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Artikel: Assessment of Resistance Induction in Mungbean against Alternaria alternata through RNA Interference.

Abbas, Hira / Nahid, Nazia / Rehman, Muhammad Shah Nawaz Ul / Shaheen, Tayyaba / Liaquat, Sadia

2024 Band 40, Heft 1, Seite(n) 59–72

Abstract: A comprehensive survey of mungbean-growing areas was conducted to observe leaf spot disease caused by Alternaria alternata. Alternaria leaf spot symptoms were observed on the leaves. Diversity of 50 genotypes of mungbean was assessed against A. alternata ...

Abstract	A comprehensive survey of mungbean-growing areas was conducted to observe leaf spot disease caused by Alternaria alternata. Alternaria leaf spot symptoms were observed on the leaves. Diversity of 50 genotypes of mungbean was assessed against A. alternata and data on pathological traits was subjected to cluster analysis. The results showed that genotypes of mungbean were grouped into four clusters based on resistance parameters under the influence of disease. The principal component biplot demonstrated that all the disease-related parameters (% disease incidence, % disease intensity, lesion area, and % of infection) were strongly correlated with each other. Alt a 1 gene that is precisely found in Alternaria species and is responsible for virulence and pathogenicity. Alt a 1 gene was amplified using gene specific primers. The isolated pathogen produced similar symptoms when inoculated on mungbean and tobacco. The sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, a 600 bp fragment amplified using specific primers, ITS1 and ITS2 showed 100% identity with A. alternata. Potato virus X (PVX) -based silencing vector expressing Alt a 1 gene was constructed to control this pathogen through RNA interference in tobacco. Out of 50 inoculated plants, 9 showed delayed onset of disease. Furthermore, to confirm our findings at molecular level semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used. Both phenotypic and molecular investigation indicated that RNAi induced through the VIGS vector was efficacious in resisting the pathogen in the model host, Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). To the best of our knowledge, this study has been reported for the first time.
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2024-02-01
Erscheinungsland	Korea (South)
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2529195-6
ISSN	2093-9280 ; 1598-2254 ; 0256-8608
ISSN (online)	2093-9280
ISSN	1598-2254 ; 0256-8608
DOI	10.5423/PPJ.OA.03.2023.0048
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Engineering of the Fano resonance spectral response with non-Hermitian metasurfaces by navigating between exceptional point and bound states in the continuum conditions.

Liang, Yaoyao / Bochkova, Elena / Burokur, Shah Nawaz / de Lustrac, André / Benisty, Henri / Lupu, Anatole

Optics express

2024 Band 32, Heft 5, Seite(n) 7158–7170

Abstract: We address the engineering of Fano resonances and metasurfaces, by placing it in the general context of open non-Hermitian systems composed of coupled antenna-type resonators. We show that eigenfrequency solutions obtained for a particular case of ... ...

Abstract	We address the engineering of Fano resonances and metasurfaces, by placing it in the general context of open non-Hermitian systems composed of coupled antenna-type resonators. We show that eigenfrequency solutions obtained for a particular case of scattering matrix are general and valid for arbitrary antenna radiative rates, thanks to an appropriate transformation of parametric space by simple linear expansion and rotation. We provide evidence that Parity-Time symmetry phase transition path and bound states in continuum (BIC) path represent the natural axis of universal scattering matrix solutions in this parametric coupling-detuning plane and determine the main characteristics of Fano resonance. Specifically, we demonstrate the control of asymmetry and sharpness of Fano resonance through navigation between BIC and PT-symmetric phase transition exceptional point. In particular, we demonstrate a fully symmetric Fano resonance in a system of two coupled bright and dark mode resonators. This result goes beyond current wisdom on this topic and demonstrates the universality of scattering matrix eigenfrequency solutions highlighted in our study. The validity of our approach is corroborated through comparison with experimental and full 3D numerical simulations results published in the literature making it thus possible to grasp a large body of experimental work carried out in this field. The detrimental impact of absorption losses on the contrast of the Fano resonance, which must be two orders of magnitude lower than the radiative losses, is also evidenced.
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2024-03-04
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1491859-6
ISSN	1094-4087 ; 1094-4087
ISSN (online)	1094-4087
ISSN	1094-4087
DOI	10.1364/OE.514905
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel: Raptor Research in India: Inadequate Data and Species' Status Uncertainty for Many Species

Mahananda, Pranjal / Jelil, Shah Nawaz / Saikia, Malabika Kakati

Journal of raptor research. 2022 May 6, v. 56, no. 2

2022

Abstract: Despite the recent surge in ornithological research in South Asia, raptors remain poorly studied. Inadequate information on the regional status and ecology of birds of prey hinders development of effective conservation measures. Our meta-analysis that ... ...

