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Article ; Online: A new sensitive MRI marker for memory deficits in normal aging.

Schuff, Norbert

2010 Volume 74, Issue 3, Page(s) 188–189

MeSH term(s)	Aging/metabolism ; Aging/pathology ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Hippocampus/pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/standards ; Memory Disorders/metabolism ; Memory Disorders/pathology ; Predictive Value of Tests
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-01-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	207147-2
ISSN	1526-632X ; 0028-3878
ISSN (online)	1526-632X
ISSN	0028-3878
DOI	10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181cb3e78
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Article ; Online: Potential role of high-field MRI for studies in Parkinson's disease.

Schuff, Norbert

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society

2009 Volume 24 Suppl 2, Page(s) S684–90

Abstract: Recent advancements in high field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology (3 T and higher), providing increased signal sensitivity and images with more prominent contrasts intrinsic to the brain, offer new opportunities for assessing brain ... ...

Abstract	Recent advancements in high field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology (3 T and higher), providing increased signal sensitivity and images with more prominent contrasts intrinsic to the brain, offer new opportunities for assessing brain alterations in Parkinson's disease (PD). In this article, the principle benefits of high field MRI for PD research are described and new findings at high magnetic fields are reviewed. Several high field MRI methodologies, including structural MRI, imaging of brain iron, diffusion tensor imaging, arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging, rotating frame imaging, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy, are critically reviewed for their potential roles in studies of PD.
MeSH term(s)	Brain Chemistry ; Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Humans ; Iron/chemistry ; Iron/metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Parkinson Disease/pathology ; Parkinson Disease/physiopathology ; Spin Labels
Chemical Substances	Spin Labels ; Iron (E1UOL152H7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2009
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
ZDB-ID	607633-6
ISSN	1531-8257 ; 0885-3185
ISSN (online)	1531-8257
ISSN	0885-3185
DOI	10.1002/mds.22647
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Zs.A 2555: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Associations among amyloid status, age, and longitudinal regional brain atrophy in cognitively unimpaired older adults.

Nosheny, Rachel L / Insel, Philip S / Mattsson, Niklas / Tosun, Duygu / Buckley, Shannon / Truran, Diana / Schuff, N / Aisen, Paul S / Weiner, Michael W

Neurobiology of aging

2019 Volume 82, Page(s) 110–119

Abstract: The goal of this study was to compare regional brain atrophy patterns in cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults with and without brain accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) to elucidate contributions of Aβ, age, and other variables to atrophy rates. In 80 CU ... ...

Abstract	The goal of this study was to compare regional brain atrophy patterns in cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults with and without brain accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) to elucidate contributions of Aβ, age, and other variables to atrophy rates. In 80 CU participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, we determined effects of Aβ and age on longitudinal, regional atrophy rates, while accounting for confounding variables including sex, APOE ε4 genotype, white matter lesions, and cerebrospinal fluid total and phosphorylated tau levels. We not only found overlapping patterns of atrophy in Aβ+ versus Aβ- participants but also identified regions where atrophy pattern differed between the 2 groups. Higher Aβ load was associated with increased longitudinal atrophy in the entorhinal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus, even when accounting for age and other variables. Age was associated with atrophy in insula, fusiform gyrus, and isthmus cingulate, even when accounting for Aβ. We found age by Aβ interactions in the postcentral gyrus and lateral orbitofrontal cortex. These results elucidate the separate and related effects of age, Aβ, and other important variables on longitudinal brain atrophy rates in CU older adults.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Atrophy ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/metabolism ; Cognition/physiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnostic imaging ; Cognitive Dysfunction/metabolism ; Databases, Factual/trends ; Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	604505-4
ISSN	1558-1497 ; 0197-4580
ISSN (online)	1558-1497
ISSN	0197-4580
DOI	10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.07.005
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Zs.A 1685: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Imaging of mild cognitive impairment and early dementia.

Schuff, N / Zhu, X P

The British journal of radiology

2007 Volume 80 Spec No 2, Page(s) S109–14

Abstract: The concept of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been introduced to describe older individuals who cognitively lie between normal ageing and dementia. Nowadays, there is a particular interest in MCI because this syndrome is thought to be a transitional ...

