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Article ; Online: ASO Author Reflections: Identifying Racial Disparities for Minimally Invasive Approaches to the Surgical Treatment of Colorectal Cancer.

Riner, Andrea N / Sharp, Stephen P

2023 Volume 30, Issue 11, Page(s) 6760

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1200469-8
ISSN	1534-4681 ; 1068-9265
ISSN (online)	1534-4681
ISSN	1068-9265
DOI	10.1245/s10434-023-13742-7
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Zs.A 4042: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Systematic review and meta-analysis on the impact of COVID-19 related restrictions on air quality in low- and middle-income countries.

Navaratnam, Annalan M D / Williams, Harry / Sharp, Stephen J / Woodcock, James / Khreis, Haneen

The Science of the total environment

2023 Volume 908, Page(s) 168110

Abstract: Background: Low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) are disproportionately affected by air pollution and its health burden, representing a global inequity. The COVID-19 pandemic provided a unique opportunity to investigate the impact of unprecedented ... ...

Abstract	Background: Low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) are disproportionately affected by air pollution and its health burden, representing a global inequity. The COVID-19 pandemic provided a unique opportunity to investigate the impact of unprecedented lockdown measures on air pollutant concentrations globally. We aim to quantify air pollutant concentration changes across LMIC settings as a result of COVID-19 restrictions. Methods: Searches for this systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out across five databases on 30th March 2022; MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and Transport Research Information Documentation. Modelling and observational studies were included, as long as the estimates reflected city or town level data and were taken exclusively in pre-lockdown and lockdown periods. Mean percentage changes per pollutant were calculated and meta-analyses were carried out to calculate mean difference in measured ground-level observed concentrations for each pollutant (PROSPERO CRD42022326924). Findings: Of the 2982 manuscripts from initial searches, 256 manuscripts were included providing 3818 percentage changes of all pollutants. No studies included any countries from Sub-Saharan Africa and 34 % and 39.4 % of studies were from China and India, respectively. There was a mean percentage change of -37.4 %, -21.7 %, -54.6 %, -39.1 %, -48.9 %, 16.9 %, -34.9 %, -30.6 % and - 14.7 % for black carbon (BC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO Interpretation: The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis quantify and confirm the trends reported across the globe in air pollutant concentration, including increases in O
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Developing Countries ; Nitrogen Dioxide/analysis ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Communicable Disease Control ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; Ozone/analysis ; Nitric Oxide/analysis
Chemical Substances	Nitrogen Dioxide (S7G510RUBH) ; Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter ; Ozone (66H7ZZK23N) ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-25
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168110
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Zs.A 949: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The moderating and mediating role of eating behaviour traits in acceptance and commitment therapy-based weight management interventions: protocol for an individual participant data meta-analysis.

Kudlek, Laura / Mueller, Julia / Eustacio Colombo, Patricia / Sharp, Stephen J / Griffin, Simon J / Ahern, Amy

BMJ open

2023 Volume 13, Issue 12, Page(s) e076411

Abstract: Introduction: Precision medicine approaches to obesity aim to maximise treatment effectiveness by matching weight management interventions (WMIs) to characteristics of individuals, such as eating behaviour traits (EBTs). Acceptance and commitment ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Precision medicine approaches to obesity aim to maximise treatment effectiveness by matching weight management interventions (WMIs) to characteristics of individuals, such as eating behaviour traits (EBTs). Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)-based WMIs may address EBTs such as emotional and uncontrolled eating more effectively than standard interventions, and might be most effective in people with high levels of these traits. However, few studies have examined this directly. We will examine (a) whether ACT-based interventions are more effective for people with certain levels of EBTs (ie, moderation) and (b) whether ACT-based interventions operate through changes in EBTs (ie, mediation). Methods and analysis: This individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Individual Participant Data guidance. We will include studies on ACT-based WMIs that assessed EBTs in people with a body mass index ≥25 kg/m Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval has been obtained from the Cambridge Psychology Research Ethics Committee (Application No: PRE.2023.121). Data sharing will follow data transfer agreements and coauthorship will be offered to investigators contributing data. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and conferences and will contribute to the lead author's PhD thesis. Prospero registration number: CRD42022359691.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Acceptance and Commitment Therapy ; Obesity/prevention & control ; Body Mass Index ; Treatment Outcome ; Meta-Analysis as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076411
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Article ; Online: Time spent on social media use and BMI z-score: A cross-sectional explanatory pathway analysis of 10798 14-year-old boys and girls.

