Novel endotyping by cytokines, validated through sensitization profiles and clinical characteristics.

    Salvermoser, Michael / Zeber, Kathrin / Boeck, Andreas / Klucker, Elisabeth / Schaub, Bianca

    Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology

    2021  Volume 51, Issue 5, Page(s) 654–665

    Abstract: Background: Specific allergy sensitization pattern, using "component-resolved diagnosis" (CRD), is a central component of allergy and asthma in childhood. Besides this, allergic asthma has been characterized by a Th2-shifted endotype with elevation of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Specific allergy sensitization pattern, using "component-resolved diagnosis" (CRD), is a central component of allergy and asthma in childhood. Besides this, allergic asthma has been characterized by a Th2-shifted endotype with elevation of classical Th2 cytokines. Recently, other endotypes with distinct mechanisms focusing on cytokine regulation evolved, yet those pathways are still not well understood.
    Objective: (a) To define reproducible immunological endotypes using cytokine expression in an asthma cohort and (b) to characterize their sensitization profile and clinical phenotype.
    Methods: Supernatants from PBMCs of 234 children (median age 10 years) of an asthma cohort were analysed for cytokine expressions. The children were split into a training (n = 49) and validation (n = 185) group. The training group was used to identify immunological endotypes by clustering cytokine expressions, which were then assessed regarding clinical characteristics and specific IgE of recombinant allergen components. Next, our findings were validated in the validation group.
    Results: We identified novel endotypes based on primarily unstimulated cytokine expression. One endotype showed an IFN-γ/Interleukin (IL)-17/IL-5 predominance, a different sensitization pattern (high in birch/apple; p < .01), and inferior lung function (p < .01). A second endotype grouped young children with food allergy and reduced lung function. Our findings were reproducible in the validation group.
    Conclusion and clinical relevance: We identified two novel clinical asthma endotypes via cytokine expression pattern with distinct sensitization patterns. These novel findings are critical for clinical guidance and open avenues for identifying underlying mechanisms and more patient-specific therapies.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antigens, Dermatophagoides/immunology ; Asthma/classification ; Asthma/immunology ; Asthma/physiopathology ; Betula/immunology ; Cats ; Child ; Cytokines/immunology ; Dander/immunology ; Dogs ; Female ; Food Hypersensitivity/immunology ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E/immunology ; Interferon-gamma/immunology ; Interleukin-17/immunology ; Interleukin-5/immunology ; Lung/physiopathology ; Male ; Malus/immunology ; Phenotype ; Phleum/immunology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Respiratory Hypersensitivity/immunology ; Respiratory Hypersensitivity/physiopathology ; Th2 Cells/immunology ; Vital Capacity
    Chemical Substances Antigens, Dermatophagoides ; Cytokines ; IFNG protein, human ; IL5 protein, human ; Interleukin-17 ; Interleukin-5 ; Immunoglobulin E (37341-29-0) ; Interferon-gamma (82115-62-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 645204-8
    ISSN 1365-2222 ; 0954-7894 ; 0960-2178
    ISSN (online) 1365-2222
    ISSN 0954-7894 ; 0960-2178
    DOI 10.1111/cea.13858
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    Zs.A 767: Show issues Location:
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