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  1. Article: Lack of Frank Agrammatism in the Nonfluent Agrammatic Variant of Primary Progressive Aphasia.

    Graham, Naida L / Leonard, Carol / Tang-Wai, David F / Black, Sandra / Chow, Tiffany W / Scott, Chris J M / McNeely, Alicia A / Masellis, Mario / Rochon, Elizabeth

    Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders extra

    2016  Volume 6, Issue 3, Page(s) 407–423

    Abstract: Background/aims: Frank agrammatism, defined as the omission and/or substitution of grammatical morphemes with associated grammatical errors, is variably reported in patients with nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia (nfPPA). This study ... ...

    Abstract Background/aims: Frank agrammatism, defined as the omission and/or substitution of grammatical morphemes with associated grammatical errors, is variably reported in patients with nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia (nfPPA). This study addressed whether frank agrammatism is typical in agrammatic nfPPA patients when this feature is not required for diagnosis.
    Method: We assessed grammatical production in 9 patients who satisfied current diagnostic criteria. Although the focus was agrammatism, motor speech skills were also evaluated to determine whether dysfluency arose primarily from apraxia of speech (AOS), instead of, or in addition to, agrammatism. Volumetric MRI analyses provided impartial imaging-supported diagnosis.
    Results: The majority of cases exhibited neither frank agrammatism nor AOS.
    Conclusion: There are nfPPA patients with imaging-supported diagnosis and preserved motor speech skills who do not exhibit frank agrammatism, and this may persist beyond the earliest stages of the illness. Because absence of frank agrammatism is a subsidiary diagnostic feature in the logopenic variant of PPA, this result has implications for differentiation of the nonfluent and logopenic variants, and indicates that PPA patients with nonfluent speech in the absence of frank agrammatism or AOS do not necessarily have the logopenic variant.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-09-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2621464-7
    ISSN 1664-5464
    ISSN 1664-5464
    DOI 10.1159/000448944
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Lack of Frank Agrammatism in the Nonfluent Agrammatic Variant of Primary Progressive Aphasia

    Graham, Naida L. / Leonard, Carol / Tang-Wai, David F. / Black, Sandra / Chow, Tiffany W. / Scott, Chris J.M. / McNeely, Alicia A. / Masellis, Mario / Rochon, Elizabeth

    Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra

    2016  Volume 6, Issue 3, Page(s) 407–423

    Abstract: Background/Aims: Frank agrammatism, defined as the omission and/or substitution of grammatical morphemes with associated grammatical errors, is variably reported in patients with nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia (nfPPA). This study addressed ...

    Institution Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ont Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont University Health Network Memory Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto L.C. Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Rotman Research Institute, and Department of Psychiatry (Geriatric Psychiatry), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada
    Abstract Background/Aims: Frank agrammatism, defined as the omission and/or substitution of grammatical morphemes with associated grammatical errors, is variably reported in patients with nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia (nfPPA). This study addressed whether frank agrammatism is typical in agrammatic nfPPA patients when this feature is not required for diagnosis. Method: We assessed grammatical production in 9 patients who satisfied current diagnostic criteria. Although the focus was agrammatism, motor speech skills were also evaluated to determine whether dysfluency arose primarily from apraxia of speech (AOS), instead of, or in addition to, agrammatism. Volumetric MRI analyses provided impartial imaging-supported diagnosis. Results: The majority of cases exhibited neither frank agrammatism nor AOS. Conclusion: There are nfPPA patients with imaging-supported diagnosis and preserved motor speech skills who do not exhibit frank agrammatism, and this may persist beyond the earliest stages of the illness. Because absence of frank agrammatism is a subsidiary diagnostic feature in the logopenic variant of PPA, this result has implications for differentiation of the nonfluent and logopenic variants, and indicates that PPA patients with nonfluent speech in the absence of frank agrammatism or AOS do not necessarily have the logopenic variant.
    Keywords Diagnostic criteria ; Frontotemporal dementia ; Apraxia of speech ; Differential diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-09-23
    Publisher S. Karger AG
    Publishing place Basel, Switzerland
    Document type Article
    Note Original Research Article ; This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND).
    ZDB-ID 2621464-7
    ISSN 1664-5464 ; 1664-5464
    ISSN (online) 1664-5464
    ISSN 1664-5464
    DOI 10.1159/000448944
    Database Karger publisher's database

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  3. Article ; Online: Apathy is not associated with basal ganglia atrophy in frontotemporal dementia.