Abstract	The concept of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been introduced to describe older individuals who cognitively lie between normal ageing and dementia. Nowadays, there is a particular interest in MCI because this syndrome is thought to be a transitional stage to Alzheimer's disease (AD) that may define a window for effective therapeutic interventions. However, not all patients with MCI will go on to develop AD. Imaging offers an extraordinary opportunity to study MCI. We will review key findings of brain imaging studies in MCI, including structural brain changes studied with MRI, white matter changes with diffusion tensor imaging and altered brain activity and blood flow studied with various imaging modalities, such as positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography and arterial spin labelling MRI, a non-invasive approach to measure cerebral blood flow. The strength and limitations of each modality for diagnosis of MCI, prediction of MCI outcome and assessment of drug efficacy will be discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain/pathology ; Brain Mapping/methods ; Cognition Disorders/diagnosis ; Cognition Disorders/diagnostic imaging ; Dementia/diagnosis ; Dementia/diagnostic imaging ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2982-8
ISSN	1748-880X ; 0007-1285
ISSN (online)	1748-880X
ISSN	0007-1285
DOI	10.1259/bjr/63830887
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Article ; Online: White matter alterations in cognitively normal apoE ε2 carriers: insight into Alzheimer resistance?

Chiang, G C / Zhan, W / Schuff, N / Weiner, M W

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology

2012 Volume 33, Issue 7, Page(s) 1392–1397

Abstract: Background and purpose: The basis for decreased vulnerability to AD among apoE ε2 carriers is unknown. The purpose of this study was to use diffusion tensor imaging to detect possible differences in white matter integrity between cognitively normal ... ...

Abstract	Background and purpose: The basis for decreased vulnerability to AD among apoE ε2 carriers is unknown. The purpose of this study was to use diffusion tensor imaging to detect possible differences in white matter integrity between cognitively normal elderly apoE ε2 carriers and apoE ε3/ε3 controls. Materials and methods: Thirty-nine cognitively normal elderly individuals (19 heterozygous carriers of the apoE ε2 allele, 20 apoE ε3/ε3 subjects as controls) underwent diffusion tensor MR imaging on a 4T scanner. Fractional anisotropy, MD, and axial and radial diffusivity were compared using a ROI approach. In addition, an exploratory whole-brain analysis of fractional anisotropy between the 2 groups was undertaken using TBSS. Results: apoE ε2 carriers had higher FA in the posterior cingulate white matter (P = .01) and anterior corpus callosum (P = .005) than apoE ε3/ε3 controls, secondary to lower radial diffusivity. No significant differences in the FA of the posterior corpus callosum, anterior cingulate white matter, or parahippocampal white matter were seen. Whole-brain TBSS analysis detected regions of higher FA in the apoE ε2 group in the superior longitudinal fasciculus, right thalamus, and the bilateral anterior limbs of the internal capsule, in addition to the posterior cingulum and corpus callosum (P < .005). There were no regions in which the apoE ε3/ε3 group had higher FA. Conclusions: apoE ε2 carriers harbor more robust white matter integrity that may be associated with decreased vulnerability to developing AD. This provides further evidence that regional DTI metrics may serve as early imaging biomarkers of AD risk.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/pathology ; Apolipoprotein E2/genetics ; Brain/pathology ; Brain/physiopathology ; Cognition Disorders/genetics ; Cognition Disorders/pathology ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods ; Disease Resistance/genetics ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Male ; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated/pathology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity
Chemical Substances	Apolipoprotein E2
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-03-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	603808-6
ISSN	1936-959X ; 0195-6108
ISSN (online)	1936-959X
ISSN	0195-6108
DOI	10.3174/ajnr.A2984
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Article ; Online: T2-based arterial spin labeling measurements of blood to tissue water transfer in human brain

Gregori, J. / Schuff, N. / Kern, R. / Günther, M.

2013

Abstract: S.332-342 ... Purpose: To investigate blood to tissue water transfer in human brain, in vivo and spatially resolved using a T2-based arterial spin labeling (ASL) method with 3D readout. Materials and Methods: A T2-ASL method is introduced to measure the ... ...

