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Article ; Online: Changes in Metabolic Syndrome and Its Implications on the Risk and Racial/Ethnic Disparities of Pancreatic Cancer.

Huang, Brian Z / Setiawan, Veronica Wendy

2021 Volume 162, Issue 2, Page(s) 392–394

MeSH term(s)	Ethnicity ; Humans ; Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis ; Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Racial Groups
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	80112-4
ISSN	1528-0012 ; 0016-5085
ISSN (online)	1528-0012
ISSN	0016-5085
DOI	10.1053/j.gastro.2021.11.012
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Article ; Online: Healthful Plant-Based Dietary Pattern and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Multiethnic Population: A Cohort Study.

Kim, Jihye / Setiawan, Veronica Wendy / Wilkens, Lynne R / Le Marchand, Loïc / Park, Song-Yi

The American journal of clinical nutrition

2023 Volume 118, Issue 1, Page(s) 194–200

Abstract: Background: Plant-based dietary patterns assessed by a priori indices are associated with various health outcomes, but have rarely been examined in relation to liver cancer.: Objectives: This study investigated the associations between plant-based ... ...

Abstract	Background: Plant-based dietary patterns assessed by a priori indices are associated with various health outcomes, but have rarely been examined in relation to liver cancer. Objectives: This study investigated the associations between plant-based diets and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and evaluated whether the associations vary by sex and race and ethnicity. Methods: Data were from a total of 170,321 African American, Japanese American, Latino, Native Hawaiian, and White adults aged 45-75 y who completed a food frequency questionnaire in the Multiethnic Cohort Study. Cox models with adjustment for potential confounders were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for HCC according to 3 plant-based diet scores: overall plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI). Results: During a mean follow-up of 19.6 y, 722 incident HCC cases were identified. Multivariate-adjusted HR (95% CI) per 10-point increase was 0.82 (0.71-0.94) for PDI, 0.84 (0.74-0.96) for hPDI, and 1.08 (0.95-1.23) for uPDI. We found no significant differences by sex (all P Conclusion: Greater adherence to plant-based diets rich in healthy plant foods and low in less healthy plant foods is associated with a reduced risk of HCC in a multiethnic population.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Cohort Studies ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/etiology ; Diet, Vegetarian ; Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Liver Neoplasms/etiology ; Diet ; Plants
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	280048-2
ISSN	1938-3207 ; 0002-9165
ISSN (online)	1938-3207
ISSN	0002-9165
DOI	10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.04.031
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Article ; Online: Rising Incidence and Racial Disparities of Early-Onset Pancreatic Cancer in the United States, 1995-2018.

Huang, Brian Z / Liu, Lihua / Zhang, Juanjuan / Pandol, Stephen J / Grossman, Steven R / Setiawan, Veronica Wendy

Gastroenterology

2022 Volume 163, Issue 1, Page(s) 310–312.e1

MeSH term(s)	Health Status Disparities ; Healthcare Disparities ; Humans ; Incidence ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Racial Groups ; United States/epidemiology ; White People
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	80112-4
ISSN	1528-0012 ; 0016-5085
ISSN (online)	1528-0012
ISSN	0016-5085
DOI	10.1053/j.gastro.2022.03.011
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Article ; Online: Smoking and pancreatic cancer: a sex-specific analysis in the Multiethnic Cohort study.

Gram, Inger T / Park, Song-Yi / Wilkens, Lynne R / Le Marchand, Loïc / Setiawan, Veronica Wendy

Cancer causes & control : CCC

2022 Volume 34, Issue 1, Page(s) 89–100

Abstract: Purpose: To examine whether the detrimental smoking-related association with pancreatic cancer (PC) is the same for women as for men.: Methods: We analyzed data from 192,035 participants aged 45-75 years, enrolled in the Multiethnic Cohort study (MEC) ...

