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Article ; Online: The Microcystis-microbiome interactions: origins of the colonial lifestyle.

Piccini, Claudia / Martínez de la Escalera, Gabriela / Segura, Angel M / Croci, Carolina / Kruk, Carla

2024 Volume 100, Issue 4

Abstract: Species of the Microcystis genus are the most common bloom-forming toxic cyanobacteria worldwide. They belong to a clade of unicellular cyanobacteria whose ability to reach high biomasses during blooms is linked to the formation of colonies. Colonial ... ...

Abstract	Species of the Microcystis genus are the most common bloom-forming toxic cyanobacteria worldwide. They belong to a clade of unicellular cyanobacteria whose ability to reach high biomasses during blooms is linked to the formation of colonies. Colonial lifestyle provides several advantages under stressing conditions of light intensity, ultraviolet light, toxic substances and grazing. The progression from a single-celled organism to multicellularity in Microcystis has usually been interpreted as individual phenotypic responses of the cyanobacterial cells to the environment. Here, we synthesize current knowledge about Microcystis colonial lifestyle and its role in the organism ecology. We then briefly review the available information on Microcystis microbiome and propose that changes leading from single cells to colonies are the consequence of specific and tightly regulated signals between the cyanobacterium and its microbiome through a biofilm-like mechanism. The resulting colony is a multi-specific community of interdependent microorganisms.
MeSH term(s)	Microcystis/genetics ; Cyanobacteria ; Biomass ; Ecology ; Microbiota
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	283722-5
ISSN	1574-6941 ; 0168-6496
ISSN (online)	1574-6941
ISSN	0168-6496
DOI	10.1093/femsec/fiae035
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Article ; Online: Effect of hydrological modification on the potential toxicity of Microcystis aeruginosa complex in Salto Grande reservoir, Uruguay.

Martínez de la Escalera, Gabriela / Kruk, Carla / Segura, Angel M / Piccini, Claudia

Harmful algae

2023 Volume 123, Page(s) 102403

Abstract: It is widely known that the environmental conditions caused by the construction of reservoirs favor the proliferation of toxic cyanobacteria and the formation of blooms due to the high residence time of the water, low turbidity, temperature regimes, ... ...

Abstract	It is widely known that the environmental conditions caused by the construction of reservoirs favor the proliferation of toxic cyanobacteria and the formation of blooms due to the high residence time of the water, low turbidity, temperature regimes, among others. Microcystin-producing cyanobacteria such as those from the Microcystis aeruginosa complex (MAC) are the most frequently found organisms in reservoirs worldwide, being the role of the environment on microcystin production poorly understood. Here, we addressed the community dynamics and potential toxicity of MAC cyanobacteria in a subtropical reservoir (Salto Grande) located in the low Uruguay river. Samples were taken from five different sites (upstream, inside the reservoir and downstream) during contrasting seasons (summer and winter) to analyze: (i) the MAC community structure by amplicon sequencing of the phycocyanin gene spacer, (ii) the genotype diversity of microcystin-producing MAC by high resolution melting analysis of the mcyJ gene, and (iii) the abundance and mcy transcription activity of the microcystin-producing (toxic) fraction. We found that MAC diversity decreased from summer to winter but, despite the observed changes in MAC community structure, the abundance of toxic organisms and the transcription of mcy genes were always higher inside the reservoir, regardless of the season. Two different genotypes of toxic MAC were detected inside the reservoir, one associated with low water temperature (15 °C) and one thriving at high water temperature (31 °C). These findings indicate that the environmental conditions inside the reservoir reduce community diversity while promoting the proliferation of toxic genotypes that actively transcribe mcy genes, whose relative abundance will depend on the water temperature.
MeSH term(s)	Microcystis/genetics ; Microcystins/analysis ; Uruguay ; Cyanobacteria ; Water
Chemical Substances	Microcystins ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-10
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2091119-1
ISSN	1878-1470 ; 1568-9883
ISSN (online)	1878-1470
ISSN	1568-9883
DOI	10.1016/j.hal.2023.102403
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Article ; Online: Lotka-Volterra model with Allee effect: equilibria, coexistence and size scaling of maximum and minimum abundance.

Cammarota, Denise / Monteiro, Noemi Zeraick / Menezes, Rafael / Fort, Hugo / Segura, Angel M

Journal of mathematical biology

2023 Volume 87, Issue 6, Page(s) 82

Abstract: The Lotka-Volterra competition model (LVCM) is a fundamental tool for ecology, widely used to represent complex communities. The Allee effect (AE) is a phenomenon in which there is a positive correlation between population density and fitness, at low ... ...

