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  1. Article ; Online: Hypertension: Causes and Consequences of Circadian Rhythms in Blood Pressure.

    Faraci, Frank M / Scheer, Frank A J L

    Circulation research

    2024  Volume 134, Issue 6, Page(s) 810–832

    Abstract: Hypertension is extremely common, affecting approximately 1 in every 2 adults globally. Chronic hypertension is the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and premature mortality worldwide. Despite considerable efforts to define ... ...

    Abstract Hypertension is extremely common, affecting approximately 1 in every 2 adults globally. Chronic hypertension is the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and premature mortality worldwide. Despite considerable efforts to define mechanisms that underlie hypertension, a potentially major component of the disease, the role of circadian biology has been relatively overlooked in both preclinical models and humans. Although the presence of daily and circadian patterns has been observed from the level of the genome to the whole organism, the functional and structural impact of biological rhythms, including mechanisms such as circadian misalignment, remains relatively poorly defined. Here, we review the impact of daily rhythms and circadian systems in regulating blood pressure and the onset, progression, and consequences of hypertension. There is an emphasis on the impact of circadian biology in relation to vascular disease and end-organ effects that, individually or in combination, contribute to complex phenotypes such as cognitive decline and the loss of cardiac and brain health. Despite effective treatment options for some individuals, control of blood pressure remains inadequate in a substantial portion of the hypertensive population. Greater insight into circadian biology may form a foundation for novel and more widely effective molecular therapies or interventions to help in the prevention, treatment, and management of hypertension and its related pathophysiology.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Hypertension ; Circadian Rhythm ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Heart
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80100-8
    ISSN 1524-4571 ; 0009-7330 ; 0931-6876
    ISSN (online) 1524-4571
    ISSN 0009-7330 ; 0931-6876
    DOI 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.124.323515
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  2. Article ; Online: Dietary patterns and insomnia symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Arab, Arman / Karimi, Elham / Garaulet, Marta / Scheer, Frank A J L

    Sleep medicine reviews

    2024  Volume 75, Page(s) 101936

    Abstract: We aimed to systematically review and synthesize the available evidence regarding the link between dietary patterns and insomnia symptoms among the general population using observational studies. We reviewed 16,455 references, of which 37 studies met ... ...

    Abstract We aimed to systematically review and synthesize the available evidence regarding the link between dietary patterns and insomnia symptoms among the general population using observational studies. We reviewed 16,455 references, of which 37 studies met inclusion criteria with a total sample size of 591,223. There was a significant association of the Mediterranean diet (OR: 0.86; 95 % CI, 0.79, 0.93; P < 0.001; I
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1414211-9
    ISSN 1532-2955 ; 1087-0792
    ISSN (online) 1532-2955
    ISSN 1087-0792
    DOI 10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101936
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  3. Article ; Online: Impact of polygenic score for BMI on weight loss effectiveness and genome-wide association analysis.

    Dashti, Hassan S / Scheer, Frank A J L / Saxena, Richa / Garaulet, Marta

    International journal of obesity (2005)

    2024  Volume 48, Issue 5, Page(s) 694–701

    Abstract: Background: While environmental factors play an important role in weight loss effectiveness, genetics may also influence its success. We examined whether a genome-wide polygenic score for BMI was associated with weight loss effectiveness and aimed to ... ...

    Abstract Background: While environmental factors play an important role in weight loss effectiveness, genetics may also influence its success. We examined whether a genome-wide polygenic score for BMI was associated with weight loss effectiveness and aimed to identify common genetic variants associated with weight loss.
    Methods: Participants in the ONTIME study (n = 1210) followed a uniform, multimodal behavioral weight-loss intervention. We first tested associations between a genome-wide polygenic score for higher BMI and weight loss effectiveness (total weight loss, rate of weight loss, and attrition). We then conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for weight loss in the ONTIME study and performed the largest weight loss meta-analysis with earlier studies (n = 3056). Lastly, we ran exploratory GWAS in the ONTIME study for other weight loss outcomes and related factors.
    Results: We found that each standard deviation increment in the polygenic score was associated with a decrease in the rate of weight loss (Beta (95% CI) = -0.04 kg per week (-0.06, -0.01); P = 3.7 × 10
    Conclusion: Our findings are expected to help in developing personalized weight loss approaches based on genetics.
    Clinical trial registration: Obesity, Nutrigenetics, Timing, and Mediterranean (ONTIME; clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02829619) study.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Weight Loss/genetics ; Body Mass Index ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/genetics ; Adult ; Multifactorial Inheritance/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 752409-2
    ISSN 1476-5497 ; 0307-0565
    ISSN (online) 1476-5497
    ISSN 0307-0565
    DOI 10.1038/s41366-024-01470-1
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  4. Article ; Online: Publisher Correction: Impact of polygenic score for BMI on weight loss effectiveness and genome-wide association analysis.

    Dashti, Hassan S / Scheer, Frank A J L / Saxena, Richa / Garaulet, Marta

    International journal of obesity (2005)

    2024  Volume 48, Issue 5, Page(s) 746

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 752409-2
    ISSN 1476-5497 ; 0307-0565
    ISSN (online) 1476-5497
    ISSN 0307-0565
    DOI 10.1038/s41366-024-01497-4
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  5. Article ; Online: Endogenous circadian rhythms in mood and well-being.

    Scheer, Frank A J L / Chellappa, Sarah L

    Sleep health

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 1S, Page(s) S149–S153

    Abstract: Objectives: We examined whether the endogenous circadian timing system modulates proxies of mood vulnerability and well-being.: Methods: Nineteen healthy participants (mean age: 26.6 years [23.0-30.2], seven females, body-mass index: 22.8 kg/m: ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: We examined whether the endogenous circadian timing system modulates proxies of mood vulnerability and well-being.
    Methods: Nineteen healthy participants (mean age: 26.6 years [23.0-30.2], seven females, body-mass index: 22.8 kg/m
    Results: Significant endogenous circadian rhythms were observed in anxiety-like and depression-like mood, as well as well-being (p values from the mixed-model analysis using false discovery rates < .001). Post-hoc comparisons revealed more anxiety-like and depression-like mood during the circadian phase 60°-75° (∼8-9 a.m.), and more mental fatigue and less physical comfort during the circadian phase 30°-60° (∼6-8 a.m.).
    Conclusions: Our data indicate endogenous circadian rhythms in anxiety-like and depression-like mood and well-being in healthy young adults. Future studies will help establish circadian-based therapeutics for individuals experiencing mood and anxiety disorders.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Young Adult ; Humans ; Adult ; Depression ; Circadian Rhythm ; Affect ; Anxiety ; Mental Fatigue
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2813299-3
    ISSN 2352-7226 ; 2352-7218
    ISSN (online) 2352-7226
    ISSN 2352-7218
    DOI 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.07.012
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  6. Article ; Online: Circadian misalignment increases 24-hour acylated ghrelin in chronic shift workers: a randomized crossover trial.

    Qian, Jingyi / Morris, Christopher J / Caputo, Rosanna / Scheer, Frank A J L

    Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)

    2023  Volume 31, Issue 9, Page(s) 2235–2239

    Abstract: Objective: Shift workers typically experience misalignment between their circadian system and behavioral/environmental cycles and have an increased risk for obesity. Experimental studies in non-shift workers have suggested that circadian misalignment ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Shift workers typically experience misalignment between their circadian system and behavioral/environmental cycles and have an increased risk for obesity. Experimental studies in non-shift workers have suggested that circadian misalignment can disrupt energy balance regulation. This study examined the impact of circadian misalignment in the most relevant population, i.e., chronic shift workers.
    Methods: Seven healthy chronic night shift workers underwent a randomized crossover study with two 3-day laboratory protocols: a night work protocol including 12-hour inverted behavioral/environmental cycles (circadian misalignment) and a day work protocol (circadian alignment).
    Results: Circadian misalignment led to a ~17% increase in 24-hour acylated ghrelin levels in the chronic shift workers (p = 0.009). Consistently, circadian misalignment resulted in ~14% higher hunger at breakfast in the night shift (p = 0.04). Circadian misalignment did not significantly change fasting and postprandial energy expenditure or respiratory exchange ratio (all p > 0.32). Unexpectedly, 24-hour behavioral activity levels were ~38% higher (p < 0.0001) during circadian misalignment, despite a concurrent increase in sleepiness (p = 0.03).
    Conclusions: These results reveal that circadian misalignment, while carefully controlling for dietary intake, increases acylated ghrelin in chronic shift workers. Further studies should test whether the observed acute effects of circadian misalignment in chronic shift workers contribute to their increased obesity risk in the long term.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Sleep/physiology ; Circadian Rhythm/physiology ; Cross-Over Studies ; Ghrelin ; Obesity ; Work Schedule Tolerance/physiology
    Chemical Substances Ghrelin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2230457-5
    ISSN 1930-739X ; 1071-7323 ; 1930-7381
    ISSN (online) 1930-739X
    ISSN 1071-7323 ; 1930-7381
    DOI 10.1002/oby.23838
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  7. Article ; Online: Social jetlag and dietary intake: A systematic review.

    Arab, Arman / Karimi, Elham / Garaulet, Marta / Scheer, Frank A J L

    Sleep medicine reviews

    2023  Volume 71, Page(s) 101820

    Abstract: The objective of the current systematic review was to critically review the available evidence regarding the link between social jetlag and diet among the general population using observational studies. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and ...

    Abstract The objective of the current systematic review was to critically review the available evidence regarding the link between social jetlag and diet among the general population using observational studies. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Sciences were searched systematically. We reviewed 348 references, of which 17 studies met inclusion criteria with a total sample size of 28,905. Qualitative analysis indicated a negative association between social jetlag and adherence to healthy eating habits, including a negative association with empirically-derived healthy dietary patterns, Japanese dietary patterns, Baltic Sea dietary patterns, and the Mediterranean diet, as well as a positive association with Meat and Starchy dietary pattern. On the other hand, the findings on the link of social jetlag with food groups and nutrients were mixed and controversial, except for a more consistent increase in sugar-sweetened beverages, total fat, and saturated fat intake. Our results indicate a possible link between social jetlag and dietary intake. Research suggests that individuals experiencing greater social jetlag exhibit reduced adherence to a healthy eating pattern. However, it is important to note that the reported association lacks consensus, emphasizing the need for additional longitudinal studies to gain further insights into this matter."
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Eating ; Feeding Behavior ; Diet
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1414211-9
    ISSN 1532-2955 ; 1087-0792
    ISSN (online) 1532-2955
    ISSN 1087-0792
    DOI 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101820
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  8. Article ; Online: Social jetlag and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Arab, Arman / Karimi, Elham / Garaulet, Marta / Scheer, Frank A J L

    Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity

    2023  Volume 25, Issue 3, Page(s) e13664

    Abstract: Social jetlag, the weekly variation in sleep timing, is proposed to contribute to increased obesity risk, potentially because of the misalignment of behavioral cycles relative to the endogenous circadian timing system. This systematic review and meta- ... ...

    Abstract Social jetlag, the weekly variation in sleep timing, is proposed to contribute to increased obesity risk, potentially because of the misalignment of behavioral cycles relative to the endogenous circadian timing system. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to determine the association between social jetlag and adiposity-related measures using observational studies. We reviewed 477 references, of which 43 studies met inclusion criteria with a total sample size of 231,648. There was a positive association between social jetlag and body mass index (correlation coefficient [r]: 0.12; 95%CI, 0.07, 0.17; P < 0.001; I
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Circadian Rhythm ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Obesity/complications ; Sleep ; Jet Lag Syndrome/complications ; Body Mass Index ; Observational Studies as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2147980-X
    ISSN 1467-789X ; 1467-7881
    ISSN (online) 1467-789X
    ISSN 1467-7881
    DOI 10.1111/obr.13664
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  9. Article ; Online: CIRCUST: A novel methodology for temporal order reconstruction of molecular rhythms; validation and application towards a daily rhythm gene expression atlas in humans.

    Larriba, Yolanda / Mason, Ivy C / Saxena, Richa / Scheer, Frank A J L / Rueda, Cristina

    PLoS computational biology

    2023  Volume 19, Issue 9, Page(s) e1011510

    Abstract: The circadian system drives near-24-h oscillations in behaviors and biological processes. The underlying core molecular clock regulates the expression of other genes, and it has been shown that the expression of more than 50 percent of genes in mammals ... ...

    Abstract The circadian system drives near-24-h oscillations in behaviors and biological processes. The underlying core molecular clock regulates the expression of other genes, and it has been shown that the expression of more than 50 percent of genes in mammals displays 24-h rhythmic patterns, with the specific genes that cycle varying from one tissue to another. Determining rhythmic gene expression patterns in human tissues sampled as single timepoints has several challenges, including the reconstruction of temporal order of highly noisy data. Previous methodologies have attempted to address these challenges in one or a small number of tissues for which rhythmic gene evolutionary conservation is assumed to be preserved. Here we introduce CIRCUST, a novel CIRCular-robUST methodology for analyzing molecular rhythms, that relies on circular statistics, is robust against noise, and requires fewer assumptions than existing methodologies. Next, we validated the method against four controlled experiments in which sampling times were known, and finally, CIRCUST was applied to 34 tissues from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) dataset with the aim towards building a comprehensive daily rhythm gene expression atlas in humans. The validation and application shown here indicate that CIRCUST provides a flexible framework to formulate and solve the issues related to the analysis of molecular rhythms in human tissues. CIRCUST methodology is publicly available at https://github.com/yolandalago/CIRCUST/.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Circadian Rhythm/genetics ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Regulation/genetics ; Circadian Clocks/genetics ; Mammals/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2193340-6
    ISSN 1553-7358 ; 1553-734X
    ISSN (online) 1553-7358
    ISSN 1553-734X
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011510
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  10. Article: Best Time of Day for Strength and Endurance Training to Improve Health and Performance? A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.

    Bruggisser, Fabienne / Knaier, Raphael / Roth, Ralf / Wang, Wei / Qian, Jingyi / Scheer, Frank A J L

    Sports medicine - open

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 34

    Abstract: Background: Current recommendations for physical exercise include information about the frequency, intensity, type, and duration of exercise. However, to date, there are no recommendations on what time of day one should exercise. The aim was to perform ... ...

    Abstract Background: Current recommendations for physical exercise include information about the frequency, intensity, type, and duration of exercise. However, to date, there are no recommendations on what time of day one should exercise. The aim was to perform a systematic review with meta-analysis to investigate if the time of day of exercise training in intervention studies influences the degree of improvements in physical performance or health-related outcomes.
    Methods: The databases EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and SPORTDiscus were searched from inception to January 2023. Eligibility criteria were that the studies conducted structured endurance and/or strength training with a minimum of two exercise sessions per week for at least 2 weeks and compared exercise training between at least two different times of the day using a randomized crossover or parallel group design.
    Results: From 14,125 screened articles, 26 articles were included in the systematic review of which seven were also included in the meta-analyses. Both the qualitative synthesis and the quantitative synthesis (i.e., meta-analysis) provide little evidence for or against the hypothesis that training at a specific time of day leads to more improvements in performance-related or health-related outcomes compared to other times. There was some evidence that there is a benefit when training and testing occur at the same time of day, mainly for performance-related outcomes. Overall, the risk of bias in most studies was high.
    Conclusions: The current state of research provides evidence neither for nor against a specific time of the day being more beneficial, but provides evidence for larger effects when there is congruency between training and testing times. This review provides recommendations to improve the design and execution of future studies on this topic.
    Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42021246468).
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2809942-4
    ISSN 2198-9761 ; 2199-1170
    ISSN (online) 2198-9761
    ISSN 2199-1170
    DOI 10.1186/s40798-023-00577-5
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