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Article ; Online: A Potential Role of Cytomegalovirus Reactivation in the Severity of COVID-19 in the Elderly

Shabnam Tehrani / Amirreza Keyvanfar

Novelty in Biomedicine, Vol 10, Iss 2, Pp 142-

2022 Volume 143

Abstract: In late 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome- coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reported in Wuhan, China. This virus spread quickly worldwide, with millions of victims until now. The clinical manifestations of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are ...

Abstract	In late 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome- coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reported in Wuhan, China. This virus spread quickly worldwide, with millions of victims until now. The clinical manifestations of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are a broad spectrum, from asymptomatic and mild cases with a flu-like syndrome to severe cases requiring intensive care1. The severity of diseases and risk of mortality is higher in the elderly, which most authorities attribute to underlying conditions, including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and respiratory diseases. However, some neglected factors, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation, can affect patient outcomes2.
Keywords	covid-19 ; cytomegalovirus ; opportunistic infections ; prognosis ; sars-cov-2 ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Detection of Carbapenems and Colistin Resistance Genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii

Shabnam Tehrani / Hamed Samami / Amirreza Keyvanfar / Ali Hashemi

Novelty in Biomedicine, Vol 10, Iss 3, Pp 178-

A Single-center Study in Iran

2022 Volume 183

Abstract: Background: This study aimed to determine carbapenems, colistin resistance genes, and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, specimens of ...

Abstract	Background: This study aimed to determine carbapenems, colistin resistance genes, and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, specimens of patients with bloodstream, urinary tract, and surgical site nosocomial infections were enrolled. P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii isolates were identified using conventional methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) on isolates was performed using the disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for colistin as recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The combination meropenem disk method was used to detect metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). The blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, and mcr-1 genes were identified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and Sequencing. Results: Forty strains of P. aeruginosa and forty strains of A. baumannii were isolated from hospitalized patients. The overall prevalence of multidrug-resistance (MDR) was 50% and 95% in P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii isolates, respectively. Almost all the MDR isolates were resistant to cefepime and piperacillin. Colistin had significant inhibitory activity against the isolates. MBL was detected in 25.0% and 15.0% of clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii, respectively. We detected no blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, and mcr-1 genes in our A. baumannii isolates. Moreover, only three P. aeruginosa isolates were positive for blaIMP gene. Conclusion: The alarming proportion of MDR P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii isolates was reported in the current study. Effective infection prevention practices are required and AST should guide patients' treatment.
Keywords	acinetobacter baumannii ; pseudomonas aeruginosa ; multidrug-resistance ; metallo-β-lactamase ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparison of the Efficacy of Cefazolin with and without Naproxen in Patients with Cellulitis Admitted to a Tertiary Hospital

Shabnam TEHRANI / Behnood HATAMI / Sadaf SAKET / Amirreza KEYVANFAR

Mediterranean Journal of Infection, Microbes and Antimicrobials, Vol 11, Iss

2019-2020

2022 Volume 1

Abstract: Introduction: It is pertinent to carefully monitor the clinical course of patients with cellulitis. If not treated properly, there is a possibility of its extension to other skin surfaces, recurrent infection, risk of systemic spreading, and incidence of ...

Abstract	Introduction: It is pertinent to carefully monitor the clinical course of patients with cellulitis. If not treated properly, there is a possibility of its extension to other skin surfaces, recurrent infection, risk of systemic spreading, and incidence of worse complications, such as sepsis and severe abscesses. Various antibiotic regimens with or without anti-inflammatory drugs have been administered as a treatment against cellulitis. However, there is no proposed standard and selective line of treatment against cellulitis. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and outcome of two medications, cefazolin alone and cefazolin combined with naproxen as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Materials and Methods: This open-label randomized clinical trial was conducted on patients with cellulitis who were admitted to Labbafinejad Hospital (Tehran, Iran) from May 2019 to March 2020. The patients were randomly divided into group A (treated with 1-1.5 g of cefazolin alone intravenously every eight hours) and group B (treated with 1-1.5 g of cefazolin intravenously every eight hours combined with 500 mg of naproxen orally every 12 hours). The responses to these medications and the side effects were evaluated during hospitalizations. Results: The mean age of the 64 patients included in the study was 50.52±2.10 years and 51.56% of the patients were male. There were no significant differences between the control (n=33) and intervention (n=31) groups in terms of history of diabetes mellitus (p=0.666), antibiotic use (p=0.594), trauma (p=0.722), cellulitis (p=0.529), and smoking (p=0.705). The mean body temperatures of the two groups were not different in any of the first (p=0.762), third (p=0.789), and fifth (p=0.893) days. The improvement of clinical symptoms on the third day was significantly (p=0.045) more in group B (90.3%) than in group A (51.5%). Also, the clinical improvement on the fifth day was significantly (p=0.036) higher in group B (100%) than in group A (69.7%). In addition, the mean hospitalization periods ...
Keywords	cellulitis ; treatment outcome ; cefazolin ; naproxen ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
Subject code	616
Language	Turkish
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Galenos Yayinevi
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Davood Yadegarynia / Shabnam Tehrani / Amirreza Keyvanfar / Latif Gachkar / Behnaz Najafi

