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Article: Indoor and Outdoor Pollution as Risk Factor for Allergic Diseases of the Skin and Lungs.

Schikowski, Tamara

2021 Volume 268, Page(s) 359–366

Abstract: Air pollution is worldwide a major public health problem and affects large part of the population. Air pollution does not only harm the respiratory tract system but also the other organs of the body. The damage may result directly from the pollutants ... ...

Abstract	Air pollution is worldwide a major public health problem and affects large part of the population. Air pollution does not only harm the respiratory tract system but also the other organs of the body. The damage may result directly from the pollutants toxicity, because the pollutant enters into the organs through a direct route or indirectly through systemic inflammation. There is accumulating evidence suggesting that ambient air pollution not only affects the human lung and the cardiovascular system, but also has negative effects on allergic diseases. In this regard, it has been shown that exposure increases the risk of allergies and eczema in children and adults. However, the mechanism how ambient air pollution affects the skin is not well investigated up to now and needs further research.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollutants/toxicity ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Air Pollution/statistics & numerical data ; Child ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity/epidemiology ; Hypersensitivity/etiology ; Lung ; Risk Factors
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-22
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0171-2004
ISSN	0171-2004
DOI	10.1007/164_2021_503
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Article ; Online: Skin diseases and emerging determinants: the need for interactive research.

Singh, Nidhi / Schikowski, Tamara

The British journal of dermatology

2023 Volume 188, Issue 4, Page(s) 457–458

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Outpatients ; Skin Diseases/diagnosis ; Skin Diseases/therapy ; Psoriasis ; Air Pollution ; China
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	80076-4
ISSN	1365-2133 ; 0007-0963
ISSN (online)	1365-2133
ISSN	0007-0963
DOI	10.1093/bjd/ljad008
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Article ; Online: Efficient gene-environment interaction testing through bootstrap aggregating.

Lau, Michael / Kress, Sara / Schikowski, Tamara / Schwender, Holger

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 937

Abstract: Gene-environment (GxE) interactions are an important and sophisticated component in the manifestation of complex phenotypes. Simple univariate tests lack statistical power due to the need for multiple testing adjustment and not incorporating potential ... ...

Abstract	Gene-environment (GxE) interactions are an important and sophisticated component in the manifestation of complex phenotypes. Simple univariate tests lack statistical power due to the need for multiple testing adjustment and not incorporating potential interplay between several genetic loci. Approaches based on internally constructed genetic risk scores (GRS) require the partitioning of the available sample into training and testing data sets, thus, lowering the effective sample size for testing the GxE interaction itself. To overcome these issues, we propose a statistical test that employs bagging (bootstrap aggregating) in the GRS construction step and utilizes its out-of-bag prediction mechanism. This approach has the key advantage that the full available data set can be used for both constructing the GRS and testing the GxE interaction. To also incorporate interactions between genetic loci, we, furthermore, investigate if using random forests as the GRS construction method in GxE interaction testing further increases the statistical power. In a simulation study, we show that both novel procedures lead to a higher statistical power for detecting GxE interactions, while still controlling the type I error. The random-forests-based test outperforms a bagging-based test that uses the elastic net as its base learner in most scenarios. An application of the testing procedures to a real data set from a German cohort study suggests that there might be a GxE interaction involving exposure to air pollution regarding rheumatoid arthritis.
MeSH term(s)	Gene-Environment Interaction ; Cohort Studies ; Computer Simulation ; Phenotype ; Risk Factors ; Models, Genetic
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-28172-4
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Article ; Online: Exposure to residential green and blue space and the natural environment is associated with a lower incidence of psychiatric disorders in middle-aged and older adults: findings from the UK Biobank.

Liu, Bao-Peng / Huxley, Rachel R / Schikowski, Tamara / Hu, Ke-Jia / Zhao, Qi / Jia, Cun-Xian

BMC medicine

2024 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 15

Abstract: Background: There is increasing evidence for the role of environmental factors and exposure to the natural environment on a wide range of health outcomes. Whether exposure to green space, blue space, and the natural environment (GBN) is associated with ... ...