Foubister, Campbell / Jago, Russell / Sharp, Stephen J / van Sluijs, Esther M F

Pediatric obesity

2023 Volume 18, Issue 5, Page(s) e13017

Abstract: Background: The association between adolescent time spent on social media use and body mass index z-score (BMI z-score) is unclear. Pathways of association and sex differences are also unclear. This study examined the association between time spent on ... ...

Abstract	Background: The association between adolescent time spent on social media use and body mass index z-score (BMI z-score) is unclear. Pathways of association and sex differences are also unclear. This study examined the association between time spent on social media use and BMI z-score (primary objective) and potential explanatory pathways (secondary objective) for boys and girls. Methods: Data are from 5332 girls and 5466 boys aged 14 years in the UK Millennium Cohort Study. BMI z-score was regressed on self-reported time spent on social media use (h/day). Potential explanatory pathways explored included dietary intake, sleep duration, depressive symptoms, cyberbullying, body-weight satisfaction, self-esteem, and well-being. Sex-stratified multivariable linear regression and structural equation modelling were used to examine potential associations and explanatory pathways. Results: Using social media for ≥5 h/day (vs. <1 h/day) was positively associated with BMI z-score for girls (β [95% CI]) (0.15 [0.06, 0.25]) (primary objective, multivariable linear regression). For girls, the direct association was attenuated when sleep duration (0.12 [0.02, 0.22]), depressive symptoms (0.12 [0.02, 0.22]), body-weight satisfaction (0.07 [-0.02, 0.16]), and well-being (0.11 [0.01, 0.20]) were included (secondary objective, structural equation modelling). No associations were observed for boys and potential explanatory pathway variables were not examined. Conclusions: In girls, high time spent on social media use (≥5 h/day) was positively associated with BMI z-score, and this association was partially explained by sleep duration, depressive symptoms, body-weight satisfaction, and well-being. Associations and attenuations between a self-reported summary variable of time spent on social media use and BMI z-score were small. Further research should examine whether time spent on social media use is related to other adolescent health metrics.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Body Mass Index ; Cohort Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Social Media ; Body Weight
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2655527-X
ISSN	2047-6310 ; 2047-6302
ISSN (online)	2047-6310
ISSN	2047-6302
DOI	10.1111/ijpo.13017
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Zs.A 6619: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Impacts of new cycle infrastructure on cycling levels in two French cities: an interrupted time series analysis.

Xiao, Christina S / Sharp, Stephen J / van Sluijs, Esther M F / Ogilvie, David / Panter, Jenna

The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity

2022 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 77

Abstract: Background: Cities globally have started to make substantial investment in more sustainable forms of transportation. We aimed to evaluate whether the construction of new cycling infrastructure in Paris and Lyon, France, affected population cycling ... ...

