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  1. Article ; Online: 3DSC - a dataset of superconductors including crystal structures.

    Sommer, Timo / Willa, Roland / Schmalian, Jörg / Friederich, Pascal

    Scientific data

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 816

    Abstract: Data-driven methods, in particular machine learning, can help to speed up the discovery of new materials by finding hidden patterns in existing data and using them to identify promising candidate materials. In the case of superconductors, the use of data ...

    Abstract Data-driven methods, in particular machine learning, can help to speed up the discovery of new materials by finding hidden patterns in existing data and using them to identify promising candidate materials. In the case of superconductors, the use of data science tools is to date slowed down by a lack of accessible data. In this work, we present a new and publicly available superconductivity dataset ('3DSC'), featuring the critical temperature T
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Dataset ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2775191-0
    ISSN 2052-4463 ; 2052-4463
    ISSN (online) 2052-4463
    ISSN 2052-4463
    DOI 10.1038/s41597-023-02721-y
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  2. Article ; Online: Bosonic excitation spectra of superconductingBi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δandYBa2Cu3O6+xextracted from scanning tunneling spectra.

    Gozlinski, Thomas / Henn, Mirjam / Wolf, Thomas / Le Tacon, Matthieu / Schmalian, Jörg / Wulfhekel, Wulf

    Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal

    2024  Volume 36, Issue 17

    Abstract: A detailed interpretation of scanning tunneling spectra obtained on unconventional superconductors enables one to gain information on the pairing boson. Decisive for this approach are inelastic tunneling events. Due to the lack of momentum conservation ... ...

    Abstract A detailed interpretation of scanning tunneling spectra obtained on unconventional superconductors enables one to gain information on the pairing boson. Decisive for this approach are inelastic tunneling events. Due to the lack of momentum conservation in tunneling from or to the sharp tip, those are enhanced in the geometry of a scanning tunneling microscope compared to planar tunnel junctions. This work extends the method of obtaining the bosonic excitation spectrum by deconvolution from tunneling spectra to nodal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1472968-4
    ISSN 1361-648X ; 0953-8984
    ISSN (online) 1361-648X
    ISSN 0953-8984
    DOI 10.1088/1361-648X/ad1ca8
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  3. Article ; Online: Topologically Enabled Superconductivity.

    Rampp, Michael A / König, Elio J / Schmalian, Jörg

    Physical review letters

    2022  Volume 129, Issue 7, Page(s) 77001

    Abstract: Majorana zero modes are a much sought-after consequence of one-dimensional topological superconductivity. Here, we show that, in turn, zero modes accompanying dynamical instanton events strongly enhance-in some cases even enable-superconductivity. We ... ...

    Abstract Majorana zero modes are a much sought-after consequence of one-dimensional topological superconductivity. Here, we show that, in turn, zero modes accompanying dynamical instanton events strongly enhance-in some cases even enable-superconductivity. We find that the dynamics of a one-dimensional topological triplet superconductor is governed by a θ term in the action. For isotropic triplets, this term enables algebraic charge-2e superconductivity, which is destroyed by fluctuations in nontopological superconductors. For anisotropic triplets, zero modes suppress quantum phase slips and stabilize superconductivity over a large region of the phase diagram. We present predictions of correlation functions and thermodynamics for states of topologically enhanced superconductivity.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.077001
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  4. Article ; Online: Lévy Flights and Hydrodynamic Superdiffusion on the Dirac Cone of Graphene.

    Kiselev, Egor I / Schmalian, Jörg

    Physical review letters

    2019  Volume 123, Issue 19, Page(s) 195302

    Abstract: We show that the hydrodynamic collision processes of graphene electrons at the neutrality point can be described in terms of a Fokker-Planck equation with a fractional derivative, corresponding to a Lévy flight in momentum space. Thus, electron-electron ... ...

    Abstract We show that the hydrodynamic collision processes of graphene electrons at the neutrality point can be described in terms of a Fokker-Planck equation with a fractional derivative, corresponding to a Lévy flight in momentum space. Thus, electron-electron collisions give rise to frequent small-angle scattering processes that are interrupted by rare large-angle events. The latter give rise to superdiffusive dynamics of collective excitations. We argue that such superdiffusive dynamics is of more general importance to the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of quantum-critical systems.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.195302
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  5. Article ; Online: Fused-Silica 3D Chiral Metamaterials via Helium-Assisted Microcasting Supporting Topologically Protected Twist Edge Resonances with High Mechanical Quality Factors.

