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  1. AU="Schuchard, Karl G"
  2. AU="Lawton, Michael T."
  3. AU="Marazuela, Rosario"
  4. AU="Gandini, O"
  5. AU="Mahadevan, L"
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  1. Article: Multiphase CFD Modeling and Experimental Validation of Polymer and Attenuating Air Jet Interactions in Nonwoven Annular Melt Blowing

    Schuchard, Karl G. / Pawar, Advay / Anderson, Bruce / Pourdeyhimi, Behnam / Shirwaiker, Rohan A.

    Industrial & engineering chemistry process design and development. 2022 Sept. 06, v. 61, no. 37

    2022  

    Abstract: In annular melt blowing, fiber formation is achieved by accelerating a molten polymer via drag forces imparted by high velocity air that attenuates the polymer jet diameter. The interactions at the polymer–air interface, which govern the motion of the ... ...

    Abstract In annular melt blowing, fiber formation is achieved by accelerating a molten polymer via drag forces imparted by high velocity air that attenuates the polymer jet diameter. The interactions at the polymer–air interface, which govern the motion of the jets and impact the resulting fiber characteristics, are important but not well understood yet. This work details the development and validation of a multiphase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to investigate these interactions and the effects of three key melt blowing process parameters (polymer viscosity and throughput and air velocity) on two critical fiber attributes─whipping instability and fiber diameter. Simulation results highlighted that whipping instability was driven by the polymer–air velocity differential, and the fiber diameter was primarily modulated by polymer throughput and air velocity. The CFD model was validated by modulating the polymer and air throughputs and analyzing the fiber diameter experimentally. Empirical results showed good agreement between fabricated and model-estimated fiber diameters, especially at lower air velocities. An additional CFD simulation performed using a melt blowing nozzle geometry and process parameters described in the literature also confirmed good correlation between model estimates and literature empirical data.
    Keywords air ; fluid mechanics ; geometry ; models ; polymers ; process design ; viscosity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0906
    Size p. 13962-13971.
    Publishing place American Chemical Society
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1484436-9
    ISSN 1520-5045 ; 0888-5885
    ISSN (online) 1520-5045
    ISSN 0888-5885
    DOI 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01710
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: Multiphase CFD Modeling and Experimental Validation of Polymer and Attenuating Air Jet Interactions in Nonwoven Annular Melt Blowing.

    Schuchard, Karl G / Pawar, Advay / Anderson, Bruce / Pourdeyhimi, Behnam / Shirwaiker, Rohan A

    Industrial & engineering chemistry research

    2022  Volume 61, Issue 37, Page(s) 13962–13971

    Abstract: In annular melt blowing, fiber formation is achieved by accelerating a molten polymer via drag forces imparted by high velocity air that attenuates the polymer jet diameter. The interactions at the polymer-air interface, which govern the motion of the ... ...

    Abstract In annular melt blowing, fiber formation is achieved by accelerating a molten polymer via drag forces imparted by high velocity air that attenuates the polymer jet diameter. The interactions at the polymer-air interface, which govern the motion of the jets and impact the resulting fiber characteristics, are important but not well understood yet. This work details the development and validation of a multiphase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to investigate these interactions and the effects of three key melt blowing process parameters (polymer viscosity and throughput, and air velocity) on two critical fiber attributes - whipping instability and fiber diameter. Simulation results highlighted that whipping instability was driven by the polymer-air velocity differential, and the fiber diameter was primarily modulated by polymer throughput and air velocity. The CFD model was validated by modulating the polymer and air throughputs and analyzing the fiber diameter experimentally. Empirical results showed good agreement between fabricated and model-estimated fiber diameters, especially at lower air velocities. An additional CFD simulation performed using a melt blowing nozzle geometry and process parameters described in literature also confirmed good correlation between model estimates and literature empirical data.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1484436-9
    ISSN 1520-5045 ; 0888-5885
    ISSN (online) 1520-5045
    ISSN 0888-5885
    DOI 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01710
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Low-dose intrapulmonary drug delivery device for studies on next-generation therapeutics in mice

    Gracioso Martins, Ana Maria / Snider, Douglas B. / Popowski, Kristen D. / Schuchard, Karl G. / Tenorio, Matias / Akunuri, Sandip / Wee, Junghyun / Peters, Kara J. / Jansson, Anton / Shirwaiker, Rohan / Cheng, Ke / Freytes, Donald O. / Cruse, Glenn P.

    Journal of Controlled Release. 2023 July, v. 359 p.287-301

    2023  

    Abstract: Although nebulizers have been developed for delivery of small molecules in human patients, no tunable device has been purpose-built for targeted delivery of modern large molecule and temperature-sensitive therapeutics to mice. Mice are used most of all ... ...

    Abstract Although nebulizers have been developed for delivery of small molecules in human patients, no tunable device has been purpose-built for targeted delivery of modern large molecule and temperature-sensitive therapeutics to mice. Mice are used most of all species in biomedical research and have the highest number of induced models for human-relevant diseases and transgene models. Regulatory approval of large molecule therapeutics, including antibody therapies and modified RNA highlight the need for quantifiable dose delivery in mice to model human delivery, proof-of-concept studies, efficacy, and dose-response. To this end, we developed and characterized a tunable nebulization system composed of an ultrasonic transducer equipped with a mesh nebulizer fitted with a silicone restrictor plate modification to control the nebulization rate. We have identified the elements of design that influence the most critical factors to targeted delivery to the deep lungs of BALB/c mice. By comparing an in silico model of the mouse lung with experimental data, we were able to optimize and confirm the targeted delivery of over 99% of the initial volume to the deep portions of the mouse lung. The resulting nebulizer system provides targeted lung delivery efficiency far exceeding conventional nebulizers preventing waste of expensive biologics and large molecules during proof-of-concept and pre-clinical experiments involving mice. (Word Count =207).
    Keywords RNA ; antibodies ; atomization ; biomedical research ; computer simulation ; dose response ; drugs ; humans ; lungs ; mice ; models ; silicone ; therapeutics ; transgenes ; ultrasonics ; wastes ; Lung ; Delivery efficiency ; Controlled flow ; Mesh ; Mouse
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-07
    Size p. 287-301.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 632533-6
    ISSN 1873-4995 ; 0168-3659
    ISSN (online) 1873-4995
    ISSN 0168-3659
    DOI 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.05.039
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2055: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  4. Article ; Online: Low-dose intrapulmonary drug delivery device for studies on next-generation therapeutics in mice.

    Gracioso Martins, Ana Maria / Snider, Douglas B / Popowski, Kristen D / Schuchard, Karl G / Tenorio, Matias / Akunuri, Sandip / Wee, Junghyun / Peters, Kara J / Jansson, Anton / Shirwaiker, Rohan / Cheng, Ke / Freytes, Donald O / Cruse, Glenn P

    Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society

    2023  Volume 359, Page(s) 287–301

    Abstract: Although nebulizers have been developed for delivery of small molecules in human patients, no tunable device has been purpose-built for targeted delivery of modern large molecule and temperature-sensitive therapeutics to mice. Mice are used most of all ... ...

    Abstract Although nebulizers have been developed for delivery of small molecules in human patients, no tunable device has been purpose-built for targeted delivery of modern large molecule and temperature-sensitive therapeutics to mice. Mice are used most of all species in biomedical research and have the highest number of induced models for human-relevant diseases and transgene models. Regulatory approval of large molecule therapeutics, including antibody therapies and modified RNA highlight the need for quantifiable dose delivery in mice to model human delivery, proof-of-concept studies, efficacy, and dose-response. To this end, we developed and characterized a tunable nebulization system composed of an ultrasonic transducer equipped with a mesh nebulizer fitted with a silicone restrictor plate modification to control the nebulization rate. We have identified the elements of design that influence the most critical factors to targeted delivery to the deep lungs of BALB/c mice. By comparing an in silico model of the mouse lung with experimental data, we were able to optimize and confirm the targeted delivery of over 99% of the initial volume to the deep portions of the mouse lung. The resulting nebulizer system provides targeted lung delivery efficiency far exceeding conventional nebulizers preventing waste of expensive biologics and large molecules during proof-of-concept and pre-clinical experiments involving mice. (Word Count =207).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Aerosols ; Administration, Inhalation ; Nebulizers and Vaporizers ; Lung ; Drug Delivery Systems/methods ; Equipment Design
    Chemical Substances Aerosols
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-14
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632533-6
    ISSN 1873-4995 ; 0168-3659
    ISSN (online) 1873-4995
    ISSN 0168-3659
    DOI 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.05.039
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2055: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  5. Article ; Online: The evaluation of a multiphasic 3D-bioplotted scaffold seeded with adipose derived stem cells to repair osteochondral defects in a porcine model.

    Nordberg, Rachel C / Huebner, Pedro / Schuchard, Karl G / Mellor, Liliana F / Shirwaiker, Rohan A / Loboa, Elizabeth G / Spang, Jeffery T

    Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials

    2021  Volume 109, Issue 12, Page(s) 2246–2258

    Abstract: There is a need for the development of effective treatments for focal articular cartilage injuries. We previously developed a multiphasic 3D-bioplotted osteochondral scaffold design that can drive site-specific tissue formation when seeded with adipose- ... ...