Abstract	Background: Cities globally have started to make substantial investment in more sustainable forms of transportation. We aimed to evaluate whether the construction of new cycling infrastructure in Paris and Lyon, France, affected population cycling activity along new or improved routes. Methods: Routinely collected cycle count data from January 2014 to March 2020 were acquired for the cities of Paris and Lyon. Improvements were identified at 15 locations with 6 months of pre- and post-intervention data. Comparison streets were chosen within Paris or Lyon for which pre-intervention trends in cycling were similar to those at intervention sites. Controlled interrupted time series analyses and autocorrelation were performed adjusting for seasonality. Random-effects meta-analysis combined results across streets within each city and overall. Results: On average, cycling counts/day increased on both intervention and control streets in Paris and Lyon. In general, results of the ITS analysis indicated no significant change in the level or trend as a result of the improvements in either city. Meta-analysis suggested that intervention streets in Paris had a larger positive pooled effect size for level change (218 cycle counts, 95% CI -189, 626, I Conclusions: The findings suggest that improving or constructing new cycle lanes may be necessary but not sufficient to induce significant changes in cycling levels. There is a need to understand how context, intervention design and other complementary interventions can improve the effectiveness of new cycling infrastructure.
MeSH term(s)	Bicycling ; Cities ; Environment Design ; Humans ; Interrupted Time Series Analysis ; Transportation/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2134691-4
ISSN	1479-5868 ; 1479-5868
ISSN (online)	1479-5868
ISSN	1479-5868
DOI	10.1186/s12966-022-01313-0
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Article ; Online: Long-term impact of a behavioral weight management program on depression and anxiety symptoms: 5-year follow-up of the WRAP trial.

Jones, Rebecca A / Mueller, Julia / Sharp, Stephen J / Griffin, Simon J / Ahern, Amy L

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)

2022 Volume 30, Issue 12, Page(s) 2396–2403

Abstract: Objective: Behavioral weight management programs may support short-term mental health; however, limited evidence reports the long-term impacts. This study investigated the impact of behavioral weight management programs on depression and anxiety ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Behavioral weight management programs may support short-term mental health; however, limited evidence reports the long-term impacts. This study investigated the impact of behavioral weight management programs on depression and anxiety symptoms at 5 years from baseline. Methods: The Weight loss Referrals for Adults in Primary care (WRAP) trial randomized 1267 adults with BMI ≥ 28 kg/m Results: A total of 643 (51%) participants attended the 5-year study follow-up visit. There was no evidence of a difference between the randomized groups for 5-year changes in depression (BI: -0.08 ± 3.29; CP12: 0.02 ± 3.01; CP52: -0.09 ± 3.41) or anxiety (BI: 0.16 ± 3.50; CP12: -0.05 ± 3.55; CP52: -0.66 ± 3.59) symptoms. Conclusions: This study found no evidence that commercial weight management programs differed in 5-year changes in depression and anxiety symptoms, compared with BI. These are average effects; some individuals experienced increases or decreases in symptoms. Future research should investigate who is at most risk of mental health declines and investigate how to support them. Future trials should transparently report long-term mental health outcomes to strengthen understanding.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Anxiety/therapy ; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ; Depression/therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Weight Reduction Programs
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2230457-5
ISSN	1930-739X ; 1071-7323 ; 1930-7381
ISSN (online)	1930-739X
ISSN	1071-7323 ; 1930-7381
DOI	10.1002/oby.23570
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Zs.A 4061: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Participant Characteristics Associated with Changes in Mental Health in a Trial of Behavioural Weight Management Programmes: Secondary Analysis of the WRAP Trial.

Jones, Rebecca A / Mueller, Julia / Sharp, Stephen J / Duschinsky, Robbie / Griffin, Simon J / Ahern, Amy L

Obesity facts

2022 Volume 15, Issue 4, Page(s) 508–518

Abstract: Introduction: On average, aspects of mental health improve following behavioural weight management programmes, yet this is not the case for all participants. It is important to identify those at risk of harm to provide more effective psychological ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: On average, aspects of mental health improve following behavioural weight management programmes, yet this is not the case for all participants. It is important to identify those at risk of harm to provide more effective psychological support. We aimed to identify participant characteristics associated with changes in depression and anxiety in participants of a behavioural weight management programme. Methods: In the Weight loss Referrals for Adults in Primary care trial, 1,267 adults with body mass index ≥28 kg/m2 were randomized to brief intervention, or WW (formerly weight watchers) for 12-weeks or 52-weeks and followed for 5 years. We used linear and multinomial regression to explore the association between participant characteristics and changes in depression and anxiety (measured by the hospital anxiety and depression scale). Where possible, the impact of missing data was investigated using multiple imputation. Results: Higher baseline anxiety was associated with decreases in anxiety symptoms and increases in depression symptoms from baseline to follow-up. Higher baseline depression was associated with decreases in depression symptoms and increases in anxiety symptoms from baseline to follow-up. The magnitude of the associations was small. No further characteristics were consistently associated with changes in mental health. Discussion: Evidence suggests that baseline depression and anxiety may indicate how depression and anxiety symptoms change during and after attending WW. Measurement of depression and anxiety at the start of a behavioural weight management programme and subsequent monitoring may facilitate timely psychological support if a deterioration in mental health is identified. Further research in large and diverse participant samples is required to clarify the findings.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Anxiety/therapy ; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ; Depression/therapy ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Weight Reduction Programs
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2417831-7
ISSN	1662-4033 ; 1662-4025
ISSN (online)	1662-4033
ISSN	1662-4025
DOI	10.1159/000522083
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Article ; Online: Associations of genetic susceptibility and healthy lifestyle with incidence of coronary heart disease and stroke in individuals with hypertension.

