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Article ; Online: تبديد وهم القداسة الجانب المضمر في النهضة الحسينية

Shahid Karim Mohamed

مجلة ابحاث ميسان, Vol 17, Iss

2021 Volume 33

Abstract: يتغيا هذا البحث منح مزيد من الاهتمام للجانب المضمر الذي استهدفه الإمام الحسين(ع) في مشروعه الإصلاحي الكبير، ألا وهو وهم القداسة، سواءً لمفهوم الجماعة الذي تذرع البعض بعدم جواز مخالفته أو الخروج عليه وتبديده، باستجلاب نصوص قرآنية مؤولة بتكلف وسذاجة واضحة، ...

Abstract	يتغيا هذا البحث منح مزيد من الاهتمام للجانب المضمر الذي استهدفه الإمام الحسين(ع) في مشروعه الإصلاحي الكبير، ألا وهو وهم القداسة، سواءً لمفهوم الجماعة الذي تذرع البعض بعدم جواز مخالفته أو الخروج عليه وتبديده، باستجلاب نصوص قرآنية مؤولة بتكلف وسذاجة واضحة، أو نصوص حديثية تبدو عليها آثار الوضع والافتعال، أو كانت هذه القداسة متعلقة بالسلطة الحاكمة بعدها ضابطة لهذا الاجماع ومحافظة عليه، أو بعدها هي الأخرى قيمة قدسية عليا تستمد هيمنتها من منظور خلافة النبي(ص)ومصادقة الجماعة الإسلامية عليها ومبايعتها لها، وهي في كل الأحوال قداسة موهومة انتجها وركز تواجدها بشكلها المطلق فعل الإسلام التاريخي-الخلافي. وهنا تتسع زاوية النظر للنهضة الحسينية، لتتناول بعدين متداخلين وربما متعاكسين في آن واحد، وهما الهدف الصريح والمباشر ممثلاً بمواجهة السلطة الأموية، والهدف القابع خلف هذه المواجهة، وهو البنية المفاهيمية للإسلام التاريخي أو الصورة المشوه للإسلام، سواء في جبهته الأموية أو في جبهته المجتمعية(عموم الجماعة الإسلامية باستثناء صحابة الإمام).
Keywords	نهضة الإمام الحسين ; التاريخ الإسلامي ; هم القداسة ; الجانب المضمر ; Social Sciences ; H ; Education ; L ; Auxiliary sciences of history ; C
Language	Arabic
Publishing date	2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	collage of education / university of Misan
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A mechanistic insight into cytokines and growth factors in saudi pomegranate peel extract (Punica granatum L.) mediated diabetic wound healing in alloxan induced diabetic rats

Shahid Karim / Mohammad Imran Khan / Aftab Ahmad

Journal of King Saud University: Science, Vol 35, Iss 10, Pp 102952- (2023)

2023

Abstract: Introduction: Present study was designed to understand the role of inflammatory markers and growth factors in later stage of wound healing after treatment with SPPE on wound in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methodology: The study was performed by ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Present study was designed to understand the role of inflammatory markers and growth factors in later stage of wound healing after treatment with SPPE on wound in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methodology: The study was performed by inducing diabetes in wistar rats using alloxan at 150 mg/kg, subcutaneously. The animals were allocated in three groups: Group 1- diabetic excision wound (DEW) without any treatment, Group 2- DEW treated with gel vehicle only, Group 3- DEW treated with 5 %SPPE containing gel. During the treatment period of twenty-one days animals were monitored based on clinical signs, morbidity, and mortality. Percent wound contraction, Growth factors (VEGF, and EGF), proinflammatory markers TNF- α, IL-1β, MCP-1, IL-4, and IL-17a, anti-inflammatory marker IL-10 in wound lysates, and histology of skin were all considered as indicators of effectiveness. Results: The vehicle control when compared with the SPPE in gel (5.0 g extract per 100 g of gel) presented significant [p < 0.001] wound healing activity at day 14 and 21 of treatment. Throughout the treatment period the animals were normal and showed no comparable difference in terms of body weight both in group 1 and treatment groups. Both growth factors VEGF & EGF levels were significantly increased in SPPE gel treated wounds on day 14 and 21 compared to Group 2. Other inflammatory markers like TNF- α, IL-1 β and IL-17a were also significantly decreased in SPPE treated wounds as compared to other groups. Conclusions: This study concludes that topical application of SPPE gel to alloxan-induced diabetic wounds decreases pro-inflammation markers and increases growth factors, hence promoting wound healing.
Keywords	Alloxan ; Diabetes ; Pomegranate peel extract ; Topical gel ; Wound healing ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Students’ Attitude towards Patient-Centered Care

