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Article: Characteristic features and comparative analysis of essential oil composition of selected genus of

Sharma, Prerna / Upadhyaya, Kumud

2023 Volume 60, Issue 1, Page(s) 94–100

Abstract: Background & objectives: The main aim of this research is to provide literature on the Ocimum plant, and to know the significance of the Ocimum species carried out by pharmacognostic study and experimental design for GC-MS. Ocimum genus are very ... ...

Abstract	Background & objectives: The main aim of this research is to provide literature on the Ocimum plant, and to know the significance of the Ocimum species carried out by pharmacognostic study and experimental design for GC-MS. Ocimum genus are very important for their therapeutic potential among the most important aromatic herbs. Methods: Extreme attention has been put on literature reports in which the utilization of tulsi and their pharmacognostic study has been done by performing morphological and microscopic leaf experimental design and by using essential oil through the GC-MS instrumentation method. Results: The utilization of these characteristics would be important for the drug discovery scientist to develop a specific formulation of the crude drug, which will be a magical therapeutic agent in the future, with many advantages. GC-MS chromatogram of Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum canum, and Ocimum gratissimum oil showed major peaks and has been identified after comparison of the mass spectra with the NIST library, indicating the presence of three phytocomponents. From the results, the GC-MS study suggested that anethole which is well reported antimicrobial compound is more in O. canum (2.66%) in comparison to O. sanctum (1,28%) but absent in O. gratissimum. The results indicated that the antimicrobial activity is more in O. canum due to the presence ofa high amount of anethole in comparison to O. gratissimum and O. sanctum. Interpretation & conclusion: The result revealed that O. canum has a microscopic character that can be identified by the characteristic GC MS analysis of extracts to distinguish between different species of the ocimum plant.
MeSH term(s)	Oils, Volatile/analysis ; Ocimum sanctum ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Ocimum
Chemical Substances	Oils, Volatile ; holy basil leaf extract (SCJ765569P) ; anethole (Q3JEK5DO4K)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-21
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2161218-3
ISSN	0972-9062
ISSN	0972-9062
DOI	10.4103/0972-9062.331404
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of physiochemical and biomedical properties of psyllium-poly(vinyl phosphonic acid-co-acrylamide)-cl-N,N-methylene bis acrylamide based hydrogels.

Sharma, Prerna / Singh, Jasvir / Singh, Baljit

International journal of biological macromolecules

2024 Volume 260, Issue Pt 2, Page(s) 129546

Abstract: Present investigation deals with the synthesis of psyllium based copolymeric hydrogels and evaluation of their physiochemical and biomedical properties. These copolymers have been prepared by grafting of poly(vinyl phosphonic acid) (poly (VPA)) and poly( ... ...

Abstract	Present investigation deals with the synthesis of psyllium based copolymeric hydrogels and evaluation of their physiochemical and biomedical properties. These copolymers have been prepared by grafting of poly(vinyl phosphonic acid) (poly (VPA)) and poly(acrylamide) (poly(AAm)) onto psyllium in the presence of crosslinker N,N-methylene bis acrylamide (NNMBA). These copolymers [psyllium-poly(VPA-co-AAm)-cl-NNMBA] were characterized by field emission-scanning electron micrographs (FE-SEM), electron dispersion X-ray analysis (EDAX), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),
MeSH term(s)	Acrylamide/chemistry ; Psyllium/chemistry ; Hydrogels/chemistry ; Acrylamides/chemistry ; Polymers/chemistry ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared/methods ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Phosphorous Acids
Chemical Substances	Acrylamide (20R035KLCI) ; Psyllium (8063-16-9) ; phosphonic acid (13598-36-2) ; Hydrogels ; N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (EDK4RIE19C) ; Acrylamides ; Polymers ; Phosphorous Acids
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-19
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	282732-3
ISSN	1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
ISSN (online)	1879-0003
ISSN	0141-8130
DOI	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129546
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Article ; Online: Dietary n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids differentially modulate the adiponectin and leptinmediated major signaling pathways in visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissue in high fat diet induced obesity in Wistar rats

Sharma, Prerna / Bhandari, Chetna / Agnihotri, Navneet

Nutrition Research. 2023 Feb., v. 110 p.74-86

2023

Abstract: Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease that involves excessive accumulation of fat in white adipose tissue (WAT). Apart from storing excess fats, WAT also serves as an important endocrine organ secreting adipocytokines such as adiponectin and leptin. ... ...

