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  1. Article ; Online: Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensing and its Interplay with Fluidics.

    Bhalla, Nikhil / Shen, Amy Q

    Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids

    2024  Volume 40, Issue 19, Page(s) 9842–9854

    Abstract: In this Feature Article, we discuss the interplay between fluidics and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing technique, primarily focusing on its applications in the realm of bio/chemical sensing within fluidic environments. Commencing ... ...

    Abstract In this Feature Article, we discuss the interplay between fluidics and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing technique, primarily focusing on its applications in the realm of bio/chemical sensing within fluidic environments. Commencing with a foundational overview of LSPR principles from a sensing perspective, we subsequently showcase the development of a streamlined LSPR chip integrated with microfluidic structures. This integration opens the doors to advanced experiments involving fluid dynamics, greatly expanding the scope of LSPR-based research. Our discussions then turn to the practical implementation of LSPR and microfluidics in real-time biosensing, with a specific emphasis on monitoring DNA polymerase activity. Additionally, we illustrate the direct sensing of biological fluids, exemplified by the analysis of urine, while also shedding light on a unique particle assembly process that occurs on LSPR chips. We not only discuss the significance of LSPR sensing but also explore its potential to investigate a plethora of phenomena at liquid-liquid and solid-liquid interfaces. This is particularly noteworthy, as existing transduction methods and sensors fall short in fully comprehending these interfacial phenomena. Concluding our discussion, we present a futuristic perspective that provides insights into potential opportunities emerging at the intersection of fluidics and LSPR sensing.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2005937-1
    ISSN 1520-5827 ; 0743-7463
    ISSN (online) 1520-5827
    ISSN 0743-7463
    DOI 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00374
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Dilute polyelectrolyte solutions: recent progress and open questions.

    G Lopez, Carlos / Matsumoto, Atsushi / Shen, Amy Q

    Soft matter

    2024  Volume 20, Issue 12, Page(s) 2635–2687

    Abstract: Polyelectrolytes are a class of polymers possessing ionic groups on their repeating units. Since counterions can dissociate from the polymer backbone, polyelectrolyte chains are strongly influenced by electrostatic interactions. As a result, the physical ...

    Abstract Polyelectrolytes are a class of polymers possessing ionic groups on their repeating units. Since counterions can dissociate from the polymer backbone, polyelectrolyte chains are strongly influenced by electrostatic interactions. As a result, the physical properties of polyelectrolyte solutions are significantly different from those of electrically neutral polymers. The aim of this article is to highlight key results and some outstanding questions in the polyelectrolyte research from recent literature. We focus on the influence of electrostatics on conformational and hydrodynamic properties of polyelectrolyte chains. A compilation of experimental results from the literature reveals significant disparities with theoretical predictions. We also discuss a new class of polyelectrolytes called poly(ionic liquid)s that exhibit unique physical properties in comparison to ordinary polyelectrolytes. We conclude this review by listing some key research challenges in order to fully understand the conformation and dynamics of polyelectrolytes in solutions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2191476-X
    ISSN 1744-6848 ; 1744-683X
    ISSN (online) 1744-6848
    ISSN 1744-683X
    DOI 10.1039/d3sm00468f
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Multiplexed Opto-Microfluidic Biosensing: Advanced Platform for Prostate Cancer Detection.

    Funari, Riccardo / Chu, Kang-Yu / Shen, Amy Q

    ACS sensors

    2024  

    Abstract: Cancer stands as a prominent global cause of mortality, necessitating early detection to augment survival rates and alleviate economic burdens on healthcare systems. In particular, prostate cancer (PCa), impacting 1.41 million men globally in 2020, ... ...