Abstract	Background: There is increasing evidence for the role of environmental factors and exposure to the natural environment on a wide range of health outcomes. Whether exposure to green space, blue space, and the natural environment (GBN) is associated with risk of psychiatric disorders in middle-aged and older adults has not been prospectively examined. Methods: Longitudinal data from the UK biobank was used. At the study baseline (2006-2010), 363,047 participants (women: 53.4%; mean age 56.7 ± 8.1 years) who had not been previously diagnosed with any psychiatric disorder were included. Follow-up was achieved by collecting records from hospitals and death registers. Measurements of green and blue space modeled from land use data and natural environment from Land Cover Map were assigned to the residential address for each participant. Cox proportional hazard models with adjustment for potential confounders were used to explore the longitudinal associations between GBN and any psychiatric disorder and then by specific psychiatric disorders (dementia, substance abuse, psychotic disorder, depression, and anxiety) in middle-aged and older adults. Results: During an average follow-up of 11.5 ± 2.8 years, 49,865 individuals were diagnosed with psychiatric disorders. Compared with the first tertile (lowest) of exposure, blue space at 300 m buffer [hazard ratio (HR): 0.973, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.952-0.994] and natural environment at 300 m buffer (HR: 0.970, 95% CI: 0.948-0.992) and at 1000 m buffer (HR: 0.975, 95% CI: 0.952-0.999) in the third tertile (highest) were significantly associated with lower risk of incident psychiatric disorders, respectively. The risk of incident dementia was statistically decreased when exposed to the third tertile (highest) of green space and natural environment at 1000 m buffer. The third tertile (highest) of green space at 300 m and 1000 m buffer and natural environment at 300 m and 1000 m buffer was associated with a reduction of 30.0%, 31.8%, 21.7%, and 30.3% in the risk of developing a psychotic disorder, respectively. Subgroup analysis suggested that the elderly, men, and those living with some comorbid conditions may derive greater benefits associated with exposure to GBN. Conclusions: This study suggests that GBN has significant benefits for lowering the risk of psychiatric disorders in middle-aged and older adults. Future studies are warranted to validate these findings and to understand the potential mechanistic pathways underpinning these novel findings.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Humans ; Female ; UK Biobank ; Incidence ; Biological Specimen Banks ; Environment ; Dementia/epidemiology ; Dementia/prevention & control
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2131669-7
ISSN	1741-7015 ; 1741-7015
ISSN (online)	1741-7015
ISSN	1741-7015
DOI	10.1186/s12916-023-03239-1
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Article ; Online: Hautalterungsexposom.

Krutmann, Jean / Grether-Beck, Susanne / Makrantonaki, Eugenia / Schikowski, Tamara

Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany)

2023 Volume 74, Issue 9, Page(s) 657–662

Abstract: The skin is a barrier organ and thus exposed to environmental factors from birth, which essentially determine skin aging. In order to describe and understand this complex process exactly, we applied the concept of the "exposome" to the environmentally ... ...

Title translation	Skin aging exposome.
Abstract	The skin is a barrier organ and thus exposed to environmental factors from birth, which essentially determine skin aging. In order to describe and understand this complex process exactly, we applied the concept of the "exposome" to the environmentally induced skin aging process. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the skin aging exposome. In this context, we characterize the most important exposomal factors, address their relative importance for skin aging and also the relevance of their mutual interactions. Finally, we discuss the clinical consequences resulting from this concept for an effective prevention of skin aging.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Skin Aging ; Exposome ; Knowledge ; Parturition ; Records
Language	German
Publishing date	2023-08-18
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2731-7013
ISSN (online)	2731-7013
DOI	10.1007/s00105-023-05210-w
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Article ; Online: Estimating the Relative Contribution of Environmental and Genetic Risk Factors to Different Aging Traits by Combining Correlated Variables into Weighted Risk Scores.

Wigmann, Claudia / Hüls, Anke / Krutmann, Jean / Schikowski, Tamara

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 24

Abstract: Genetic and exposomal factors contribute to the development of human aging. For example, genetic polymorphisms and exposure to environmental factors (air pollution, tobacco smoke, etc.) influence lung and skin aging traits. For prevention purposes it is ... ...