Wang, Mengyao / Brage, Soren / Sharp, Stephen J / Luo, Shan / Au Yeung, Shiu Lun / Kim, Youngwon

European journal of preventive cardiology

2022 Volume 29, Issue 16, Page(s) 2101–2110

Abstract: Aims: This study explored the associations of genetic susceptibility and adherence to a healthy lifestyle with incident coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in individuals with hypertension.: Methods and results: This study included 258 531 ... ...

Abstract	Aims: This study explored the associations of genetic susceptibility and adherence to a healthy lifestyle with incident coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in individuals with hypertension. Methods and results: This study included 258 531 European descendants with hypertension at baseline from UK Biobank. Genetic risk of CHD and stroke was estimated using polygenic risk scores derived from 300 and 87 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, respectively. Lifestyle scores were calculated based on 4 lifestyle components (no obesity, no current smoking, regular physical activity and healthy diet). Cox regression with age as the underlying timescale was fit for incident CHD (n = 7470) and stroke (n = 5015), separately. A favourable lifestyle (3-4 lifestyle components) was associated with 37% and 30% lower hazards of CHD (95% confidence intervals, 32-42%) and stroke (23-37%), compared with an unfavourable lifestyle (0-1 lifestyle component), at all levels of genetic risk. Evidence of interaction between genetic susceptibility and lifestyle adherence was found for stroke (P = 0.036): no evidence of interaction for CHD (P = 0.524). A favourable lifestyle at high genetic risk had lower 12-year absolute risk of CHD and stroke, compared with an unfavourable lifestyle at low-to-intermediate genetic (exception: an unfavourable lifestyle at low CHD genetic risk). Conclusion: Adhering to a healthy lifestyle is associated with lower CHD and stroke risk regardless of genetic risk among individuals with hypertension. Risk of CHD and stroke for those at high genetic risk but adhering to a healthy lifestyle was generally lower than for those at low-to-intermediate genetic risk but adhering to an unhealthy lifestyle.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Incidence ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Coronary Disease/diagnosis ; Coronary Disease/epidemiology ; Coronary Disease/genetics ; Healthy Lifestyle ; Stroke/diagnosis ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Stroke/genetics ; Hypertension/diagnosis ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Hypertension/genetics ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2626011-6
ISSN	2047-4881 ; 2047-4873
ISSN (online)	2047-4881
ISSN	2047-4873
DOI	10.1093/eurjpc/zwac135
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Zs.A 4686: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Are there inequalities in the attendance and effectiveness of behavioural weight management interventions for adults in the UK? Protocol for an individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis.