    Köpfler, Julian / Frenzel, Tobias / Schmalian, Jörg / Wegener, Martin

    Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

    2021  Volume 33, Issue 40, Page(s) e2103205

    Abstract: It is predicted theoretically that a 1D diatomic chain of 3D chiral cells can support a topological bandgap that allows for translating a small time-harmonic axial movement at one end of the chain into a resonantly enhanced large rotation of an edge ... ...

    Abstract It is predicted theoretically that a 1D diatomic chain of 3D chiral cells can support a topological bandgap that allows for translating a small time-harmonic axial movement at one end of the chain into a resonantly enhanced large rotation of an edge state at the other end. This edge state is topologically protected such that an arbitrary mass of a mirror at the other end does not shift the eigenfrequency out of the bandgap. Herein, this complex 3D laser-beam-scanner microstructure is realized in fused-silica form. A novel microcasting approach is introduced that starts from a hollow polymer cast made by standard 3D laser nanoprinting. The cast is evacuated and filled with helium, such that a highly viscous commercial glass slurry is sucked in. After UV curing and thermal debinding of the polymer, the fused-silica glass is sintered at 1225 °C under vacuum. Detailed optical measurements reveal a mechanical quality factor of the twist-edge resonance of 2850 at around 278 kHz resonance frequency under ambient conditions. The microcasting approach can likely be translated to many other glasses, to metals and ceramics, and to complex architectures that are not or not yet amenable to direct 3D laser printing.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-16
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1474949-X
    ISSN 1521-4095 ; 0935-9648
    ISSN (online) 1521-4095
    ISSN 0935-9648
    DOI 10.1002/adma.202103205
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  6. Book ; Online: 3DSC - A New Dataset of Superconductors Including Crystal Structures

    Sommer, Timo / Willa, Roland / Schmalian, Jörg / Friederich, Pascal

    2022  

    Abstract: Data-driven methods, in particular machine learning, can help to speed up the discovery of new materials by finding hidden patterns in existing data and using them to identify promising candidate materials. In the case of superconductors, which are a ... ...

    Abstract Data-driven methods, in particular machine learning, can help to speed up the discovery of new materials by finding hidden patterns in existing data and using them to identify promising candidate materials. In the case of superconductors, which are a highly interesting but also a complex class of materials with many relevant applications, the use of data science tools is to date slowed down by a lack of accessible data. In this work, we present a new and publicly available superconductivity dataset ('3DSC'), featuring the critical temperature $T_\mathrm{c}$ of superconducting materials additionally to tested non-superconductors. In contrast to existing databases such as the SuperCon database which contains information on the chemical composition, the 3DSC is augmented by the approximate three-dimensional crystal structure of each material. We perform a statistical analysis and machine learning experiments to show that access to this structural information improves the prediction of the critical temperature $T_\mathrm{c}$ of materials. Furthermore, we see the 3DSC not as a finished dataset, but we provide ideas and directions for further research to improve the 3DSC in multiple ways. We are confident that this database will be useful in applying state-of-the-art machine learning methods to eventually find new superconductors.

    Comment: 15 pages + 10 pages of supporting information; UPDATE: standardised formatting, removed double dash from title & updated github links
    Keywords Condensed Matter - Superconductivity ; Condensed Matter - Materials Science
    Publishing date 2022-12-12
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
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  7. Article ; Online: Band-resolved Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon states of multiple-flux-quanta vortices in a multiband superconductor.

    Gozlinski, Thomas / Li, Qili / Heid, Rolf / Nemoto, Ryohei / Willa, Roland / Yamada, Toyo Kazu / Schmalian, Jörg / Wulfhekel, Wulf

    Science advances

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 36, Page(s) eadh9163

    Abstract: Superconductors are of type I or II depending on whether they form an Abrikosov vortex lattice. Although bulk lead (Pb) is classified as a prototypical type-I superconductor, we show that its two-band superconductivity allows for single-flux-quantum and ... ...