    Abstract Cancer stands as a prominent global cause of mortality, necessitating early detection to augment survival rates and alleviate economic burdens on healthcare systems. In particular, prostate cancer (PCa), impacting 1.41 million men globally in 2020, accentuates the demand for sensitive and cost-effective detection methods beyond traditional prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. While clinical techniques exhibit limitations, biosensors emerge as compact, user-friendly alternatives to traditional laboratory approaches. However, existing biosensors predominantly concentrate on PSA detection, prompting the necessity for advancing toward multiplex sensing platforms. This study introduces a compact opto-microfluidic sensor featuring a substrate of gold nanospikes, fabricated via electrodeposition, for enhanced sensitivity. Embedded within a microfluidic chip, this nanomaterial enables the precise and concurrent measurement of PSA, alongside two complementary PCa biomarkers, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and anti-α-methylacyl-CoA racemase (anti-AMACR) in diluted human plasma, offering a comprehensive approach to PSA analysis. Taking advantage of the localized surface plasmon resonance principle, this biosensor offers robustness and sensitivity in real sample analysis without the need for labeling agents. With the limit of detection at 0.22, 0.37, and 0.18 ng/mL for PSA, MMP-2, and anti-AMACR, respectively, this biosensing platform holds promise for point-of-care analysis, underscoring its potential impact on medical diagnostics.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2379-3694
    ISSN (online) 2379-3694
    DOI 10.1021/acssensors.4c00312
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Detection and Characterization of Bacterial Biofilms and Biofilm-Based Sensors.

    Funari, Riccardo / Shen, Amy Q

    ACS sensors

    2022  Volume 7, Issue 2, Page(s) 347–357

    Abstract: Microbial biofilms have caused serious concerns in healthcare, medical, and food industries because of their intrinsic resistance against conventional antibiotics and cleaning procedures and their capability to firmly adhere on surfaces for persistent ... ...

    Abstract Microbial biofilms have caused serious concerns in healthcare, medical, and food industries because of their intrinsic resistance against conventional antibiotics and cleaning procedures and their capability to firmly adhere on surfaces for persistent contamination. These global issues strongly motivate researchers to develop novel methodologies to investigate the kinetics underlying biofilm formation, to understand the response of the biofilm with different chemical and physical treatments, and to identify biofilm-specific drugs with high-throughput screenings. Meanwhile microbial biofilms can also be utilized positively as sensing elements in cell-based sensors due to their strong adhesion on surfaces. In this perspective, we provide an overview on the connections between sensing and microbial biofilms, focusing on tools used to investigate biofilm properties, kinetics, and their response to chemicals or physical agents, and biofilm-based sensors, a type of biosensor using the bacterial biofilm as a biorecognition element to capture the presence of the target of interest by measuring the metabolic activity of the immobilized microbial cells. Finally we discuss possible new research directions for the development of robust and rapid biofilm related sensors with high temporal and spatial resolutions, pertinent to a wide range of applications.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Biofilms ; Biosensing Techniques
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ISSN 2379-3694
    ISSN (online) 2379-3694
    DOI 10.1021/acssensors.1c02722
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Rheological scaling of ionic-liquid-based polyelectrolytes in ionic liquid solutions: the effect of the ion diameter of ionic liquids.

    Matsumoto, Atsushi / Shen, Amy Q

    Soft matter

    2022  Volume 18, Issue 21, Page(s) 4197–4204

    Abstract: We investigate the effect of the ion ... ...

    Abstract We investigate the effect of the ion diameter
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2191476-X
    ISSN 1744-6848 ; 1744-683X
    ISSN (online) 1744-6848
    ISSN 1744-683X
    DOI 10.1039/d2sm00484d
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Understanding the Role of Loss Modulus of Viscoelastic Substrates in the Evaporation Dynamics of Sessile Drops.

    Iqbal, Rameez / Matsumoto, Atsushi / Shen, Amy Q / Sen, Ashis K

    Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids

    2024  Volume 40, Issue 19, Page(s) 10035–10043

    Abstract: Viscoelastic properties of soft substrates play a crucial role in the evaporation dynamics of sessile drops. Recent studies have revealed that the modification of the viscoelastic properties of substrates changes the dynamics of the three-phase contact ... ...

