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Article ; Online: How Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Affect Population Mobility in Taiwan?

Shih-Feng Liu / Hui-Chuan Chang / Jui-Fang Liu / Ho-Chang Kuo

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 10559, p

2022 Volume 10559

Abstract: Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) impairs the free movement of human beings. The study aims to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic affected population mobility. Methods: The study obtained Google COVID-19 population mobility report and e Taiwan ... ...

Abstract	Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) impairs the free movement of human beings. The study aims to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic affected population mobility. Methods: The study obtained Google COVID-19 population mobility report and e Taiwan COVID-19 pandemic information from Our World in Data. Results: During the Alpha wave, transit decreased the most, with an average difference of >50%, followed by parks, workplaces, groceries, and pharmacies. During the Omicron wave, the average population flow in parks and transit decreased by about 20%. During the pre-existing wave, the average population visits of transit decreased by 10% at the most, followed by parks and workplaces. The peak of daily new confirmed cases per million (7-day rolling average) was 25.02, 6.39, and 0.81 for Alpha, Omicron, and the pre-existing wave, respectively. Daily new confirmed cases per million people correlated with the change in population visits of various places (all p < 0.001). The reproduction rate (7-day rolling average) correlated with the change of population visits of most places, except retail and recreation. We conclude the Alpha variant affected more individuals than Omicron and pre-existing type. Furthermore, changes in population visits in transit were most impacted. This change was consistent with daily new confirmed cases per million people and reproduction rate (7-day rolling average). Conclusion: The Alpha variant affected more individuals than the Omicron and pre-existing types. Furthermore, changes in population visits in transit locations were most impacted. This change was consistent with the daily new number of confirmed cases per million people and the 7-day rolling average reproduction rate.
Keywords	population mobility ; COVID-19 ; pandemic ; Taiwan ; Alpha ; Omicron ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Comparison of the Characteristics and Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Different Types of Family Infections in Taiwan

Shih-Feng Liu / Nai-Ying Kuo / Ho-Chang Kuo

Journal of Clinical Medicine ; Volume 9 ; Issue 5

2020

Abstract: Background: There were some family infections of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Taiwan to date. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of different types of family infections with COVID-19 and to share Taiwan’ ...

Abstract	Background: There were some family infections of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Taiwan to date. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of different types of family infections with COVID-19 and to share Taiwan’ s experience. Material and methods: We collected cases of family infections of COVID-19 from 21 January 2020 to 16 March 2020. The data were collected from a series of press conference contents by Taiwan’ s Central Epidemic Command Center (CECC). Results: During this period, there were six family infections in Taiwan, including two couple infections, one imported family cluster infection, and three domestic family cluster infections. Compared to the former two, the starters (cases 19, 24, and 27) of domestic family cluster infections showed longer symptom-onset to diagnosis (p = 0.02) longer symptom-onset to quarantine or isolation (p = 0.01) higher first-generation reproduction number (p = 0.03) and more critical presentation (endotracheal tube insertion and intensive care unit (ICU) care) (p < 0.01). In addition, compared to the former two, the starters of the latter were older, had no history of travel, and had more underlying diseases and more mortality. There are more contacts of domestic family cluster infections, making epidemiological investigations more difficult and expensive. However, the second-generation reproduction number of the above three families was zero. Conclusion: Domestic family cluster infections of COVID-19 have different characteristics and outcomes from couple infection and imported family cluster infections in this study.
Keywords	coronavirus disease 2019 ; imported family infections ; domestic family infections ; couple infections ; covid19
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-19
Publisher	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Publishing country	ch
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparison of the Characteristics and Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Different Types of Family Infections in Taiwan

