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  1. AU="Shaw, Vivien"
  2. AU="van Ieperen, Ellen"
  3. AU="Giorgia Bucciol"
  4. AU="Ronald Munger"
  5. AU="Quotane, Ilyasse"
  6. AU="Tairmae Kangarloo"
  7. AU="Khan, Qaisar Imran"
  8. AU="Alberton, Michele D"
  9. AU="Chou, Tsung-Ching"
  10. AU="Mehdizadeh, Rana"
  11. AU="Sue Chen"
  12. AU=Smrcka A V
  13. AU="Costache, Oana"
  14. AU="Jungilligens, Johannes"
  15. AU="Kegel, S"
  16. AU="Frances P. Rodriguez-Rivera"
  17. AU="Viennet, Hervé"
  18. AU="Martínez-Silva, María G"
  19. AU="Christino, Melissa A"
  20. AU="Silva, Larissa L"
  21. AU="Tonks, Michael R."
  22. AU="Korhonen, H"
  23. AU="Mukendi, John T"
  24. AU="Athira S. Raj"
  25. AU="Corbacho, Belen"
  26. AU="Andrei, Adin Cristian" AU="Andrei, Adin Cristian"
  27. AU="Erminia Donnarumma"
  28. AU="Albores-Figueroa, Rosenberg"
  29. AU="Squillace, Lino"
  30. AU="Laufs, Sebastian"
  31. AU="McCanny, Suzette"
  32. AU="McHardy, John Alexander"
  33. AU="Erdal, Ranya"
  34. AU="Li, Long-Xia"
  35. AU="Esapa, Benjamina"

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Treffer 1 - 6 von insgesamt 6

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  1. Artikel: The Evolution of Scientific Visualisations: A Case Study Approach to Big Data for Varied Audiences.

    Lunn, Andrew J / Shaw, Vivien / Winder, Isabelle C

    Advances in experimental medicine and biology

    2022  Band 1388, Seite(n) 51–84

    Abstract: Visual representations of complex data are a cornerstone of how scientific information is shared. By taking large quantities of data and creating accessible visualisations that show relationships, patterns, outliers, and conclusions, important research ... ...

    Abstract Visual representations of complex data are a cornerstone of how scientific information is shared. By taking large quantities of data and creating accessible visualisations that show relationships, patterns, outliers, and conclusions, important research can be communicated effectively to any audience. The nature of animal cognition is heavily debated with no consensus on what constitutes animal intelligence. Over the last half-century, the methods used to define intelligence have evolved to incorporate larger datasets and more complex theories-moving from relatively simple comparisons of brain mass and body mass to explorations of brain composition and how neuron count changes between specific groups of animals. The primary aim of this chapter is therefore to explore how visualisation choice influences the accessibility of complex scientific information, using animal cognition as a case study. As the datasets concerned with animal intelligence have increased in both size and complexity, have the visualisations that accompany them evolved as well? We first investigate how the basic presentation of visualisations (figure legends, inclusion of statistics, use of colour, etc.) has changed, before discussing alternative approaches that might improve communication with both scientific and general audiences. By building upon the types of visualisation techniques that everyone is taught at school (bar charts, XY scatter plots, pie charts, etc.), we show how small changes can improve our communication with both scientific and general audiences. We suggest that there is no single right way to visualise data, but careful consideration of the audience and the specific message can help, even where communications are constrained by time, technology, or medium.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Big Data ; Brain ; Cognition/physiology
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-09-14
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ISSN 2214-8019 ; 0065-2598
    ISSN (online) 2214-8019
    ISSN 0065-2598
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-10889-1_3
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Artikel ; Online: Acupuncture in the management of trigeminal neuralgia.

    Edwards, James W / Shaw, Vivien

    Acupuncture in medicine : journal of the British Medical Acupuncture Society

    2020  Band 39, Heft 3, Seite(n) 192–199

    Abstract: Background: We aimed to assess the standing of acupuncture as a clinical tool in the management of trigeminal neuralgia against the current first-line drug treatment (carbamazepine) and the most effective surgery (microvascular decompression (MVD)).: ... ...