Shahid Karim / Afifa Tabassum / Syed Imran Mehmood

Liaquat National Journal of Primary Care, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 31-

A Comparative Study between Traditional and Integrated Curriculum

2023 Volume 34

Abstract: Background: The patient being the focus of all medical sciences therapy, patient-centered care is found to be more beneficial in improving the efficacy of care. It is now being emphasized that this competency of patient-centered care should be developed ... ...

Abstract	Background: The patient being the focus of all medical sciences therapy, patient-centered care is found to be more beneficial in improving the efficacy of care. It is now being emphasized that this competency of patient-centered care should be developed at the level of undergraduate. It is hoped that with time and experience medical students may develop this competency as a reflex in their clinical practice. Data about the attitude of medical students towards patient-centered care is variable. As well as comparative data as to which curriculum (i.e. traditional versus integrated) enhances this quality is also insufficient. Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the “patient-centered care” attitude of medical students from an integrated versus traditional curriculum. Methods: A cross-sectional, comparative study was conducted at Liaquat national hospital and Medical College from June to December 2017. The sampling technique was non-probability convenience sampling. The calculated sample size was 110 participants in each group. Group A had medical students from the final year current batch and passed out batch (traditional curriculum) while Group B had medical students from current fourth and final year (Integrated curriculum). After consent, a validated questionnaire i.e. patient-physician orientation scale (PPOS) was given to students. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 23. Descriptive analysis was done to compute central tendencies and standard deviation and the Students’ t-test, was applied. A P-value of 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of 350 students participating in the study, male and female participants were 29.14% and 70.85% respectively. The mean age was 21.99 ±1.73. Traditional curricular medical students had significantly better total PPOS scores as compared with integrated curriculum students (3.45±0.51 versus 3.33±0.47, p=0.01). Females also had significantly better scores than males (3.42 versus 3.31, p=0.040). Conclusion: Results suggest that an integrated medical ...
Keywords	patient-centered care ; traditional curriculum ; integrated curriculum ; medical students ; attitude ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	420
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Ehrlichia chaffeensis Co-Opts Phagocytic Hemocytes for Systemic Dissemination in the Lone Star Tick, Amblyomma americanum

Abdulsalam Adegoke / Julia Hanson / Ryan C. Smith / Shahid Karim

Journal of Innate Immunity, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 66-

2023 Volume 79

Abstract: Introduction: Hematophagous arthropods can acquire and transmit several pathogens of medical importance. In ticks, the innate immune system is crucial in the outcome between vector-pathogen interaction and overall vector competence. However, the specific ...