Abstract	The Lotka-Volterra competition model (LVCM) is a fundamental tool for ecology, widely used to represent complex communities. The Allee effect (AE) is a phenomenon in which there is a positive correlation between population density and fitness, at low population densities. However, the interplay between the LVCM and AE has been seldom analyzed in multispecies models. Here, we analyze the mathematical properties of the LVCM [Formula: see text] AE, investigating the coexistence of species interacting through neutral diffuse competition, their equilibria and stable points. Minimum viable population density arises as the threshold below which species go extinct, characteristic of strong Allee effects. Then, by imposing relationships of main parameters to body size, i.e. allometric scaling, we derive a general solution to the size-scaling maximum and minimum expected density under plausible scenarios. The scaling of maximum population density is consistent with the literature, but we also provide novel predictions on the scaling of the lower limit to population density, a critical value for conservation science. The resulting framework is general and yields results that increase our current understanding of how complex demographic processes can be linked to ubiquitous ecological patterns.
MeSH term(s)	Body Size ; Population Density
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-06
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	187101-8
ISSN	1432-1416 ; 0303-6812
ISSN (online)	1432-1416
ISSN	0303-6812
DOI	10.1007/s00285-023-02012-5
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Article ; Online: Local protection bubbles

Jose Paulo Guedes Pinto / Patrícia Camargo Magalhães / Gerusa Maria Figueiredo / Domingos Alves / Diana Maritza Segura Angel

Cadernos de Saúde Pública, Vol 39, Iss

an interpretation of the slowdown in the spread of coronavirus in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, in July 2020

2023 Volume 11

Abstract: Abstract: After four months of fighting the pandemic, the city of São Paulo, Brazil, entered a phase of relaxed social distancing measures in July 2020. Simultaneously, there was a decline in the social distancing rate and a reduction in the number of ... ...

Abstract	Abstract: After four months of fighting the pandemic, the city of São Paulo, Brazil, entered a phase of relaxed social distancing measures in July 2020. Simultaneously, there was a decline in the social distancing rate and a reduction in the number of cases, fatalities, and hospital bed occupancy. To understand the pandemic dynamics in the city of São Paulo, we developed a multi-agent simulation model. Surprisingly, the counter-intuitive results of the model followed the city’s reality. We argue that this phenomenon could be attributed to local bubbles of protection that emerged in the absence of contagion networks. These bubbles reduced the transmission rate of the virus, causing short and temporary reductions in the epidemic curve - but manifested as an unstable equilibrium. Our hypothesis aligns with the virus spread dynamics observed thus far, without the need for ad hoc assumptions regarding the natural thresholds of collective immunity or the heterogeneity of the population’s transmission rate, which may lead to erroneous predictions. Our model was designed to be user-friendly and does not require any scientific or programming expertise to generate outcomes on virus transmission in a given location. Furthermore, as an input to start our simulation model, we developed the COVID-19 Protection Index as an alternative to the Human Development Index, which measures a given territory vulnerability to the coronavirus and includes characteristics of the health system and socioeconomic development, as well as the infrastructure of the city of São Paulo.
Keywords	Social Distancing ; COVID-19 ; Virus Shedding ; Medicine ; R ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Rise of toxic cyanobacterial blooms is promoted by agricultural intensification in the basin of a large subtropical river of South America

Kruk, Carla / Segura, Angel / Piñeiro, Gervasio / Baldassini, Pablo / Pérez‐Becoña, Laura / García‐Rodríguez, Felipe / Perera, Gonzalo / Piccini, Claudia

Global Change Biology. 2023 Apr., v. 29, no. 7 p.1774-1790

2023

Abstract: Toxic cyanobacterial blooms are globally increasing with negative effects on aquatic ecosystems, water use and human health. Blooms' main driving forces are eutrophication, dam construction, urban waste, replacement of natural vegetation with croplands ... ...

Abstract	Toxic cyanobacterial blooms are globally increasing with negative effects on aquatic ecosystems, water use and human health. Blooms' main driving forces are eutrophication, dam construction, urban waste, replacement of natural vegetation with croplands and climate change and variability. The relative effects of each driver have not still been properly addressed, particularly in large river basins. Here, we performed a historical analysis of cyanobacterial abundance in a large and important ecosystem of South America (Uruguay river, ca 1900 km long, 365,000 km² basin). We evaluated the interannual relationships between cyanobacterial abundance and land use change, river flow, urban sewage, temperature and precipitation from 1963 to the present. Our results indicated an exponential increase in cyanobacterial abundance during the last two decades, congruent with an increase in phosphorus concentration. A sharp shift in the cyanobacterial abundance rate of increase after the year 2000 was identified, resulting in abundance levels above public health alert since 2010. Path analyses showed a strong positive correlation between cyanobacteria and cropland area at the entire catchment level, while precipitation, temperature and water flow effects were negligible. Present results help to identify high nutrient input agricultural practices and nutrient enrichment as the main factors driving toxic bloom formation. These practices are already exerting severe effects on both aquatic ecosystems and human health and projections suggest these trends will be intensified in the future. To avoid further water degradation and health risk for future generations, a large‐scale (transboundary) change in agricultural management towards agroecological practices will be required.
Keywords	agricultural management ; agroecology ; basins ; climate change ; cropland ; ecosystems ; eutrophication ; human health ; intensive farming ; land use change ; phosphorus ; public health ; risk ; river flow ; rivers ; sewage ; temperature ; toxicity ; vegetation ; watersheds ; South America ; Uruguay River
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-04
Size	p. 1774-1790.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1281439-8
ISSN	1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
ISSN (online)	1365-2486
ISSN	1354-1013
DOI	10.1111/gcb.16587
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Native pollinators increase fruit set while honeybees decrease the quality of mandarins in family farms