Shih-Feng Liu / Nai-Ying Kuo / Ho-Chang Kuo

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 9, Iss 1527, p

2020 Volume 1527

Abstract	Background: There were some family infections of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Taiwan to date. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of different types of family infections with COVID-19 and to share Taiwan’s experience. Material and methods: We collected cases of family infections of COVID-19 from 21 January 2020 to 16 March 2020. The data were collected from a series of press conference contents by Taiwan’s Central Epidemic Command Center (CECC). Results: During this period, there were six family infections in Taiwan, including two couple infections, one imported family cluster infection, and three domestic family cluster infections. Compared to the former two, the starters (cases 19, 24, and 27) of domestic family cluster infections showed longer symptom-onset to diagnosis ( p = 0.02); longer symptom-onset to quarantine or isolation ( p = 0.01); higher first-generation reproduction number ( p = 0.03); and more critical presentation (endotracheal tube insertion and intensive care unit (ICU) care) ( p < 0.01). In addition, compared to the former two, the starters of the latter were older, had no history of travel, and had more underlying diseases and more mortality. There are more contacts of domestic family cluster infections, making epidemiological investigations more difficult and expensive. However, the second-generation reproduction number of the above three families was zero. Conclusion: Domestic family cluster infections of COVID-19 have different characteristics and outcomes from couple infection and imported family cluster infections in this study.
Keywords	coronavirus disease 2019 ; imported family infections ; domestic family infections ; couple infections ; Medicine ; R ; covid19
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparison of laboratory data between children with COVID‐19 and influenza

Xiao‐Ping Liu / Mindy Ming‐Huey Guo / Shih‐Feng Liu / Ho‐Chang Kuo

Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 37, Iss 2, Pp 158-

2021 Volume 159

Keywords	Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: IL13 Promoter (−1055) Polymorphism Associated with Leukocyte Mitochondria DNA Copy Number in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Shih-Feng Liu / Hui-Chuan Chang / Yu-Ping Chang / Ho-Chang Kuo / Yuh-Chyn Tsai

Cells, Vol 11, Iss 3787, p

2022 Volume 3787

Abstract: IL13 polymorphism is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients with COPD have smaller numbers of mitochondria deoxyribonucleic acid copies (mtDNA-CN) than people without COPD do. However, whether IL13 polymorphism affects the ...

Abstract	IL13 polymorphism is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients with COPD have smaller numbers of mitochondria deoxyribonucleic acid copies (mtDNA-CN) than people without COPD do. However, whether IL13 polymorphism affects the mutation and recombination of mitochondria remains unclear. Data for patients with COPD and non-COPD were collected from Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital to enable a comparison of their leukocyte mtDNA-CN and the association of this information with IL-13 promoter (−1055) polymorphism. This study included 99 patients with COPD and 117 individuals without COPD. The non-COPD individuals included 77 healthy individuals that never smoked and 40 healthy smokers. The patients with COPD exhibited significantly lower mtDNA-CN than non-COPD did (250.34 vs. 440.03; p < 0.001); mtDNA-CN was particularly pronounced in individuals with the IL13 CC and CT genotypes compared with individuals with the TT genotype. When only individuals without COPD were considered and when all participants were considered, the differences in the mtDNA-CNs in individuals with the CC and CT genotypes were more significant than those in individuals with the TT genotype (448.4 and 533.6 vs. 282.8; p < 0.05 in non-COPD group); (368.8 and 362.6 vs. 249.6, p < 0.05 in all participants). The increase mtDNA-CN in the CC and CT genotypes was also more than that in the TT genotype in COPD patients, but showed no significance (260.1 and 230.5 vs. 149.9; p = 0.343). The finding shows that COPD is a mitochondria regulatory disorder and IL-13 promoter (−1055) polymorphism is associated with leukocyte mtDNA-CN. Developing COPD control methods based on mitochondrial regulation will be possible.
Keywords	IL13 polymorphism ; COPD ; leukocyte mitochondria DNA copy number ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effect of Music Intervention on Lung Expansion Exercises after Cardiothoracic Surgery

Guan-Yi Chen / Lan-Yuen Guo / I-Chun Chuang / Ho-Chang Kuo / Yuh-Chyn Tsai / Shih-Feng Liu

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 1589, p

2022 Volume 1589

Abstract: Background: Music intervention can reduce anxiety. This study analyzed the physiological changes from using music intervention after cardiothoracic surgery. Methods: Subjects were randomly assigned to the music group or the control group. The maximal ... ...