Abstract	Genetic and exposomal factors contribute to the development of human aging. For example, genetic polymorphisms and exposure to environmental factors (air pollution, tobacco smoke, etc.) influence lung and skin aging traits. For prevention purposes it is highly desirable to know the extent to which each category of the exposome and genetic factors contribute to their development. Estimating such extents, however, is methodologically challenging, mainly because the predictors are often highly correlated. Tackling this challenge, this article proposes to use weighted risk scores to assess combined effects of categories of such predictors, and a measure of relative importance to quantify their relative contribution. The risk score weights are determined via regularized regression and the relative contributions are estimated by the proportion of explained variance in linear regression. This approach is applied to data from a cohort of elderly Caucasian women investigated in 2007-2010 by estimating the relative contribution of genetic and exposomal factors to skin and lung aging. Overall, the models explain 17% (95% CI: [9%, 28%]) of the outcome's variance for skin aging and 23% ([11%, 34%]) for lung function parameters. For both aging traits, genetic factors make up the largest contribution. The proposed approach enables us to quantify and rank contributions of categories of exposomal and genetic factors to human aging traits and facilitates risk assessment related to common human diseases in general. Obtained rankings can aid political decision making, for example, by prioritizing protective measures such as limit values for certain exposures.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Aging/genetics ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects ; Exposome ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph192416746
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Article: Effects of Airborne Nanoparticles on the Nervous System: Amyloid Protein Aggregation, Neurodegeneration and Neurodegenerative Diseases.

von Mikecz, Anna / Schikowski, Tamara

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

2020 Volume 10, Issue 7

Abstract: How the environment contributes to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's is not well understood. In recent years, science has found augmenting evidence that nano-sized particles generated by transport (e.g., fuel combustion, tire wear and brake ... ...

Abstract	How the environment contributes to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's is not well understood. In recent years, science has found augmenting evidence that nano-sized particles generated by transport (e.g., fuel combustion, tire wear and brake wear) may promote Alzheimer's disease (AD). Individuals residing close to busy roads are at higher risk of developing AD, and nanomaterials that are specifically generated by traffic-related processes have been detected in human brains. Since AD represents a neurodegenerative disease characterized by amyloid protein aggregation, this review summarizes our current knowledge on the amyloid-generating propensity of traffic-related nanomaterials. Certain nanoparticles induce the amyloid aggregation of otherwise soluble proteins in in vitro laboratory settings, cultured neuronal cells and vertebrate or invertebrate animal models. We discuss the challenges for future studies, namely, strategies to connect the wet laboratory with the epidemiological data in order to elucidate the molecular bio-interactions of airborne nanomaterials and their effects on human health.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662255-5
ISSN	2079-4991
ISSN	2079-4991
DOI	10.3390/nano10071349
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Article ; Online: The Role of Traffic-Related Air Pollution on Neurodegenerative Diseases in Older People: An Epidemiological Perspective.

Tham, Rachel / Schikowski, Tamara

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD

2020 Volume 79, Issue 3, Page(s) 949–959

Abstract: Traffic-related air pollution is ubiquitous and almost impossible to avoid. It is important to understand the role that traffic-related air pollution may play in neurodegenerative diseases, such as dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, ... ...

