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  1. Article: Green city solutions - a new concept for greener cities and reduction of air pollution

    Saenger, P / Schroeder, F. G

    Acta horticulturae. 2019, , no. 1266

    2019  

    Abstract: Particulate matter (PM), also known as particle pollution, is a complex mixture of extremely small particles that get into the air. Once inhaled, these particles can affect humans, especially their heart and lungs, and cause serious diseases. PM10 and ... ...

    Abstract Particulate matter (PM), also known as particle pollution, is a complex mixture of extremely small particles that get into the air. Once inhaled, these particles can affect humans, especially their heart and lungs, and cause serious diseases. PM10 and PM2.5 mean particles which are smaller than 10 or 2.5 µm, respectively. They can be detected using an electron microscope. These particles come in many sizes and shapes and are made from various chemicals. Some are emitted directly from a source, such as buildings, cars, roads, fields, industries, smokestacks or fires. Tests with different plants were carried out at the University of Applied Sciences Dresden to reduce particle air pollution. Growth chambers with a volume of 50 m(3) containing no or different plants are used. To measure the PM adsorption of plants, controlled air ventilation was installed. Results show a significantly reduced PM content in the air after passing a canopy of plants. Depending on the experimental design, the investigated plants and the air movement, a reduction of 25 up to 30% of PM was observed. The results are used to design a vertical hydroponic plant system for urban areas, called "The City Tree".
    Keywords adsorption ; air ; air flow ; air pollution ; buildings ; canopy ; cities ; experimental design ; fires ; growth chambers ; human health ; hydroponics ; industry ; particulates ; pollution control ; roads ; urban areas
    Language English
    Size p. 181-186.
    Publishing place International Society for Horticultural Science.
    Document type Article
    Note Paper presented at the International Symposium on Growing Media, Soilless Cultivation, and Compost Utilization in Horticulture held August 20-August 25, 2017 Portland, Oregon, United States of America
    ISSN 0567-7572
    DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1266.25
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: Hydroponic forcing of saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

    Schroeder, F. G. / Lozoya, D. R. / Ruser, P.

    Acta horticulturae. 2020 Mar. 23, , no. 1273

    2020  

    Abstract: Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is one of the most expensive plant products in horticulture and is used for various applications in the food industries, for cosmetics, and for medicine. The world production is dominated by Iran, followed by Turkey, Italy, ... ...

    Abstract Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is one of the most expensive plant products in horticulture and is used for various applications in the food industries, for cosmetics, and for medicine. The world production is dominated by Iran, followed by Turkey, Italy, Greece, Spain, and Morocco. Iran itself is responsible for approximately 60% of the total production with an average yield of 4.7 kg ha‑1. Even today, the “saffron crocus” is traditionally produced in the open field without major technology improvements and some crocusRSQUOs threads are hand-picked in the wild. This research paper presents the results of a trial where saffron is cultivated in four different growing systems (organic layer of substrate, hydroponic tray, “bulbfust” pin tray, and control group) under supplemental light conditions (LED and HPS). The tests were carried out in a growth chamber at the University of Applied Sciences in Dresden in 2017 and 2018. The researchers aimed at shortening the growing period, increasing the productivity, efficiency, and finally the yield. First, the bulbs were produced in the open field (phase one) and later transferred to the growth chamber for flowering (phase two). Results included a shorter growing period known as forcing in the bulbfust pin-tray system as well as significantly yield increases in both hydroponic systems.
    Keywords Crocus sativus ; cosmetics ; growth chambers ; horticulture ; hydroponics ; medicine ; saffron ; Greece ; Iran ; Italy ; Morocco ; Spain
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0323
    Size p. 281-288.
    Publishing place International Society for Horticultural Science.
    Document type Article
    Note Paper presented at the XXX International Horticultural Congress IHC2018: II International Symposium on Soilless Culture and VIII International Symposium on Seed, Transplant and Stand Establishment of Horticultural Crops held August 12, 2018, Istanbul, Turkey
    ISSN 0567-7572
    DOI 10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1273.37
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  3. Article: Effect of drought stress on the productivity of ivy treated with Rhizobacterium Bacillus Subtilis

    Wolter, A / Schroeder, F.G

    Acta horticulturae. 2013 Aug., , no. 1004

    2013  

    Abstract: For the purpose of year-round benefits the use of evergreens in façade greenery is very attractive. Living walls, soilless façade greenery systems, aroused market interest mainly during the last five years. The living walls usually work as hydroponics, ... ...

    Abstract For the purpose of year-round benefits the use of evergreens in façade greenery is very attractive. Living walls, soilless façade greenery systems, aroused market interest mainly during the last five years. The living walls usually work as hydroponics, with a luxury providing of water. But there are a few reasons to limit the provided amount of water. Unlimited water access for the plant causes worse tolerance to cases of irrigation damage. Technical or human failure often induces drought stress. Regions of cold continental climate e.g., Central Europe require high winter hardiness. For those reasons a tolerant individual of evergreen plant is needed. Ivy, although being a Mediterranean species, is the best known evergreen climbing plant with adequate frost hardiness. Therefore, in the absence of other suitable plant species, it should be the aim, to harden ivy plants by promoting the plants' own adaptation strategies, so that they can withstand abiotic stress. This work examines the degree to which Hedera helix 'Woerner' can be influenced with regard to drought tolerance; H. helix 'Woerner' is considered to show particularly more hardiness than other cultivars. Several researchers (Dipmka et al., 2009; Bochow et al., 2001) viewed bacterially mediated plant tolerance to abiotic stress in different crops. Based on Bochow’s experience on Bacillus subtilis, this inoculant shall be tested in various concentrations to prove the hypothesis that it has a significant positive effect on the drought tolerance of H. helix 'Woerner'. It is suggested that there are reliable positive effects especially on root growth.
    Keywords Bacillus subtilis ; Hedera helix ; Rhizobium ; cold zones ; crops ; cultivars ; drought tolerance ; frost ; hydroponics ; irrigation ; researchers ; root growth ; water stress ; winter hardiness ; Central European region
    Language English
    Size p. 107-113.
    Publishing place International Society for Horticultural Science
    Document type Article
    Note Paper presented at the International Symposium on Soilless Cultivation, held May 22 - May 25, 2012, Shanghai, China.
    ISSN 0567-7572
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Ist Tsuga canadensis vom Aussterben bedroht?

    Schröder, F.G.

    Mitteilungen der Deutschen Dendrologischen Gesellschaft

    2008  

    Abstract: Ein neues dendrologisches Umweltproblem ist der Befall der Kanada-Tsuge (Tsuga canadensis (L.) CARR., engl. Eastern Hemlock) durch einen neu aufgetretenen Schädling asiatischer Herkunft, die Tsugen-Wolllaus. - Man muss befürchten, dass sich hier eine ... ...

    Abstract Ein neues dendrologisches Umweltproblem ist der Befall der Kanada-Tsuge (Tsuga canadensis (L.) CARR., engl. Eastern Hemlock) durch einen neu aufgetretenen Schädling asiatischer Herkunft, die Tsugen-Wolllaus. - Man muss befürchten, dass sich hier eine Umweltkatastrophe anbahnt von ähnlichem Ausmaße wie die Vernichtung der Kastanie (Castanea dentata (MARSH.) BURKH.) in der Zeit von 1920-1950. Dieser Bericht gibt nähere Informationen zum biogeographischen und ökologischen Hintergrund.
    Keywords Nordamerika ; Befall ; Waldbaum ; Adelges ; Schaedlingsbekaempfung ; Biogeographie ; Forstschutz ; Taxonomie ; Schadinsekt
    Language German
    Edition no. 93
    Document type Article
    ISBN 3-8001-8328-9
    ISSN 0070-3958
    Database ELFIS - Nutrition, agriculture and forestry information system

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  5. Article: The use of high-frequency electromagnetic radiation for an increased productivity of microalgae in closed systems - a concept

    Scharff, C / Schroeder, F.G / Arnold, W

    Acta horticulturae. 2013 Aug., , no. 1004

    2013  

    Abstract: The versatile use of biomass and specific products from microalgae make them attractive for several applications in industry and economy. However, a commercial use of advanced systems is limited by the efficiency of product yields, extraction of ... ...

    Abstract The versatile use of biomass and specific products from microalgae make them attractive for several applications in industry and economy. However, a commercial use of advanced systems is limited by the efficiency of product yields, extraction of sensitive products and high costs during processing. High expenses are caused by nutrients, energy-intensive cultivation (defined temperature and light regime) and preparation of the microalgae like drying and cracking of the cell wall. With these problems in mind, different researchers are working on methods to optimize the systems to make microalgae based applications economically usable. The focus of the presented concept is to enhance the biosynthesis of several metabolites as well as the growth rate by a high-frequency electromagnetic radiation treatment. At the same time the risk of contamination in the photobioreactors is reduced. We show, that high frequency electromagnetic fields can be used for small biological systems to stimulate various processes in the cells.
    Keywords biomass ; bioreactors ; biosynthesis ; cell walls ; closed loop systems ; cracking ; drying ; electromagnetic radiation ; industry ; metabolites ; microalgae ; nutrients ; photoperiod ; researchers ; risk ; temperature
    Language English
    Size p. 93-99.
    Publishing place International Society for Horticultural Science
    Document type Article
    Note Paper presented at the International Symposium on Soilless Cultivation, held May 22 - May 25, 2012, Shanghai, China.
    ISSN 0567-7572
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: Vertical hydroponics for urban areas

    Domurath, N / Schroeder, F.G

    Acta horticulturae. 2009 Oct., no. 843

    2009  

    Keywords hydroponics ; urban areas ; urban horticulture
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2009-10
    Size p. 249-254.
    Document type Article
    Note Paper presented at the International Symposium on Soilless Culture and Hydroponics, held August 25-28, 2008, Lima Peru.
    ISSN 0567-7572
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  7. Article: Use of compost made from livestock manure as an organic substrate for cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) grown in greenhouse

    Schroeder, F.G / Sell, H

    Acta horticulturae. 2009 Mar., no. 819

    2009  

    Keywords Cucumis sativus ; cucumbers ; composts ; greenhouse production ; animal manures ; growing media ; Germany
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2009-03
    Size p. 367-372.
    Document type Article
    Note Paper presented at the International Symposium on Growing Media 2007, held September 2-8, 2007, Nottingham, UK.
    ISSN 0567-7572
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  8. Article: Potentials of running a living wall

    Wolter, A / Wolter, S / Schroeder, F.-G

    Acta horticulturae. 2012 May, , no. 947

    2012  

    Abstract: Living Walls achieve increasing attention, since in situ and quick environmental improvements in the urban agglomeration seem to be just a matter of technique, money and policy. The key towards benefits from a Living Wall, such as the contribution to air ...

    Abstract Living Walls achieve increasing attention, since in situ and quick environmental improvements in the urban agglomeration seem to be just a matter of technique, money and policy. The key towards benefits from a Living Wall, such as the contribution to air quality, microclimate and alternate energy generation, lays in the plant productivity. A panel-system with Hedera helix 'Woerner' was analysed for its area and biomass production. Four modifications were considered: pilot plants have been installed for the expositions north and south and one half of each side was inoculated with Bacillus subtilis for stimulation. Samples of leaves were measured for Leaf Area to create a growth model. The potential of the surface of leaf stalks and sprouts needs to be considered as well and the area was calculated by applying innovative equations to the related lengths and widths. Estimating the Specific Green Area enables to formulate the total plant index, further called Green Area Index in this trial. Statistics showed no relevant differences between the analysed parameters, and Dry Matter. But the Specific Leaf and Sprout Area were significantly higher on exposition north. The total average Leaf Area Index was 6.9 and Green Area Index 8.0, so the whole area was about 15% increased.
    Keywords Bacillus subtilis ; Hedera helix ; air quality ; biomass production ; energy ; equations ; issues and policy ; leaf area index ; leaves ; microclimate ; models ; statistics
    Language English
    Size p. 157-164.
    Publishing place International Society for Horticultural Science
    Document type Article
    Note Paper presented at the Second International Symposium on Soilless Culture and Hydroponics, held May 15-19, 2011, Puebla, Mexico.
    ISSN 0567-7572
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  9. Article: Establishment of vegetation in sealed and high-frequented urban areas