    Abstract Viscoelastic properties of soft substrates play a crucial role in the evaporation dynamics of sessile drops. Recent studies have revealed that the modification of the viscoelastic properties of substrates changes the dynamics of the three-phase contact line, consequently affecting the evaporation behavior of sessile drops. Notably, these modifications occur without any noticeable changes to the substrate's wetting characteristics or surface topography. However, the individual role of storage (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2005937-1
    ISSN 1520-5827 ; 0743-7463
    ISSN (online) 1520-5827
    ISSN 0743-7463
    DOI 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00191
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Twisted fiber microfluidics: a cutting-edge approach to 3D spiral devices.

    Kato, Shunsuke / Carlson, Daniel W / Shen, Amy Q / Guo, Yuanyuan

    Microsystems & nanoengineering

    2024  Volume 10, Page(s) 14

    Abstract: The development of 3D spiral microfluidics has opened new avenues for leveraging inertial focusing to analyze small fluid volumes, thereby advancing research across chemical, physical, and biological disciplines. While traditional straight microchannels ... ...

    Abstract The development of 3D spiral microfluidics has opened new avenues for leveraging inertial focusing to analyze small fluid volumes, thereby advancing research across chemical, physical, and biological disciplines. While traditional straight microchannels rely solely on inertial lift forces, the novel spiral geometry generates Dean drag forces, eliminating the necessity for external fields in fluid manipulation. Nevertheless, fabricating 3D spiral microfluidics remains a labor-intensive and costly endeavor, hindering its widespread adoption. Moreover, conventional lithographic methods primarily yield 2D planar devices, thereby limiting the selection of materials and geometrical configurations. To address these challenges, this work introduces a streamlined fabrication method for 3D spiral microfluidic devices, employing rotational force within a miniaturized thermal drawing process, termed as mini-rTDP. This innovation allows for rapid prototyping of twisted fiber-based microfluidics featuring versatility in material selection and heightened geometric intricacy. To validate the performance of these devices, we combined computational modeling with microtomographic particle image velocimetry (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2055-7434
    ISSN (online) 2055-7434
    DOI 10.1038/s41378-023-00642-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Naturally derived colloidal rods in microfluidic flows.

    Calabrese, Vincenzo / Shen, Amy Q / Haward, Simon J

    Biomicrofluidics

    2023  Volume 17, Issue 2, Page(s) 21301

    Abstract: Naturally derived colloidal rods (CR) are promising building blocks for developing sustainable soft materials. Engineering new materials based on naturally derived CR requires an in-depth understanding of the structural dynamics and self-assembly of CR ... ...

    Abstract Naturally derived colloidal rods (CR) are promising building blocks for developing sustainable soft materials. Engineering new materials based on naturally derived CR requires an in-depth understanding of the structural dynamics and self-assembly of CR in dispersion under processing conditions. With the advancement of microfabrication techniques, many microfluidic platforms have been employed to study the structural dynamics of CR under flow. However, each microfluidic design has its
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1932-1058
    ISSN 1932-1058
    DOI 10.1063/5.0142867
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: High-throughput fabrication of high aspect ratio Ag/Al nanopillars for optical detection of biomarkers.

    Garifullina, Ainash / Shen, Amy Q

    Journal of materials chemistry. B

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 42, Page(s) 8851–8861

    Abstract: Nanomaterial-based optical techniques for biomarker detection have garnered tremendous attention from the nanofabrication community due to their high precision and enhanced limit of detection (LoD) features. These nanomaterials are highly responsive to ... ...