Titelübersetzung	Investigación Sobre Aves Rapaces en India: Datos Inadecuados e Incertidumbre Sobre el Estatus de Muchas Especies
Abstract	Despite the recent surge in ornithological research in South Asia, raptors remain poorly studied. Inadequate information on the regional status and ecology of birds of prey hinders development of effective conservation measures. Our meta-analysis that focused on trends of scientific research on diurnal raptors in India found 478 published articles on 78 raptor species. We used the online databases of Google Scholar, Scopus, and the Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society to develop regional research and conservation priority indices (RCPI) for raptors, using the tool originally developed by Buechley et al. (Diversity and Distributions 25:856–869, 2019) for the raptors of the world. Published literature on raptors in India was highly skewed; most were either anecdotal reports about common species, or studies focused on vultures, whose local extirpations received significant attention. Twenty-one raptor species, of which two are near threatened and three vulnerable, were specifically studied in fewer than five publications. Even many common species are similarly poorly studied. The regional raptor RCPI was highest for the Andaman Serpent-Eagle (Spilornis elgini; 0.71) and lowest for Black Kites (Milvus migrans; 0.11). Several species that received high priority scores are vulnerable to extirpation due to factors such as habitat loss, poisoning, electrocutions, and other threats. We conclude that assessment of the species-bias in published studies will help researchers identify and address the knowledge gaps. This will ultimately help conservationists and managers devise effective regional and country-specific management strategies. We recommend further regional contextualization of the RCPI.
Schlagwörter	Milvus migrans ; birds of prey ; habitat destruction ; meta-analysis ; natural history ; uncertainty ; India
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2022-0506
Umfang	p. 201-211.
Erscheinungsort	Raptor Research Foundation
Dokumenttyp	Artikel
ZDB-ID	2458104-5
ISSN	0892-1016
ISSN	0892-1016
DOI	10.3356/JRR-21-00006
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel ; Online: Efficient beam splitting using zero-load-impedance metagratings: publisher's note.

Tan, Zhen / Yi, Jianjia / Popov, Vladislav / Burokur, Shah Nawaz

Optics letters

2023 Band 48, Heft 13, Seite(n) 3616

Abstract: This publisher's note contains corrections to Opt. Lett.48, 3275 (2023)10.1364/OL.491711. ...

Abstract	This publisher's note contains corrections to Opt. Lett.48, 3275 (2023)10.1364/OL.491711.
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2023-06-30
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ISSN	1539-4794
ISSN (online)	1539-4794
DOI	10.1364/OL.498293
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Efficient beam splitting using zero-load-impedance metagratings.

Tan, Zhen / Yi, Jianjia / Popov, Vladislav / Burokur, Shah Nawaz

Optics letters

2023 Band 48, Heft 12, Seite(n) 3275–3278

Abstract: Metagratings with zero load impedance are proposed to achieve efficient beam splitting. Different from previously proposed metagratings that require specific capacitive and/or inductive structures to achieve load impedance, the metagrating proposed here ... ...

Abstract	Metagratings with zero load impedance are proposed to achieve efficient beam splitting. Different from previously proposed metagratings that require specific capacitive and/or inductive structures to achieve load impedance, the metagrating proposed here consists solely of simple microstrip-line structures. Such a structure overcomes the implementation constraints such that low-cost fabrication technology can be applied for metagratings operating at higher frequencies. The detailed theoretical design procedure is presented together with numerical optimizations to achieve the specific design parameters. Finally, several reflection-type beam-splitting devices with different pointing angles are designed, simulated, and experimentally measured. The results show very high performance at 30 GHz, paving the way to simple and low-cost printed circuit board (PCB) metagratings at millimeter-wave and higher frequencies.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Electric Impedance ; Equipment Design
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2023-06-16
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ISSN	1539-4794
ISSN (online)	1539-4794
DOI	10.1364/OL.491711
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Implications of Farmer’s Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change in Agricultural Sector of Gujarat

Ajay Kumar Singh / Sanjeev Kumar / Shah Nawaz Ashraf / Bhim Jyoti

Research on World Agricultural Economy, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 42-

Experience from Farm Level Data

2022 Band 57

Abstract: This study examined the farmer’s perception on climate change and adaptation strategies to mitigate the adverse effect of climate change in the agricultural sector of Gujarat. It used farm level information of 400 farmers who were purposely selected from ...