    Brohm, D / Domurath, N / Schroder, F.G

    Acta horticulturae. 2012 Sept., , no. 9372

    2012  

    Abstract: The greening of façades in urban areas allows a vitalisation of large vertical surface areas without competing for ground area. But conventional façade greenery which uses the soil as root zone contains a couple of disadvantages. The suggestion, based on ...

    Abstract The greening of façades in urban areas allows a vitalisation of large vertical surface areas without competing for ground area. But conventional façade greenery which uses the soil as root zone contains a couple of disadvantages. The suggestion, based on a two year research project, is to use a hydroponic modular façade greening system that includes fertigation and control system. In big cities, traditional road side vegetation, e.g. grass stripes or flower beds usually are mostly impossible because of limited space and technical facilities beneath the street surface. Non-used and sealed traffic areas like traffic islands and traffic separation areas may be covered by movable beds or movable plant containers using novel materials. Two additional examples based on our experiences with complex plant systems should give an idea of possible greened mobile street furniture. The first one shows a construction similar to an awning, but with shady plants on it. A second example goes into the establishment of flexible spaces by using street furniture.
    Keywords cities ; fertigation ; flowers ; furniture ; plant containers ; rhizosphere ; roadside plants ; soil ; traffic ; urban areas ; vegetation
    Language English
    Size p. 1041-1047.
    Publishing place International Society for Horticultural Science
    Document type Article
    Note Paper presented at the International Symposium on Advances in Ornamentals, Landscape and Urban Horticulture, volume 2, Organized on the Occasion of the 28th International Horticultural Congress on Science and Horticulture for People, held August 22-27, 2010, Lisbon, Portugal.
    ISSN 0567-7572
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  10. Article: Light response curves of selected plants under different light conditions

    Domurath, N / Schroeder, F.G / Glatzel, S

    Acta horticulturae. 2012 Oct., , no. 956

    2012  

    Abstract: Photosynthesis rates under HPS light were measured on various plant species. Euphorbia pulcherrima, Plectranthus scutellarioides and Lactuca sativa were selected for more detailed experiments under natural light and artificial light provided by HPS lamps ...

    Abstract Photosynthesis rates under HPS light were measured on various plant species. Euphorbia pulcherrima, Plectranthus scutellarioides and Lactuca sativa were selected for more detailed experiments under natural light and artificial light provided by HPS lamps or LEDs under controlled environment conditions. Comparisons have been made between gas exchange characteristics including the light compensation point and the slope of light response curves under practical-relevant light intensities. Light compensation points under light qualities with input of red LEDs were between 13-15 µmol m-2 s-1 in all three model plants. Average photosynthetic rates at 100 and 200 µmol m-2 s-1 PPF red and blue/red LED light were above other calculated values for the other light qualities. The photosynthetic rates under blue/green/red LED light declined considerably less, than the purely energetic consideration would anticipate. Accordingly the green component in the spectrum contributed noteworthy to the photosynthetic performance of plants.
    Keywords Euphorbia pulcherrima ; Lactuca sativa ; Solenostemon scutellarioides ; gas exchange ; light intensity ; photosynthesis ; solar radiation
    Language English
    Size p. .
    Publishing place International Society for Horticultural Science
    Document type Article
    Note Paper presented at the Seventh International Symposium on Light in Horticultural Systems, held October 14-18, 2012, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
    ISSN 0567-7572
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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