Marcos, Monasterolo / Chacoff Natacha, P. / Segura Ángel, D. / Analía, Benavidez / Pablo, Schliserman

Basic and applied ecology. 2022 July 25,

2022

Abstract: Family farms can benefit from the presence of a diverse set of native pollinators and associated pollination services. In the present study we assessed the effect of flower visitor richness and visitation rate by honeybees and native insects on mandarin ... ...

Abstract	Family farms can benefit from the presence of a diverse set of native pollinators and associated pollination services. In the present study we assessed the effect of flower visitor richness and visitation rate by honeybees and native insects on mandarin production (Citrus reticulata `Criolla´), in ten citrus family farms located in the Dry Chaco region of northwest Argentina. An exclusion experiment was conducted to explore how pollinators influence the fruit set and quality of `Criolla´ mandarin. The influence of features such as local richness and abundance of flowering plants, farm size, and surrounding natural/semi-natural habitats in the diversity of flower visitors was also evaluated. Fruit set in open pollination branches was three times higher than in bagged branches, where flower visitors were excluded. Moreover, the mandarin fruit set increased with a higher native visitation rate, and mandarin quality (fruit weight and size) decreased with a higher honeybee visitation rate. Flower visitor diversity was higher in farmlands with a greater proportion of surrounding natural and semi-natural habitats. Our results demonstrate the negative effects of excessive honeybee visitation on citrus fruit quality and highlight the importance of native pollinators and natural habitat conservation to increase the fruit set and quality of mandarin in family farms.
Keywords	Citrus reticulata ; applied ecology ; farm size ; flowers ; fruit quality ; fruit set ; fruit weight ; habitat conservation ; honey bees ; open pollination ; pollinators ; Argentina ; El Gran Chaco
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0725
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	2026806-3
ISSN	1439-1791
ISSN	1439-1791
DOI	10.1016/j.baae.2022.07.008
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Spatio-temporal dynamics of the fish community associated with artisanal fisheries activities within a key marine protected area of the Southwest Atlantic (Uruguay)

Vögler, Rodolfo / González, Clara / Segura, Angel M

Ocean & coastal management. 2020 June 01, v. 190

2020

Abstract: Exploitation of fish species within marine protected areas (MPA) requires knowledge about fish and fleets dynamics in order to provide reasonable management actions. Our study analyzes a multi-specific artisanal fishery (<10 TGR) operating from La Paloma ...

Abstract	Exploitation of fish species within marine protected areas (MPA) requires knowledge about fish and fleets dynamics in order to provide reasonable management actions. Our study analyzes a multi-specific artisanal fishery (<10 TGR) operating from La Paloma port (Uruguay, South America) within the MPA of the Rocha Lagoon Protected Landscape (MPA-RLPL) through the temporal assessment (September 2005 to January 2010) of daily catch composition, fishing gear, and fish community dynamics. Seventeen vessels operated inside and outside the MPA-RLPL and they reached 202,773 kg of total catch within that MPA. This amount represents 9.1% of landings registered in La Paloma port during the study period (5 years). Following the seasonal dynamics of catch composition and fishing gears it was revealed a differential use of this coastal protected area by the artisanal fisheries and the fish community. Higher catches of Squatina guggenheim, Mustelus schmitti, Galeorhinus galeus, Urophycis brasiliensis, Paralichtys orbignyanus, and Cynoscion guatucupa occurred from spring-summer, whereas in fall-winter, the higher catches were composed of Micropogonias furnieri (adults and juveniles), Umbrina canosai, Pomatomus saltatrix, and Parona signata. A multiclass classification tree (CART) method confirmed the strong relationship between the catch composition, fishing gear, and time of fishing (month, season); this method successfully classified the dominant catches in 72% of the sets (error = 18%, n = 294). Squatina guggenheim (a threatened coastal shark), and Micropogonias furnieri (a overexploited bony fish) were the dominant catch in most fishing sets. At the present there are no specific measures to regulate fishery activities inside the MPA of the RLPL. Thus, our study results were used to propose an adaptive strategy to management small-scale fisheries within MPAs in balance with natural resources conservation. The key role of the MPA-RLPL in conservation ecology was revealed through a comparative analysis with larger areas distributed in the jurisdictional waters of Uruguay or under binational management with Argentina.
Keywords	Cynoscion guatucupa ; Micropogonias furnieri ; Mustelus ; Parona signata ; Pomatomus saltatrix ; Squatina ; Umbrina ; Urophycis brasiliensis ; adults ; aquacultural and fisheries equipment ; artisanal fishing ; autumn ; catch composition ; coastal zone management ; fish communities ; juveniles ; landscapes ; marine protected areas ; sharks ; threatened species ; traditional technology ; Argentina ; Uruguay
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0601
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ISSN	0964-5691
DOI	10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105175
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: A multiagent coronavirus model with territorial vulnerability parameters