Abstract	Introduction: Hematophagous arthropods can acquire and transmit several pathogens of medical importance. In ticks, the innate immune system is crucial in the outcome between vector-pathogen interaction and overall vector competence. However, the specific immune response(s) elicited by the immune cells known as hemocytes remains largely undefined in Ehrlichia chaffeensis and its competent tick vector, Amblyomma americanum. Methods: We utilized injection of clodronate liposome to deplete tick granulocytes combined with infection with E. chaffeensis to demonstrate their essential role in microbial infection. Results: Here, we show that granulocytes, professional phagocytic cells, are integral in eliciting immune responses against commensal and pathogen infection. The chemical depletion of granulocytes led to decreased phagocytic efficiency of tissue-associated hemocytes. We demonstrate that E. chaffeensis can infect circulating hemocytes, and both cell-free plasma and hemocytes from E. chaffeensis-infected ticks can establish Ehrlichia infection in recipient ticks. Lastly, we provide evidence to show that granulocytes play a dual role in E. chaffeensis infection. Depleting granulocytic hemocytes increased Ehrlichia load in the salivary gland and midgut tissues. In contrast, granulocyte depletion led to a reduced systemic load of Ehrlichia. Conclusion: This study has identified multiple roles for granulocytic hemocytes in the control and systemic dissemination of E. chaffeensis infection.
Keywords	amblyomma americanum ; ehrlichia chaffeensis ; innate immunity ; hemocytes ; granulocyte ; clodronate ; immunofluorescence ; Medicine ; R ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Karger Publishers
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Application of the SWAT model to assess climate and land use/cover change impacts on water balance components of the Kabul River Basin, Afghanistan

Jamal Hassan Ougahi / Shahid Karim / Syed Amer Mahmood

Journal of Water and Climate Change, Vol 13, Iss 11, Pp 3977-

2022 Volume 3999

Abstract: Hydrological models play a key role in simulating and assessing climate and land use/cover (LULC) change impacts on hydrology in a watershed. In this study, the impact of climate and LULC change was investigated using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool ( ... ...

Abstract	Hydrological models play a key role in simulating and assessing climate and land use/cover (LULC) change impacts on hydrology in a watershed. In this study, the impact of climate and LULC change was investigated using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The simulated and observed streamflow showed a good agreement. Both Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) and coefficient of determination (R2) were found to be greater than 0.7 during the calibration (1985–2002) and validation (2003–2012) period. The water balance components were simulated with inputs from downscaled Global Climate Models (GCMs) data (i.e., future scenario (2030–2100) relative to a baseline period (1974–2004)) under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, and hypothetical generated LULC change scenarios. All GCMs projected an increase in temperature over the Kabul River Basin (KRB), whereas there was a lack of agreement on projected precipitation among GCMs under both emission and future scenarios. Water yield (WYLD) and evapotranspiration (ET) were projected to decrease in the 21st century. Average annual WYLD was projected to increase under the agriculture-dominant scenario, whereas it decreased under forest and grassland-dominant scenarios. These results are valuable for relevant agencies and stakeholders to adopt measures to counter the negative impacts of climate and LULC change on water resources. HIGHLIGHTS The projected temperature consistently increases in the 21st century.; Most of the GCMs projected a decrease in annual and winter precipitation in the KRB.; The simulated water balance components show a higher impact by climate than LULC change scenarios.; The water yield was increased under the agriculture-dominant scenario, whereas it decreased under forest and grassland-dominant scenarios.;
Keywords	climate change ; kabul river basin ; land use change ; swat model ; water balance components ; Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ; TD1-1066 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	550 ; 333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	IWA Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Investigating social development inequality among steel industry workers in Pakistan

Shahid Karim / Kong Xiang / Abdul Hameed

PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss

A contribution to social development policies

2021 Volume 6

Abstract: Social development of workers has always been a major concern in history. This study, therefore focuses on social development inequalities among steel industry workers in one development zone (Badami Bagh area and along Sheikhupura road of Lahore) of ... ...

Abstract	Social development of workers has always been a major concern in history. This study, therefore focuses on social development inequalities among steel industry workers in one development zone (Badami Bagh area and along Sheikhupura road of Lahore) of Pakistan. A total of 225 workers were interviewed randomly following the stratified random sampling technique. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique was used to construct the socioeconomic score (SES) index. Five categories of socioeconomic index were measured using multinomial logistic regression model. A correlation matrix was calculated for PCA. Results revealed that type/size of industry has negative relation while skill level has positive relation with SES. Job status and transport facility did not reflect a significant impact to SES of workers. Correlation matrix depicted that age, experience and medical treatment have positive relation while formal education, number of dependents and distance to job showed a negative trend in relation with SES.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Investigating social development inequality among steel industry workers in Pakistan

Shahid Karim / Kong Xiang / Abdul Hameed

PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 6, p e

A contribution to social development policies.