    Abstract Superconductors are of type I or II depending on whether they form an Abrikosov vortex lattice. Although bulk lead (Pb) is classified as a prototypical type-I superconductor, we show that its two-band superconductivity allows for single-flux-quantum and multiple-flux-quanta vortices in the intermediate state at millikelvin temperature. Using scanning tunneling microscopy, the winding number of individual vortices is determined from the real space wave function of its Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon bound states. This generalizes the topological index theorem put forward by Volovik for isotropic electronic states to realistic electronic structures. In addition, the bound states due to the two superconducting bands of Pb can be separately detected and the two gaps close independently inside vortices. This yields strong evidence for a low interband coupling.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2810933-8
    ISSN 2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
    ISSN (online) 2375-2548
    ISSN 2375-2548
    DOI 10.1126/sciadv.adh9163
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  8. Book ; Online: The boundary conditions of viscous electron flow

    Kiselev, Egor I. / Schmalian, Joerg

    2018  

    Abstract: The sensitivity of charge, heat, or momentum transport to the sample geometry is a hallmark of viscous electron flow. Therefore, hydrodynamic electronics requires the detailed understanding of electron flow in finite geometries. The solution of the ... ...

    Abstract The sensitivity of charge, heat, or momentum transport to the sample geometry is a hallmark of viscous electron flow. Therefore, hydrodynamic electronics requires the detailed understanding of electron flow in finite geometries. The solution of the corresponding generalized Navier-Stokes equations depends sensitively on the nature of boundary conditions. The latter are generally characterized by a slip length $\zeta$ with extreme cases being no-slip $\left(\zeta\rightarrow0\right)$ and no-stress $\left(\zeta\rightarrow\infty\right)$ conditions. We develop a kinetic theory that determines the temperature dependent slip length at a rough interface for Dirac liquids, e.g. graphene, and for Fermi liquids. For strongly disordered edges that scatter electrons in a fully diffuse way, we find that the slip length is of the order of the momentum conserving mean free path $l_{ee}$ that determines the electron viscosity. For boundaries with nearly specular scattering $\zeta$ is parametrically large compared to $l_{ee}$. Since for all quantum fluids $l_{ee}$ diverges as $T\rightarrow0$, the ultimate low-temperature flow is always in the no-stress regime. Only at intermediate $T$ and for sufficiently large sample sizes can the slip lengths be short enough such that no-slip conditions are appropriate. We discuss numerical examples for several experimentally investigated systems.
    Keywords Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
    Subject code 621
    Publishing date 2018-06-11
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
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  9. Article ; Online: Topological superconductivity and unconventional pairing in oxide interfaces.

    Scheurer, Mathias S / Schmalian, Jörg

    Nature communications

    2015  Volume 6, Page(s) 6005

    Abstract: Pinpointing the microscopic mechanism for superconductivity has proven to be one of the most outstanding challenges in the physics of correlated quantum matter. Thus far, the most direct evidence for an electronic pairing mechanism is the observation of ... ...

    Abstract Pinpointing the microscopic mechanism for superconductivity has proven to be one of the most outstanding challenges in the physics of correlated quantum matter. Thus far, the most direct evidence for an electronic pairing mechanism is the observation of a new symmetry of the order parameter, as done in the cuprate high-temperature superconductors. Alternatively, global, topological invariants allow for a sharp discrimination between states of matter that cannot be transformed into each other adiabatically. Here we propose an unconventional pairing state for the electron fluid in two-dimensional oxide interfaces and establish a direct link to the emergence of non-trivial topological invariants. Topological signatures, in particular Majorana edge states, can then be used to detect the microscopic origin of superconductivity. In addition, we show that also the density wave states that compete with superconductivity sensitively depend on the nature of the pairing interaction.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/ncomms7005
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  10. Article ; Online: Strongly correlated electron systems-reports on the progress of the field.

    Greene, Laura H / Thompson, Joe / Schmalian, Jörg

    Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)

    2017  Volume 80, Issue 3, Page(s) 30401

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 205657-4
    ISSN 1361-6633 ; 0034-4885
    ISSN (online) 1361-6633
    ISSN 0034-4885
    DOI 10.1088/1361-6633/aa5b0c
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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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