    Abstract Nanomaterial-based optical techniques for biomarker detection have garnered tremendous attention from the nanofabrication community due to their high precision and enhanced limit of detection (LoD) features. These nanomaterials are highly responsive to local refractive index (RI) fluctuations, and their RI unit sensitivity can be tuned by varying the chemical composition, geometry, and dimensions of the utilized nanostructures. To improve the sensitivity and LoD values of these nanomaterials, it is common to increase both dimensions and aspect ratios of the fabricated nanostructures. However, limited by the complexity, prolonged duration, and elevated costs of the available nanofabrication techniques, mass production of these nanostructures remains challenging. To address not only high accuracy, but also speed and production effectiveness in these nanostructures' fabrication, our work reports, for the first time, a fast, high-throughput, and cost-effective nanofabrication protocol for routine manufacturing of polymer-based nanostructures with high sensitivity and calculated LoD in the pM range by utilizing anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes as templates. Specifically, our developed platform consists of arrays of nearly uniform polystyrene nanopillars with an average diameter of ∼185 nm and aspect ratio of ∼11. We demonstrate that these nanostructures can be produced at a high speed and a notably low price, and that they can be efficiently applied for biosensing purposes after being coated with aluminum-doped silver (Ag/Al) thin films. Our platform successfully detected very low concentrations of human C-reactive protein (hCRP) and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein biomarkers in human plasma samples with LoDs of 11 and 5 pM, respectively. These results open new opportunities for day-to-day fabrication of high aspect ratio arrays of nanopillars that can be used as a base for nanoplasmonic sensors with competitive LoD values. This, in turn, contributes to the development of point-of-care devices and further improvement of the existing nanofabrication techniques, thereby enriching the fields of pharmacology, clinical analysis, and diagnostics.
    MeSH term(s) Aluminum Oxide/chemistry ; Biomarkers/blood ; Biosensing Techniques ; C-Reactive Protein/analysis ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/virology ; Dimethylpolysiloxanes/chemistry ; High-Throughput Screening Assays/methods ; Humans ; Limit of Detection ; Nanostructures/chemistry ; Point-of-Care Systems ; Polystyrenes/chemistry ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; SARS-CoV-2/metabolism ; Silver/chemistry ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/blood
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Dimethylpolysiloxanes ; Polystyrenes ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Silver (3M4G523W1G) ; baysilon (63148-62-9) ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4) ; Aluminum Oxide (LMI26O6933)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2702241-9
    ISSN 2050-7518 ; 2050-750X
    ISSN (online) 2050-7518
    ISSN 2050-750X
    DOI 10.1039/d1tb01556g
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Interfacial Tension Measurements in Microfluidic Quasi-Static Extensional Flows.

    Lee, Doojin / Shen, Amy Q

    Micromachines

    2021  Volume 12, Issue 3

    Abstract: Droplet microfluidics provides a versatile tool for measuring interfacial tensions between two immiscible fluids owing to its abilities of fast response, enhanced throughput, portability and easy manipulations of fluid compositions, comparing to ... ...

    Abstract Droplet microfluidics provides a versatile tool for measuring interfacial tensions between two immiscible fluids owing to its abilities of fast response, enhanced throughput, portability and easy manipulations of fluid compositions, comparing to conventional techniques. Purely homogeneous extension in the microfluidic device is desirable to measure the interfacial tension because the flow field enables symmetric droplet deformation along the outflow direction. To do so, we designed a microfluidic device consisting of a droplet production region to first generate emulsion droplets at a flow-focusing area. The droplets are then trapped at a stagnation point in the cross junction area, subsequently being stretched along the outflow direction under the extensional flow. These droplets in the device are either confined or unconfined in the channel walls depending on the channel height, which yields different droplet deformations. To calculate the interfacial tension for confined and unconfined droplet cases, quasi-static 2D Darcy approximation model and quasi-static 3D small deformation model are used. For the confined droplet case under the extensional flow, an effective viscosity of the two immiscible fluids, accounting for the viscosity ratio of continuous and dispersed phases, captures the droplet deformation well. However, the 2D model is limited to the case where the droplet is confined in the channel walls and deforms two-dimensionally. For the unconfined droplet case, the 3D model provides more robust estimates than the 2D model. We demonstrate that both 2D and 3D models provide good interfacial tension measurements under quasi-static extensional flows in comparison with the conventional pendant drop method.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2620864-7
    ISSN 2072-666X
    ISSN 2072-666X
    DOI 10.3390/mi12030272
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