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Article ; Online: Different cellular and molecular responses of Bovine milk phagocytes to persistent and transient strains of Streptococcus uberis causing mastitis.

Srithanasuwan, Anyaphat / Schukken, Ynte H / Pangprasit, Noppason / Chuammitri, Phongsakorn / Suriyasathaporn, Witaya

2024 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) e0295547

Abstract: Streptococcus uberis is frequently isolated from milk collected from dairy cows with mastitis. According to the host's immunity, bacterial virulence, and their interaction, infection with some strains can induce persistent subclinical inflammation, while ...

Abstract	Streptococcus uberis is frequently isolated from milk collected from dairy cows with mastitis. According to the host's immunity, bacterial virulence, and their interaction, infection with some strains can induce persistent subclinical inflammation, while infection with others induces severe inflammation and transient mastitis. This study compared the inflammatory response of milk-isolated white blood cells (mWBCs) to persistent and transient S. uberis strains. Quarter milk samples were collected aseptically for bacterial culture from all lactating cows once a week over a 10-week period. A transient and noncapsular strain with a 1-week intramammary infection duration was selected from this herd, while a persistent and capsular S. uberis strain with an intramammary infection longer than 2 months from our previous study was selected based on an identical pulse field gel electrophoresis pattern during the IMI episode. Cellular and molecular responses of mWBCs were tested, and the data were analyzed using repeated analysis of variance. The results showed a higher response in migration, reactive oxygen species generation, and bacterial killing when cells were stimulated with transient S. uberis. In contrast, the persistent strain led to increased neutrophil extracellular trap release. This study also highlighted several important molecular aspects of mWBCs. Gene expression analyses by real-time RT-PCR revealed a significant elevation in the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR-1, TLR-2, TLR-6) and proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha or TNF-α) with the transient strain. Additionally, Streptococcus uberis capsule formation might contribute to the capability of these strains to induce different immune responses. Altogether, these results focus on the immune function of activated mWBCs which demonstrate that a transient strain can elicit a stronger local immune response and, subsequently, lead to rapid recovery from mastitis.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Female ; Cattle ; Humans ; Milk/metabolism ; Streptococcal Infections/microbiology ; Lactation ; Mastitis, Bovine/microbiology ; Phagocytes ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Streptococcus
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0295547
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book ; Online: Inauguratie Ynte Schukken

Schukken, Ynte

2017

Abstract: Dierziektes zijn bijna onuitroeibaar. Steeds weten de ziektekiemen het immuunsysteem van de dieren te omzeilen of ze houden zich schuil in de omgeving of de stal. In zijn inaugurele rede op 11 mei aan Wageningen University & Research gaat buitengewoon ... ...

Abstract	Dierziektes zijn bijna onuitroeibaar. Steeds weten de ziektekiemen het immuunsysteem van de dieren te omzeilen of ze houden zich schuil in de omgeving of de stal. In zijn inaugurele rede op 11 mei aan Wageningen University & Research gaat buitengewoon hoogleraar prof. Ynte Schukken in op de manier waarop we ziekteverwekkende bacteriën en virussen vóór kunnen zijn.
Keywords	Life Science
Language	Dutch
Publisher	Wageningen University & Research
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effects of pathogen-specific clinical mastitis occurrence in the first 100 days of lactation 1 on future mastitis occurrence in Holstein dairy cows: An observational study.

Hertl, Julia A / Schukken, Ynte H / Tauer, Loren W / Welcome, Francis L / Gröhn, Yrjö T

JDS communications

2023 Volume 4, Issue 4, Page(s) 288–292

Abstract: The objective of this observational study was to estimate effects of clinical mastitis (CM) cases caused by different pathogens ( ...

Abstract	The objective of this observational study was to estimate effects of clinical mastitis (CM) cases caused by different pathogens (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2666-9102
ISSN (online)	2666-9102
DOI	10.3168/jdsc.2022-0354
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Article: Predicting Positive ELISA Results in Dairy Herds with a Preferred Status in a Paratuberculosis Control Program.

Weber, Maarten F / Aalberts, Marian / Dijkstra, Thomas / Schukken, Ynte H

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2022 Volume 12, Issue 3

Abstract: Dairy herds participating in the Dutch milk quality assurance program for paratuberculosis are assigned a herd status on the basis of herd examinations by ELISA of individual serum or milk samples, followed by an optional confirmatory fecal PCR. Test- ... ...