Abstract	S.332-342 Purpose: To investigate blood to tissue water transfer in human brain, in vivo and spatially resolved using a T2-based arterial spin labeling (ASL) method with 3D readout. Materials and Methods: A T2-ASL method is introduced to measure the water transfer processes between arterial blood and brain tissue based on a 3D-GRASE (gradient and spin echo) pulsed ASL sequence with multiecho readout. An analytical mathematical model is derived based on the General Kinetic Model, including blood and tissue compartment, T1 and T2 relaxation, and a blood-to-tissue transfer term. Data were collected from healthy volunteers on a 3 T system. The mean transfer time parameter T(ind bl --> ex) (blood to extravascular compartment transfer time) was derived voxelwise by nonlinear least-squares fitting. Results: Whole-brain maps of T(ind bl --> ex) show stable results in cortical regions, yielding different values depending on the brain region. The mean value across subjects and regions of interest (ROIs) in gray matter was 440 ± 30 msec. Conclusion: A novel method to derive whole-brain maps of blood to tissue water transfer dynamics is demonstrated. It is promising for the investigation of underlying physiological mechanisms and development of diagnostic applications in cerebrovascular diseases. 37 Nr.2
Keywords	616
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Discriminative Power of Arterial Spin Labeling Magnetic Resonance Imaging and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Changes for Amyloid-β-Positive Subjects in the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum.

Tosun, Duygu / Schuff, Norbert / Jagust, William / Weiner, Michael W

Neuro-degenerative diseases

2016 Volume 16, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 87–94

Abstract: Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) identify similar regional abnormalities and have comparable diagnostic accuracy ... ...

Abstract	Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) identify similar regional abnormalities and have comparable diagnostic accuracy in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The agreement between these modalities in the AD continuum, which is an important concept for early detection and disease monitoring, is yet unclear. Objective: We aimed to assess the ability of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) measures from ASL-MRI and cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (CMRgl) measures from FDG-PET to distinguish amyloid-β-positive (Aβ+) subjects in the AD continuum from healthy controls. Methods: The study included asymptomatic, cognitively normal (CN) controls and patients with early mild cognitive impairment (MCI), late MCI, and AD, all with significant levels of cortical Aβ based on their florbetapir PET scans to restrict the study to patients truly in the AD continuum. The discrimination power of each modality was based on the whole-brain patterns of CBF and CMRgl changes identified by partial least squares logistic regression, a multivariate analysis technique. Results: While CBF changes in the posterior inferior aspects of the brain and a pattern of CMRgl changes in the superior aspects of the brain including frontal and parietal regions best discriminated the Aβ+ subjects in the early disease stages from the Aβ- CN subjects, there was a greater agreement in the whole-brain patterns of CBF and CMRgl changes that best discriminated the Aβ+ subjects from the Aβ- CN subjects in the later disease stages. Despite the differences in the whole-brain patterns of CBF and CMRgl changes, the discriminative powers of both modalities were similar with statistically nonsignificant performance differences in sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: The results comparing measurements of CBF to CMRgl add to previous reports that MRI-measured CBF has a similar diagnostic ability to detect AD as has FDG-PET. Our findings that CBF and CMRgl changes occur in different brain regions in Aβ+ subjects across the AD continuum compared with Aβ- CN subjects may be the result of methodological differences. Alternatively, these findings may signal alterations in neurovascular coupling which alter relationships between brain perfusion and glucose metabolism in the AD continuum.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Alzheimer Disease/pathology ; Alzheimer Disease/physiopathology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/pathology ; Brain/physiopathology ; Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnostic imaging ; Cognitive Dysfunction/pathology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/physiopathology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Positron-Emission Tomography/methods ; ROC Curve ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Regional Blood Flow/physiology ; Severity of Illness Index
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (0Z5B2CJX4D) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2143569-8
ISSN	1660-2862 ; 1660-2854
ISSN (online)	1660-2862
ISSN	1660-2854
DOI	10.1159/000439257
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Article: Der Demenz auf der Spur. Das Verhältnis mancher Substanzen im Hirn ändert sich, wenn die Denkleistung abnimmmt, so Professor Norbert Schuff

Schuff, Norbert

Ärzte-Zeitung

2003 Volume 22, Issue 15, Page(s) 14

Language	German
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	604874-2
Database	Current Contents Medicine

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Article ; Online: Influence of selecting EPI readout-encoding bandwidths on arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI.

Jahng, Geon-Ho / Schuff, Norbert

Magma (New York, N.Y.)

2009 Volume 22, Issue 5, Page(s) 287–295

Abstract: Object: The objective of this study was to investigate effects of varying readout bandwidths on the arterial spin labeling (ASL)-perfusion MRI measurements at a high magnetic field MRI system.: Materials and methods: Brain perfusion studies were ... ...