    Abstract Background: We aimed to assess the standing of acupuncture as a clinical tool in the management of trigeminal neuralgia against the current first-line drug treatment (carbamazepine) and the most effective surgery (microvascular decompression (MVD)).
    Methods: Data regarding efficacy, side effects and cost were compiled for each of these three modalities from the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. Patient stress was estimated according to Holmes and Rahe's Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS).
    Results: Acupuncture was not significantly more effective than its corresponding control (p = 0.088), but had the greatest efficacy (mean ± 95% confidence interval) of the modalities considered (86.5% ± 5.6% compared to surgery (79.3% ± 7.7%) and pharmacotherapy (71.7% ± 2.5%), respectively). Acupuncture also had fewer mean reported side effects (22.7% ± 5.9%) compared with surgery (25.3% ± 12.6%) and pharmacotherapy (88.8% ± 25.0%), and the lowest cost; after 5 years, the cost of acupuncture was estimated to be £750, compared to £1507.73 for carbamazepine and £4878.42 for MVD. Acupuncture was the least stressful according to the SRRS (53 points), whereas surgery was second most stressful (153 points) and pharmacotherapy was the most stressful intervention to patients (217 points).
    Conclusion: Acupuncture appears more effective than pharmacotherapy or surgery. Statistical analysis of side effects was not possible due to inconsistent reporting protocols, but the data suggest that acupuncture is considerably safer than pharmacotherapy or surgery. Acupuncture also appears to be the least expensive therapeutic modality to deliver long-term (65 weeks onwards), and our analysis indicated that it was less stressful to patients than pharmacotherapy or surgery. Further study into these areas and the practicality of its availability in the UK National Health Service (NHS) and other health systems is recommended.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Acupuncture Therapy/economics ; Acupuncture Therapy/methods ; Cost of Illness ; Humans ; Pain Management/economics ; Pain Management/methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Trigeminal Neuralgia/economics ; Trigeminal Neuralgia/therapy
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-06-10
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1360533-1
    ISSN 1759-9873 ; 0964-5284
    ISSN (online) 1759-9873
    ISSN 0964-5284
    DOI 10.1177/0964528420924042
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Artikel ; Online: Chōng meridian an ancient Chinese description of the vascular system?

    Shaw, Vivien

    Acupuncture in medicine : journal of the British Medical Acupuncture Society

    2014  Band 32, Heft 3, Seite(n) 279–285

    Abstract: The objectives of this research are, first, to establish if the extraordinary acupuncture meridian known as Chōng, Penetrating Vessel or Sea of Blood, is in essence a description of certain macroscopic parts of the underlying vascular system and, second, ...

    Abstract The objectives of this research are, first, to establish if the extraordinary acupuncture meridian known as Chōng, Penetrating Vessel or Sea of Blood, is in essence a description of certain macroscopic parts of the underlying vascular system and, second, by extension, to show that it is likely that cadaveric dissection would have been used as a tool to arrive at this understanding. Generally accepted scholarly opinion holds that the ancient Chinese rarely used dissection in order to explore the anatomy of the human body, and that the meridians are therefore invisible metaphysical structures corresponding to lines drawn on the body. However, the seminal text, 'The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine', describes using palpation to examine the living and dissection to examine the dead. This implies that the original authors of these texts were observing physical structures visible to the naked eye. Dissection has therefore been used to compare the descriptions of the Chōng meridian in 'The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine' with the vascular anatomy of the human body. Fifteen acupuncture points located on various different ordinary meridians but bearing the same name, Chōng, were also examined to see if they bore any relationship to the vascular system. The dissections clearly show that the Chōng meridian correlates to certain main blood vessels in the body, in particular the vena cava. Similarly, most Chōng acupuncture points have a strong correspondence with blood vessels, marking terminal arteries on the hands, feet and forehead and anastomoses on the face, body and feet. These findings strongly suggest that the ancient Chinese texts relating to this meridian are likely to have been a 'description' of the vascular system. Furthermore, the ancient Chinese apparently had a high degree of anatomical skill in the practice of dissection and acute powers of observation.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Acupuncture Therapy/history ; Blood Vessels/anatomy & histology ; Blood Vessels/physiology ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Meridians
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2014-06
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1360533-1
    ISSN 1759-9873 ; 0964-5284
    ISSN (online) 1759-9873
    ISSN 0964-5284
    DOI 10.1136/acupmed-2013-010496
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Artikel ; Online: Hiding in Plain Sight-ancient Chinese anatomy.

    Shaw, Vivien / Diogo, Rui / Winder, Isabelle Catherine

    Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)

    2020  Band 305, Heft 5, Seite(n) 1201–1214

    Abstract: For thousands of years, scientists have studied human anatomy by dissecting bodies. Our knowledge of their findings is limited, however, both by the subsequent loss of many of the oldest texts, and by a tendency toward a Eurocentric perspective in ... ...