Abstract	Background: Music intervention can reduce anxiety. This study analyzed the physiological changes from using music intervention after cardiothoracic surgery. Methods: Subjects were randomly assigned to the music group or the control group. The maximal inspiratory pressure/maximal expiratory pressure (MIP/MEP), pulse oximeter oxygen saturation (SpO2), visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were compared. Results: Compared to the control group ( n = 9), the music group ( n = 9) had higher MIP and MEP during the overall test ( p < 0.05), with significant differences in the changes and time ( p < 0.001). However, only MEP was significant in terms of the interaction between music intervention and time ( p < 0.001). In terms of the groups, SpO2 and VAS were significant ( p < 0.05). SBP, SpO2, and VAS over time showed significant differences between the two groups ( p < 0.05). In terms of the interaction between music intervention and time, only SpO2 was significant ( p < 0.05). The STAI-S scale decreased by −5.7 ± 5.8 in the music group vs. −0.47 ± 9.37 in control group and the STAI-T scale increased by 4.17 ± 12.31 in the music group vs. 1.9 ± 9.29 in the control group, but showed no significance. Conclusions: Music intervention with nature sounds has a positive physiological impact and can reduce postoperative pain and anxiety in cardiothoracic surgery patients.
Keywords	music intervention ; cardiothoracic surgery ; lung function ; pain ; anxiety ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	780
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparison of BODE and ADO Indices in Predicting COPD-Related Medical Costs

Chin-Ling Li / Hui-Chuan Chang / Ching-Wan Tseng / Yuh-Chyn Tsai / Jui-Fang Liu / Meng-Lin Tsai / Meng-Chih Lin / Shih-Feng Liu

Medicina, Vol 59, Iss 577, p

2023 Volume 577

Abstract: Background and Objectives :The ADO (age, dyspnea, and airflow obstruction) and BODE (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity) indices are often used to evaluate the prognoses for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD); ... ...

Abstract	Background and Objectives :The ADO (age, dyspnea, and airflow obstruction) and BODE (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity) indices are often used to evaluate the prognoses for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD); however, an index suitable for predicting medical costs has yet to be developed. Materials and Methods : We investigated the BODE and ADO indices to predict medical costs and compare their predictive power. A total of 396 patients with COPD were retrospectively enrolled. Results : For hospitalization frequencies, BODE was R 2 = 0.093 ( p < 0.001), and ADO was R 2 = 0.065 ( p < 0.001); for hospitalization days, BODE was R 2 = 0.128 ( p < 0.001), and ADO was R 2 = 0.071 ( p < 0.001); for hospitalization expenses, BODE was R 2 = 0.020 ( p = 0.047), and ADO was R 2 = 0.012 ( p = 0.179). BODE and ADO did not differ significantly in the numbers of outpatient visits (BODE, R 2 = 0.012, p = 0.179; ADO, R 2 = 0.017, p = 0.082); outpatient medical expenses (BODE, R 2 = 0.012, p = 0.208; ADO, R 2 = 0.008, p = 0.364); and total medical costs (BODE, R 2 = 0.018, p = 0.072; ADO, R 2 = 0.016, p = 0.098). In conclusion, BODE and ADO indices were correlated with hospitalization frequency and hospitalization days. However, the BODE index exhibits slightly better predictive accuracy than the ADO index in these items.
Keywords	chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; BODE index ; ADO index ; medical cost ; prediction ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Serum IP-10 and IL-17 from Kawasaki disease patients induce calcification-related genes and proteins in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells in vitro

Shun-Fu Chang / Shih-Feng Liu / Cheng-Nan Chen / Ho-Chang Kuo

Cell & Bioscience, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2020 Volume 11

Abstract: Abstract Background Kawasaki disease (KD) is one of the major causes of heart disease and vasculitis in children under 5 years old in the world. Clinical evidence has shown that coronary artery calcification may develop in KD patients, however the ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Kawasaki disease (KD) is one of the major causes of heart disease and vasculitis in children under 5 years old in the world. Clinical evidence has shown that coronary artery calcification may develop in KD patients, however the mechanism has not been elucidated. Previous studies have found that interferon-γ-inducible protein (IP)-10 and interleukin (IL)-17 can be elevated and may play a role in KD development and coronary artery lesion formation. The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the possible role of plasma circulating IP-10 and IL-17 of KD patients in vascular calcification development and its underlying mechanism. Result Human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMCs) were used in this study. We found that HCASMCs treated with IP-10/IL-17-containing KD serum and co-treated with IP-10/IL-17 recombinant proteins could induce a phenotype that may promote vascular calcification by the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 6 autocrine effect. Moreover, the BMP6 autocrine stimulation in IP-10/IL-17 co-treated HCASMCs could upregulate the smad1/5-runx2 signaling activation, thus increasing the expression of bone matrix-related proteins, i.e., osteopontin, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase. Conclusions The presented in vitro results provided new insights into the comprehension of the pathogenesis of vascular calcification in SMCs in KD progression. Although additional in vivo experimental models should be completed to confirm the in vivo relevance of these in vitro findings, the results related to the autocrine role of BMP6 may provide a new direction for theranostic drug development to treat KD.
Keywords	Bone morphogenetic protein 6 ; Calcification ; Interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 ; Interleukin 17 ; Smooth muscle cells ; Biotechnology ; TP248.13-248.65 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Biochemistry ; QD415-436
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A novel score system of blood tests for differentiating Kawasaki disease from febrile children.