Abstract	Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease that involves excessive accumulation of fat in white adipose tissue (WAT). Apart from storing excess fats, WAT also serves as an important endocrine organ secreting adipocytokines such as adiponectin and leptin. Adiponectin and leptin bind to their transmembrane receptors adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1)/adiponectin receptor 2 (AdipoR2) and Ob-R, respectively, and mediate their effect on metabolism by regulating multiple downstream targets. Dietary fat is considered the main culprit behind obesity development. Numerous preclinical studies have highlighted role of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly n-3 PUFAs, in prevention of obesity. Despite emerging data, there still is no clear understanding of the mechanism of action of n-3 PUFAs and n-6 PUFAs on adipose tissue function in two functionally and anatomically different depots of WAT: visceral and subcutaneous. We designed this study using a high fat diet (HFD) fed rodent model of obesity to test our hypothesis that n-3 and n-6 PUFAs possibly differentially modulate adipokine secretion and downstream metabolic pathways such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), protein kinase B (AKT)-forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription in obesity. The results of the current study showed that n-3 PUFAs upregulate the expression of AdipoR1/R2 and ameliorate the effects of HFD by modulating adipogenesis via PPAR-γ and by improving glucose tolerance and lipid metabolism via AKT-FOXO1 axis in fish oil fed rats. However, n-6 PUFAs did not show any remarkable change compared with HFD fed animals. Our study highlights that n-3 PUFAs modulate expression of various targets in adiponectin and leptin signaling cascade, bringing about an overall reduction in obesity and improvement in adipose tissue function in HFD induced obesity.
Keywords	adipogenesis ; adiponectin ; adiponectin receptors ; animal models ; dietary fat ; fish oils ; glucose tolerance ; high fat diet ; leptin ; lipid metabolism ; mechanism of action ; metabolic diseases ; non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase ; nutrition research ; obesity ; omega-3 fatty acids ; omega-6 fatty acids ; secretion ; transactivators ; white adipose tissue ; Corn oil ; Fish oil ; n-3 PUFAs ; n-6 PUFAs ; High fat diet induced obesity ; Visceral white adipose tissue ; Subcutaneous white adipose tissue ; AdipoR1 ; AdipoR2 ; AKT ; AMPK ; C ; CO ; EPA ; FO ; FOXO1 ; HFD ; JAK-2 ; NF-κB ; Ob-R ; PGC1α ; PPAR ; PUFA ; STAT3 ; SWAT ; UCP1 ; VWAT ; WAT
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-02
Size	p. 74-86.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	582432-1
ISSN	1879-0739 ; 0271-5317
ISSN (online)	1879-0739
ISSN	0271-5317
DOI	10.1016/j.nutres.2022.12.004
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Article: Phenomenological analysis of maladaptive daydreaming associated with internet gaming addiction: a case report.

Sharma, Prerna / Mahapatra, Ananya

General psychiatry

2021 Volume 34, Issue 2, Page(s) e100419

Abstract: Maladaptive daydreaming (MD) is an immersive fantasy activity that leads to distress and socio-occupational dysfunction. MD has many features suggestive of behavioural addiction, but research exploring the phenomenology of this clinical construct is ... ...

Abstract	Maladaptive daydreaming (MD) is an immersive fantasy activity that leads to distress and socio-occupational dysfunction. MD has many features suggestive of behavioural addiction, but research exploring the phenomenology of this clinical construct is limited. MD has also been purported to be a maladaptive strategy to cope with distress, but often leads to uncontrollable absorption in fantasy world, social withdrawal and neglected aspects of everyday life. In this paper, we report the case of a 16-year-old boy who developed internet gaming disorder and MD after experiencing cyberbullying from his peers. The patient engaged in vivid, fanciful imagery that lasted for hours, leading to social dysfunction and academic deterioration. Baseline assessment revealed a Maladaptive Daydreaming Scale-16 score of 65 (cut-off 50) and an Internet Gaming Test-20 score of 86 (cut-off 71). The patient was managed primarily with psychological intervention. The therapy focused on behaviour modification and cognitive restructuring. Patients in clinical setting should be questioned about MD when presenting with excessive use of technology or other forms of behavioural addictions. Further studies are necessary to determine the biopsychosocial factors of MD and its correlates. There is also a need to study treatment and management approaches for treating MD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2941976-1
ISSN	2517-729X ; 2517-729X ; 2096-5923
ISSN (online)	2517-729X
ISSN	2517-729X ; 2096-5923
DOI	10.1136/gpsych-2020-100419
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Article: Case series associated with COVID-19 pandemic in causing psychiatric morbidity.