    Abstract For thousands of years, scientists have studied human anatomy by dissecting bodies. Our knowledge of their findings is limited, however, both by the subsequent loss of many of the oldest texts, and by a tendency toward a Eurocentric perspective in medicine. As a discipline, anatomy tends to be much more familiar with ancient Greek texts than with those from India, China, or Persia. Here, we show that the Mawangdui medical texts, entombed in the Mawangdui burial site in Changsha, China 168 BCE, are the oldest surviving anatomical atlas in the world. These medical texts both predate and inform the later acupuncture texts which have been the foundation for acupuncture practice in the subsequent two millennia. The skills necessary to interpret them are diverse, requiring the researcher firstly to read the original Chinese, and secondly to perform the anatomical investigations that allow a re-viewing of the structures that the texts refer to. Acupuncture meridians are considered to be esoteric in nature, but these texts are clearly descriptions of the physical body. As such, they represent a previously hidden chapter in the history of anatomy, and a new perspective on acupuncture.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Acupuncture ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine ; Meridians
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-09-01
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Historical Article ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2269667-2
    ISSN 1932-8494 ; 1932-8486
    ISSN (online) 1932-8494
    ISSN 1932-8486
    DOI 10.1002/ar.24503
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Artikel ; Online: Divided maxillary artery in relation to the lateral pterygoid muscle.

    Aland, R Claire / Shaw, Vivien

    Anatomical science international

    2016  Band 91, Heft 2, Seite(n) 207–210

    Abstract: We describe an anatomical variation of the right maxillary artery. The variation loops deep, giving off a middle meningeal artery with an extremely short extracranial segment, then bifurcates into unequal branches. The smaller branch passes superficial ... ...

    Abstract We describe an anatomical variation of the right maxillary artery. The variation loops deep, giving off a middle meningeal artery with an extremely short extracranial segment, then bifurcates into unequal branches. The smaller branch passes superficial to the lateral pterygoid head and distributes primarily to the masticatory muscles. The larger partially pierces the lateral pterygoid lower head, re-emerges superficially, branches again and passes into the pterygopalatine fossa. The larger lies superficial to the lingual and inferior alveolar nerves and deep to the buccal nerve. An embryonic development origin of the cranial arteries is suggested.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Aged ; Anatomic Variation ; Cadaver ; Female ; Humans ; Maxillary Artery/anatomy & histology ; Pterygoid Muscles/blood supply ; Pterygopalatine Fossa/blood supply
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2016-03
    Erscheinungsland Japan
    Dokumenttyp Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2079994-9
    ISSN 1447-073X ; 1447-6959 ; 0022-7722
    ISSN (online) 1447-073X
    ISSN 1447-6959 ; 0022-7722
    DOI 10.1007/s12565-015-0289-7
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Artikel ; Online: Was acupuncture developed by Han Dynasty Chinese anatomists?

    Shaw, Vivien / Mclennan, Amy K

    Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)

    2016  Band 299, Heft 5, Seite(n) 643–659

    Abstract: Anatomical dissection has begun to reveal striking similarities between gross anatomical structures and the system of nomenclature used in traditional Chinese acupuncture. This paper argues that acupuncture point nomenclature is rooted in systematic ... ...

    Abstract Anatomical dissection has begun to reveal striking similarities between gross anatomical structures and the system of nomenclature used in traditional Chinese acupuncture. This paper argues that acupuncture point nomenclature is rooted in systematic anatomical investigation of cadaveric specimens, and that acupuncture points and meridians are purposefully named to reflect observable physical form. Two types of evidence are compared: observations of physical structures based on anatomical dissection, and translation and analysis of original Chinese texts. Evidence is contextualized through in-depth practical understanding of acupuncture. Points designated as [Chinese character] tian (heavenly/superior), [Chinese character] xia (below/inferior), [Chinese character] liao (bone-hole), [Chinese character] fei (flying), [Chinese character] wei (bend), and [Chinese character] xi (mountain stream/ravine) are investigated. These acupuncture point names: (a) specify position; (b) reflect function and/or form; (c) indicate homologous structures; (d) mark unusual structures; and/or (e) describe the physical appearance of a deep (dissected) structure by likening it to a homologous everyday object. Results raise intriguing possibilities for developing an understanding of acupuncture points and meridians firmly based in the material and functional anatomy of the human body. Such an understanding has the potential to open new fields of thought about functional anatomy. It also has implications for future investigations into the mechanisms of acupuncture, and gives some insights into the possible origins of this iconic area of Chinese medicine.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy/history ; Anatomists ; Blood Vessels/anatomy & histology ; Blood Vessels/physiology ; History, Ancient ; Humans
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2016-05
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Historical Article ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2269667-2
    ISSN 1932-8494 ; 1932-8486
    ISSN (online) 1932-8494
    ISSN 1932-8486
    DOI 10.1002/ar.23325
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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