    Links, Kira A / Chow, Tiffany W / Binns, Malcolm / Freedman, Morris / Stuss, Donald T / Scott, Chris J M / Ramirez, Joel / Black, Sandra E

    The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry

    2009  Volume 17, Issue 9, Page(s) 819–821

    Abstract: Objective: To determine whether basal ganglia atrophy, known to be associated with apathy in nondementia populations, was associated with presence of apathy in patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD).: Methods: A cross-sectional case study was ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To determine whether basal ganglia atrophy, known to be associated with apathy in nondementia populations, was associated with presence of apathy in patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD).
    Methods: A cross-sectional case study was conducted at two tertiary dementia care clinics in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Striatal and thalamic gray matter volumes and apathy measures were collected from 21 subjects with FTD, 6 of whom did not show apathy on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory.
    Results: No significant differences in gray matter volumes were found between apathetic and nonapathetic groups for the striatum or the thalamus.
    Conclusions: Our findings imply that the etiology of apathy seen in patients with FTD differs from that of patients with apathy after acquired injuries to the basal ganglia. Further study is needed to determine whether posterior thalamic atrophy correlates with apathy in FTD or functional imaging techniques might successfully find a relationship between basal ganglia dysfunction and apathy.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Atrophy/pathology ; Atrophy/physiopathology ; Basal Ganglia/pathology ; Basal Ganglia/physiopathology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dementia/pathology ; Dementia/physiopathology ; Dementia/psychology ; Depression/etiology ; Depression/pathology ; Depression/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Ontario ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-08-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1278145-9
    ISSN 1545-7214 ; 1064-7481
    ISSN (online) 1545-7214
    ISSN 1064-7481
    DOI 10.1097/JGP.0b013e3181b047ff
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Overlap in frontotemporal atrophy between normal aging and patients with frontotemporal dementias.

    Chow, Tiffany W / Binns, Malcolm A / Freedman, Morris / Stuss, Donald T / Ramirez, Joel / Scott, Chris J M / Black, Sandra

    Alzheimer disease and associated disorders

    2008  Volume 22, Issue 4, Page(s) 327–335

    Abstract: Normal aging leads to frontocortical atrophy. The degree to which this complicates the use of frontotemporal atrophy as a diagnostic criterion for the frontotemporal dementias (FTDs) has not been reported. The present case-control study compared ... ...

    Abstract Normal aging leads to frontocortical atrophy. The degree to which this complicates the use of frontotemporal atrophy as a diagnostic criterion for the frontotemporal dementias (FTDs) has not been reported. The present case-control study compared frontotemporal volumes delineated with semi-automatic brain region extraction [n=30 controls vs. 16 behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD) vs. 14 primary progressive aphasia]. Logistic regression identified those regions least helpful for distinguishing bvFTD and primary progressive aphasia from controls. Linear regression tested the correlation of duration of illness to atrophy severity. The control group showed high variance in volumes. Controls had right frontal lobe volumes that overlapped considerably with bvFTD volumes, but, as anticipated, the left anterior temporal volumes of interest showed 91% accuracy in distinguishing the aphasic subgroup from controls. Left-sided and not right-sided atrophy in the medial middle frontal region distinguished the bvFTD group from controls. The relegation of structural imaging to a supportive criterion for diagnosis is reasonable in the context of the range of atrophy due to normal aging. While volumetry identified left-sided atrophy as useful for identifying FTD cases, future studies should determine whether clinicians could make these distinctions on viewing routine diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging scans.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging/pathology ; Atrophy/etiology ; Atrophy/pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Dementia/pathology ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/pathology ; Humans ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; ROC Curve
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1002700-2
    ISSN 1546-4156 ; 0893-0341
    ISSN (online) 1546-4156
    ISSN 0893-0341
    DOI 10.1097/WAD.0b013e31818026c4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Magnetic resonance imaging in frontotemporal dementia shows subcortical atrophy.

