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Article ; Online: An integrated molecular risk score early in life for subsequent childhood asthma risk.

Böck, Andreas / Urner, Kathrin / Eckert, Jana Kristin / Salvermoser, Michael / Laubhahn, Kristina / Kunze, Sonja / Kumbrink, Jörg / Hoeppner, Marc P / Kalkbrenner, Kathrin / Kreimeier, Simone / Beyer, Kirsten / Hamelmann, Eckard / Kabesch, Michael / Depner, Martin / Hansen, Gesine / Riedler, Josef / Roponen, Marjut / Schmausser-Hechfellner, Elisabeth / Barnig, Cindy /

Divaret-Chauveau, Amandine / Karvonen, Anne M / Pekkanen, Juha / Frei, Remo / Roduit, Caroline / Lauener, Roger / Schaub, Bianca

Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology

2024 Volume 54, Issue 5, Page(s) 314–328

Abstract: Background: Numerous children present with early wheeze symptoms, yet solely a subgroup develops childhood asthma. Early identification of children at risk is key for clinical monitoring, timely patient-tailored treatment, and preventing chronic, severe ...

Abstract	Background: Numerous children present with early wheeze symptoms, yet solely a subgroup develops childhood asthma. Early identification of children at risk is key for clinical monitoring, timely patient-tailored treatment, and preventing chronic, severe sequelae. For early prediction of childhood asthma, we aimed to define an integrated risk score combining established risk factors with genome-wide molecular markers at birth, complemented by subsequent clinical symptoms/diagnoses (wheezing, atopic dermatitis, food allergy). Methods: Three longitudinal birth cohorts (PAULINA/PAULCHEN, n = 190 + 93 = 283, PASTURE, n = 1133) were used to predict childhood asthma (age 5-11) including epidemiological characteristics and molecular markers: genotype, DNA methylation and mRNA expression (RNASeq/NanoString). Apparent (ap) and optimism-corrected (oc) performance (AUC/R2) was assessed leveraging evidence from independent studies (Naïve-Bayes approach) combined with high-dimensional logistic regression models (LASSO). Results: Asthma prediction with epidemiological characteristics at birth (maternal asthma, sex, farm environment) yielded an ocAUC = 0.65. Inclusion of molecular markers as predictors resulted in an improvement in apparent prediction performance, however, for optimism-corrected performance only a moderate increase was observed (upto ocAUC = 0.68). The greatest discriminate power was reached by adding the first symptoms/diagnosis (up to ocAUC = 0.76; increase of 0.08, p = .002). Longitudinal analysis of selected mRNA expression in PASTURE (cord blood, 1, 4.5, 6 years) showed that expression at age six had the strongest association with asthma and correlation of genes getting larger over time (r = .59, p < .001, 4.5-6 years). Conclusion: Applying epidemiological predictors alone showed moderate predictive abilities. Molecular markers from birth modestly improved prediction. Allergic symptoms/diagnoses enhanced the power of prediction, which is important for clinical practice and for the design of future studies with molecular markers.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Asthma/epidemiology ; Asthma/genetics ; Asthma/diagnosis ; Female ; Male ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Risk Factors ; Longitudinal Studies ; DNA Methylation ; Biomarkers ; Birth Cohort
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	645204-8
ISSN	1365-2222 ; 0954-7894 ; 0960-2178
ISSN (online)	1365-2222
ISSN	0954-7894 ; 0960-2178
DOI	10.1111/cea.14475
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Article ; Online: Inverse associations between food diversity in the second year of life and allergic diseases.

Stampfli, Martha / Frei, Remo / Divaret-Chauveau, Amandine / Schmausser-Hechfellner, Elisabeth / Karvonen, Anne M / Pekkanen, Juha / Riedler, Josef / Schaub, Bianca / von Mutius, Erika / Lauener, Roger / Roduit, Caroline

Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology

2021 Volume 128, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–45

Abstract: Background: The influence of diet in early childhood on later allergic diseases is currently a highly debated research topic. We and others have suggested that an increased diet diversity in the first year of life has a protective effect on the ... ...