Novelty in Biomedicine, Vol 10, Iss 4, Pp 213-

Colistin Alone or Colistin and Meropenem: Which Is More Effective for the Management of Urinary Tract Infections?

2022 Volume 218

Abstract: Background: Colistin is a common antibiotic used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by gramnegative bacteria. In recent years, due to the increasing resistance, consumption of colistin alone could lead to treatment failures. This study aimed ...

Abstract	Background: Colistin is a common antibiotic used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by gramnegative bacteria. In recent years, due to the increasing resistance, consumption of colistin alone could lead to treatment failures. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of colistin alone with colistin and meropenem to treat patients with urinary tract infections. Materials and Methods: In this randomized, open-label, parallel groups controlled trial, hospitalized patients with urinary tract infections were included. Patients were randomly allocated to the control group (n=35) that received colistin (1 mIU every 12 hours) and the intervention group (n=35) that received colistin (1 mIU every 12 hours) with meropenem (1gr every 8 hours). An infectious disease specialist evaluated the therapeutic responses 48-72 hours after admission. Cessation of fever, improvement of symptoms and signs, and negative urine culture within 48 hours were considered successful therapeutic responses. Results: The mean length of hospitalization was longer in the control group (4.74±0.78 days) compared with the intervention group (4.26±0.56 days) (P=0.004). The prevalence of fever cessation had no significant difference between the two groups at any time (P>0.05). Also, there was no significant difference between the two groups at any time, considering vital signs, irritative urinary symptoms, nausea and vomiting, and flank pain (P>0.05). Conclusion: The administration of colistin and meropenem to treat UTIs was associated with a shorter length of hospital stay. However, regarding response to treatment, it did not matter if they were treated with colistin alone or with combination therapy (colistin and meropenem)
Keywords	colistin ; drug resistance ; gram-negative bacteria ; meropenem ; urinary tract infections ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610 ; 630
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Efficacy of Favipiravir in the Treatment of Moderate COVID-19 Patients

Shabnam TEHRANI / Davood YADEGARYNIA / Afshin BAGHERZADE / Latif GACHKAR / Amirreza KEYVANFAR

Mediterranean Journal of Infection, Microbes and Antimicrobials, Vol 11, Iss

A Randomized, Open-label, Controlled Clinical Trial

2022 Volume 1

Abstract: Introduction: Since the beginning of the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, scientists have studied many drugs to treat it, but none of them have been approved as a complete cure. Favipiravir is one of those drugs that effectively clears the ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Since the beginning of the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, scientists have studied many drugs to treat it, but none of them have been approved as a complete cure. Favipiravir is one of those drugs that effectively clears the body from the virus by interfering with the process of replication. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of favipiravir compared with supportive medication to treat moderate COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: In this randomized, open-label, controlled clinical trial, we examined the efficacy of favipiravir to treat moderate COVID-19 patients. The study was conducted in Labbafinejad Hospital (Tehran, Iran) from April to September 2021. A 1:1 ratio of eligible patients were assigned to the intervention and control groups. The control group received supportive medication. In addition to supportive medication, the intervention group received favipiravir. The primary endpoint was the hospitalization rate during the seven-day follow-up. And the secondary endpoints were symptoms, signs, and laboratory tests of the patients. Results: Out of 78 patients who were included in the study, 40 patients were assigned to the control group and 38 patients were assigned to the intervention group. At the beginning of treatment, the respiratory rate was higher in the intervention group (p=0.001), however, on the fifth (p=0.001) and seventh (p<0.001) days, it was significantly lower in the intervention group. In addition, oxygen saturation at the beginning of treatment was lower in the intervention group (p<0.001); however, on the fifth (p=0.016) and seventh (p<0.001) days, it was significantly higher in the intervention group. Furthermore, the consumption of favipiravir was not associated with the hospitalization rate (p=0.200). Conclusion: Favipiravir enhances respiratory manifestations in patients with moderate COVID-19 when compared to supportive medication alone.
Keywords	antiviral agents ; covid-19 ; favipiravir ; sars-cov-2 ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
Subject code	610
Language	Turkish
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Galenos Yayinevi
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Side Effects of COVID-19 Vaccination Among Healthcare Workers in Tehran, Iran