Abstract	Traffic-related air pollution is ubiquitous and almost impossible to avoid. It is important to understand the role that traffic-related air pollution may play in neurodegenerative diseases, such as dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, particularly among older populations and at-risk groups. There is a growing interest in this area among the environmental epidemiology literature and the body of evidence identifying this role is emerging and strengthening. This review focuses on the principal components of traffic-related air pollutants (particulate matter and nitrogen oxides) and the epidemiological evidence of their contribution to common neurodegenerative diseases. All studies reported are currently observational in nature and there are mixed findings depending on the study design, assessment of traffic-related air pollutant levels, assessment of the neurodegenerative disease outcome, time period of assessment, and the role of confounding environmental factors and at-risk genetic characteristics. All current studies have been conducted in income-rich countries where traffic-related air pollution levels are relatively low. Additional longer-term studies are needed to confirm the levels of risk, consider other contributing environmental factors and to be conducted in settings where air pollution exposures are higher and at-risk populations reside and work. Better understanding of these relationships will help inform the development of preventive measures and reduce chronic cognitive and physical health burdens (cost, quality of life) at personal and societal levels.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Air Pollutants/adverse effects ; Air Pollution/adverse effects ; Humans ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/chemically induced ; Particulate Matter/adverse effects ; Risk Factors ; Traffic-Related Pollution/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-23
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1440127-7
ISSN	1875-8908 ; 1387-2877
ISSN (online)	1875-8908
ISSN	1387-2877
DOI	10.3233/JAD-200813
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Article ; Online: The role of air pollution in cognitive impairment and decline.

Schikowski, Tamara / Altuğ, Hicran

Neurochemistry international

2020 Volume 136, Page(s) 104708

Abstract: The biological pathways and the extent to which air pollution can affect the cognitive decline in the elderly is not fully understood. In recent years, the impact of air pollution on cognitive impairment has become an active area of epidemiological ... ...

Abstract	The biological pathways and the extent to which air pollution can affect the cognitive decline in the elderly is not fully understood. In recent years, the impact of air pollution on cognitive impairment has become an active area of epidemiological research and several studies provided supporting evidence. This short review focuses on epidemiological studies in older adults investigating the associations between long-term air pollution exposure and cognitive impairment and decline. Most studies were observational studies and reported assessment of cognitive function using different cognitive scores and air pollution exposure in adults older than 50 years. The results from these studies indicate that exposure to ambient air pollution can have adverse effects on cognitive decline and impairment, but the overall results are heterogeneous and not fully conclusive. The number of epidemiological studies are still limited and additional longer-term studies are needed to confirm the findings. Understanding the relationship between air pollution and cognitive impairment is important to develop preventive measures and to address the needs of people living with cognitive impairment.
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollution/adverse effects ; Cognition/physiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/chemically induced ; Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology ; Dementia/etiology ; Dementia/physiopathology ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects ; Humans ; Particulate Matter/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Particulate Matter
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	283190-9
ISSN	1872-9754 ; 0197-0186
ISSN (online)	1872-9754
ISSN	0197-0186
DOI	10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104708
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Article ; Online: Skin aging associated with chromium among rural housewives in northern China.

Na, Jigen / Li, Nan / Yan, Lailai / Schikowski, Tamara / Ye, Rongwei / Krutmann, Jean / Li, Zhiwen

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety

2023 Volume 253, Page(s) 114676

Abstract: Previous studies have found associations between chromium exposure and skin damage. However, few studies have focused on both chromium and skin aging. This study aimed to assess the degree of skin aging symptoms and estimate the relationship between hair ...

Abstract	Previous studies have found associations between chromium exposure and skin damage. However, few studies have focused on both chromium and skin aging. This study aimed to assess the degree of skin aging symptoms and estimate the relationship between hair chromium and skin aging among rural housewives. We recruited 405 subjects in Shanxi Province of northern China and analyzed 397 eligible hair samples with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The subjects' skin aging symptoms were assessed with SCINEXA™ (SCore of INtrinsic and EXtrinsic skin Aging). After adjusting for age and other important covariates, the regression results showed more severe skin aging symptoms in women with a higher level of hair chromium and presented an increasing linear trend. Vegetables, fruits, and beans might be a source of chromium exposure. We concluded that skin aging might be positively associated with hair chromium. It is necessary to take measures to reduce chromium exposure to prevent skin aging.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Chromium/toxicity ; Chromium/analysis ; Skin Aging ; Hair/chemistry ; Vegetables ; China
Chemical Substances	Chromium (0R0008Q3JB)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-22
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	436536-7
ISSN	1090-2414 ; 0147-6513
ISSN (online)	1090-2414
ISSN	0147-6513
DOI	10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114676
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