LIVIVO - Search results -

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 63

Search options

Article ; Online: Alloantigen-based AIDS vaccine: revisiting a "rightfully" discarded promising strategy.

Shearer, Gene M / Boasso, Adriano

F1000 medicine reports

2011 Volume 3, Page(s) 12

Abstract: This report revisits the accidental discovery that protection against simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in the early successful experimental AIDS vaccine studies in Rhesus macaques was due to antibodies directed against human leukocyte ... ...

Abstract	This report revisits the accidental discovery that protection against simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in the early successful experimental AIDS vaccine studies in Rhesus macaques was due to antibodies directed against human leukocyte antigens (HLAs). The inactivated virus vaccine approach was discarded because protection was due to the host's immune reaction against the HLA acquired by SIV from the human cell lines in which it was grown, rather than against antigenic determinants of SIV itself. Subsequent studies have revealed that immune recognition of HLA on uninfected leukocytes also induces other factors that inhibit infection by both SIV and the human immunodeficiency virus. Pro and con aspects of immunization against HLA as a potential AIDS vaccine strategy are discussed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-06-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1757-5931
ISSN (online)	1757-5931
DOI	10.3410/M3-12
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Induction and Measurement of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Activity.

Wonderlich, John / Shearer, Gene / Livingstone, Alexandra / Brooks, Andrew / Soloski, Mark J / Presby, Matthew M

Current protocols in immunology

2018 Volume 120, Page(s) 3.11.1–3.11.29

Abstract: Cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) are important immune effector cells in the adaptive immune response. It has been well documented that CTLs are important in host immune responses to viral and bacterial intracellular pathogens, tumors, and transplanted tissues. ... ...

Abstract	Cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) are important immune effector cells in the adaptive immune response. It has been well documented that CTLs are important in host immune responses to viral and bacterial intracellular pathogens, tumors, and transplanted tissues. The properties of CTLs have been studied extensively in murine models, and their roles validated in the human setting. Frequently, the presence of these cells correlates well with protective immunity, so the ability to readily measure the activity of these cells is an important immunological measurement. In this unit, several assays are described that are commonly utilized to induce CTLs and to measure CTL activity both in vitro and in vivo. These assays are adaptable to many experimental and/or disease models, and in the case of the in vitro assays can be applied to measure CTL activity in human samples. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Chromium ; DNA Fragmentation ; Mice ; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology ; Trinitrobenzenes/immunology ; Virus Diseases/immunology
Chemical Substances	Antigens, Viral ; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens ; Trinitrobenzenes ; Chromium (0R0008Q3JB)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-02-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ISSN	1934-368X
ISSN (online)	1934-368X
DOI	10.1002/cpim.38
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Full text online

Accessible to users with ZB MED library card

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾
- Full text online
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Historical perspective on HIV‐exposed seronegative individuals: has nature done the experiment for us?

Shearer, Gene / Clerici, Mario

The Journal of infectious diseases

2010 Volume 202 Suppl 3, Page(s) S329–32

Abstract: Multiple and frequent exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) does not necessarily result in HIV infection. Approximately 15% of HIV exposed seronegative individuals repeatedly resist infection, a phenomenon that has been observed in all ... ...

Abstract	Multiple and frequent exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) does not necessarily result in HIV infection. Approximately 15% of HIV exposed seronegative individuals repeatedly resist infection, a phenomenon that has been observed in all investigated HIV‐exposed cohorts. This brief report provides a limited historic perspective of the discovery of these cohorts and outlines some of the immunologic and genetic parameters that are associated with resistance. We raise the possibility that assessing immunologic parameters of the phenomenon might provide insights that might be relevant for effective AIDS vaccine design.
MeSH term(s)	Cohort Studies ; Disease Susceptibility ; HIV Infections/genetics ; HIV Infections/history ; HIV Infections/immunology ; HIV Infections/transmission ; HIV-1/immunology ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-11-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	3019-3
ISSN	1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
ISSN (online)	1537-6613
ISSN	0022-1899
DOI	10.1086/655974
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Uh II Zs.50: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 445: Show issues

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Defective in vitro IL-2 production in lupus is an early but secondary event paralleling disease activity: evidence from the murine parent-into-F1 model supports staging of IL-2 defects in human lupus.

Via, Charles S / Shearer, Gene M

Autoimmunity

2009 Volume 43, Issue 1, Page(s) 23–31

Abstract: T cell defects are a well described feature of both human and murine lupus however their exact significance is unclear. Evidence from an induced model of lupus, the P --> F1 model of chronic lupus-like GVHD demonstrates that a secondary inducible T cell ... ...