Abstract	This study examined the farmer’s perception on climate change and adaptation strategies to mitigate the adverse effect of climate change in the agricultural sector of Gujarat. It used farm level information of 400 farmers who were purposely selected from 8 districts. Thereupon, linear, non-linear and log-linear production function models were used to examine the impact of climate change, farmer’s adaptation strategies and technological change on agricultural production in Gujarat. The descriptive and empirical results specify that adaptation strategies (i.e., change in showing time of crops, mixed cropping pattern, irrigation facilities, application of green and organic fertilizer, hybrid varieties of seeds, dampening of seed before planting, climate tolerate crops, organic farming and technology) have a positive impact on agricultural production. Thus, farmer’s adaptation strategies are useful to mitigate the negative impact of climate change in the agricultural sector. Maximum temperature and minimum temperature, precipitation and rainfall have a negative impact on agricultural production. However, the impact of these factors seemed positive in the agricultural sector when farmers apply aforementioned adaptation strategies in cultivation. Family size, education level of farmers, annual income of farmers, arable land, irrigated area, cost of technology, appropriate technology and financial support from government have a positive contribution to increase agricultural production in Gujarat.
Schlagwörter	adaptation strategies ; agricultural sector ; technology ; climate change ; gujarat ; india ; mitigation approach ; Agriculture ; S ; Agricultural industries ; HD9000-9495
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Verlag	Nan Yang Academy of Sciences Pte Ltd
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
Datenquelle	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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Artikel ; Online: Metagrating absorber: design and implementation.

Boust, Fabrice / Lepetit, Thomas / Burokur, Shah Nawaz

Optics letters

2022 Band 47, Heft 20, Seite(n) 5305–5308

Abstract: The extent to which the introduction of subwavelength spatial modulation of electromagnetic properties improves absorption performances is studied. The proposed absorber represents an evolution from the Salisbury screen, whereby the uniform resistive ... ...

Abstract	The extent to which the introduction of subwavelength spatial modulation of electromagnetic properties improves absorption performances is studied. The proposed absorber represents an evolution from the Salisbury screen, whereby the uniform resistive layer is replaced by a metagrating. A periodic supercell that supports only the specular reflection is first designed, and load impedances are then engineered to suppress this diffraction mode. To experimentally demonstrate the concept, four prototypes are fabricated and tested in the microwave domain around 10 GHz. Furthermore, the performances assessed by a merit factor derived from Rozanov's bound show that the use of metagratings opens up good perspectives for improving the state of the art. Our findings can pave the way toward the development of high performance absorbers for applications across a broad frequency spectrum.
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2022-10-14
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ISSN	1539-4794
ISSN (online)	1539-4794
DOI	10.1364/OL.470149
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Electronic Beam-Scanning Antenna Based on a Reconfigurable Phase-Modulated Metasurface.

Zouhdi, Zakaria / Ratni, Badreddine / Burokur, Shah Nawaz

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Band 22, Heft 13

Abstract: Metasurfaces (MSs) have enabled the emergence of new ideas and solutions in the design of antennas and for the control of electromagnetic waves. In this work, we propose to design a directional high-gain reconfigurable planar antenna based on a phase- ... ...

Abstract	Metasurfaces (MSs) have enabled the emergence of new ideas and solutions in the design of antennas and for the control of electromagnetic waves. In this work, we propose to design a directional high-gain reconfigurable planar antenna based on a phase-modulated metasurface. Reconfigurability is achieved by integrating varactor diodes into the elementary meta-atoms composing the metasurface. As a proof of concept, a metasurface prototype that operates around 5 GHz is designed and fabricated to be tested in an antenna configuration. The metasurface is flexibly controlled by different bias voltages applied to the varactor diodes, thus allowing the user to control its phase characteristics. By assigning judiciously calculated phase profiles to the metasurface illuminated by a feeding primary source, different scenarios of far-field patterns can be considered. Different phase profiles are tested, allowing us to, firstly, achieve a highly directive boresight radiation and, secondly, to steer the main radiated beam towards an off-normal direction. The whole design process is verified by numerical simulations and is validated experimentally by far-field antenna measurements. The proposed metasurface enables the design of directive flat antennas with beam-scanning characteristics without complex feeding systems and power-consuming phase shifters, and thus provides potential interests for next generation antenna hardware.
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2022-07-01
Erscheinungsland	Switzerland
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s22134990
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Dissertation / Habilitation ; Online: Ecological engineering with oysters for coastal resilience

Chowdhury, Mohammed Shah Nawaz

Habitat suitability, bioenergetics, and ecosystem services

2019

Abstract: Ecosystem based coastal management has gained in interest over the last decades. Development was achieved by incorporating different ecosystems services into coastal protection that can deal with threats related to climate change, such as accelerating ... ...