    Chow, Tiffany W / Izenberg, Aaron / Binns, Malcolm A / Freedman, Morris / Stuss, Donald T / Scott, Chris J M / Ramirez, Joel / Black, Sandra E

    Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders

    2008  Volume 26, Issue 1, Page(s) 79–88

    Abstract: Background/aims: The clinical syndrome of the frontotemporal dementias (FTD) overlaps with frontal-subcortical circuit syndromes. We explored the extent to which subcortical atrophy on structural magnetic resonance imaging may indicate a subcortical ... ...

    Abstract Background/aims: The clinical syndrome of the frontotemporal dementias (FTD) overlaps with frontal-subcortical circuit syndromes. We explored the extent to which subcortical atrophy on structural magnetic resonance imaging may indicate a subcortical contribution to the progression of FTD.
    Methods: This cross-sectional case-control study compared striatal and thalamic gray matter volumes and functional levels from 30 FTD cases and 30 age- and gender-matched controls.
    Results: The FTD group had significantly more atrophy in all gray matter subcortical regions, correlating with ipsilateral frontocortical atrophy. Subcortical atrophy was also associated with functional disability. Subcortical asymmetry was most marked in subjects with primary progressive aphasia.
    Conclusion: Subcortical gray matter atrophy may contribute as significantly to symptoms of FTD as cortical atrophy.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Atrophy ; Basal Ganglia/pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dementia/pathology ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thalamus/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1026007-9
    ISSN 1421-9824 ; 1013-7424
    ISSN (online) 1421-9824
    ISSN 1013-7424
    DOI 10.1159/000144028
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Frontotemporal Dementia Shows Subcortical Atrophy

    Chow, Tiffany W. / Izenberg, Aaron / Binns, Malcolm A. / Freedman, Morris / Stuss, Donald T. / Scott, Chris J.M. / Ramirez, Joel / Black, Sandra E.

    Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders

    2008  Volume 26, Issue 1, Page(s) 79–88

    Abstract: Background/Aims: The clinical syndrome of the frontotemporal dementias (FTD) overlaps with frontal-subcortical circuit syndromes. We explored the extent to which subcortical atrophy on structural magnetic resonance imaging may indicate a subcortical ... ...

    Institution Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology Department of Psychiatry, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry Department of Psychology Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto Baycrest Division of Neurology and Rotman Research Institute, and Division of Neurology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada
    Abstract Background/Aims: The clinical syndrome of the frontotemporal dementias (FTD) overlaps with frontal-subcortical circuit syndromes. We explored the extent to which subcortical atrophy on structural magnetic resonance imaging may indicate a subcortical contribution to the progression of FTD. Methods: This cross-sectional case-control study compared striatal and thalamic gray matter volumes and functional levels from 30 FTD cases and 30 age- and gender-matched controls. Results: The FTD group had significantly more atrophy in all gray matter subcortical regions, correlating with ipsilateral frontocortical atrophy. Subcortical atrophy was also associated with functional disability. Subcortical asymmetry was most marked in subjects with primary progressive aphasia. Conclusion: Subcortical gray matter atrophy may contribute as significantly to symptoms of FTD as cortical atrophy.
    Keywords Basal ganglia ; Frontotemporal dementia ; Frontotemporal lobar degeneration ; Thalamus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-07-10
    Publisher S. Karger AG
    Publishing place Basel, Switzerland
    Document type Article
    Note Original Research Article
    ZDB-ID 1026007-9
    ISSN 1421-9824 ; 1420-8008 ; 1013-7424
    ISSN (online) 1421-9824
    ISSN 1420-8008 ; 1013-7424
    DOI 10.1159/000144028
    Database Karger publisher's database

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