2021 Volume 0253082

Abstract	Social development of workers has always been a major concern in history. This study, therefore focuses on social development inequalities among steel industry workers in one development zone (Badami Bagh area and along Sheikhupura road of Lahore) of Pakistan. A total of 225 workers were interviewed randomly following the stratified random sampling technique. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique was used to construct the socioeconomic score (SES) index. Five categories of socioeconomic index were measured using multinomial logistic regression model. A correlation matrix was calculated for PCA. Results revealed that type/size of industry has negative relation while skill level has positive relation with SES. Job status and transport facility did not reflect a significant impact to SES of workers. Correlation matrix depicted that age, experience and medical treatment have positive relation while formal education, number of dependents and distance to job showed a negative trend in relation with SES.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The collaborative role of blockchain, artificial intelligence, and industrial internet of things in digitalization of small and medium-size enterprises

Abdullah Ayub Khan / Asif Ali Laghari / Peng Li / Mazhar Ali Dootio / Shahid Karim

Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2023 Volume 13

Abstract: Abstract Due to digitalization, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have significantly enhanced their efficiency and productivity in the past few years. The process to automate SME transaction execution is getting highly multifaceted as the number ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Due to digitalization, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have significantly enhanced their efficiency and productivity in the past few years. The process to automate SME transaction execution is getting highly multifaceted as the number of stakeholders of SMEs is connecting, accessing, exchanging, adding, and changing the transactional executions. The balanced lifecycle of SMEs requires partnership exchanges, financial management, manufacturing, and productivity stabilities, along with privacy and security. Interoperability platform issue is another critical challenging aspect while designing and managing a secure distributed Peer-to-Peer industrial development environment for SMEs. However, till now, it is hard to maintain operations of SMEs' integrity, transparency, reliability, provenance, availability, and trustworthiness between two different enterprises due to the current nature of centralized server-based infrastructure. This paper bridges these problems and proposes a novel and secure framework with a standardized process hierarchy/lifecycle for distributed SMEs using collaborative techniques of blockchain, the internet of things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI) with machine learning (ML). A blockchain with IoT-enabled permissionless network structure is designed called “B-SMEs” that provides solutions to cross-chain platforms. In this, B-SMEs address the lightweight stakeholder authentication problems as well. For that purpose, three different chain codes are deployed. It handles participating SMEs' registration, day-to-day information management and exchange between nodes, and analysis of partnership exchange-related transaction details before being preserved on the blockchain immutable storage. Whereas AI-enabled ML-based artificial neural networks are utilized, the aim is to handle and optimize day-to-day numbers of SME transactions; so that the proposed B-SMEs consume fewer resources in terms of computational power, network bandwidth, and preservation-related issues during ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	670
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Synthesis, in silico and in vitro studies of novel quinazolinone derivatives as potential SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors

Mubarak A. Alamri / Obaid Afzal / Md Jawaid Akhtar / Shahid Karim / Mohammed Husain / Manal A. Alossaimi / Yassine Riadi

Arabian Journal of Chemistry, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 105384- (2024)

1481

Abstract: A series of new quinazolinone derivatives (5a-l) were designed as 3CL protease inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The designed derivatives were efficiently synthesized by S-alkylation/arylation of an intermediate, 6-fluoro-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2- ... ...