Abstract	Dairy herds participating in the Dutch milk quality assurance program for paratuberculosis are assigned a herd status on the basis of herd examinations by ELISA of individual serum or milk samples, followed by an optional confirmatory fecal PCR. Test-negative herds are assigned Status A; the surveillance of these herds consists of biennial herd examinations. Farmers falsely believing that their Status A herds are Map-free may inadvertently refrain from preventive measures. Therefore, we aimed to develop a predictive model to alert Status A farmers at increased risk of future positive ELISA results. Using data of 8566 dairy herds with Status A in January 2016, two logistic regression models were built, with the probabilities of ≥1 or ≥2 positive samples from January 2017-June 2019 as dependent variables, and province, soil type, herd size, proportion of cattle born elsewhere, time since previous positive ELISA results, and the 95th percentile of the S/P ratios in 2015-2016, as explanatory variables. As internal validation, both models were applied to predict positive ELISA results from January 2019-June 2021, in 8026 herds with Status A in January 2019. The model predicting ≥1 positive sample had an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.77). At a cut-off predicted probability π
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani12030384
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Article ; Online: Association of pathogen-specific clinical mastitis in the first 100 days of first lactation with productive lifetime: An observational study comparing competing risks models for death and sale with the Cox model.

Hertl, Julia A / Schukken, Ynte H / Tauer, Loren W / Welcome, Francis L / Gröhn, Yrjö T

Preventive veterinary medicine

2023 Volume 213, Page(s) 105879

Abstract: The objective of this observational study was to study the association between clinical mastitis (CM) (Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., cases with other treated or other not treated ... ...

Abstract	The objective of this observational study was to study the association between clinical mastitis (CM) (Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., cases with other treated or other not treated organisms, CM without growth) occurring in a dairy cow's first 100 days (d) of her first lactation and her total productive lifetime, ending in death or sale (for slaughter). Data were collected from 24,831 cows in 5 New York Holstein herds from 2004 to 2014. Two analytical approaches were compared. First, removals (death, sale) were treated as competing events in separate survival analyses, in proportional subdistribution hazards models. In one, death was coded as the event of interest and sale as the competing event; in another, sale was the event of interest and death the competing event. Second, traditional survival analysis (Cox proportional hazards) was conducted. In all models, the time variable was number of days from date of first calving until event (death or sale) date; if the cow was alive at study end, she was censored. Models were stratified by herd. Ten percent of cows died; 48.4 % were sold. In the competing risks analysis, E. coli and CM without growth were associated with death; the former with an increased hazard rate of death, the latter with a lower one. Streptococcus spp., Staph. aureus, Klebsiella spp., cases with other treated or untreated organisms, and CM without growth were associated with higher hazard rates of sale. The Cox proportional hazards model's hazard rates were higher than those in the competing risks model in which death was the event of interest, and resembled those in the model in which sale was the event of interest. Four additional Cox models, omitting dead or sold cows, or censoring each, were also fitted; hazard ratios were similar to the above models. Proportional subdistribution hazards models were appropriate due to competing risks (death, sale); they produce less-biased estimates. A study limitation is that while proportional subdistribution hazards models were appropriate, they have the illogical feature of keeping subjects at risk for the event of interest even after experiencing the competing event. This is, however, necessary in estimating cumulative incidence functions. Another limitation concerns pathogen variability among study farms, implying that CM decisions are farm-specific. Misclassification of 'dead' vs. 'sold' cows was also possible. Nevertheless, the findings may help in optimizing management of cows contracting specific types of CM early in productive lifetime.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cattle ; Female ; Cattle Diseases/epidemiology ; Dairying ; Escherichia coli ; Lactation ; Mastitis, Bovine/epidemiology ; Milk ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcus
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-18
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study, Veterinary
ZDB-ID	43399-8
ISSN	1873-1716 ; 0167-5877
ISSN (online)	1873-1716
ISSN	0167-5877
DOI	10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105879
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Article ; Online: Increase in white blood cell counts by pegbovigrastim in primiparous and multiparous grazing dairy cows and the interaction with prepartum body condition score and non-esterified fatty acids concentration.

Barca, Joaquín / Schukken, Ynte H / Meikle, Ana

PloS one

2021 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) e0245149

Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine if parity affected the effect of pegbovigrastim (PEG) treatment on white blood cell (WBC) counts in grazing dairy cows. Additionally, the association of prepartum body condition score (BCS) and non-esterified ... ...