Magalhaes, P. / Pinto, J. P. G. / Segura-Angel, D. M.

Abstract: We developed a simple and user-friendly simulator called MD Corona that is based on a multiagent model and describes the transmission dynamics of coronavirus for a given location considering three setting parameters: population density, social-isolation ... ...

Abstract	We developed a simple and user-friendly simulator called MD Corona that is based on a multiagent model and describes the transmission dynamics of coronavirus for a given location considering three setting parameters: population density, social-isolation rate, and effective transmission probability. The latter is represented by the Corona Protection Index (CPI) - a measurement of a given territory's vulnerability to the coronavirus that includes characteristics of the health system and socio-economic development, as well as infrastructure. The dynamic model also relies on other real epidemiological parameters. The model is calibrated by using immunity surveys and provides accurate predictions and indications of the different dynamic mechanisms. Our simulation studies clearly demonstrate the existence of multiple epidemic curves in the same city due to different vulnerabilities to the virus across regions. And it elucidates the phenomenon of the epidemic slowing despite a reduction in social-distancing policies, understood as a consequence of ''local protection bubbles''. The simulator can be used for scientific outreach purposes, bringing science closer to the general public in order to raise awareness and increase engagement about the effectiveness of social distancing in reducing the transmissibility of the virus, but also to support effective actions to mitigate the spread of the virus.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	MedRxiv; WHO
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2020.10.25.20218735
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: A multiagent coronavirus model with territorial vulnerability parameters

Magalhaes, Patricia / Pinto, Jose Paulo Guedes / Segura-Angel, Diana Maritza

medRxiv

Abstract	We developed a simple and user-friendly simulator called MD Corona that is based on a multiagent model and describes the transmission dynamics of coronavirus for a given location considering three setting parameters: population density, social-isolation rate, and effective transmission probability. The latter is represented by the Corona Protection Index (CPI) - a measurement of a given territory′s vulnerability to the coronavirus that includes characteristics of the health system and socio-economic development, as well as infrastructure. The dynamic model also relies on other real epidemiological parameters. The model is calibrated by using immunity surveys and provides accurate predictions and indications of the different dynamic mechanisms. Our simulation studies clearly demonstrate the existence of multiple epidemic curves in the same city due to different vulnerabilities to the virus across regions. And it elucidates the phenomenon of the epidemic slowing despite a reduction in social-distancing policies, understood as a consequence of ″local protection bubbles″. The simulator can be used for scientific outreach purposes, bringing science closer to the general public in order to raise awareness and increase engagement about the effectiveness of social distancing in reducing the transmissibility of the virus, but also to support effective actions to mitigate the spread of the virus.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-28
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2020.10.25.20218735
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Rise of toxic cyanobacterial blooms is promoted by agricultural intensification in the basin of a large subtropical river of South America.

Kruk, Carla / Segura, Angel / Piñeiro, Gervasio / Baldassini, Pablo / Pérez-Becoña, Laura / García-Rodríguez, Felipe / Perera, Gonzalo / Piccini, Claudia

Global change biology

2023 Volume 29, Issue 7, Page(s) 1774–1790

Abstract	Toxic cyanobacterial blooms are globally increasing with negative effects on aquatic ecosystems, water use and human health. Blooms' main driving forces are eutrophication, dam construction, urban waste, replacement of natural vegetation with croplands and climate change and variability. The relative effects of each driver have not still been properly addressed, particularly in large river basins. Here, we performed a historical analysis of cyanobacterial abundance in a large and important ecosystem of South America (Uruguay river, ca 1900 km long, 365,000 km
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Rivers ; Ecosystem ; Cyanobacteria ; South America ; Eutrophication ; Water ; Lakes
Chemical Substances	Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1281439-8
ISSN	1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
ISSN (online)	1365-2486
ISSN	1354-1013
DOI	10.1111/gcb.16587
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