Mahapatra, Ananya / Sharma, Prerna

General psychiatry

2021 Volume 34, Issue 1, Page(s) e100343

Abstract: The COVID-19 has emerged as a public health emergency across the globe. Countries all over the world have been forced to enforce nationwide lockdowns to curb the transmission of this illness, affecting millions of people. The disorder and the lockdowns ... ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 has emerged as a public health emergency across the globe. Countries all over the world have been forced to enforce nationwide lockdowns to curb the transmission of this illness, affecting millions of people. The disorder and the lockdowns enforced have resulted in a complex set of psychosocial stressors in the lives of people, affecting their resilience and causing psychological stress and mental health issues. In this case series, we aim to highlight the role of such psychosocial stressors in causing mental health problems, especially in a vulnerable individual. The first case reports the onset of first-episode mania in a healthy individual with a family history of mental illness, after the sudden demise of the patient's mother due to COVID-19. The second case highlights the onset of psychosis in an adolescent girl following academic stress due to the inability to carry on her education through online classes. The third case demonstrates the exacerbation of dissociative episodes in a child following the financial crisis in the family during the lockdown period. In low-income to middle-income countries such as India, there is a complex interplay of the psychosocial stressors due to the COVID-19 pandemic with pre-existing issues such as poverty, socioeconomic disparity and inequity of resources leading to a 'double hit' for people from disadvantaged sections of the society and individuals with pre-existing mental illness or vulnerability for mental illness.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2941976-1
ISSN	2517-729X ; 2517-729X ; 2096-5923
ISSN (online)	2517-729X
ISSN	2517-729X ; 2096-5923
DOI	10.1136/gpsych-2020-100343
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Article ; Online: Data-driven classification of individual cells by their non-Markovian motion.

Klimek, Anton / Mondal, Debasmita / Block, Stephan / Sharma, Prerna / Netz, Roland R

Biophysical journal

2024

Abstract: We present a method to differentiate organisms solely by their motion based on the generalized Langevin equation (GLE) and use it to distinguish two different swimming modes of strongly confined unicellular microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The GLE ... ...

Abstract	We present a method to differentiate organisms solely by their motion based on the generalized Langevin equation (GLE) and use it to distinguish two different swimming modes of strongly confined unicellular microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The GLE is a general model for active or passive motion of organisms and particles that can be derived from a time-dependent general many-body Hamiltonian and in particular includes non-Markovian effects (i.e., the trajectory memory of its past). We extract all GLE parameters from individual cell trajectories and perform an unbiased cluster analysis to group them into different classes. For the specific cell population employed in the experiments, the GLE-based assignment into the two different swimming modes works perfectly, as checked by control experiments. The classification and sorting of single cells and organisms is important in different areas; our method, which is based on motion trajectories, offers wide-ranging applications in biology and medicine.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218078-9
ISSN	1542-0086 ; 0006-3495
ISSN (online)	1542-0086
ISSN	0006-3495
DOI	10.1016/j.bpj.2024.03.023
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Article ; Online: Anionic surfactant causes dual conformational changes in insulin.

Khan, Javed Masood / Malik, Ajamaluddin / Sharma, Prerna / Fatima, Sadaf

International journal of biological macromolecules

2023 Volume 247, Page(s) 125790

Abstract: Amyloid fibrillation is a process by which proteins aggregate and form insoluble fibrils that are implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases. In n this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of the negatively charged detergent sodium dodecyl ... ...

Abstract	Amyloid fibrillation is a process by which proteins aggregate and form insoluble fibrils that are implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases. In n this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of the negatively charged detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on insulin amyloid fibrillation at pH 7.4 and 2.0, as SDS has been linked to the acceleration of amyloid fibrillation in vitro, but the underlying molecular mechanism is not fully understood. Our findings show that insulin forms amyloid-like aggregates in the presence of SDS at concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 1.8 mM at pH 2.0, while no aggregates were observed at SDS concentrations greater than 1.8 mM, and insulin remained soluble. However, at pH 7.4, insulin remained soluble regardless of the concentration of SDS. Interestingly, the aggregated insulin had a cross-β sheet secondary structure, and when incubated with higher SDS concentrations, it gained more alpha-helix. The electrostatics and hydrophobic interaction of SDS and insulin may contribute to amyloid induction. Moreover, the SDS-induced aggregation was not affected by the presence of salts. Furthermore, as the concentration of SDS increased, the preformed insulin amyloid induced by SDS began to disintegrate. Overall, our study sheds light on the mechanism of surfactant-induced amyloid fibrillation in insulin protein.
MeSH term(s)	Insulin ; Surface-Active Agents/pharmacology ; Surface-Active Agents/chemistry ; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate/chemistry ; Amyloid/chemistry ; Amyloidogenic Proteins
Chemical Substances	Insulin ; Surface-Active Agents ; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (368GB5141J) ; Amyloid ; Amyloidogenic Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	282732-3
ISSN	1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
ISSN (online)	1879-0003
ISSN	0141-8130
DOI	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125790
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Article ; Online: Force transmission during repose of flexible granular chains.

Bhat, Mohd Ilyas / Sharma, Prerna / Sitharam, T G / Murthy, Tejas G

Soft matter

2023 Volume 19, Issue 44, Page(s) 8493–8506

Abstract: We study the mechanics of standing columns formed during the repose of flexible granular chains. It is one of the many intriguing behaviours exhibited by granular materials when links capable of transmitting tension exist between particles. We develop ... ...