Abstract	Purpose: To examine whether the detrimental smoking-related association with pancreatic cancer (PC) is the same for women as for men. Methods: We analyzed data from 192,035 participants aged 45-75 years, enrolled in the Multiethnic Cohort study (MEC) in 1993-1996. We identified PC cases via linkage to the Hawaii and California Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program cancer registries through December 2017. Results: During a mean follow-up of 19.2 years, we identified 1,936 incident PC cases. Women smokers smoked on average less than men smokers. In multivariate Cox regression models, as compared with sex-specific never smokers, current smokers had a similar elevated risk of PC for women, hazard ratio (HR) 1.49 (95% CI 1.24, 1.79) and as for men, HR 1.48 (95% CI 1.22, 1.79) (p Conclusion: Although MEC women smoke on average less than their men counterparts, the smoking-related increase in PC risk and the benefits of cessation seem to be of similar magnitudes for women as for men.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Cohort Studies ; Risk Factors ; Smoking/adverse effects ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Smoking Cessation ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/etiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-17
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1064022-8
ISSN	1573-7225 ; 0957-5243
ISSN (online)	1573-7225
ISSN	0957-5243
DOI	10.1007/s10552-022-01637-z
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Article ; Online: Differential trends in rising endometrial cancer incidence by age, race, and ethnicity.

Liu, Lihua / Habeshian, Talar S / Zhang, Juanjuan / Peeri, Noah C / Du, Mengmeng / De Vivo, Immaculata / Setiawan, Veronica Wendy

JNCI cancer spectrum

2023 Volume 7, Issue 1

Abstract: Endometrial cancer (EC) incidence is on the rise. Although early-onset endometrial cancer (EOEC; age at diagnosis <50 years) is relatively uncommon, the incidence of EOEC has been reportedly increasing in recent decades. However, the rising EOEC has not ... ...

Abstract	Endometrial cancer (EC) incidence is on the rise. Although early-onset endometrial cancer (EOEC; age at diagnosis <50 years) is relatively uncommon, the incidence of EOEC has been reportedly increasing in recent decades. However, the rising EOEC has not been thoroughly described with regard to the racial and ethnic disparities and compared with late-onset EC (age at diagnosis ≥50 years). We used the Cancer in North America (CiNA) Analytic File, 1995-2018, from the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries, which allowed us to examine trends in invasive EC incidence by racial and ethnic groups and by age at diagnosis. We found striking differences for demographic and tumor characteristics as well as racial and ethnic patterns and time trends in EC incidence between EOEC and late-onset EC. The faster increases in EOEC incidence rates, especially among non-White women, mirror similar observations in other cancers, pointing to a possible link with rising obesity epidemic in younger generations.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Ethnicity ; Incidence ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Racial Groups ; Registries
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ISSN	2515-5091
ISSN (online)	2515-5091
DOI	10.1093/jncics/pkad001
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Article ; Online: Interethnic Differences in Bladder Cancer Incidence and the Association between Type 2 Diabetes and Bladder Cancer in the Multiethnic Cohort Study.

Bogumil, David / Cortessis, Victoria K / Wilkens, Lynne R / Le Marchand, Loïc / Haiman, Christopher A / Maskarinec, Gertraud / Setiawan, Veronica Wendy

Cancer research communications

2023 Volume 3, Issue 5, Page(s) 755–762

Abstract: Background: Research on the association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and bladder cancer (BCA) risk among non-European ancestry populations is sparse to nonexistent, and most prior studies rely on a single baseline assessment of T2D status.: Methods: ...

Abstract	Background: Research on the association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and bladder cancer (BCA) risk among non-European ancestry populations is sparse to nonexistent, and most prior studies rely on a single baseline assessment of T2D status. Methods: We estimated the T2D-BCA association using the Multiethnic Cohort Study of 185,059 men and women in California and Hawaii. Participants were African American, European American, Japanese American, Latin American, and Native Hawaiian, ages 45-75 years at enrollment (1993-1996). T2D was assessed by self-report at baseline, follow-up surveys, and Medicare claims. Cases were identified using Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program cancer registries through 2016. Associations were estimated by race/ethnicity using Cox proportional hazards regression. Adjusted attributable fractions (AAF) and cumulative absolute risk of bladder cancer were estimated across groups. Results: Over an average 19.7 years of follow-up 1,890 incident bladder cancer cases were diagnosed. Time-varying T2D was associated with bladder cancer in the multiethnic sample (HR = 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.30); however, the HR did not differ by race/ethnicity ( Conclusion: T2D is significantly associated with bladder cancer risk in a multiethnic sample. Significance: Those with T2D have higher incidence of bladder cancer, regardless of racial/ethnic group. Reducing T2D prevalence could substantially lower bladder cancer incidence among Native Hawaiians due to T2D being more common in this group. High absolute risk of bladder cancer among European Americans, regardless of T2D status, indicates that elevated bladder cancer risk in this group may be due to factors other than T2D. Future studies must explore reasons for this difference in incidence.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Aged ; United States/epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Incidence ; Medicare ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2767-9764
ISSN (online)	2767-9764
DOI	10.1158/2767-9764.CRC-22-0288
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Article ; Online: Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in the Multiethnic Cohort.