Abstract	A series of new quinazolinone derivatives (5a-l) were designed as 3CL protease inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The designed derivatives were efficiently synthesized by S-alkylation/arylation of an intermediate, 6-fluoro-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-mercaptoquinazolin-4(3H)-one and their successful synthesis was established by analytical methods, viz. IR, 1H NMR, & 13C NMR spectroscopy. The in silico inhibitory potential against 3CLpro of SARS-CoV-2 were studied by means of docking and dynamics simulations, and compared with the co-crystallized ligand (VR4) of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro. The compounds interacted strongly within the active catalytic dyad (Cys-His) site, thereby anticipated to obstruct the function of 3CLpro of SARS-CoV-2. Compounds 5b, 5c, 5i, 5j and 5l showed efficient binding with protease 3CLpro with XP Gscore of −7.4, −8.3, −7.8, −7.5 and −8.2 respectively. Furthermore, molecular dynamic simulation study of these compounds (5b, 5c, 5i, 5j and 5 l) showed stable interaction over 50 ns production run. Swiss ADME and pkCSM web tools showed favorable physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties and fulfilled the criteria for drug-likeness of these selected studied compounds. The toxicity determination of these selected compounds predicted that some compounds were hepatotoxic, but were not AMES toxic. Compounds 5b, 5c, 5i, 5j and 5 l revealed their inhibitory potential against the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro, and their IC50 values were attained at 1.58, 1.25, 1.97, 0.44 and 2.56 µM, respectively. In addition, these compounds were found to have devoid of any significant cytotoxicity even at a higher concentration of 20 µM against VeroE6 cells. These quinazolinone derivatives showed potent binding and inhibitory potential against SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro and may emerge as compounds that might act as prospective inhibitors.
Keywords	Quinazolinone ; SARS-CoV-2 ; 3CLpro ; Protease inhibitors ; Molecular docking ; Molecular dynamics simulation ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	540 ; 500
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Sensitivity to imidacloprid insecticide varies among some social and solitary bee species of agricultural value.

Blair Sampson / Aleš Gregorc / Mohamed Alburaki / Christopher Werle / Shahid Karim / John Adamczyk / Patricia Knight

PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 5, p e

2023 Volume 0285167

Abstract: Pollinator health risks from long-lasting neonicotinoid insecticides like imidacloprid has primarily focused on commercially managed, cavity-nesting bees in the genera Apis, Bombus, and Osmia. We expand these assessments to include 12 species of native ... ...

Abstract	Pollinator health risks from long-lasting neonicotinoid insecticides like imidacloprid has primarily focused on commercially managed, cavity-nesting bees in the genera Apis, Bombus, and Osmia. We expand these assessments to include 12 species of native and non-native crop pollinators of differing levels of body size, sociality, and floral specialization. Bees were collected throughout 2016 and 2017 from flowering blueberry, squash, pumpkin, sunflower and okra in south Mississippi, USA. Within 30-60 minutes of capture, bees were installed in bioassay cages made from transparent plastic cups and dark amber jars. Bees were fed via dental wicks saturated with 27% (1.25 M) sugar syrup containing a realistic range of sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid (0, 5, 20, or 100 ppb) that are often found in nectar. Bees displayed no visible tremors or convulsions except for a small sweat bee, Halictus ligatus, and only at 100ppb syrup. Imidacloprid shortened the captive longevities of the solitary bees. Tolerant bee species lived ~10 to 12 days in the bioassays and included two social and one solitary species: Halictus ligatus, Apis mellifera and Ptilothrix bombiformis (rose mallow bees), respectively. No other bee species tolerated imidacloprid as well as honey bees did, which exhibited no appreciable mortality and only modest paralysis across concentration. In contrast, native bees either lived shorter lives, experienced longer paralysis, or endured both. Overall, longevity decreased with concentration linearly for social bees and non-linearly for solitary species. The percentage of a bee's captive lifespan spent paralyzed increased logarithmically with concentration for all species, although bumble bees suffered longest. Of greatest concern was comparable debilitation of agriculturally valuable solitary bees at both low and high sublethal rates of imidacloprid.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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