Abstract	T cell defects are a well described feature of both human and murine lupus however their exact significance is unclear. Evidence from an induced model of lupus, the P --> F1 model of chronic lupus-like GVHD demonstrates that a secondary inducible T cell defect in in vitro IL-2 and CTL responses occurs early in the course of lupus-like disease and well in advance of clinical disease. Defective Th cell function was probed using a novel approach categorizing the response to two stimuli:1) the MHC self restricted response, termed self +X; and 2) the allogeneic response. Using this approach, lupus mice exhibited similar in vitro Th cell pattern i.e. an absent S+X response but preserved allogeneic (termed -/+). In contrast, human lupus patients exhibited three possible response patterns, +/+, - /+ or -/- with more severe in vitro T cell impairment correlated with more severe disease. Similarly, patients with other T cell mediated conditions i.e. HIV infection or renal allograft recipients, also exhibited more severe in vitro T cell impairment with greater disease activity or greater immunosuppression respectively. The similar Th response patterns in human and murine T cell mediated conditions indicates that the underlying mechanisms involved are not disease specific but instead reflect common immune responses and validate the use of the P --> F1 model for future studies of T cell mediated conditions. These results support the use of prospective monitoring of IL-2 responses in lupus patients. Successful adaptation of this approach to the clinical setting could allow not only earlier therapeutic intervention and reduced organ damage but also earlier tapering of pharmacological agents and reduced untoward effects.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Graft vs Host Disease/genetics ; Graft vs Host Disease/immunology ; Histocompatibility Antigens/immunology ; Humans ; Interleukin-2/antagonists & inhibitors ; Interleukin-2/biosynthesis ; Interleukin-2/immunology ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/genetics ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
Chemical Substances	Histocompatibility Antigens ; Interleukin-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-12-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1025450-x
ISSN	1607-842X ; 0891-6934
ISSN (online)	1607-842X
ISSN	0891-6934
DOI	10.3109/08916930903374808
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 2777: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Curing HIV/AIDS beyond hematopoietic stem cell transplant.

Shearer, Gene M / Clerici, Mario / Graham, David R / Boasso, Adriano

AIDS (London, England)

2015 Volume 29, Issue 17, Page(s) 2364–2366

MeSH term(s)	Graft vs Host Reaction ; HIV Infections/therapy ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/methods ; Humans ; Transplantation, Homologous/methods ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	639076-6
ISSN	1473-5571 ; 0269-9370 ; 1350-2840
ISSN (online)	1473-5571
ISSN	0269-9370 ; 1350-2840
DOI	10.1097/QAD.0000000000000861
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 2228: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Conference proceedings: Regulatory T cells (Treg) and HIV/AIDS: summary of the September 7-8, 2006 workshop.

Chougnet, Claire A / Shearer, Gene M

AIDS research and human retroviruses

2007 Volume 23, Issue 7, Page(s) 945–952

Abstract: A workshop entitled "Regulatory T cells (T(reg)) and HIV/AIDS" was held in Cincinnati, OH, September 7-8, 2006. This workshop was the first completely dedicated to T(reg) in HIV infection, and gathered investigators working on different aspects of T(reg) ...

Abstract	A workshop entitled "Regulatory T cells (T(reg)) and HIV/AIDS" was held in Cincinnati, OH, September 7-8, 2006. This workshop was the first completely dedicated to T(reg) in HIV infection, and gathered investigators working on different aspects of T(reg) biology, and on HIV pathogenesis. We report here the major topics of discussion of this workshop, the goal of which was to summarize what is known and not known about the role of T(reg) in HIV immune responses and pathogenesis; and to foster discussion on the means of manipulating T(reg) in HIV-infected subjects. Workshop participants also debated the research priorities in the field, which emerged as follows: (1) to arrive at a consensus on T(reg) definition and to standardize assays aimed at characterizing T(reg) number and function; (2) to study T(reg) biology in tissues, notably in mucosal tissues, and at different stages of infection; (3) to examine T(reg) function in vivo in animal models, as well as to test strategies to target or modulate T(reg) cell function in these models; (4) to investigate the effect of viral factors on T(reg) biology, and conversely to study whether T(reg) activity affects the level of HIV replication; (5) to conduct longitudinal studies of T(reg) number and function; and (6) to determine the effect of coinfections on T(reg) biology.
MeSH term(s)	HIV Infections/immunology ; HIV Infections/physiopathology ; Humans ; Research/trends ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/virology ; Terminology as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Congresses ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	639130-8
ISSN	1931-8405 ; 0889-2229
ISSN (online)	1931-8405
ISSN	0889-2229
DOI	10.1089/aid.2006.0259
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Full text online

Accessible to users with ZB MED library card

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 1928: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾

Article: Chronic innate immune activation as a cause of HIV-1 immunopathogenesis.