Abstract	Background: The influence of diet in early childhood on later allergic diseases is currently a highly debated research topic. We and others have suggested that an increased diet diversity in the first year of life has a protective effect on the development of allergic diseases. Objective: This follow-up study aimed to investigate associations between diet in the second year of life and later allergic diseases. Methods: A total of 1014 children from rural areas in 5 European countries (the Protection against Allergy: Study in Rural Environments or PASTURE birth cohort) were included. Information on feeding practices in their second year of life and allergic diseases were collected up to age 6 years. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed with different models considering reverse causality, such as excluding children with a positive sensitization to egg and those with a positive sensitization to cow's milk at the age of 1 year. Results: An increased food diversity score during the second year of life was negatively associated with the development of asthma. Consumption of dairy products and eggs in the second year of life found an inverse association with reported allergic outcomes. Consumption of butter was strongly associated with protection against asthma and food sensitization. Egg was inversely associated with atopic dermatitis (odds ratio [OR], 0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.04-0.77). Yogurt and cow's milk were inversely associated with food allergy (OR for yogurt, 0.05; 95% CI, 0.01-0.55; OR for cow's milk, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.11-0.89). Conclusion: Increased food diversity in the second year of life is inversely associated with the development of asthma, and consumption of dairy products might have a protective effect on allergic diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Allergens ; Animals ; Asthma/epidemiology ; Asthma/prevention & control ; Birth Cohort ; Cattle ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dairy Products ; Diet ; Eggs ; Europe ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Food Hypersensitivity/epidemiology ; Food Hypersensitivity/prevention & control ; Humans ; Infant
Chemical Substances	Allergens
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1228189-x
ISSN	1534-4436 ; 0003-4738 ; 1081-1206
ISSN (online)	1534-4436
ISSN	0003-4738 ; 1081-1206
DOI	10.1016/j.anai.2021.10.005
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Article ; Online: Excessive Unbalanced Meat Consumption in the First Year of Life Increases Asthma Risk in the PASTURE and LUKAS2 Birth Cohorts.

Hose, Alexander J / Pagani, Giulia / Karvonen, Anne M / Kirjavainen, Pirkka V / Roduit, Caroline / Genuneit, Jon / Schmaußer-Hechfellner, Elisabeth / Depner, Martin / Frei, Remo / Lauener, Roger / Riedler, Josef / Schaub, Bianca / Fuchs, Oliver / von Mutius, Erika / Divaret-Chauveau, Amandine / Pekkanen, Juha / Ege, Markus J

Frontiers in immunology

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 651709

Abstract: A higher diversity of food items introduced in the first year of life has been inversely related to subsequent development of asthma. In the current analysis, we applied latent class analysis (LCA) to systematically assess feeding patterns and to relate ... ...

Abstract	A higher diversity of food items introduced in the first year of life has been inversely related to subsequent development of asthma. In the current analysis, we applied latent class analysis (LCA) to systematically assess feeding patterns and to relate them to asthma risk at school age. PASTURE (N=1133) and LUKAS2 (N=228) are prospective birth cohort studies designed to evaluate protective and risk factors for atopic diseases, including dietary patterns. Feeding practices were reported by parents in monthly diaries between the 4
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Asthma/epidemiology ; Asthma/immunology ; Asthma/microbiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA, Bacterial/isolation & purification ; Diet Records ; Europe/epidemiology ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/immunology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/immunology ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Meat/adverse effects ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Risk Assessment/statistics & numerical data
Chemical Substances	DNA, Bacterial ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2021.651709
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Article ; Online: Continuous Rather Than Solely Early Farm Exposure Protects From Hay Fever Development.