Maskarinec, Gertraud / Kristal, Bruce S / Wilkens, Lynne R / Quintal, Gino / Bogumil, David / Setiawan, Veronica W / Le Marchand, Loïc

Canadian journal of diabetes

2023 Volume 47, Issue 8, Page(s) 627–635.e2

Abstract: Objectives: In this report, we investigated the association between established risk factors and type 2 diabetes (T2D) across 5 distinct ethnic groups and explored differences according to T2D definition within the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study.: ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: In this report, we investigated the association between established risk factors and type 2 diabetes (T2D) across 5 distinct ethnic groups and explored differences according to T2D definition within the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study. Methods: Using the full MEC, with participants in Hawaii and Los Angeles (N=172,230), we applied Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). All participants completed questionnaires asking about demographics, anthropometrics, lifestyle factors, and regular diet. T2D status was determined from self-reported diagnosis/medication and Medicare claims. We assessed the associations between well-established risk factors and T2D in the full cohort, after stratification by ethnic group, according to the T2D definition, and in a biorepository subset. Effect modification by ethnicity was evaluated using Wald's tests. Results: Overall, 46,500 (27%) participants had an incident T2D diagnosis after a mean follow-up of 17.1±6.9 years. All predictors were significantly associated with T2D: overweight (HR=1.74), obesity (HR=2.90), red meat intake (HR=1.15), short (HR=1.04) and long (HR=1.08) sleep duration, and smoking (HR=1.26) predicted a significantly higher T2D incidence, whereas coffee (HR=0.90) and alcohol (HR=0.78) consumption, physical activity (HR=0.89), and diet quality (HR=0.96) were associated with lower T2D incidence. The strength of these associations was similar across ethnic groups with noteworthy disparities for overweight/obesity, physical activity, alcohol intake, coffee consumption, and diet quality. Conclusions: These findings confirm the importance of known risk factors for T2D across ethnic groups, but small differences were detected that may contribute to disparate incidence rates in some ethnic groups, especially for obesity and physical activity.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Humans ; United States ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Coffee ; Overweight ; Medicare ; Risk Factors ; Diet ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Incidence
Chemical Substances	Coffee
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-03
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2352-3840
ISSN (online)	2352-3840
DOI	10.1016/j.jcjd.2023.06.004
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Article ; Online: Changes in Diet Quality over 10 Years and Subsequent Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in the Multiethnic Cohort Study.

Kang, Minji / Boushey, Carol J / Shvetsov, Yurii B / Setiawan, Veronica W / Paik, Hee-Young / Wilkens, Lynne R / Le Marchand, Loïc / Park, Song-Yi

Nutrients

2023 Volume 15, Issue 15

Abstract: This study investigated how diet quality changes over a ten-year period, assessed using the following four diet quality indexes, the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), alternate Mediterranean Diet ( ... ...