Abstract	Ecosystem based coastal management has gained in interest over the last decades. Development was achieved by incorporating different ecosystems services into coastal protection that can deal with threats related to climate change, such as accelerating sea level rise and increased storminess. The ecosystem-based approach not only tries to minimize anthropogenic impacts of coastal protection infrastructures on ecosystems but also aims at offering possibilities to enhance ecosystem functioning and resilience. Natural coastal ecosystems, such as biogenic reefs, dunes, beaches and tidal wetlands have potential value in protecting the coast from erosion and waves, with the benefit that these systems have some ability to self-repair and adapt in changing climate. The use of sustainable ecosystems that integrate human society with its natural environment for the beneﬁt of both is called ecological engineering. It attempts to combine engineering principles with ecological processes to reduce environmental impacts from built infrastructure. Certain key species inhabiting those coastal habitats are known as ecosystem engineers. A number of ecosystem engineers such as coral reefs, reef forming bivalves, vegetation of kelps and seagrasses, marshes and mangroves are known to play engineering roles in shallow estuarine and coastal areas. Reef forming bivalves that occur in coastal waters can attenuate erosive wave energies, stabilize sediments and reduce marsh retreat. Oysters are commonly said to be ecosystem engineers as they form structures that influence the environment around them in ways that are beneficial to other species. There is a positive feedback of oyster reefs on the settlement of new recruits which makes the reefs self-sustaining. They provide a variety of ecologically and economically valuable goods and services. Oyster reefs serve as natural coastal buffers, absorbing wave energy directed at shorelines and reducing erosion from boat wakes, sea level rise, and storms. Given adequate recruitment and survival, ...
Schlagwörter	Life Science
Thema/Rubrik (Code)	551
Sprache	Englisch
Verlag	Wageningen University
Erscheinungsland	nl
Dokumenttyp	Dissertation / Habilitation ; Online
Datenquelle	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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Artikel ; Online: Epidermal growth factor outperforms placebo in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer

Fazal Rahim / Shah Nawaz / Yao Ming / Nida Bibi / Zafar Ullah Khan / Jawad Ali Shah / Xie Yan

F1000Research, Vol

a meta-analysis [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]

2023 Band 11

Abstract: Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a life-threatening ailment caused by diabetes. Several growth factors, as well as their various combinations, have shown promising effect in aiding diabetic foot ulcer. However, contradictory or paradoxical ... ...

Abstract	Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a life-threatening ailment caused by diabetes. Several growth factors, as well as their various combinations, have shown promising effect in aiding diabetic foot ulcer. However, contradictory or paradoxical results are often available, and debates about this issue are ongoing. Therefore, a comprehensive meta-analysis was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and placebo in healing diabetic foot ulcers. Methods: The database search included relevant English literature from Cochrane Library, PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier, and EMBASE that was published between 2009 and 2021. Inclusion criteria included type 1 and 2 diabetic patients with foot wounds focusing on complete healing rate. Exclusion criteria included combined therapy, non-human studies, reviews, and protocols. To assess the quality of each study, biases regarding random sequence generation, allocation concealment, participant and personnel blinding, outcome assessment blinding and incomplete outcome data were thoroughly identified. Results: Eight randomized control trials comprising 620 patients (337 in EGF group, 283 in placebo group), were included in this meta-analysis. EGF achieved a significantly higher complete healing rate than placebo after four weeks of treatment, with relative risk (RR): 3.04 (0.50, 18.44) and heterogeneity (Chi2 = 6.46, df = 2 (P = 0.04) I2 = 69 %). Notably, the healing frequency in the placebo group was 17%, whereas the healing frequency in the epidermal growth factor group was 34%. Likewise, after eight weeks of treatment, the relative risk and heterogeneity were RR: 2.59 (1.42, 4.72) and (Chi2 =7.92, df= 4 (p= 0.09): I2= 49%), respectively. Moreover, the risk ratio at 12 weeks was RR: 1.01 (0.42, 2.46), and heterogeneity was (Chi2 =8.55, df= 2 (p= 0.01): I2= 77%). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that EGF significantly promotes wound healing, and could be recommended as an effective and safe treatment for DFUs.
Schlagwörter	Diabetic foot ulcer ; epidermal growth factor ; Placebo ; Meta-analysis ; eng ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Thema/Rubrik (Code)	306
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Verlag	F1000 Research Ltd
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
Datenquelle	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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