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  1. Article ; Online: Opportunities and future directions for cardiometabolic disease prevention in second generation South Asian Americans.

    Shah, Nilay S

    Indian heart journal

    2021  Volume 73, Issue 6, Page(s) 768

    MeSH term(s) Asian Americans ; Asians ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; United States/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-01
    Publishing country India
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 604366-5
    ISSN 2213-3763 ; 0019-4832
    ISSN (online) 2213-3763
    ISSN 0019-4832
    DOI 10.1016/j.ihj.2021.10.015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Investing in Communities to Modify Social Drivers of Cardiovascular Risk: Moving From Observation to Action.

    Shah, Nilay S / Khan, Sadiya S

    JACC. Advances

    2023  Volume 2, Issue 7

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2772-963X
    ISSN (online) 2772-963X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jacadv.2023.100575
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  3. Article ; Online: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in the United States from 1999 to 2018.

    Hammond, Michael M / Cameron, Natalie A / Shah, Nilay S / Khan, Sadiya S

    The American journal of medicine

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: Although cardiovascular disease mortality rates in the United States declined from the 1970s to 2010s, they have now plateaued. The independent effects of age, period, and birth year (cohort) on cardiovascular disease mortality have not ... ...

    Abstract Background: Although cardiovascular disease mortality rates in the United States declined from the 1970s to 2010s, they have now plateaued. The independent effects of age, period, and birth year (cohort) on cardiovascular disease mortality have not previously been defined.
    Methods: We used data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research to examine the effects of age, period, and cohort on cardiovascular disease mortality among individuals aged 20-84 years from 1999 to 2018, prior to the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Age effects were described as cardiovascular disease-related mortality rates in each 5-year age group adjusted for year of death (period) and year of birth (cohort). Period and cohort effects were quantified as adjusted rate ratios (RRs) comparing cardiovascular disease mortality rates in each period and cohort to the reference periods and reference cohort (ie, 1919 birth cohort), respectively.
    Results: Between 1999 to 2018, there were 10,404,327 cardiovascular disease deaths among US adults. In each individual birth cohort, the age-specific cardiovascular disease mortality rates were stable between ages 20 through 39 years. Age-specific rates were higher for each year older between ages 40 through 84 years adjusting for period effects. The period cardiovascular disease mortality rates were lower in later periods (2004-2008 period RR 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85 to 0.88; 2009-2013 period RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.80) compared with the reference period (1999 to 2003) and plateaued thereafter. The cohort cardiovascular disease mortality rates were progressively lower in more recent birth cohorts (1924 birth cohort RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.87; 1974 birth cohort RR 0.29, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.32) compared with the reference cohort (1919 cohort) and plateaued thereafter.
    Conclusion: Although cardiovascular disease mortality rates declined rapidly among those born between 1919 and 1974, improvements plateaued in birth cohorts thereafter even adjusted for period effects.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80015-6
    ISSN 1555-7162 ; 1873-2178 ; 0002-9343 ; 1548-2766
    ISSN (online) 1555-7162 ; 1873-2178
    ISSN 0002-9343 ; 1548-2766
    DOI 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.02.021
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  4. Article: Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk among South Asian Americans.

    Deshpande, Ashwini / Shah, Nilay S / Kandula, Namratha R

    Current cardiovascular risk reports

    2023  Volume 17, Issue 3, Page(s) 73–82

    Abstract: Purpose of review: South Asian Americans experience higher cardiometabolic risk and disproportionately high rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to other racial and ethnic groups in the United States. The purpose of this review is to summarize ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: South Asian Americans experience higher cardiometabolic risk and disproportionately high rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to other racial and ethnic groups in the United States. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent evidence about the role of obesity in CVD risk in South Asian Americans and identify key evidence gaps and future directions for research and interventions for obesity in this group.
    Recent findings: South Asian Americans are predisposed to abdominal obesity and have a higher distribution of visceral fat, intermuscular fat, and intrahepatic fat compared to adults of other race and ethnic groups. In this population, the risk for cardiometabolic disease appears to be elevated even at a normal body mass index. Social, cultural, religious, interpersonal, and environmental factors are related to obesity and obesity-related behaviors among South Asian Americans.
    Summary: There is a relatively high prevalence of obesity in South Asian-origin populations in the United States, who have unique socio-cultural determinants of overweight and obesity. Future research should clarify why the risk for metabolic disease and CVD is elevated at normal BMI in the South Asian American population, and environmental and other structural factors that may influence obesity in this group. Interventions must be adapted to the social and cultural context of South Asian Americans to improve effectiveness and implementation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2489103-4
    ISSN 1932-9563 ; 1932-9520
    ISSN (online) 1932-9563
    ISSN 1932-9520
    DOI 10.1007/s12170-023-00714-5
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  5. Article ; Online: Precapillary Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Despite Contrary Anchoring Bias.