Davood Yadegarynia / Shabnam Tehrani / Fahimeh Hadavand / Shahnam Arshi / Zahra Abtahian / Amirreza Keyvanfar / Azar Darvishi / Afshin Zarghi

International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Vol 13, Iss

2023 Volume 3

Abstract: Background: Since the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many people have been vaccinated worldwide. Despite the preventive role of vaccines, their side effects face disease management with challenges. This study aims to investigate the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Since the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many people have been vaccinated worldwide. Despite the preventive role of vaccines, their side effects face disease management with challenges. This study aims to investigate the side effects of COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare workers in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April to October 2022 on 377 healthcare workers in Tehran, Iran. Data collection was carried out through an interview by a researcher using a checklist assessing systemic and local side effects of COVID-19 vaccines. Results: The mean age of participants was 36.03±10.24 years, and 68.2% were female. Participants experienced significantly more local (26.5% vs. 14.3%, P<0.001) and systemic (52.0% vs. 31.8%, P<0.001) side effects after the first dose than after the second dose. After the first dose, AstraZeneca (45.9%) caused significantly more local reactions than Sputnik V (21.7%) and Sinopharm (14.5%). AstraZeneca (83.7%) caused significantly more systemic side effects than Sputnik V (50.7%) and Sinopharm (14.5%). The prevalence of local and systemic side effects after the first dose was significantly different in terms of vaccine types (P<0.001). After the second dose, AstraZeneca (20.4%) caused significantly more local reactions than Sputnik V (12.8%) and Sinopharm (10.5%) (P<0.001). Additionally, AstraZeneca (38.8%) and Sputnik V (37.4%) caused significantly more systemic side effects than Sinopharm (7.9%) (P<0.001). Conclusion: Most healthcare workers in Tehran experienced flu-like symptoms and local reactions at the injection site after vaccination against COVID-19, mainly after the first dose. They had more side effects after vaccination with AstraZeneca and Sputnik V, compared to Sinopharm.
Keywords	adverse effects ; covid-19 vaccines ; iran ; safety ; sars-cov-2 ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Toxicology. Poisons ; RA1190-1270
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effects of adding convalescent plasma therapy for treatment of COVID-19 patients with severe and critical symptoms

Shahnaz Sali / Shabnam Tehrani / Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales / Ensieh Lotfali / Davood Yadegarynia / Sara Abolghasemi

Novelty in Biomedicine, Vol 9, Iss 2, Pp 39-

a descriptive study of 12 cases

2021 Volume 45

Abstract: Background: Severe symptoms of COVID-19 could be actually life-threatening and fatal. No effective treatment has been proposed yet. Plasma from COVID19 recovered patients may be effective according to past similar studies of some other viral infections. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Severe symptoms of COVID-19 could be actually life-threatening and fatal. No effective treatment has been proposed yet. Plasma from COVID19 recovered patients may be effective according to past similar studies of some other viral infections. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at the infectious disease ward of Shahid Labbafi Nejad Hospital (Tehran, Iran) from 3rd of April 2020 up until 3rd of May 2020. Clinical information for the 12 patients, before and after receiving convalescent plasma transfusion was obtained from a review of the hospital computer medical system retrospectively and analyzed. Results: Out of 12 patients with Covid-19 who received convalescent plasma, 7 patients were male (58.3%) and 5 were female (41.7%). The mean age of the patients was 52 years. Among them, 50% (n=6), improved and discharged and the rest of them died. Mean O2 saturation of patients with final outcome of death and discharged before plasma therapy were 67 (33%) and 77 (83%), respectively, an improvement, defining partial resolution of lesions of chest CT scan or stop in progression of infiltrations was detected in all of 6 discharged patients. Conclusion: Convalescent plasma may have effective role in improving O2 saturation, lymphopenia and CT scan lesions and also decreasing inflammatory factors of cases with severe manifestations but could not change prognosis for critically ill patients. Therefore, an early administration of convalescent plasma may be helpful.
Keywords	convalescent plasma ; covid-19 ; treatment ; severe ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Evaluation of the Clinical, Laboratory and Imaging Findings of Patients with COVID-19 and Their Associations with Clinical Outcomes in an Iranian Hospital

