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  1. Book ; Online: Assessing adverse health effects of long-term exposure to low levels of ambient air pollution: implementation of causal inference methods

    Dominici, Francesca / Zanobetti, Antonella / Schwartz, Joel / Braun, Danielle / Sabath, Ben / Wu, Xiao

    includes a commentary by the institute's low-exposure epidemiology studies review panel

    (Research report / Health Effects Institute ; 211)

    2022  

    Author's details Francesca Dominici, Antonella Zanobetti, Joel Schwartz, Danielle Braun, Ben Sabath, Xiao Wu
    Series title Research report / Health Effects Institute ; 211
    Collection
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 79 Seiten), Illustrationen, Karten
    Publisher Health Effects Institut
    Publishing place Boston, Mass
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT021262166
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: The updated WHO air quality guidelines are a big step forward but not a complete solution.

    Wei, Yaguang / Schwartz, Joel

    BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

    2024  Volume 384, Page(s) q542

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; World Health Organization
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1362901-3
    ISSN 1756-1833 ; 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
    ISSN (online) 1756-1833
    ISSN 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
    DOI 10.1136/bmj.q542
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: A better cost:benefit analysis yields better and fairer results: EPA's lead and copper rule revision.

    Levin, Ronnie / Schwartz, Joel

    Environmental research

    2023  Volume 229, Page(s) 115738

    Abstract: When conducted on a societal level, cost-benefit analysis (CBA) can indicate policies that best allocate scarce public resources. Done incompletely, CBA can produce spurious, biased results. To estimate the potential health benefits of EPA's recent Lead ... ...

    Abstract When conducted on a societal level, cost-benefit analysis (CBA) can indicate policies that best allocate scarce public resources. Done incompletely, CBA can produce spurious, biased results. To estimate the potential health benefits of EPA's recent Lead and Copper Drinking Water Rule Revision (LCRR), we used EPA's exposure, compliance, and effect coefficient estimates to monetize 16 of the health endpoints EPA has determined are causally related to lead exposure. In addition, we monetized one health endpoint that EPA has used elsewhere: preterm birth. We estimated that the total annual health benefits of the LCRR greatly exceed EPA's estimated annual costs: $9 billion vs $335 million (2016$). Our benefit estimates greatly exceed EPA's benefit estimates. There are also nonhealth benefits because lead generally contaminates drinking water through the corrosion of plumbing components that contain lead. The LCRR therefore has 2 components: reducing how corrosive the water is and limited replacement of lead pipes. Reducing corrosion damage to drinking water and wastewater infrastructure and residential appliances that use water yields significant annualized material benefits also: $2-8 billion (2016$). Effectively, the health benefits are free. Finally, while actual exposure data are limited, the available data on lead-contaminated drinking water exhibits known risk patterns, disproportionately burdening low-income and minority populations and women. This economic analysis demonstrates that to maximize national benefits and improve equity, the LCRR should be as rigorous as possible.
    MeSH term(s) Infant, Newborn ; Female ; Humans ; Drinking Water ; Copper ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Lead ; Premature Birth
    Chemical Substances Drinking Water ; Copper (789U1901C5) ; Lead (2P299V784P)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-18
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 205699-9
    ISSN 1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
    ISSN (online) 1096-0953
    ISSN 0013-9351
    DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115738
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  4. Article ; Online: A better cost:benefit analysis yields better and fairer results: EPA’s lead and copper rule revision

    Levin, Ronnie / Schwartz, Joel

    Environmental Research. 2023 Apr. 18, p.115738-

    2023  , Page(s) 115738–

    Abstract: When conducted on a societal level, cost-benefit analysis (CBA) can indicate policies that best allocate scarce public resources. Done incompletely, CBA can produce spurious, biased results. To estimate the potential health benefits of EPA's recent Lead ... ...