    Keller, Patrick / Shah, Nilay S / Sweis, Ranya / Mylvaganam, Ruben J

    JACC. Case reports

    2023  Volume 22, Page(s) 101977

    Abstract: We present the case of a patient with risk factors and a noninvasive evaluation that suggested postcapillary pulmonary hypertension, but in fact had invasive hemodynamics consistent with precapillary pulmonary hypertension. A thorough hemodynamic ... ...

    Abstract We present the case of a patient with risk factors and a noninvasive evaluation that suggested postcapillary pulmonary hypertension, but in fact had invasive hemodynamics consistent with precapillary pulmonary hypertension. A thorough hemodynamic evaluation of pulmonary hypertension must be performed, as treatment is linked to the underlying physiology. (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-10
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Case Reports
    ISSN 2666-0849
    ISSN (online) 2666-0849
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaccas.2023.101977
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  6. Article ; Online: Physical activity and TV viewing parenting practices for toddlers among South Asian and white families in the UK: born in Bradford 1000 study.

    Kwon, Soyang / Kandula, Namratha R / Tandon, Pooja S / Shah, Nilay S

    BMC public health

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 1590

    Abstract: Background: Children of South Asian (SA) origin in the UK have lower levels of physical activity (PA), compared to their White counterparts. Parents play an important role in establishing PA habits among young children. The aim of this study was to ... ...

    Abstract Background: Children of South Asian (SA) origin in the UK have lower levels of physical activity (PA), compared to their White counterparts. Parents play an important role in establishing PA habits among young children. The aim of this study was to compare PA and television (TV) viewing parenting practices for young children between SA British (SAB) and White British (WB) parents living in the UK.
    Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the Born in Bradford (BiB) 1000 study, using survey data at child ages 24 and 36 months. The study sample included three groups of mothers (n = 1,149): foreign-born SAB (n = 458), UK-born SAB (n = 276), and WB (n = 455). Mothers completed a survey about parenting practices (i.e., PA supports, PA restrictions, TV viewing restrictions) at child age 24 months and child PA and TV viewing behaviors at child ages 24 and 36 months. Parenting practices were compared among the three groups. Multivariable linear regression analyses compared children's weekly walking frequency and daily TV viewing hours by parenting practices in the three groups.
    Results: The foreign-born SAB group showed the lowest frequencies of PA-supportive parenting practices (verbal encouragement: 3.7 ± 3.1 times/week; logistic support: 1.5 ± 1.8 times/week) and the highest frequencies of PA-restrictive parenting practices (7.8 ± 7.7 times/week) among the three groups (p < 0.01). Children of Foreign-born SAB mothers had the most frequent TV watching during a mealtime (4.0 ± 3.1 times/week) among the three groups (p < 0.01). Less frequent PA-supportive parenting practices and SA ethnicity were associated with lower walking frequency at 24 and 36 months of age among children (p < 0.01). More frequent exposure to TV at mealtimes and SA ethnicity were associated with higher TV viewing time at 24 and 36 months of age among children (p < 0.01).
    Conclusions: This study demonstrated that SAB parents, particularly those who are foreign-born, apply parenting practices for their young children that are less supportive of PA and more supportive of TV viewing, and their children have lower PA and higher TV viewing time, compared with their WB counterparts.
    MeSH term(s) Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Asian People ; Exercise ; Parenting ; United Kingdom ; White People ; Television
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2041338-5
    ISSN 1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
    ISSN (online) 1471-2458
    ISSN 1471-2458
    DOI 10.1186/s12889-023-16522-w
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  7. Article ; Online: Racial and Ethnic Differences in Mortality Related to Comorbid Heart Failure and Diabetes in the United States.