Birch, Jack M / Mueller, Julia / Sharp, Stephen / Logue, Jennifer / Kelly, Michael P / Griffin, Simon J / Ahern, Amy

BMJ open

2023 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) e067607

Abstract: Introduction: It is important to identify whether behavioural weight management interventions work well across different groups in the population so health inequalities in obesity are not widened. Previous systematic reviews of inequalities in the ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: It is important to identify whether behavioural weight management interventions work well across different groups in the population so health inequalities in obesity are not widened. Previous systematic reviews of inequalities in the attendance and effectiveness of behavioural weight management interventions have been limited because few trials report relevant analyses and heterogeneity in the categorisation of inequality characteristics prevents meta-analysis. An individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) allows us to reanalyse all trials with available data in a uniform way. We aim to conduct an IPD meta-analysis of UK randomised controlled trials to examine whether there are inequalities in the attendance and effectiveness of behavioural weight interventions. Methods and analysis: In a recently published systematic review, we identified 17 UK-based randomised controlled trials of primary care-relevant behavioural interventions, conducted in adults living with overweight or obesity and reporting weight outcomes at baseline and 1-year follow-up. The corresponding author of each trial will be invited to contribute data to the IPD-MA. The outcomes of interest are weight at 12-months and intervention attendance (number of sessions offered vs number of sessions attended). We will primarily consider whether there is an interaction between intervention group and characteristics where inequalities occur, such as by gender/sex, socioeconomic status or age. The IPD-MA will be conducted in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of IPD guidelines. Ethics and dissemination: No further ethical approval was required as ethical approval for each individual study was obtained by the original trial investigators from appropriate ethics committees. The completed IPD-MA will be disseminated at conferences, in a peer-reviewed journal and contribute to the lead author's PhD thesis. Investigators of each individual study included in the final IPD-MA will be invited to collaborate on any publications that arise from the project.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adult ; Obesity/therapy ; Overweight ; Behavior Therapy ; United Kingdom ; Meta-Analysis as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067607
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Article ; Online: Racial/Ethnic Disparities in the Era of Minimally Invasive Surgery for Treatment of Colorectal Cancer.

Riner, Andrea N / Herremans, Kelly M / Deng, Xiaoyan / Bandyopadhyay, Dipankar / Wexner, Steven D / Trevino, Jose G / Sharp, Stephen P

Annals of surgical oncology

2023 Volume 30, Issue 11, Page(s) 6748–6759

Abstract: Background: Minimally invasive (laparoscopic and robotic) surgery (MIS) for colorectal cancer is associated with improved outcomes. We sought to characterize possible disparities in surgical approach and outcomes.: Patients and methods: In this cross- ...

Abstract	Background: Minimally invasive (laparoscopic and robotic) surgery (MIS) for colorectal cancer is associated with improved outcomes. We sought to characterize possible disparities in surgical approach and outcomes. Patients and methods: In this cross-sectional study, colorectal adenocarcinoma cases among non-Hispanic white (NHW), non-Hispanic Black (NHB), and Hispanic patients were identified using the National Cancer Database (2010-2017). Logistic and Poisson regressions, generalized logit models, and Cox proportional hazards were used to assess outcomes, with reclassification of surgery type if converted to open. Results: NHB patients were less likely to undergo robotic surgery. After multivariable analysis, NHB patients were 6% less likely, while Hispanic patients were 12% more likely to undergo a MIS approach. Lymph node retrieval was higher (> 1.3% more, p < 0.0001) and length of stay was shorter (> 17% shorter, p < 0.0001) for MIS approaches. Unplanned readmission was lower for MIS colon cancer operations compared with open operations, but not for rectal cancer. Race/ethnicity-adjusted risk of death was lower with MIS approaches for colon as well as rectal cancer. After adjusting for surgery type, risk of death was 12% lower for NHB and 35% lower for Hispanic patients compared with NHW patients. Hispanic patients had 21% lower risk of death, while NHB patients had 12% higher risk of death than NHW patients with rectal cancer, after adjusting for surgery type. Conclusions: Racial/ethnic disparities exist in utilization of MIS for colorectal cancer treatment, disproportionately affecting NHB patients. Since MIS has the potential to improve outcomes, suboptimal access may contribute to harmful and thus unacceptable disparities in survivorship.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Ethnicity ; Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery ; Laparoscopy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1200469-8
ISSN	1534-4681 ; 1068-9265
ISSN (online)	1534-4681
ISSN	1068-9265
DOI	10.1245/s10434-023-13693-z
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