    Abstract When conducted on a societal level, cost-benefit analysis (CBA) can indicate policies that best allocate scarce public resources. Done incompletely, CBA can produce spurious, biased results. To estimate the potential health benefits of EPA's recent Lead and Copper Drinking Water Rule Revision (LCRR), we used EPA's exposure, compliance, and effect coefficient estimates to monetize 16 of the health endpoints EPA has determined are causally related to lead exposure. In addition, we monetized one health endpoint that EPA has used elsewhere: preterm birth. We estimated that the total annual health benefits of the LCRR greatly exceed EPA's estimated annual costs: $9 billion vs $335 million (2016$). Our benefit estimates greatly exceed EPA's benefit estimates. There are also nonhealth benefits because lead generally contaminates drinking water through the corrosion of plumbing components that contain lead. The LCRR therefore has 2 components: reducing how corrosive the water is and limited replacement of lead pipes. Reducing corrosion damage to drinking water and wastewater infrastructure and residential appliances that use water yields significant annualized material benefits also: $2–8 billion (2016$). Effectively, the health benefits are free. Finally, while actual exposure data are limited, the available data on lead-contaminated drinking water exhibits known risk patterns, disproportionately burdening low-income and minority populations and women. This economic analysis demonstrates that to maximize national benefits and improve equity, the LCRR should be as rigorous as possible.
    Keywords compliance ; corrosion ; cost benefit analysis ; infrastructure ; lead ; premature birth ; research ; risk ; wastewater ; Lead exposure ; Lead and copper rule ; Drinking water ; Benefit methods ; Monetized health endpoints
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0418
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 205699-9
    ISSN 1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
    ISSN (online) 1096-0953
    ISSN 0013-9351
    DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115738
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: "Transparency" as Mask? The EPA's Proposed Rule on Scientific Data.

    Schwartz, Joel

    The New England journal of medicine

    2018  Volume 379, Issue 16, Page(s) 1496–1497

    MeSH term(s) Data Anonymization/legislation & jurisprudence ; Datasets as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence ; Environmental Policy/legislation & jurisprudence ; Environmental Pollutants/standards ; Government Regulation ; Humans ; Information Dissemination/legislation & jurisprudence ; Personally Identifiable Information/legislation & jurisprudence ; Publications/legislation & jurisprudence ; Science/legislation & jurisprudence ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency
    Chemical Substances Environmental Pollutants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMp1807751
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  6. Article ; Online: Correction: Modification of the PM

    Castro, Edgar / Liu, Abbie / Wei, Yaguang / Kosheleva, Anna / Schwartz, Joel

    Environmental health : a global access science source

    2024  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 34

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2092232-2
    ISSN 1476-069X ; 1476-069X
    ISSN (online) 1476-069X
    ISSN 1476-069X
    DOI 10.1186/s12940-024-01072-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Modification of the PM

    Castro, Edgar / Liu, Abbie / Wei, Yaguang / Kosheleva, Anna / Schwartz, Joel

    Environmental health : a global access science source

    2024  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 16

    Abstract: Background: Redlining has been associated with worse health outcomes and various environmental disparities, separately, but little is known of the interaction between these two factors, if any. We aimed to estimate whether living in a historically- ... ...

    Abstract Background: Redlining has been associated with worse health outcomes and various environmental disparities, separately, but little is known of the interaction between these two factors, if any. We aimed to estimate whether living in a historically-redlined area modifies the effects of exposures to ambient PM
    Methods: We merged 8,884,733 adult mortality records from thirteen state departments of public health with scanned and georeferenced Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps from the University of Richmond, daily average PM
    Results: We found significant statistical interactions between living in a redlined area and exposures to both ambient PM
    Conclusions: Living in areas that were historically-redlined in the 1930's increases the effects of exposures to both PM
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adult ; Cross-Over Studies ; Extreme Heat/adverse effects ; Particulate Matter/adverse effects ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; Air Pollutants/adverse effects ; Air Pollutants/analysis
    Chemical Substances Particulate Matter ; Air Pollutants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2092232-2
    ISSN 1476-069X ; 1476-069X
    ISSN (online) 1476-069X
    ISSN 1476-069X
    DOI 10.1186/s12940-024-01055-5
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  8. Article ; Online: Science, Politics, and Health: The Environmental Protection Agency at the Threshold.

    Schwartz, Joel

    Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)

    2017  Volume 28, Issue 3, Page(s) 316–319

    MeSH term(s) Environmental Health ; Humans ; Politics ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1053263-8
    ISSN 1531-5487 ; 1044-3983
    ISSN (online) 1531-5487
    ISSN 1044-3983
    DOI 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000624
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Science, Politics, and Health: EPA at the threshold.

    Schwartz, Joel

    Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)

    2017  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1053263-8
    ISSN 1531-5487 ; 1044-3983
    ISSN (online) 1531-5487
    ISSN 1044-3983
    DOI 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000624
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  10. Article ; Online: Air Pollution and Mortality in the Medicare Population-Reply.

    Schwartz, Joel D

    JAMA

    2018  Volume 319, Issue 20, Page(s) 2135–2136

    MeSH term(s) Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Humans ; Medicare ; Mortality ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; United States
    Chemical Substances Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018--22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2958-0
    ISSN 1538-3598 ; 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    ISSN (online) 1538-3598
    ISSN 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    DOI 10.1001/jama.2018.3943
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