Boasso, Adriano / Shearer, Gene M

Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)

2007 Volume 126, Issue 3, Page(s) 235–242

Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection causes progressive impairment of the immune system in humans, characterized by depletion of CD4 T cells and loss of T cell function. Increased markers of T cell activation and lymphoid hyperplasia suggest ... ...

Abstract	Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection causes progressive impairment of the immune system in humans, characterized by depletion of CD4 T cells and loss of T cell function. Increased markers of T cell activation and lymphoid hyperplasia suggest that chronic T cell activation persists in immunocompromised hosts, and contributes to the exhaustion of immune functions. Here we propose a revision of this hypothesis, in which we suggest that chronic activation of innate immunity may negatively affect adaptive T cell-mediated responses. We hypothesize that constant exposure of the effector cells of innate immunity to HIV results in their chronic hyperactivation, with deleterious effects on T cells. In particular, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) may be highly susceptible to HIV-induced activation due to its interaction with the cellular receptor CD4, expressed by pDC. Subsequent production of type I interferon and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase may exert suppressive and cytotoxic effects on T cells.
MeSH term(s)	Dendritic Cells/immunology ; HIV Infections/immunology ; HIV Infections/pathology ; HIV Infections/virology ; HIV-1/immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/immunology ; Models, Immunological
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-10-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1459903-x
ISSN	1521-7035 ; 1521-6616
ISSN (online)	1521-7035
ISSN	1521-6616
DOI	10.1016/j.clim.2007.08.015
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Full text online

Accessible to users with ZB MED library card

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 880: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾

Article ; Online: The tolerogenic peptide hCDR1 immunomodulates cytokine and regulatory molecule gene expression in blood mononuclear cells of primary Sjogren's syndrome patients.

Sthoeger, Zev / Sharabi, Amir / Asher, Ilan / Zinger, Heidy / Segal, Rafael / Shearer, Gene / Elkayam, Ori / Mozes, Edna

Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)

2018 Volume 192, Page(s) 85–91

Abstract: Primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands. We investigated whether the tolerogenic peptide, hCDR1, that ameliorates lupus manifestations would have beneficial effects on pSS as ... ...

Abstract	Primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands. We investigated whether the tolerogenic peptide, hCDR1, that ameliorates lupus manifestations would have beneficial effects on pSS as well. The in vitro effects of hCDR1 on gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and regulatory molecules were tested in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of 16 pSS patients. hCDR1, but not a control peptide, significantly reduced gene expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, MX-1 and BlyS and up-regulated immunosuppressive (TGF-β, FOXP3) molecules in PBMC of pSS patients. hCDR1 did not affect gene expression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and anti-phospholipid syndrome. Further, hCDR1 up-regulated the expression of Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) via elevation of TGF-β. IDO inhibition led to a significant decrease in the expression of FOXP3 which is crucial for the induction of T regulatory cells. Thus, hCDR1 is potential candidate for the specific treatment of pSS patients.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology ; Cytokines/genetics ; Cytokines/immunology ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/immunology ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation/immunology ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors/pharmacology ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptide Fragments/genetics ; Peptide Fragments/pharmacology ; Peptides/genetics ; Peptides/pharmacology ; Sjogren's Syndrome/blood ; Sjogren's Syndrome/genetics ; Sjogren's Syndrome/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/immunology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Cytokines ; FOXP3 protein, human ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Immunologic Factors ; Peptide Fragments ; Peptides ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; edratide (38PLP07BKC)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-05-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1459903-x
ISSN	1521-7035 ; 1521-6616
ISSN (online)	1521-7035
ISSN	1521-6616
DOI	10.1016/j.clim.2018.05.001
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Full text online

Accessible to users with ZB MED library card

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 880: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾

Article: How does indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase contribute to HIV-mediated immune dysregulation.

Boasso, Adriano / Shearer, Gene M

Current drug metabolism

2006 Volume 8, Issue 3, Page(s) 217–223

Abstract: Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) results in a chronic infection that progressively cripples the host immune defenses. HIV infection is associated with increased tryptophan (trp) catabolism by the cytokine-inducible enzyme ... ...