Pechlivanis, Sonali / Depner, Martin / Kirjavainen, Pirkka V / Roduit, Caroline / Täubel, Martin / Frei, Remo / Skevaki, Chrysanthi / Hose, Alexander / Barnig, Cindy / Schmausser-Hechfellner, Elisabeth / Ege, Markus J / Schaub, Bianca / Divaret-Chauveau, Amandine / Lauener, Roger / Karvonen, Anne M / Pekkanen, Juha / Riedler, Josef / Illi, Sabina / von Mutius, Erika

The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice

2022 Volume 11, Issue 2, Page(s) 591–601

Abstract: Background: An important window of opportunity for early-life exposures has been proposed for the development of atopic eczema and asthma.: Objective: However, it is unknown whether hay fever with a peak incidence around late school age to ... ...

Abstract	Background: An important window of opportunity for early-life exposures has been proposed for the development of atopic eczema and asthma. Objective: However, it is unknown whether hay fever with a peak incidence around late school age to adolescence is similarly determined very early in life. Methods: In the Protection against Allergy-Study in Rural Environments (PASTURE) birth cohort potentially relevant exposures such as farm milk consumption and exposure to animal sheds were assessed at multiple time points from infancy to age 10.5 years and classified by repeated measure latent class analyses (n = 769). Fecal samples at ages 2 and 12 months were sequenced by 16S rRNA. Hay fever was defined by parent-reported symptoms and/or physician's diagnosis of hay fever in the last 12 months using questionnaires at 10.5 years. Results: Farm children had half the risk of hay fever at 10.5 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.50; 95% CI 0.31-0.79) than that of nonfarm children. Whereas early life events such as gut microbiome richness at 12 months (aOR 0.66; 95% CI 0.46-0.96) and exposure to animal sheds in the first 3 years of life (aOR 0.26; 95% CI 0.06-1.15) were determinants of hay fever, the continuous consumption of farm milk from infancy up to school age was necessary to exert the protective effect (aOR 0.35; 95% CI 0.17-0.72). Conclusions: While early life events determine the risk of subsequent hay fever, continuous exposure is necessary to achieve protection. These findings argue against the notion that only early life exposures set long-lasting trajectories.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/epidemiology ; Farms ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Agriculture ; Allergens ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Chemical Substances	RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Allergens
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2843237-X
ISSN	2213-2201 ; 2213-2198
ISSN (online)	2213-2201
ISSN	2213-2198
DOI	10.1016/j.jaip.2022.10.035
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Article ; Online: Trajectories of cough without a cold in early childhood and associations with atopic diseases.

Divaret-Chauveau, Amandine / Mauny, Frederic / Hose, Alexander / Depner, Martin / Dalphin, Marie-Laure / Kaulek, Vincent / Barnig, Cindy / Schaub, Bianca / Schmausser-Hechfellner, Elisabeth / Renz, Harald / Riedler, Josef / Pekkanen, Juha / Karvonen, Anne M / Täubel, Martin / Lauener, Roger / Roduit, Caroline / Vuitton, Dominique Angèle / von Mutius, Erika / Demoulin-Alexikova, Silvia

Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology

2022 Volume 53, Issue 4, Page(s) 429–442

Abstract: Background: Although children can frequently experience a cough that affects their quality of life, few epidemiological studies have explored cough without a cold during childhood.: Objectives: The objective of the study was to describe the latent ... ...

Abstract	Background: Although children can frequently experience a cough that affects their quality of life, few epidemiological studies have explored cough without a cold during childhood. Objectives: The objective of the study was to describe the latent class trajectories of cough from one to 10 years old and analyse their association with wheezing, atopy and allergic diseases. Methods: Questions about cough, wheeze and allergic diseases were asked at 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 10 years of age in the European prospective cohort of Protection against Allergy: STUdy in Rural Environment (PASTURE). Specific IgE assays were performed at 10 years of age. Questions regarding a cough without a cold were used to build a latent class model of cough over time. Results: Among the 961 children included in the study, apart from the never/infrequent trajectory (59.9%), eight trajectories of cough without a cold were identified: five grouped acute transient classes (24.1%), moderate transient (6.8%), late persistent (4.8%) and early persistent (4.4%). Compared with the never/infrequent trajectory, the other trajectories were significantly associated with wheezing, asthma and allergic rhinitis. For asthma, the strongest association was with the early persistent trajectory (OR Conclusion: Late and early persistent coughs without a cold are positively associated with atopic respiratory diseases and food allergy. Children having recurrent cough without a cold with night cough and triggers would benefit from an asthma and allergy assessment. Growing up on a farm is associated with reduced early persistent cough.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Cough/epidemiology ; Cough/etiology ; Prospective Studies ; Respiratory Sounds/etiology ; Quality of Life ; Asthma/epidemiology ; Asthma/etiology ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate ; Food Hypersensitivity/epidemiology ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	645204-8
ISSN	1365-2222 ; 0954-7894 ; 0960-2178
ISSN (online)	1365-2222
ISSN	0954-7894 ; 0960-2178
DOI	10.1111/cea.14257
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Article ; Online: Association between antibiotic treatment during pregnancy and infancy and the development of allergic diseases.