    Abstract There is a need for the development of effective treatments for focal articular cartilage injuries. We previously developed a multiphasic 3D-bioplotted osteochondral scaffold design that can drive site-specific tissue formation when seeded with adipose-derived stem cells (ASC). The objective of this study was to evaluate this scaffold in a large animal model. Osteochondral defects were generated in the trochlear groove of Yucatan minipigs and repaired with scaffolds that either contained or lacked an electrospun tidemark and were either unseeded or seeded with ASC. Implants were monitored via computed tomography (CT) over the course of 4 months of in vivo implantation and compared to both open lesions and autologous explants. ICRS II evaluation indicated that defects with ASC-seeded scaffolds had healing that most closely resembled the aulogous explant. Scaffold-facilitated subchondral bone repair mimicked the structure of native bone tissue, but cartilage matrix staining was not apparent within the scaffold. The open lesions had the highest volumetric infill detected using CT analysis (p < 0.05), but the repair tissue was largely disorganized. The acellular scaffold without a tidemark had significantly more volumetric filling than either the acellular or ASC seeded groups containing a tidemark (p < 0.05), suggesting that the tidemark limited cell infiltration into the cartilage portion of the scaffold. Overall, scaffold groups repaired the defect more successfully than an open lesion but achieved limited repair in the cartilage region. With further optimization, this approach holds potential to treat focal cartilage lesions in a highly personalized manner using a human patient's own ASC cells.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cartilage, Articular/injuries ; Stem Cells ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; Tissue Engineering/methods ; Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2099992-6
    ISSN 1552-4981 ; 1552-4973 ; 0021-9304
    ISSN (online) 1552-4981
    ISSN 1552-4973 ; 0021-9304
    DOI 10.1002/jbm.b.34886
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6196: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: High-Throughput Manufacture of 3D Fiber Scaffolds for Regenerative Medicine.

    Shirwaiker, Rohan A / Fisher, Matthew B / Anderson, Bruce / Schuchard, Karl G / Warren, Paul B / Maze, Benoit / Grondin, Pierre / Ligler, Frances S / Pourdeyhimi, Behnam

    Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods

    2020  Volume 26, Issue 7, Page(s) 364–374

    Abstract: Engineered scaffolds used to regenerate mammalian tissues should recapitulate the underlying fibrous architecture of native tissue to achieve comparable function. Current fibrous scaffold fabrication processes, such as electrospinning and three- ... ...

    Abstract Engineered scaffolds used to regenerate mammalian tissues should recapitulate the underlying fibrous architecture of native tissue to achieve comparable function. Current fibrous scaffold fabrication processes, such as electrospinning and three-dimensional (3D) printing, possess application-specific advantages, but they are limited either by achievable fiber sizes and pore resolution, processing efficiency, or architectural control in three dimensions. As such, a gap exists in efficiently producing clinically relevant, anatomically sized scaffolds comprising fibers in the 1-100 μm range that are highly organized. This study introduces a new high-throughput, additive fibrous scaffold fabrication process, designated in this study as 3D melt blowing (3DMB). The 3DMB system described in this study is modified from larger nonwovens manufacturing machinery to accommodate the lower volume, high-cost polymers used for tissue engineering and implantable biomedical devices and has a fiber collection component that uses adaptable robotics to create scaffolds with predetermined geometries. The fundamental process principles, system design, and key parameters are described, and two examples of the capabilities to create scaffolds for biomedical engineering applications are demonstrated. Impact statement Three-dimensional melt blowing (3DMB) is a new, high-throughput, additive manufacturing process to produce scaffolds composed of highly organized fibers in the anatomically relevant 1-100 μm range. Unlike conventional melt-blowing systems, the 3DMB process is configured for efficient use with the relatively expensive polymers necessary for biomedical applications, decreasing the required amounts of material for processing while achieving high throughputs compared with 3D printing or electrospinning. The 3DMB is demonstrated to make scaffolds composed of multiple fiber materials and organized into complex shapes, including those typical of human body parts.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biocompatible Materials/chemistry ; Dogs ; Hernia/therapy ; Herniorrhaphy/methods ; Polymers/chemistry ; Printing, Three-Dimensional/instrumentation ; Regenerative Medicine ; Tissue Engineering/methods ; Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Biocompatible Materials ; Polymers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2420585-0
    ISSN 1937-3392 ; 1937-3384
    ISSN (online) 1937-3392
    ISSN 1937-3384
    DOI 10.1089/ten.TEC.2020.0098
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 5500/C: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
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