Abstract	Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) results in a chronic infection that progressively cripples the host immune defenses. HIV infection is associated with increased tryptophan (trp) catabolism by the cytokine-inducible enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). IDO has powerful immune suppressive activity, which could contribute to the immune dysfunction observed in HIV-infected patients. In this review we discuss the immune mechanisms that could mediate the HIV-induced increase of IDO activity (such as IFN-gamma, IFN-alpha, CTLA-4/B7 and direct viral exposure). We then consider the current knowledge of IDO-mediated immune suppressive mechanisms with regard to different cell types (CD4(+) T cells, CD8(+) T cells, natural killer cells, B cells and regulatory T cells), from the perspective of their potential consequences for the HIV-infected host. HIV-induced, IDO-mediated trp catabolism may contribute to the perpetuation of HIV infection into its chronic phase by dampening efficient immune anti-viral responses. Therapeutic approaches aimed at manipulating this powerful immune suppressive mechanism might be considered in the setting of HIV infection.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; HIV Infections/immunology ; HIV Infections/metabolism ; Humans ; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/immunology ; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology ; Tryptophan/deficiency ; Tryptophan/immunology
Chemical Substances	Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase ; Tryptophan (8DUH1N11BX)
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-12-15
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2064815-7
ISSN	1875-5453 ; 1389-2002
ISSN (online)	1875-5453
ISSN	1389-2002
DOI	10.2174/138920007780362527
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 5584: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article: Are blockers of gp120/CD4 interaction effective inhibitors of HIV-1 immunopathogenesis?

Herbeuval, Jean-Philippe / Shearer, Gene M

AIDS reviews

2006 Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 3–8

Abstract: Objective: The immunopathogenic mechanisms that result in the depletion of CD4+ T-cells after HIV-1 infection remain controversial. We consider here mechanisms that have been suggested, and propose a data-supported model in which CD4+ T-cells undergo ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The immunopathogenic mechanisms that result in the depletion of CD4+ T-cells after HIV-1 infection remain controversial. We consider here mechanisms that have been suggested, and propose a data-supported model in which CD4+ T-cells undergo apoptosis that is signaled by the binding of viral gp120 to cellular CD4. Procedures: Blood leucocytes from HIV-1-uninfected donors, including CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, monocytes, myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) were cultured with either infectious or noninfectious HIV-1. The cultures were tested for expression of interferon-alpha, TRAIL, DR5 and apoptosis. Inhibitors of IFNalpha, TRAIL, DR5 and gp120/CD4 binding were added to the cultures. Ex vivo studies were performed using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from HIV-1-infected patients to test the validity of our in vitro findings. Findings: Both infectious and noninfectious HIV-1 induced pDC to produce IFNalpha, which induced expression of TRAIL by CD4+ but not CD8+ T-cells. CD4+ T-cells expressed the TRAIL death receptor 5 (DR5), upon HIV-1 binding to CD4. Antibodies against TRAIL and DR5 partly inhibited apoptosis. However, soluble CD4 (sCD4-IgG) efficiently blocked IFNalpha production, TRAIL and DR5 expression and apoptosis of T helper cells. Studies of HIV-1-infected patients' PBMC indicated increased plasma TRAIL production and CD4+ T-cell DR5 expression, which correlated directly with viral load and inversely with CD4 count. Conclusion: Noninfectious interactions between HIV-1 and CD4 are major contributors to CD4+ T-cell death via IFNalpha-induced TRAIL expression and HIV-1-induced DR5 expression on CD4+ T-cells. Since noninfectious as well as infectious HIV-1 induces the death cascade resulting in selective apoptosis of CD4+ T-cells, these HIV-1/CD4-dependent binding events would not necessarily be reflected in HIV-1 RNA and DNA expression by the CD4+ target T-cells. Because each step of this model leading to apoptosis requires the binding of gp120 to CD4, we suggest that molecules which block this very early event in virus/target cell interaction will be effective in preventing or reducing the depletion of CD4+ T-cells during progression to AIDS. The above mechanisms and the effect of sCD4-lgG are summarized in our proposed model.
MeSH term(s)	Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Apoptosis/immunology ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/immunology ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/therapeutic use ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120/immunology ; HIV Infections/therapy ; HIV-1/drug effects ; HIV-1/immunology ; HIV-1/pathogenicity ; Humans ; Interferon Type I/immunology ; Interferon Type I/therapeutic use ; Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology ; Membrane Glycoproteins/therapeutic use ; Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/metabolism ; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/therapeutic use ; Viral Envelope Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Viral Load
Chemical Substances	Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120 ; Interferon Type I ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; TNFRSF10B protein, human ; TNFSF10 protein, human ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Viral Envelope Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-01
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2086783-9
ISSN	1139-6121
ISSN	1139-6121
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 5711: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

To top

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito