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  1. Article ; Online: Infectious Disease Outbreaks: The Need For an All-in Approach.

    Schieffelin, John S

    The Journal of infectious diseases

    2020  Volume 222, Issue 12, Page(s) 1941–1942

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; Delivery of Health Care, Integrated ; Disease Outbreaks ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/epidemiology ; Humans
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 3019-3
    ISSN 1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
    ISSN (online) 1537-6613
    ISSN 0022-1899
    DOI 10.1093/infdis/jiaa167
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  3. Article: Lassa Fever Natural History and Clinical Management.

    Grant, Donald S / Samuels, Robert J / Garry, Robert F / Schieffelin, John S

    Current topics in microbiology and immunology

    2023  Volume 440, Page(s) 165–192

    Abstract: Lassa fever is caused by Lassa virus (LASV), an Old World Mammarenavirus that is carried by Mastomys natalensis and other rodents. It is endemic in Sierra Leone, Nigeria, and other countries in West Africa. The clinical presentation of LASV infection is ... ...

    Abstract Lassa fever is caused by Lassa virus (LASV), an Old World Mammarenavirus that is carried by Mastomys natalensis and other rodents. It is endemic in Sierra Leone, Nigeria, and other countries in West Africa. The clinical presentation of LASV infection is heterogenous varying from an inapparent or mild illness to a fatal hemorrhagic fever. Exposure to LASV is usually through contact with rodent excreta. After an incubation period of 1-3 weeks, initial symptoms such as fever, headache, and fatigue develop that may progress to sore throat, retrosternal chest pain, conjunctival injection, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Severe illness, including hypotension, shock, and multiorgan failure, develops in a minority of patients. Patient demographics and case fatality rates are distinctly different in Sierra Leone and Nigeria. Laboratory diagnosis relies on the detection of LASV antigens or genomic RNA. LASV-specific immunoglobulin G and M assays can also contribute to clinical management. The mainstay of treatment for Lassa fever is supportive care. The nucleoside analog ribavirin is commonly used to treat acute Lassa fever but is considered useful only if treatment is begun early in the disease course. Drugs in development, including a monoclonal antibody cocktail, have the potential to impact the management of Lassa fever.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Lassa Fever/diagnosis ; Lassa Fever/drug therapy ; Lassa Fever/epidemiology ; Lassa virus/genetics ; Africa, Western ; Sierra Leone/epidemiology ; Antibodies, Viral
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-21
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 210099-X
    ISSN 0070-217X
    ISSN 0070-217X
    DOI 10.1007/82_2023_263
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  4. Article ; Online: An effective and safe vaccine will not be enough to prepare us for the next Ebola outbreak.

    Schieffelin, John S

    The Lancet. Infectious diseases

    2017  Volume 17, Issue 12, Page(s) 1224–1225

    MeSH term(s) Disease Outbreaks ; Ebola Vaccines/immunology ; Ebolavirus/immunology ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/epidemiology ; Humans
    Chemical Substances Ebola Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2061641-7
    ISSN 1474-4457 ; 1473-3099
    ISSN (online) 1474-4457
    ISSN 1473-3099
    DOI 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30575-3
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  5. Article ; Online: Evaluation of Three Clinical Prediction Tools to Predict Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with Lassa Fever.

    Chiosi, John J / Schieffelin, John S / Shaffer, Jeffrey G / Grant, Donald S

    The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

    2022  Volume 107, Issue 4, Page(s) 856–862

    Abstract: Lassa fever is a viral hemorrhagic illness with a case fatality rate for hospitalized patients as high as 69%. Identifying cases before they progress to serious illness can lead to earlier treatment and improved clinical outcomes. Three existing clinical ...

    Abstract Lassa fever is a viral hemorrhagic illness with a case fatality rate for hospitalized patients as high as 69%. Identifying cases before they progress to serious illness can lead to earlier treatment and improved clinical outcomes. Three existing clinical prediction tools were evaluated on their ability to predict the in-hospital mortality in Lassa fever: the quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA), the Modified Early Warning System (MEWS), and the Universal Vital Assessment (UVA). This was a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to the dedicated Lassa fever ward of the Kenema Government Hospital in Sierra Leone between May 2013 and December 2019. Data among three serology groups were analyzed: Lassa antigen-positive (Ag+) regardless of IgM status, Lassa Ag- and IgM+, and Lassa Ag- and IgM- cases. There were 123 cases of suspected Lassa fever included in this study. Abnormalities in respiratory rate, oxygenation status, mental status, and serum markers of kidney and liver dysfunction were more likely seen in the Ag+ group, which had an in-hospital mortality of 85.7%. For the Lassa Ag+ group, the sensitivity and positive predictive value of qSOFA ≥ 2 was 70.6% and 92.3%, MEWS ≥ 5 was 96.9% and 86.1%, and UVA ≥ 5 was 60.0% and 100.0%. The MEWS and UVA scores show potential for use in Lassa fever, but there is opportunity for future development of a tool that includes the clinical and laboratory markers specific to Lassa fever.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Viral ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; Lassa Fever/diagnosis ; Lassa virus ; Retrospective Studies ; Virus Diseases
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin M
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2942-7
    ISSN 1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
    ISSN (online) 1476-1645
    ISSN 0002-9637
    DOI 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1624
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  6. Article ; Online: What should define a SARS-CoV-2 "breakthrough" infection?

    Schieffelin, John S / Norton, Elizabeth B / Kolls, Jay K

    The Journal of clinical investigation

    2021  Volume 131, Issue 12

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/pathology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunity, Mucosal/drug effects ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3067-3
    ISSN 1558-8238 ; 0021-9738
    ISSN (online) 1558-8238
    ISSN 0021-9738
    DOI 10.1172/JCI151186
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  7. Article: Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection.

    Dietrich, Monika L / Schieffelin, John S

    The Ochsner journal

    2018  Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) 123–130

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 1524-5012
    ISSN 1524-5012
    DOI 10.31486/toj.18.0095
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  8. Article ; Online: A Review of Hearing Loss Associated with Zika, Ebola, and Lassa Fever.

    Ficenec, Samuel C / Schieffelin, John S / Emmett, Susan D

    The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

    2019  Volume 101, Issue 3, Page(s) 484–490

    Abstract: The neglected tropical diseases Zika, Ebola, and Lassa fever (LF) have all been noted to cause some degree of hearing loss (HL). Hearing loss is a chronic disability that can lead to a variety of detrimental effects, including speech and language delays ... ...

    Abstract The neglected tropical diseases Zika, Ebola, and Lassa fever (LF) have all been noted to cause some degree of hearing loss (HL). Hearing loss is a chronic disability that can lead to a variety of detrimental effects, including speech and language delays in children, decreased economic productivity in adults, and accelerated cognitive decline in older adults. The objective of this review is to summarize what is known regarding HL secondary to these viruses. Literature for this review was gathered using the PubMed database. Articles were excluded if there were no data of the respective viruses, postinfectious complications, or conditions related to survivorship. A total of 50 articles were included in this review. Fourteen articles discussing Zika virus and subsequent complications were included. Across these studies, 56 (21.2%) of 264 Zika-infected individuals were found to have HL. Twenty-one articles discussing Ebola virus and subsequent complications were included, with 190 (5.7%) of 3,350 Ebola survivors found to have HL. Fifteen additional articles discussing LF and subsequent complications were included. Of 926 individuals with LF, 79 (8.5%) were found to have HL. These results demonstrate a relationship between HL and infection. The true prevalence is likely underestimated, however, because of lack of standardization of reporting and measurement. Future studies of viral sequelae would benefit from including audiometric evaluation. This information is critical to understanding pathophysiology, preventing future cases of this disability, and improving quality of life after survival of infection.
    MeSH term(s) Hearing Loss/virology ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/complications ; Humans ; Lassa Fever/complications ; Neglected Diseases/complications ; Neglected Diseases/virology ; Quality of Life ; Tropical Climate ; Zika Virus Infection/complications
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2942-7
    ISSN 1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
    ISSN (online) 1476-1645
    ISSN 0002-9637
    DOI 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0934
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  9. Article ; Online: Zika Virus Replication in a Mast Cell Model is Augmented by Dengue Virus Antibody-Dependent Enhancement and Features a Selective Immune Mediator Secretory Profile.

    Coish, Jeremia M / Crozier, Robert W E / Schieffelin, John S / Coorssen, Jens R / Hunter, Fiona F / MacNeil, Adam J

    Microbiology spectrum

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 4, Page(s) e0177222

    Abstract: Zika virus and dengue virus are evolutionarily related and structurally similar mosquito- ... ...

    Abstract Zika virus and dengue virus are evolutionarily related and structurally similar mosquito-borne
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; Antibody-Dependent Enhancement ; Chemokines ; Cross Reactions ; Dengue Virus/physiology ; Granzymes ; Humans ; Ligands ; Mast Cells ; Virus Replication ; Zika Virus ; Zika Virus Infection
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Chemokines ; Ligands ; Granzymes (EC 3.4.21.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2807133-5
    ISSN 2165-0497 ; 2165-0497
    ISSN (online) 2165-0497
    ISSN 2165-0497
    DOI 10.1128/spectrum.01772-22
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  10. Article ; Online: Raising the standard for clinical care of patients with Ebola virus disease.

    Schieffelin, John S / Jacob, Shevin T

    The Lancet. Infectious diseases

    2015  Volume 15, Issue 11, Page(s) 1247–1248

    MeSH term(s) Female ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/pathology ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/physiopathology ; Humans ; Male
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2061641-7
    ISSN 1474-4457 ; 1473-3099
    ISSN (online) 1474-4457
    ISSN 1473-3099
    DOI 10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00221-2
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