    Shah, Nilay S / Krishnamurthi, Rohan S / Yancy, Clyde W / Khan, Sadiya S

    Journal of cardiac failure

    2023  Volume 29, Issue 12, Page(s) 1683–1685

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; Heart Failure/epidemiology ; Racial Groups ; Comorbidity ; Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1281194-4
    ISSN 1532-8414 ; 1071-9164
    ISSN (online) 1532-8414
    ISSN 1071-9164
    DOI 10.1016/j.cardfail.2023.08.019
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  8. Article ; Online: Proportional Mortality From Ischemic Heart Disease Among Asian American Subgroups, From 2018 to 2020.

    Shah, Nilay S / Palaniappan, Latha P / Khan, Sadiya S

    JAMA internal medicine

    2022  Volume 182, Issue 10, Page(s) 1101–1103

    MeSH term(s) Asian ; Asian People ; Humans ; Minority Health ; Myocardial Ischemia/mortality ; White People
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2699338-7
    ISSN 2168-6114 ; 2168-6106
    ISSN (online) 2168-6114
    ISSN 2168-6106
    DOI 10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.3616
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  9. Article ; Online: The Role of Family Social Networks in Cardiovascular Health Behaviors Among Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders.

    Lam, Emily L / Kandula, Namratha R / Shah, Nilay S

    Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 5, Page(s) 2588–2599

    Abstract: Asian American, Native Hawaiians, and Other Pacific Islander (AANHPI) populations experience significant disparities in cardiovascular health. AANHPI populations also have strong, family-centered social relationships and networks. Since social networks ... ...

    Abstract Asian American, Native Hawaiians, and Other Pacific Islander (AANHPI) populations experience significant disparities in cardiovascular health. AANHPI populations also have strong, family-centered social relationships and networks. Since social networks may influence health behaviors, this review aimed to summarize research on the relationship between family social networks and cardiovascular health behaviors among AANHPI individuals. Current evidence suggests that family social network structures may play a particularly important role in smoking, dietary pattern, and physical activity behaviors among AANHPI individuals. Family networks may hinder or promote healthy behaviors through several social network mechanisms including social support, social influence, and social control. These effects vary across different AANHPI subgroups. Recommendations for future research on the role of social networks in health behaviors among AANHPI individuals are provided. Drawing on methodological advances and interventions that leverage social networks in AANHPI populations may be an avenue to improve health and reduce disparities.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Health Behavior ; Social Networking ; Asian American Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander/psychology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Health Status Disparities
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2760524-3
    ISSN 2196-8837 ; 2197-3792
    ISSN (online) 2196-8837
    ISSN 2197-3792
    DOI 10.1007/s40615-022-01438-9
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  10. Article ; Online: Addressing Asian American Misrepresentation and Underrepresentation in Research.

    Shah, Nilay S / Kandula, Namratha R

    Ethnicity & disease

    2020  Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 513–516

    Abstract: Asian Americans are the fastest growing racial/ethnic minority group in the United States and have unique, heterogenous health status and outcomes across a range of conditions between disaggregated Asian subgroups. Despite the rapid growth of this group, ...

    Abstract Asian Americans are the fastest growing racial/ethnic minority group in the United States and have unique, heterogenous health status and outcomes across a range of conditions between disaggregated Asian subgroups. Despite the rapid growth of this group, clinical and epidemiologic research lags considerably in adequately and appropriately representing Asian Americans. Too often, Asian American participants and populations are inappropriately aggregated into a single race category in research, masking important differences between ethnic subgroups. In this commentary, actionable recommendations are provided to investigators in order to enhance inclusion and representation of Asian Americans in a broad scope of research programs. Incorporating these recommendations in research planning and conduct will support health and promote health equity for these populations.
    MeSH term(s) Asian Americans/statistics & numerical data ; Biomedical Research/organization & administration ; Biomedical Research/standards ; Health Equity ; Health Status Disparities ; Humans ; Minority Health/ethnology ; Patient Selection ; Research Design ; United States/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1274267-3
    ISSN 1945-0826 ; 1049-510X
    ISSN (online) 1945-0826
    ISSN 1049-510X
    DOI 10.18865/ed.30.3.513
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