Shabnam Tehrani / Davood Yadegarinia / Sara Abolghasemi / Shahnaz Sali / Alireza Abrishami / Hamideh Moradi / Neda Khabiri

Novelty in Biomedicine, Vol 9, Iss 4, Pp 165-

A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 Volume 170

Abstract: Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a concern in the medical community as the virus spreads around the world. It has a heavy global burden, particularly in low-income countries. This virus has its specific outcomes in each population. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a concern in the medical community as the virus spreads around the world. It has a heavy global burden, particularly in low-income countries. This virus has its specific outcomes in each population. Hence, it is necessary to design studies to find the epidemiological behaviour of this virus. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Labbafinezhad hospital, Tehran, Iran. Demographic features include age, sex, past medical history, drug history, habitual file, influenza vaccination history, recent exposure history, clinical symptoms or signs, and the recorded symptoms. The clinical examination and para-clinical assessment, including chest computed tomography (CT) and laboratory testing on admission, were recorded. Results: It was found that patients with a history of kidney transplantation, high level of LDH, high level of AST, and increased neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio are most at risk of death. Conclusion: Parameters mentioned could help practitioners predict patient outcomes, and necessary interventions could be considered in this regard.
Keywords	covid-19 ; sars-cov-2 ; epidemiological study ; coronavirus ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Uncommon Transmission of HIV Infection Due to a Criminal Knife Fight

Shahnaz Sali / Simin Dokht Shoaei / Shabnam Tehrani

Case Reports in Clinical Practice, Vol 2, Iss

2017 Volume 1

Abstract: Appropriate screening for HIV infection is the cornerstone of HIV-related care. Clinicians should be aware of criminalizing HIV exposure and transmission. We report a case of HIV-1 infection transmission caused by a knife fight between addicts and ... ...

Abstract	Appropriate screening for HIV infection is the cornerstone of HIV-related care. Clinicians should be aware of criminalizing HIV exposure and transmission. We report a case of HIV-1 infection transmission caused by a knife fight between addicts and criminals. He was overlooked as an innocent victim and infected his wife without diagnosis. He was injured with a bloody knife used to damage a man minutes before. His 33-year-old wife was admitted with respiratory distress and responded to the treatment of pneumocystosis. In workup for predisposing factor of this opportunistic infection, AIDS was confirmed. The possible route of HIV-1 transmission was investigated and concluded most likely resulted sexually from his husband. Both of them have no behavioral risk factor for HIV infection. Peoples and physicians should be educated about epidemiology, transmission, and pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis of HIV.
Keywords	HIV ; Transmission ; Blood borne ; Trauma ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	306
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Outcome of Accidental Exposure Prone to Blood Borne Viral Infections in an Educational Hospital

Shahnaz Sali / Shabnam Tehrani / Sara Abulghasemi

Novelty in Biomedicine, Vol 4, Iss 2, Pp 67-

2016 Volume 69

Abstract: Background: The risk for transmission of blood-borne viruses (BBVs) such as Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) due to occupational exposure is a major concern in the health care setting. M aterials and ...

Abstract	Background: The risk for transmission of blood-borne viruses (BBVs) such as Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) due to occupational exposure is a major concern in the health care setting. M aterials and Methods: This study among 337 health care workers (HCWs) accidentally exposed to BBVs was carried out from January 2009 to March 2015. The data were reviewed in labbafinejhad hospital, Tehran, Iran. R es ults: 4 HCWs had exposure to HBS Ag positive, which HBS antibody titer of them was higher than 10 mlu/ml, 6 HCWs were exposed to HCV seropositive patients underwent laboratory investigations for HCV-antibody on 4,12, 24 weeks that results were negative. 3 cases had exposure to HIV seropositive patients which received standard antiretroviral post exposure prophylaxis. C onclusion: Timely performance for PEP (Post Exposure Prophylaxis) reducing BBVs transmission among HCWs. prophylaxis. Conclusions : Timely performance for PEP(Post Exposure Prophylaxis) reducing BBVs transmission among HCWs. Key words: Outcome; Accidental Exposure; Blood Borne Viral Infections
Keywords	Outcome ; Accidental Exposure ; Blood Borne Viral Infections ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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