Abstract	The objective of this study was to determine if parity affected the effect of pegbovigrastim (PEG) treatment on white blood cell (WBC) counts in grazing dairy cows. Additionally, the association of prepartum body condition score (BCS) and non-esterified fatty acid (Pre-NEFA) concentration with WBC counts was investigated. The effect of early-lactation disease was included in the statistical analysis. A randomized controlled trial on four commercial grazing dairy farms was performed. Holstein primiparous (Control = 87, PEG = 89) and multiparous (Control = 181, PEG = 184) cows were randomly assigned to one of two treatments: first PEG dose 8 ± 5 (mean ± SD) days before the expected calving date and a second dose within 24 h after calving (PEG) compared to untreated controls (Control). Treatment effects were evaluated with mixed linear regression models. Treatment with PEG increased WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts at 6 ± 1 (mean ± SD) days in milk. Parity, BCS and their interactions with treatment were not associated with WBC counts. In control cows, Pre-NEFA concentration was associated with reduced WBC, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts and tended to be associated with reduced monocyte counts. Pegbovigrastim treatment reversed the negative association of Pre-NEFA concentration with neutrophil and monocyte counts and tended to reverse the negative association of Pre-NEFA concentration with WBC counts. In the PEG treated group, cows diagnosed with retained placenta or metritis showed lower neutrophil counts when compared to PEG treated cows without these clinical diseases. These data confirm that PEG treatment increases WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts in grazing dairy cows and that this effect is independent of parity. Pegbovigrastim treatment reversed the negative association of Pre-NEFA concentration with neutrophil and monocyte counts, and tended to reverse the negative association of Pre-NEFA concentration with WBC counts.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/drug therapy ; Cattle Diseases/metabolism ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/metabolism ; Female ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology ; Lactation ; Leukocyte Count ; Milk/metabolism ; Parity ; Placenta, Retained/drug therapy ; Placenta, Retained/metabolism ; Placenta, Retained/veterinary ; Pregnancy ; Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ; Recombinant Proteins ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (143011-72-7) ; pegbovigrastim (87M3B1263R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0245149
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Article ; Online: Different cellular and molecular responses of Bovine milk phagocytes to persistent and transient strains of Streptococcus uberis causing mastitis

Srithanasuwan, Anyaphat / Schukken, Ynte H. / Pangprasit, Noppason / Chuammitri, Phongsakorn / Suriyasathaporn, Witaya

PLoS ONE

2024 Volume 19, Issue 1 January

Abstract: Streptococcus uberis is frequently isolated from milk collected from dairy cows with mastitis. According to the host’s immunity, bacterial virulence, and their interaction, infection with some strains can induce persistent subclinical inflammation, while ...

Abstract	Streptococcus uberis is frequently isolated from milk collected from dairy cows with mastitis. According to the host’s immunity, bacterial virulence, and their interaction, infection with some strains can induce persistent subclinical inflammation, while infection with others induces severe inflammation and transient mastitis. This study compared the inflammatory response of milk-isolated white blood cells (mWBCs) to persistent and transient S. uberis strains. Quarter milk samples were collected aseptically for bacterial culture from all lactating cows once a week over a 10-week period. A transient and noncapsular strain with a 1-week intramammary infection duration was selected from this herd, while a persistent and capsular S. uberis strain with an intramammary infection longer than 2 months from our previous study was selected based on an identical pulse field gel electrophoresis pattern during the IMI episode. Cellular and molecular responses of mWBCs were tested, and the data were analyzed using repeated analysis of variance. The results showed a higher response in migration, reactive oxygen species generation, and bacterial killing when cells were stimulated with transient S. uberis. In contrast, the persistent strain led to increased neutrophil extracellular trap release. This study also highlighted several important molecular aspects of mWBCs. Gene expression analyses by real-time RT-PCR revealed a significant elevation in the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR-1, TLR-2, TLR-6) and proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha or TNF-α) with the transient strain. Additionally, Streptococcus uberis capsule formation might contribute to the capability of these strains to induce different immune responses. Altogether, these results focus on the immune function of activated mWBCs which demonstrate that a transient strain can elicit a stronger local immune response and, subsequently, lead to rapid recovery from mastitis.
Keywords	Life Science
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Farm animal health

Schukken, Ynte H.

progress, problems and perspectives

2017

Keywords	animal health ; animal production ; animal welfare ; cattle ; dairy cattle ; pigs ; dierenwelzijn ; diergezondheid ; dierlijke productie ; melkvee ; rundvee ; varkens
Language	English
Publisher	Wageningen University & Research
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Fifteen years of milk quality assurance for paratuberculosis in Dutch dairy herds

Weber, Maarten F. / Aalberts, Marian / Dijkstra, Thomas / Schukken, Ynte H.