Metzler, Stefanie / Frei, Remo / Schmaußer-Hechfellner, Elisabeth / von Mutius, Erika / Pekkanen, Juha / Karvonen, Anne M / Kirjavainen, Pirkka V / Dalphin, Jean-Charles / Divaret-Chauveau, Amandine / Riedler, Josef / Lauener, Roger / Roduit, Caroline

Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

2019 Volume 30, Issue 4, Page(s) 423–433

Abstract: Background: Allergies are a serious public health issue, and prevalences are rising worldwide. The role of antibiotics in the development of allergies has repeatedly been discussed, as results remain inconsistent. The aim of this study was to ... ...

Abstract	Background: Allergies are a serious public health issue, and prevalences are rising worldwide. The role of antibiotics in the development of allergies has repeatedly been discussed, as results remain inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between pre- and post-natal antibiotic exposure and subsequent development of allergies (atopic dermatitis, food allergy, asthma, atopic sensitization and allergic rhinitis). Methods: A total of 1080 children who participated in a European birth cohort study (PASTURE) were included in this analysis. Data on antibiotic exposure during pregnancy and/or first year of life and allergic diseases were collected by questionnaires from pregnancy up to 6 years of age and analysed by performing logistic regressions. To take into account reverse causation, we included models, where children with diagnosis or symptoms of the respective disease in the first year of life were excluded. Results: Antibiotic exposure in utero was significantly and positively associated with atopic dermatitis and food allergy. The strongest effect was on diseases with onset within the first year of life (for atopic dermatitis: aOR 1.66, 95% CI 1.11-2.48 and for food allergy: aOR 3.01, 95% CI 1.22-7.47). Antibiotics in the first year of life were positively associated with atopic dermatitis up to 4 years (aOR 2.73, 95% CI 1.66-4.49) and also suggested a dose-response relationship. A tendency was observed with asthma between 3 and 6 years (aOR 1.65, 95% CI 0.95-2.86). Conclusions: Our findings show positive associations between exposure to antibiotics and allergies, mainly atopic dermatitis and food allergy within the first year of life, after prenatal exposure, and atopic dermatitis and asthma after post-natal exposure to antibiotics in children born in rural settings.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Asthma/epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Dermatitis, Atopic/epidemiology ; Eczema ; Europe/epidemiology ; Female ; Food Hypersensitivity/epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Rhinitis, Allergic/epidemiology ; Rural Population
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1057059-7
ISSN	1399-3038 ; 0905-6157 ; 0906-5784
ISSN (online)	1399-3038
ISSN	0905-6157 ; 0906-5784
DOI	10.1111/pai.13039
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Article ; Online: Immune Responsiveness to LPS Determines Risk of Childhood Wheeze and Asthma in 17q21 Risk Allele Carriers.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

2021 Volume 205, Issue 6, Page(s) 641–650

Abstract: Rationale: ...

Abstract	Rationale:
MeSH term(s)	Alleles ; Animals ; Asthma/genetics ; Cattle ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; Cytokines/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Mice ; Respiratory Sounds/genetics
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; Lipopolysaccharides
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1180953-x
ISSN	1535-4970 ; 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
ISSN (online)	1535-4970
ISSN	0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
DOI	10.1164/rccm.202106-1458OC
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Article ; Online: Maturation of the gut microbiome during the first year of life contributes to the protective farm effect on childhood asthma.

Nature medicine

2020 Volume 26, Issue 11, Page(s) 1766–1775

Abstract: Growing up on a farm is associated with an asthma-protective effect, but the mechanisms underlying this effect are largely unknown. In the Protection against Allergy: Study in Rural Environments (PASTURE) birth cohort, we modeled maturation using 16S ... ...

Abstract	Growing up on a farm is associated with an asthma-protective effect, but the mechanisms underlying this effect are largely unknown. In the Protection against Allergy: Study in Rural Environments (PASTURE) birth cohort, we modeled maturation using 16S rRNA sequence data of the human gut microbiome in infants from 2 to 12 months of age. The estimated microbiome age (EMA) in 12-month-old infants was associated with previous farm exposure (β = 0.27 (0.12-0.43), P = 0.001, n = 618) and reduced risk of asthma at school age (odds ratio (OR) = 0.72 (0.56-0.93), P = 0.011). EMA mediated the protective farm effect by 19%. In a nested case-control sample (n = 138), we found inverse associations of asthma with the measured level of fecal butyrate (OR = 0.28 (0.09-0.91), P = 0.034), bacterial taxa that predict butyrate production (OR = 0.38 (0.17-0.84), P = 0.017) and the relative abundance of the gene encoding butyryl-coenzyme A (CoA):acetate-CoA-transferase, a major enzyme in butyrate metabolism (OR = 0.43 (0.19-0.97), P = 0.042). The gut microbiome may contribute to asthma protection through metabolites, supporting the concept of a gut-lung axis in humans.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Asthma/epidemiology ; Asthma/genetics ; Asthma/microbiology ; Asthma/pathology ; Bacteria/classification ; Bacteria/genetics ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Butyrates/isolation & purification ; Butyrates/metabolism ; Child ; Coenzyme A-Transferases/genetics ; Feces/chemistry ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung/metabolism ; Lung/pathology ; Male ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
Chemical Substances	Butyrates ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Coenzyme A-Transferases (EC 2.8.3.-) ; butyryl-CoA acetoacetate CoA transferase (EC 2.8.3.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1220066-9
ISSN	1546-170X ; 1078-8956
ISSN (online)	1546-170X
ISSN	1078-8956
DOI	10.1038/s41591-020-1095-x
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Article ; Online: High levels of butyrate and propionate in early life are associated with protection against atopy.

Roduit, Caroline / Frei, Remo / Ferstl, Ruth / Loeliger, Susanne / Westermann, Patrick / Rhyner, Claudio / Schiavi, Elisa / Barcik, Weronika / Rodriguez-Perez, Noelia / Wawrzyniak, Marcin / Chassard, Christophe / Lacroix, Christophe / Schmausser-Hechfellner, Elisabeth / Depner, Martin / von Mutius, Erika / Braun-Fahrländer, Charlotte / Karvonen, Anne M / Kirjavainen, Pirkka V / Pekkanen, Juha /

Dalphin, Jean-Charles / Riedler, Josef / Akdis, Cezmi / Lauener, Roger / O'Mahony, Liam

Allergy

2018 Volume 74, Issue 4, Page(s) 799–809

Abstract: Background: Dietary changes are suggested to play a role in the increasing prevalence of allergic diseases and asthma. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites present in certain foods and are produced by microbes in the gut following ... ...

Abstract	Background: Dietary changes are suggested to play a role in the increasing prevalence of allergic diseases and asthma. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites present in certain foods and are produced by microbes in the gut following fermentation of fibers. SCFAs have been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties in animal models. Our objective was to investigate the potential role of SCFAs in the prevention of allergy and asthma. Methods: We analyzed SCFA levels by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in fecal samples from 301 one-year-old children from a birth cohort and examined their association with early life exposures, especially diet, and allergy and asthma later in life. Data on exposures and allergic diseases were collected by questionnaires. In addition, we treated mice with SCFAs to examine their effect on allergic airway inflammation. Results: Significant associations between the levels of SCFAs and the infant's diet were identified. Children with the highest levels of butyrate and propionate (≥95th percentile) in feces at the age of one year had significantly less atopic sensitization and were less likely to have asthma between 3 and 6 years. Children with the highest levels of butyrate were also less likely to have a reported diagnosis of food allergy or allergic rhinitis. Oral administration of SCFAs to mice significantly reduced the severity of allergic airway inflammation. Conclusion: Our results suggest that strategies to increase SCFA levels could be a new dietary preventive option for allergic diseases in children.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Asthma/etiology ; Asthma/prevention & control ; Butyrates/analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Diet ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/analysis ; Feces/chemistry ; Female ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate/etiology ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate/prevention & control ; Infant ; Male ; Mice ; Propionates/analysis
Chemical Substances	Butyrates ; Fatty Acids, Volatile ; Propionates
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-11-25
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	391933-x
ISSN	1398-9995 ; 0105-4538
ISSN (online)	1398-9995
ISSN	0105-4538
DOI	10.1111/all.13660
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Article ; Online: The protective effect of cheese consumption at 18 months on allergic diseases in the first 6 years.

Nicklaus, Sophie / Divaret-Chauveau, Amandine / Chardon, Marie-Laure / Roduit, Caroline / Kaulek, Vincent / Ksiazek, Eléa / Dalphin, Marie-Laure / Karvonen, Anne M / Kirjavainen, Pirkka / Pekkanen, Juha / Lauener, Roger / Schmausser-Hechfellner, Elisabeth / Renz, Harald / Braun-Fahrländer, Charlotte / Riedler, Josef / Vuitton, Dominique A / Mutius, Erika Von / Dalphin, Jean-Charles

Allergy

2018 Volume 74, Issue 4, Page(s) 788–798

Abstract: Background: The effect of exposure to microorganisms on allergic diseases has been well studied. The protective effect of early food diversity against allergic diseases was previously shown in the PASTURE cohort study. The consumption of cheese, a food ... ...

Abstract	Background: The effect of exposure to microorganisms on allergic diseases has been well studied. The protective effect of early food diversity against allergic diseases was previously shown in the PASTURE cohort study. The consumption of cheese, a food potentially rich in microbial diversity, deserves further examination. We aimed to evaluate whether cheese consumption is associated with allergic diseases. Methods: In the PASTURE study (birth cohort in 5 European countries), data on feeding practices, environmental factors, and allergic diseases were collected by questionnaires from birth to 6 years (N = 931). Cheese consumption at 18 months of age was quantified in terms of frequency and diversity (ie, number of consumed types among 6 types: hard pressed, semipressed, soft, blue, fresh cheese, and cheese from the farm). Multiple logistic regressions were performed to evaluate the effect of cheese consumption on atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergy (FA), allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic sensitization at 6 years after adjustment for confounders of atopy. Results: Cheese consumption (vs. nonconsumption) had a significant protective effect on AD (OR = 0.51 [0.29-0.90], P = 0.02) and FA (OR = 0.32, [0.15-0.71], P = 0.004), but no effect on atopic sensitization, allergic rhinitis, and asthma at 6 years. This effect on AD and FA may be related to the diversity of consumed cheeses (OR = 0.64 [0.48-0.85] per cheese type, P = 0.002; OR = 0.55 [0.33-0.92], P = 0.02, respectively). Conclusion: Although reverse causality cannot totally be ruled out, cheese diversity at 18 months had a protective effect against AD and FA at 6 years in addition to the protective effect of diversity of other foods.
MeSH term(s)	Cheese/microbiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dermatitis, Atopic/prevention & control ; Food Hypersensitivity/prevention & control ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity/prevention & control ; Infant ; Male ; Regression Analysis ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-11-19
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391933-x
ISSN	1398-9995 ; 0105-4538
ISSN (online)	1398-9995
ISSN	0105-4538
DOI	10.1111/all.13650
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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