Abstract	This study investigated how diet quality changes over a ten-year period, assessed using the following four diet quality indexes, the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), were related to mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the Multiethnic Cohort Study. The analysis included 61,361 participants who completed both the 1993-1996 baseline survey and the 2003-2008 10-year follow-up surveys. Over the mean follow-up period of 13 years after the 10-year survey, 4174 deaths from CVD were identified. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable Cox models. Increases in diet quality scores were associated with a reduced risk of CVD mortality for all indexes: HRs per one SD increment of 0.94 to 0.99 (HR (95% CI), 0.96 (0.92-1.01) for HEI-2015, 0.96 (0.91-1.01) for AHEI-2010, 0.99 (0.94-1.04) for aMED, and 0.94 (0.89-0.99) for DASH) in men and 0.88 to 0.92 (0.88 (0.84-0.92) for HEI-2015, 0.90 (0.85-0.95) for AHEI-2010, 0.89 (0.84-0.95) for aMED, and 0.92 (0.87-0.96) for DASH) in women. The inverse association generally did not vary by race and ethnicity, age, body mass index, smoking, and hypertension in each sex. Our findings suggest that improving diet quality and maintaining a high-quality diet over time may help reduce the risk of CVD mortality and could also be beneficial for those at higher risk of CVD.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Cohort Studies ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Prospective Studies ; Diet ; Diet, Mediterranean ; Ethnicity ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu15153482
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Article ; Online: The Association of Alcohol Outlet Density with Alcohol Intake: The Multiethnic Cohort.

Acuna, Nicholas / Shariff-Marco, Salma / Wu, Anna H / Meltzer, Dan / Inamdar, Pushkar / Lim, Tiffany / Marchand, Loïc Le / Haiman, Christopher A / Wilkens, Lynne R / Cheng, Iona / Setiawan, Veronica Wendy

Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs

2024

Abstract: Objective: Neighborhood characteristics have been shown to influence lifestyle behaviors. Here we characterized alcohol outlet density in Los Angeles County, California, and Hawaii and assessed the association of alcohol outlet density with self- ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Neighborhood characteristics have been shown to influence lifestyle behaviors. Here we characterized alcohol outlet density in Los Angeles County, California, and Hawaii and assessed the association of alcohol outlet density with self-reported alcohol intake in the Multiethnic Cohort. Method: Participants (n=178,977) had their addresses geocoded, at cohort entry (1993-1996), and appended to block group-level alcohol outlet densities (on- and off-premises). Multinomial logistic regression was performed to assess the association between self-reported alcohol intake and on- and off-premise alcohol outlet densities by each state. Stratified analysis was conducted by sex, race, and ethnicity. Results: Overall, we did not find associations between alcohol outlet density and self-reported alcohol intake in Los Angeles County, but we found that on-premise alcohol outlets were associated with 59% (OR=1.59, 95% CI:1.29,1.96) increased odds of consuming >2 drinks per day in Hawaii. Women living in neighborhoods with high density of on-premise alcohol outlets (Los Angeles County OR=1.15, 95% CI: 0.95,1.40) and (Hawaii OR=2.07, 95% CI: 1.43,3.01) had an increased odds of >2 drinks per day. Conclusion: This study suggests that neighborhood factors are associated with individual level behaviors and that there may be a need for multilevel interventions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2266450-6
ISSN	1938-4114 ; 1934-2683 ; 1937-1888 ; 0096-882X
ISSN (online)	1938-4114 ; 1934-2683
ISSN	1937-1888 ; 0096-882X
DOI	10.15288/jsad.23-00138
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Article ; Online: Evidence for a causal link between intra-pancreatic fat deposition and pancreatic cancer: A prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization study.

Yamazaki, Hajime / Streicher, Samantha A / Wu, Lang / Fukuhara, Shunichi / Wagner, Róbert / Heni, Martin / Grossman, Steven R / Lenz, Heinz-Josef / Setiawan, Veronica Wendy / Le Marchand, Loïc / Huang, Brian Z

Cell reports. Medicine

2024 Volume 5, Issue 2, Page(s) 101391

Abstract: Prior observational studies suggest an association between intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC); however, the causal relationship is unclear. To elucidate causality, we conduct a prospective observational ... ...

Abstract	Prior observational studies suggest an association between intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC); however, the causal relationship is unclear. To elucidate causality, we conduct a prospective observational study using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-measured IPFD data and also perform a Mendelian randomization study using genetic instruments for IPFD. In the observational study, we use UK Biobank data (N = 29,463, median follow-up: 4.5 years) and find that high IPFD (>10%) is associated with PDAC risk (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 3.35, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.60-7.00). In the Mendelian randomization study, we leverage eight out of nine IPFD-associated genetic variants (p < 5 × 10
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis/methods ; Prospective Studies ; Pancreas/diagnostic imaging ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/epidemiology ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ISSN	2666-3791
ISSN (online)	2666-3791
DOI	10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101391
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