Abstract	Object: The objective of this study was to investigate effects of varying readout bandwidths on the arterial spin labeling (ASL)-perfusion MRI measurements at a high magnetic field MRI system. Materials and methods: Brain perfusion studies were performed on nine volunteers (four males, five females) using flow sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) ASL single-shot echo-planar imaging (EPI)-MRI. To investigate EPI bandwidth effects on the time-series perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) data, two regions-of-interest (ROI) were placed outside the brain to determine the level of noise and another ROI inside the brain to determine the level of signal. Coefficients of variations (CoV) were calculated for the time-series PWI data. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to investigate voxel-wise differences in the time-series PWI data between two different bandwidth values. Results: At the level of ROI, there was no significant effect of changing EPI bandwidths on the time-series PWI data in any of the volunteers (P > 0.031). In contrast, CoV values over the dynamic PWI data varied with depending on selecting EPI bandwidths and voxel-based tests showed that N2 ghosting, modulated by EPI bandwidth, can appear in some brain regions, especially in areas that overlap with the spatial distribution of N2 ghosting artifacts. Conclusions: Although N2 ghosting can be reduced by adjusting the bandwidth of EPI on the time-series of PWI data, the effects cannot be entirely eliminated. In particular, N2 ghosting can bias CBF quantification if EPI control scans to determine the equilibrium-state signal are confounded by N2 ghosting. Therefore, careful tuning of the bandwidth of EPI is necessary to avoid artifacts in the ASL signal from N2-ghosting.
MeSH term(s)	Analysis of Variance ; Artifacts ; Brain/blood supply ; Brain/pathology ; Brain Mapping/methods ; Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology ; Echo-Planar Imaging/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Image Enhancement/methods ; Male ; Perfusion Imaging/methods ; Spin Labels
Chemical Substances	Spin Labels
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-07-04
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1160826-2
ISSN	1352-8661 ; 0968-5243
ISSN (online)	1352-8661
ISSN	0968-5243
DOI	10.1007/s10334-009-0174-2
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Article: Evaluation of treatment effects in Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases by MRI and MRS.

Mueller, S G / Schuff, N / Weiner, M W

NMR in biomedicine

2006 Volume 19, Issue 6, Page(s) 655–668

Abstract: Neurodegeneration refers to a large clinically and pathologically heterogeneous disease entity associated with slowly progressive neuronal loss in different anatomical and functional systems of the brain. Neurodegenerative diseases often affect cognition, ...

Abstract	Neurodegeneration refers to a large clinically and pathologically heterogeneous disease entity associated with slowly progressive neuronal loss in different anatomical and functional systems of the brain. Neurodegenerative diseases often affect cognition, e.g. Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies and vascular dementia, or different aspects of the motor system, e.g., amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and ataxic disorders. Owing to increasing knowledge about the mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration, the development of treatments able to modify the neurodegenerative process becomes possible for the first time. Currently, clinical outcome measures are used to assess the efficacy of such treatments. However, most clinical outcome measures have a low test-retest reliability and thus considerable measurement variance. Therefore, large patient populations and long observation times are needed to detect treatment effects. Furthermore, clinical outcome measures cannot distinguish between symptomatic and disease-modifying treatment effects. Therefore, alternative biomarkers including neuroimaging may take on a more important role in this process. Because MR scanners are widely available and allow for non-invasive detection and quantification of changes in brain structure and metabolism, there is increasing interest in the use of MRI/MRS to monitor objectively treatment effects in clinical trials of neurodegenerative diseases. Particularly volumetric MRI has been used to measure atrophy rates in treatment trials of AD because the relationship between atrophic changes and neuron loss is well established and correlates well with clinical measures. More research is needed to determine the value of other MR modalities, i.e. diffusion, perfusion and functional MRI and MR spectroscopy, for clinical trials with neuroprotective drugs.
MeSH term(s)	Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis ; Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/diagnosis ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/drug therapy ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dementia, Vascular/diagnosis ; Dementia, Vascular/drug therapy ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/diagnosis ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/drug therapy ; Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use ; Parkinson Disease/diagnosis ; Parkinson Disease/drug therapy ; Positron-Emission Tomography/methods ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon/methods ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Neuroprotective Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-08-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1000976-0
ISSN	1099-1492 ; 0952-3480
ISSN (online)	1099-1492
ISSN	0952-3480
DOI	10.1002/nbm.1062
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