Abstract	We study the mechanics of standing columns formed during the repose of flexible granular chains. It is one of the many intriguing behaviours exhibited by granular materials when links capable of transmitting tension exist between particles. We develop and calibrate a discrete element method contact model to simulate the mechanics of the macroscopic flexible granular chains and conduct simulations of the angle of repose experiments of these chains by extracting a chain-filled cylinder and allowing the material to flow out under gravity and repose. We evaluate various micro-mechanical, topological and macroscopic parameters to elucidate the mechanics of the repose behaviour of chain ensembles. It is the ability of the links connecting the individual particles to transmit tensile forces along the chain backbone that provides lateral stability to the column, enabling them to stand. In particular, the contact force rearrangement inside the columns generates a self-confining radial stress near the base of the columns, which provides an important stabilizing stress.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2191476-X
ISSN	1744-6848 ; 1744-683X
ISSN (online)	1744-6848
ISSN	1744-683X
DOI	10.1039/d3sm00526g
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Article: Neuropalliative Care in India - Barriers, Challenges and Future Directions.

Baruah, Upasana / Sharma, Prerna / Thomas, Priya Treesa / Dhamija, Rajinder K

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology

2023 Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 107–111

Abstract: Neuropalliative care is an emerging sub-specialty of neurology and palliative care that aims to relieve suffering from symptoms, reduce distress and improve the quality of life of people with life-limiting neurological conditions and their family ... ...

Abstract	Neuropalliative care is an emerging sub-specialty of neurology and palliative care that aims to relieve suffering from symptoms, reduce distress and improve the quality of life of people with life-limiting neurological conditions and their family caregivers. As advances are being made in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of neurological illnesses, there is an increasing need to guide and support patients and their families through complex choices involving immense uncertainty and important life-changing outcomes. The unmet need for palliative care in neurological illnesses is high, especially in a low-resource setting like India. This article discusses the scope of neuropalliative care in India, the barriers and challenges that impede the specialty's development, and the factors that could facilitate the development and scale-up delivery of neuropalliative services. The article also attempts to highlight priority areas for advancing neuropalliative care in India which include context-specific assessment tools, sensitization of the healthcare system, identification of intervention outcomes, the need for developing culturally sensitive models based on home-based or community-based care, evidence-based practices, and development of manpower and training resources.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-17
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2240174-X
ISSN	1998-3549 ; 0972-2327
ISSN (online)	1998-3549
ISSN	0972-2327
DOI	10.4103/aian.aian_1021_22
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Article ; Online: Supersaturation Behavior: Investigation of Polymers Impact on Nucleation Kinetic Profile for Rationalizing the Polymeric Precipitation Inhibitors.

Handa, Uditi / Malik, Anuj / Guarve, Kumar / Rani, Nidhi / Sharma, Prerna

Current drug delivery

2023

Abstract: Background: Although nucleation kinetic data is quite important for the concept of supersaturation behavior, its part in rationalizing the crystallization inhibitor has not been well understood.: Objective: This study aimed to investigate the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Although nucleation kinetic data is quite important for the concept of supersaturation behavior, its part in rationalizing the crystallization inhibitor has not been well understood. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the nucleation kinetic profile of Dextromethorphan HBr (as an ideal drug, BCS-II) by measuring liquid-liquid phase segregation, nucleation induction time, and Metastable Zone width. Methods: Surfeit action was examined by a superfluity assay of the drug. The concentration was scrutinized by light scattering techniques (UV spectrum (novel method) and Fluorometer (CL 53)). Results: The drug induction time was 20 min without polymer and 90 and 110 min with polymers, such as HPMC K15M and Xanthan Gum, respectively. Therefore, the order of the polymer's ability to inhibit nucleation was Xanthan Gum > HPMC K15M in the medium (7.4 pH). Similarly, the drug induction time was 30 min without polymer and 20, 110, and 90 min with polymers, such as Sodium CMC, HPMC K15M, and Xanthan Gum, respectively. Therefore, the order of the polymer's ability to inhibit nucleation was HPMC K15M > Xanthan Gum > Sodium CMC in SIFsp (6.8 pH), which synchronizes the polymer's potentiality to interdict the drug precipitation. Conclusion: The HPMC K15M and xanthan Gum showed the best crystallization inhibitor effect for the maintenance of superfluity conditions till the drug absorption time. The xanthan gum is based on the "glider" concept, and this shows the novelty of this preliminary research. The screening methodology used for rationalizing the best polymers used in the superfluity formulations development successfully.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-27
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2185284-4
ISSN	1875-5704 ; 1567-2018
ISSN (online)	1875-5704
ISSN	1567-2018
DOI	10.2174/0115672018261505231018100329
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