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Article ; Online: Prevalence of Transmitted Drug Resistance among HIV-1 Patients in the Aegean Region: Results from the Western Part of Turkey.

Sertoz, Ruchan / Tekin, Duygu / Erensoy, Selda / Biceroglu, Servet / Kaptan, Figen / Köse, Sukran / Ozkan, Hulya / Cetin, Banu / Türken, Melda / Gokengin, Deniz

Current HIV research

2023 Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) 109–116

Abstract: Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the antiretroviral drug resistance in antiretroviral treatment-naïve HIV-positive patients in the Aegean Region of Turkey from 2012 to 2019.: Methods: The study included 814 plasma samples from treatment-naïve ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the antiretroviral drug resistance in antiretroviral treatment-naïve HIV-positive patients in the Aegean Region of Turkey from 2012 to 2019. Methods: The study included 814 plasma samples from treatment-naïve HIV-positive patients. Drug resistance analysis was performed by Sanger sequencing (SS) between 2012-2017 and by next-generation sequencing sequencing (NGS) between 2018-2019. SS was used to analyze resistance mutations in the protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) gene regions using a ViroSeq HIV-1 Genotyping System. PCR products were analyzed with an ABI3500 GeneticAnalyzer (Applied Biosystems). The sequencing of the HIV genome in the PR, RT, and integrase gene regions was carried out using MiSeq NGS technology. Drug resistance mutations and subtypes were interpreted using the Stanford University HIV-1 drug resistance database. Results: Transmitted drug resistance (TDR) mutation was detected in 34/814 (4.1 %) samples. Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), and protease inhibitor (PI) mutations were identified in 1.4 % (n =12), 2.4 % (n =20), and 0.3 % (n = 3) of samples, respectively. The most common subtypes were B (53.1 %), A (10.9%), CRF29_BF (10.6%), and B + CRF02_AG (8,2%). The most common TDR mutations were E138A (3.4%), T215 revertants (1.7%), M41L (1.5%), and K103N (1.1%). Conclusion: Transmitted drug resistance rate in the Aegean Region is compatible with national and regional data. Routine surveillance of resistance mutations may guide the safe and correct selection of initial drug combinations for antiretroviral therapy. The identification of HIV-1 subtypes and recombinant forms in Turkey may contribute to international molecular epidemiological data.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; HIV-1/genetics ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Turkey/epidemiology ; Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics ; Mutation ; HIV Seropositivity/drug therapy ; Genotype ; Anti-HIV Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ; Anti-HIV Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-26
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2192348-6
ISSN	1873-4251 ; 1570-162X
ISSN (online)	1873-4251
ISSN	1570-162X
DOI	10.2174/1570162X21666230525145529
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Article: İki Anti-HIV Doğrulama Testinin Karşılaştırılması: Rekombinant HIV 1/2 “Line İmmunoassay” ve Geenius HIV 1/2 Doğrulama Testi.

Zeytinoğlu, Ayşın / Kayın, Münevver / Altuğlu, İmre / Gökengin, Deniz / Sertöz, Rüçhan

Mikrobiyoloji bulteni

2020 Volume 54, Issue 4, Page(s) 613–618

Abstract: The main purpose in the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is to rapidly and accurately identify people with HIV infection. It is recommended that samples that are repeatedly reactive should be verified/supported according to the ... ...

Title translation	Comparison of Two Anti-HIV Confirmatory Assays: Recombinant HIV 1/2 Line Immunoassay and Geenius HIV 1/2 Confirmatory Test.
Abstract	The main purpose in the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is to rapidly and accurately identify people with HIV infection. It is recommended that samples that are repeatedly reactive should be verified/supported according to the classical algorithms of international and national guidelines. The recombinant "line immunoassay test (LIA)", which has been used for many years, is studied with the accumulated samples to be cost and labor-effective. In this study, the supplemental recombinant HIV 1/2 LIA (INNO-LIA®, Fujirebio, Ghent, Belgium) used to confirm and differentiate the diagnosis of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections, and an immunochromatographic supplemental test (Geenius™ (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Marnes-la-Coquette, France) which can provide faster results were compared. One hundred fifty serum samples sent to Ege University Faculty of Medicine Hospital Medical Virology Laboratory with anti-HIV 1/2 and p24 antigen positive and indeterminant results and three HIV-1 positive external quality control samples were included in the study. Samples were tested both with the Geenius™ HIV 1/2 (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Marnes-la-Coquette, France) and recombinant HIV 1/2 LIA (INNO-LIA®, Fujirebio, Ghent, Belgium). HIV 1 viral load was evaluated by using Abbott real-time HIV-1 test in Abbott m200sp system (Abbott Molecular, Wiesbaden, Germany) in plasma samples. In both assays, the results were consistent in 147 samples (96.08%). Six samples that have discordant results were as follows: one sample was LIA HIV-1 positive and Geenius indeterminate, two samples were LIA indeterminant and Geenius HIV-1 positive, and in three samples, LIA was indeterminate and Geenius negative. In two EIA reactive samples (2/97, 2.06%) and three EIA negative samples (3/53, 5.66%) LIA results were indeterminant. Geenius test, on the other hand, correctly identified HIV positive and negative samples. The immunochromatographic test could be used in the diagnostic algorithm of HIV infection, due to its short application time, not being labor intensive, its ability to distinguish HIV-1/2, its high sensitivity/specificity compared to LIA, and the compliance with LIA. However, it should be noted that in acute HIV infection, all analytical antibody tests, become reactive later than the fourth generation enzyme immunoassays.
MeSH term(s)	Germany ; HIV Antibodies ; HIV Infections/diagnosis ; HIV-1/genetics ; HIV-2/genetics ; HIV-2/immunology ; Humans ; Immunoassay
Chemical Substances	HIV Antibodies
Language	Turkish
Publishing date	2020-10-27
Publishing country	Turkey
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	985146-x
ISSN	0374-9096
ISSN	0374-9096
DOI	10.5578/mb.69786
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Article ; Online: Investigation of drug resistance against protease, reverse transcriptase, and integrase inhibitors by next-generation sequencing in HIV-positive patients.

Tekin, Duygu / Gokengin, Deniz / Onay, Huseyin / Erensoy, Selda / Sertoz, Ruchan

Journal of medical virology

2020 Volume 93, Issue 6, Page(s) 3627–3633

Abstract: Our aim was to investigate the mutations in protease (PR), reverse transcriptase (RT), and integrase (IN) gene regions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) using a single amplicon via next-generation sequencing (NGS). The study included plasma samples ... ...

Abstract	Our aim was to investigate the mutations in protease (PR), reverse transcriptase (RT), and integrase (IN) gene regions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) using a single amplicon via next-generation sequencing (NGS). The study included plasma samples from 49 HIV-1-positive patients, which were referred for HIV-1 drug resistance testing during 2017. A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed after the RNA extraction and one-step reverse transcription stages. The sequencing of the HIV genome in the PR, RT, and IN gene regions was carried out using MiSeq NGS technology. Sanger sequencing (SS) was used to analyze resistance mutations in the PR and RT gene regions using a ViroSeq HIV-1 Genotyping System. PCR products were analyzed with an ABI3500 GeneticAnalyzer (Applied Biosystems). Resistance mutations detected with NGS at frequencies above 20% were identical to the SS results. Resistance to at least one antiretroviral (ARV) drug was 22.4% (11 of 49) with NGS and 10.2% (5 of 49) with SS. At least one low-frequency resistance mutation was detected in 18.3% (9 of 49) of the samples. Low-frequency resistance mutations resulted in virological failure in only one patient. The cost of the analyses was reduced by sample pooling and multiplex analysis using the MiSeq system. This is the first study in Turkey to use NGS technologies for the detection of resistance mutations in all three gene (PR, RT, IN) regions using a single amplicon. Our findings suggest that NGS is more sensitive and cost-effective than the SS method.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-HIV Agents/pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics ; Genome, Viral ; Genotype ; HIV Infections/virology ; HIV Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology ; HIV-1/drug effects ; HIV-1/genetics ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Integrase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Mutation ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Viral Load/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Anti-HIV Agents ; HIV Protease Inhibitors ; Integrase Inhibitors ; RNA, Viral ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	752392-0
ISSN	1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
ISSN (online)	1096-9071
ISSN	0146-6615
DOI	10.1002/jmv.26582
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Article: Characteristics of pediatric COVID-19 patients admitted to the emergency department and factors associated with pneumonia.

Yurtseven, Ali / Turan, Caner / Özenen, Gizem Güner / Işik, Halit / Bal, Zümrüt Şahbudak / Sertöz, Rüçhan / Saz, Eylem Ulaş

Turkish journal of emergency medicine

2022 Volume 22, Issue 3, Page(s) 143–148

Abstract: Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that causes a respiratory illness, continues to be a global pandemic. In this study, we purpose to identify the features of children with COVID-19 and the factors affecting disease severity.: Methods: ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that causes a respiratory illness, continues to be a global pandemic. In this study, we purpose to identify the features of children with COVID-19 and the factors affecting disease severity. Methods: This is a retrospective, observational study was conducted on patients who presented with suspicion of COVID-19 from April 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021, at a tertiary care medical center in Turkey. The characteristics of 640 children who were confirmed to have COVID-19 by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were retrieved from medical records. Results: The mean age of the cases was 10 ± 6 years, and 56% of them were male. Seasonal difference did not affect the number of cases. The majority of the cases ( Conclusions: Although pediatric COVID-19 patients tended to have a mild disease, some children with comorbidities can still develop a severe illness. CRP value is a useful indicator in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. Furthermore, the prevalence rate of COVID-19 did not decrease with hot seasons.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-01
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2452-2473
ISSN	2452-2473
DOI	10.4103/2452-2473.348434
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Article: Epidemiology of blood-borne viral infections in Afghanistan

Husseini, Abbas Ali / Saeed, Khwaja Mir Islam / Yurdcu, Esra / Sertoz, Rüçhan / Bozdayi, A. Mithat

Archives of virology. 2019 Aug., v. 164, no. 8

2019

Abstract: Although a few studies have been done on transmissible blood-borne viral infections in high-risk groups, little attention has been given to assessing the infection status of the general population in Afghanistan. To investigate the epidemiological status ...

Abstract	Although a few studies have been done on transmissible blood-borne viral infections in high-risk groups, little attention has been given to assessing the infection status of the general population in Afghanistan. To investigate the epidemiological status in the general population, we tested the serological markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis delta virus (HDV), human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) infections. In total, 492 samples were selected randomly from Nangarhar, Herat, Mazar-e Sharif, Kandahar, and Kabul from subjects between 25 and 70 years old. The samples were tested for the presence of HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HDV, anti-HCV, anti-HIV-1 and anti-HTLV I/II antibodies using chemiluminescent immunoassays on Abbott Architect automated platforms. In addition, 220 HBsAg-positive samples identified among 5897 samples from the general population of the same regions of Afghanistan were included in the study and tested for both HBsAg and anti-HDV to investigate HDV prevalence in the country. Viral loads of HBV, HCV and HDV were determined in all seropositive samples using Ampliprep/Cobas TaqMan HBV, HCV, Test Roche (CA, USA), and an in-house method, respectively. Out of 492 samples, 31 (6.3%), 136 (27.6%) and 149 (30.3%) were found to be positive for HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc, respectively. Anti-HDV positivity was detected in five (2.1%) out of 234 HBsAg-positive samples (including 14 of the randomly selected samples that were not among the 220 previously identified as HBsAg positive). Only eight out of 492 (1.6%) subjects were positive for anti-HCV antibodies. Seven out of 489 (1.4%) were positive for anti-HIV-1 antibodies, and three out of 466 cases (0.6%) were positive for anti-HTLV I/II antibodies. These results suggest that Afghanistan is an intermediate endemic region for HBV, HDV and HCV infection. The prevalence of HIV-1 seems to be significantly higher than the global prevalence and that of the eastern Mediterranean region. In addition, the HTLV I/II screening results suggest that these viruses should be monitored in Afghanistan to confirm the trend observed in the current study.
Keywords	Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis C virus ; Hepatitis delta virus ; Human immunodeficiency virus 1 ; T-lymphocytes ; antibodies ; automation ; chemiluminescence ; hepatitis B antigens ; humans ; immunoassays ; leukemia ; screening ; seroprevalence ; viral load ; viruses ; Afghanistan ; Mediterranean region
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-08
Size	p. 2083-2090.
Publishing place	Springer Vienna
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	7491-3
ISSN	1432-8798 ; 0304-8608
ISSN (online)	1432-8798
ISSN	0304-8608
DOI	10.1007/s00705-019-04285-y
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Hepatit B virüsü (HBV) genotip D ile enfekte hasta gruplarında HBV preS1, preS2 ve S gen bölgelerinin analizi.

Karataş, Eylem / Erensoy, Selda / Akarca, Ulus Salih / Sertöz, Rüçhan

Mikrobiyoloji bulteni

2018 Volume 52, Issue 1, Page(s) 23–34

Abstract: Mutations in preS and S gene regions of hepatitis B virus genome may cause immune escape and diagnostic escape HBV mutants. The aim of this study was to determine preS1, preS2 and S gene regions of HBV from HBV infected patient groups by sequence ... ...

Title translation	Analysis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) preS1, preS2 and S gene regions from patient groups infected with HBV genotype D.
Abstract	Mutations in preS and S gene regions of hepatitis B virus genome may cause immune escape and diagnostic escape HBV mutants. The aim of this study was to determine preS1, preS2 and S gene regions of HBV from HBV infected patient groups by sequence analysis and contribute to the relevant literature. Nucleic acid sequence analysis of preS and S genes of HBV PCR products from 56 archived plasma samples sent to Ege University Faculty of Medicine Medical Microbiology Department Molecular Virology laboratory, for HBV tests were determined by chain termination reaction. Amino acid (aa) sequences were compared with the reference sequences obtained from GenBank. Plasma samples belonged to four groups of patients: A- Chronic HBV infected patients with typical HBV serological profiles (22 samples), B- HBV infected patients with atypical HBV serological profiles (26 samples), C- HBV re-infected patients after liver transplantation (5 samples), D- Seroconversion phase following acute HBV infection (3 samples). One of two vaccine escape mutant samples was also diagnostic escape mutant; the other diagnostic escape mutant was isolated from anti-HBc positive sample. All of the sequences were determined as genotype D. HBsAg subtypes were determined as; two ayw1, six ayw3, two mix, 46 ayw2. Among the 304 codons analysed between preS 33rd and S 162nd amino acids; aa variants were determinedin 105 codons (34.5%). Sequences can be found in GenBank with accession numbers FJ001941-FJ001996. At least one aa variation was detected in 48 of 56 samples (85.7%). The amino acid variants were as follows; PreS1: A33T, A39T, P41K, D44del, D50N, T51P, D54N, L65P/M, F67L, W77T, A81S, Q82E, I84T, L85I/M, Q86H/T, L88S, A90T/V, N91K/del, A95P, S96A, T97I/A, N98K, Q100K, S101T, S109T, P110S, N114D/E, PreS2: M1V, Q2R, S5H, F8S, H9Q, Q13L, D14N, R16K, R18K, G19S/D, F22L/S, S28T, G30E, N33T, V39A, P41H/L, I42T/L, I45T, F46Y, S47L, R48K, I49T, D51V/G, P52L, A53V, L54R/G, N55K; S gene: E2D, I4F, F8L, G10A, V14A, F20S, L22del, R24K, P29L, Q30K, N40S, F41del, G44E, T45L, T46P, V47A, L49R, Q54R, P56L, S64F, P70A, M75I, C76Y, R79H, I81T, F83C, L88P, L94S, Y100F, Q101H/R, M103L, L104F, L109I/M, I110L, G112S/R, S113N/P, S114A/del, T115I, T116N, T118A/K, P120A/T, T123A, in "a" determinant; T126I, Q129H/R, T131N, M133T, Y134N, S136Y, S143L/M/T, D144E, G145A/R. Deletions were also found in all three preS/S gene regions. The highest number of aa variations were detectedin the isolated anti-HBc positive sample (in 24 codons), followed by liver transplant group (8-13 codons). Point mutation was detected in the preS2/S promoter CCAAT box. Major hydrophilic region (MHR) variants were determined in 41.1% of 56 samples. The highest number of MHR variants belonged to atypical HBV serological profile group (group B; 61.5%) and liver transplantation group with HBV re-infection (all C group). Among the diagnostic escape and immune escape mutant (anti-HBs positive) samples, reported MHR and "a" determinant mutations were detected. In conclusion, the study population carries HBV preS/S variants; MHR and "a" determinant variant rates are high among diagnostic or immune escape mutants. It is important to evaluate the mutant detection performance of HBsAg tests.
MeSH term(s)	DNA, Viral/genetics ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B/virology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B virus/genetics ; Humans ; Mutation
Chemical Substances	DNA, Viral ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
Language	Turkish
Publishing date	2018-04-11
Publishing country	Turkey
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	985146-x
ISSN	0374-9096
ISSN	0374-9096
DOI	10.5578/mb.61909
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Article ; Online: Quantitative paper-based dot blot assay for spike protein detection using fuchsine dye-loaded polymersomes.

Ghorbanizamani, Faezeh / Moulahoum, Hichem / Zihnioglu, Figen / Evran, Serap / Cicek, Candan / Sertoz, Ruchan / Arda, Bilgin / Goksel, Tuncay / Turhan, Kutsal / Timur, Suna

Biosensors & bioelectronics

2021 Volume 192, Page(s) 113484

Abstract: Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-based assays are the gold standard for virus diagnosis. Point-of-care (POC) technologies have shown great progress during this period. Herein, we propose a novel fuchsine dye-loaded ... ...

Abstract	Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-based assays are the gold standard for virus diagnosis. Point-of-care (POC) technologies have shown great progress during this period. Herein, we propose a novel fuchsine dye-loaded polymersome for a colorimetric paper-based dot blot spike protein diagnostic assay for COVID-19 via smartphone-assisted sensing. The prepared platform aimed to create an adaptable tool that competes with traditional nanoparticle-based assays employing gold and silver. Analytical characterization and application of the testing platform showed high sensitivity (10 times better than gold nanoparticles), stability, fast turnaround, and reproducibility. The potential and possibilities demonstrated by the current platform could be observed in its adaptability for different markers and pathologies. In addition, smartphone-assisted sensing emphasizes the ability to use the tool at home by common peoples which can lower the burden on the healthcare facilities and reach more underdeveloped regions.
MeSH term(s)	Biosensing Techniques ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; Gold ; Humans ; Metal Nanoparticles ; Reproducibility of Results ; Rosaniline Dyes ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/analysis
Chemical Substances	Rosaniline Dyes ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Gold (7440-57-5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1011023-9
ISSN	1873-4235 ; 0956-5663
ISSN (online)	1873-4235
ISSN	0956-5663
DOI	10.1016/j.bios.2021.113484
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Article: Rapid Point-of-Care COVID-19 Diagnosis with a Gold-Nanoarchitecture-Assisted Laser-Scribed Graphene Biosensor

Beduk, Tutku / Beduk, Duygu / de Oliveira Filho, José Ilton / Zihnioglu, Figen / Cicek, Candan / Sertoz, Ruchan / Arda, Bilgin / Goksel, Tuncay / Turhan, Kutsal / Salama, Khaled N. / Timur, Suna

Analytical chemistry. 2021 June 03, v. 93, no. 24

2021

Abstract: The global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has revealed the urgent need for accurate, rapid, and affordable diagnostic tests for epidemic understanding and management by monitoring the population ... ...

Abstract	The global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has revealed the urgent need for accurate, rapid, and affordable diagnostic tests for epidemic understanding and management by monitoring the population worldwide. Though current diagnostic methods including real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) provide sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2, they require relatively long processing time, equipped laboratory facilities, and highly skilled personnel. Laser-scribed graphene (LSG)-based biosensing platforms have gained enormous attention as miniaturized electrochemical systems, holding an enormous potential as point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tools. We describe here a miniaturized LSG-based electrochemical sensing scheme for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis combined with three-dimensional (3D) gold nanostructures. This electrode was modified with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody following the proper surface modifications proved by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterizations as well as electrochemical techniques. The system was integrated into a handheld POC detection system operated using a custom smartphone application, providing a user-friendly diagnostic platform due to its ease of operation, accessibility, and systematic data management. The analytical features of the electrochemical immunoassay were evaluated using the standard solution of S-protein in the range of 5.0–500 ng/mL with a detection limit of 2.9 ng/mL. A clinical study was carried out on 23 patient blood serum samples with successful COVID-19 diagnosis, compared to the commercial RT-PCR, antibody blood test, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) IgG and IgA test results. Our test provides faster results compared to commercial diagnostic tools and offers a promising alternative solution for next-generation POC applications.
Keywords	COVID-19 infection ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ; analytical chemistry ; antibodies ; biosensors ; blood serum ; detection limit ; electrochemistry ; electrodes ; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; gold ; graphene ; hematologic tests ; human resources ; information management ; mobile telephones ; pandemic ; patients ; point-of-care systems ; quantitative polymerase chain reaction ; viruses
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0603
Size	p. 8585-8594.
Publishing place	American Chemical Society
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1508-8
ISSN	1520-6882 ; 0003-2700
ISSN (online)	1520-6882
ISSN	0003-2700
DOI	10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01444
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Article: Quantitative paper-based dot blot assay for spike protein detection using fuchsine dye-loaded polymersomes

Ghorbanizamani, Faezeh / Moulahoum, Hichem / Zihnioglu, Figen / Evran, Serap / Cicek, Candan / Sertoz, Ruchan / Arda, Bilgin / Goksel, Tuncay / Turhan, Kutsal / Timur, Suna

Biosensors & bioelectronics. 2021 Nov. 15, v. 192

2021

Abstract	Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-based assays are the gold standard for virus diagnosis. Point-of-care (POC) technologies have shown great progress during this period. Herein, we propose a novel fuchsine dye-loaded polymersome for a colorimetric paper-based dot blot spike protein diagnostic assay for COVID-19 via smartphone-assisted sensing. The prepared platform aimed to create an adaptable tool that competes with traditional nanoparticle-based assays employing gold and silver. Analytical characterization and application of the testing platform showed high sensitivity (10 times better than gold nanoparticles), stability, fast turnaround, and reproducibility. The potential and possibilities demonstrated by the current platform could be observed in its adaptability for different markers and pathologies. In addition, smartphone-assisted sensing emphasizes the ability to use the tool at home by common peoples which can lower the burden on the healthcare facilities and reach more underdeveloped regions.
Keywords	COVID-19 infection ; biosensors ; colorimetry ; gold ; nanogold ; point-of-care systems ; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ; silver ; viruses
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1115
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1011023-9
ISSN	1873-4235 ; 0956-5663
ISSN (online)	1873-4235
ISSN	0956-5663
DOI	10.1016/j.bios.2021.113484
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Article ; Online: Epidemiology of blood-borne viral infections in Afghanistan.

Husseini, Abbas Ali / Saeed, Khwaja Mir Islam / Yurdcu, Esra / Sertoz, Rüçhan / Bozdayi, A Mithat

Archives of virology

2019 Volume 164, Issue 8, Page(s) 2083–2090

Abstract	Although a few studies have been done on transmissible blood-borne viral infections in high-risk groups, little attention has been given to assessing the infection status of the general population in Afghanistan. To investigate the epidemiological status in the general population, we tested the serological markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis delta virus (HDV), human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) infections. In total, 492 samples were selected randomly from Nangarhar, Herat, Mazar-e Sharif, Kandahar, and Kabul from subjects between 25 and 70 years old. The samples were tested for the presence of HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HDV, anti-HCV, anti-HIV-1 and anti-HTLV I/II antibodies using chemiluminescent immunoassays on Abbott Architect automated platforms. In addition, 220 HBsAg-positive samples identified among 5897 samples from the general population of the same regions of Afghanistan were included in the study and tested for both HBsAg and anti-HDV to investigate HDV prevalence in the country. Viral loads of HBV, HCV and HDV were determined in all seropositive samples using Ampliprep/Cobas TaqMan HBV, HCV, Test Roche (CA, USA), and an in-house method, respectively. Out of 492 samples, 31 (6.3%), 136 (27.6%) and 149 (30.3%) were found to be positive for HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc, respectively. Anti-HDV positivity was detected in five (2.1%) out of 234 HBsAg-positive samples (including 14 of the randomly selected samples that were not among the 220 previously identified as HBsAg positive). Only eight out of 492 (1.6%) subjects were positive for anti-HCV antibodies. Seven out of 489 (1.4%) were positive for anti-HIV-1 antibodies, and three out of 466 cases (0.6%) were positive for anti-HTLV I/II antibodies. These results suggest that Afghanistan is an intermediate endemic region for HBV, HDV and HCV infection. The prevalence of HIV-1 seems to be significantly higher than the global prevalence and that of the eastern Mediterranean region. In addition, the HTLV I/II screening results suggest that these viruses should be monitored in Afghanistan to confirm the trend observed in the current study.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Afghanistan/epidemiology ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Female ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/immunology ; HIV-1/immunology ; Hepacivirus/immunology ; Hepatitis Antibodies/immunology ; Hepatitis B/epidemiology ; Hepatitis B/immunology ; Hepatitis B Antibodies/immunology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/immunology ; Hepatitis B virus/immunology ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology ; Hepatitis C/immunology ; Hepatitis C Antibodies/immunology ; Hepatitis D/epidemiology ; Hepatitis D/immunology ; Hepatitis Delta Virus/immunology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Viral Load/methods ; Virus Diseases/epidemiology ; Virus Diseases/immunology
Chemical Substances	DNA, Viral ; Hepatitis Antibodies ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis C Antibodies
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-27
Publishing country	Austria
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	7491-3
ISSN	1432-8798 ; 0304-8608
ISSN (online)	1432-8798
ISSN	0304-8608
DOI	10.1007/s00705-019-04285-y
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