Bulletin of the International Dairy Federation 2023-June (2023) 523 ; ISSN: 0259-8434

results indicate decreasing infection pressure

2023

Abstract: In 2006, a milk quality assurance programme (MQAP) for paratuberculosis in Dutch dairy herds was initiated to reduce the concentration of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in bulk milk. The aim of this paper is to present results achieved ...

Abstract	In 2006, a milk quality assurance programme (MQAP) for paratuberculosis in Dutch dairy herds was initiated to reduce the concentration of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in bulk milk. The aim of this paper is to present results achieved in a 15-year period (2006-2020) in the first cohort of 718 dairy herds that entered the programme in 2006 and 2007. During the 15-year period the proportion of participating herds with the preferred herd status (status A) increased to 80%. Moreover, a decreasing apparent prevalence and an increasing age at onset of test-positivity were observed. These observations are indicative of a reduced transmission of MAP after long-lasting participation in the MQAP. The results of this study indicate that the MQAP positively contributes to the control of MAP in the Dutch dairy herds.
Keywords	Life Science
Language	English
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Effect of pegbovigrastim on fertility and culling in grazing dairy cows and its association with prepartum nonesterified fatty acids

Barca, Joaquín / Meikle, Ana / Bouman, Mette / Schukken, Ynte H.

American Dairy Science Association Journal of dairy science. 2022 Jan., v. 105, no. 1

2022

Abstract: This randomized controlled trial on 4 commercial grazing dairy farms investigated whether treatment with pegbovigrastim (PEG) affected fertility and culling as measured during the full lactation. We also explored the effect of potential interactions of ... ...

Abstract	This randomized controlled trial on 4 commercial grazing dairy farms investigated whether treatment with pegbovigrastim (PEG) affected fertility and culling as measured during the full lactation. We also explored the effect of potential interactions of PEG treatment with parity, prepartum body condition score, prepartum nonesterified fatty acid concentration (pre-NEFA), and early-lactation clinical disease on these outcomes. Holstein cows were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 trial arms: a first PEG dose approximately 7 d before the expected calving date and a second dose within 24 h after calving (PEG: primiparous = 342; multiparous = 697) compared with untreated controls (control: primiparous = 391; multiparous = 723). Cox's proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze rate of first insemination, rate of pregnancy [within 150 and 305 d in milk (DIM)], and hazard of culling. Additional analyses were performed on data that were stratified by parity group and pre-NEFA class (low ≤0.3; high >0.3 mM). In high pre-NEFA cows, PEG treatment increased the rate of first insemination [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.15]. Early-lactation clinical mastitis (CM) and uterine disease (UD: retained placenta, metritis, or both) were associated with a reduced rate of pregnancy within 150 DIM (HR = 0.49 and 0.78, respectively). Pegbovigrastim treatment in high pre-NEFA cows with CM and UD increased the rate of pregnancy within 150 DIM (HR = 1.75 and 1.46, respectively). In high pre-NEFA cows, PEG treatment resulted in a lower hazard of culling (HR = 0.79). No treatment effect was detected in low pre-NEFA cows. This study shows that the effect of PEG treatment on fertility and culling interacts with pre-NEFA. In high pre-NEFA cows, PEG treatment increased the rate of first insemination, counteracted the negative association of early-lactation CM and UD with the rate of pregnancy, and decreased the hazard of culling.
Keywords	Holstein ; body condition ; early lactation ; endometritis ; fatty acid composition ; free fatty acids ; hazard ratio ; insemination ; milk ; pregnancy ; retained placenta
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-01
Size	p. 710-725.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	242499-x
ISSN	1525-3198 ; 0022-0302
ISSN (online)	1525-3198
ISSN	0022-0302
DOI	10.3168/jds.2021-20785
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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