Chih-Min Tsai / Chi-Hsiang Chu / Xi Liu / Ken-Pen Weng / Shih-Feng Liu / Ying-Hsien Huang / Ho-Chang Kuo

PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 1, p e

2021 Volume 0244721

Abstract: Background Kawasaki disease is the most common cause of acquired heart disease among febrile children under the age of 5 years old. It is also a clinically diagnosed disease. In this study, we developed and assessed a novel score system using objective ... ...

Abstract	Background Kawasaki disease is the most common cause of acquired heart disease among febrile children under the age of 5 years old. It is also a clinically diagnosed disease. In this study, we developed and assessed a novel score system using objective parameters to differentiate Kawasaki disease from febrile children. Methods We analyzed 6,310 febrile children and 485 Kawasaki disease subjects in this study. We collected biological parameters of a routine blood test, including complete blood count with differential, C-reactive protein, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase. Receiver operating characteristic curve, logistic regression, and Youden's index were all used to develop the prediction model. Two other independent cohorts from different hospitals were used for verification. Results We obtained eight independent predictors (platelets, eosinophil, alanine aminotransferase, C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and monocyte) and found the top three scores to be eosinophil >1.5% (score: 7), alanine aminotransferase >30 U/L (score: 6), and C-reactive protein>25 mg/L (score: 6). A score of 14 represents the best sensitivity value plus specificity prediction rate for Kawasaki disease. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for our cohort were 0.824, 0.839, and 0.838, respectively. The verification test of two independent cohorts of Kawasaki disease patients (N = 103 and 170) from two different institutes had a sensitivity of 0.780 (213/273). Conclusion Our findings demonstrate a novel score system with good discriminatory ability for differentiating between children with Kawasaki disease and other febrile children, as well as highlight the importance of eosinophil in Kawasaki disease. Using this novel score system can help first-line physicians diagnose and then treat Kawasaki disease early.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Exertional Desaturation Has Higher Mortality Than Non-Desaturation in COPD

Shih-Feng Liu / Chien-Hung Chin / Ching-Wang Tseng / Yung-Che Chen / Ho-Chang Kuo

Medicina, Vol 57, Iss 1110, p

2021 Volume 1110

Abstract: Background and objectives: Exertional desaturation (ED) is often overlooked in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We aim to investigate the impact of ED on mortality and the predictors of ED in COPD. Materials and methods: A cohort of COPD ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives: Exertional desaturation (ED) is often overlooked in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We aim to investigate the impact of ED on mortality and the predictors of ED in COPD. Materials and methods: A cohort of COPD patients with clinically stable, widely ranging severities were enrolled. ED is defined as oxyhemoglobin saturation by pulse oximetry (SpO2) < 90% or a drop of ΔSpO2 ≥ 4% during a six-minute walk test (6MWT). Cox regression analysis is used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for three-year mortality. Results: A total of 113 patients were studied, including ED ( N = 34) and non-ED ( N = 79) groups. FVC (% of predicted value), FEV1/FVC (%), FEV1 (% of predicted value), DLCO (%), maximal inspiratory pressure, SpO2 during the 6MWT, GOLD stage, and COPD severity were significantly different between the ED and non-ED groups in univariate analysis. Low minimal SpO2 ( p < 0.001) and high maximal heart rate ( p = 0.04) during the 6MWT were significantly related to ED in multivariate analysis. After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, 6MWD, FEV1, mMRC, GOLD staging, exacerbation, hs-CRP, and fibrinogen, the mortality rate of the ED group was higher than that of the non-ED group ( p = 0.012; HR = 4.12; 95% CI 1.37–12.39). For deaths, the average survival time of ED was shorter than that of the non-ED group (856.4 days vs. 933.8 days, p = 0.033). Conclusion s : ED has higher mortality than non-ED in COPD. COPD should be assessed for ED, especially in patients with low minimal SpO2 and high maximal HR during the 6MWT.
Keywords	exertional desaturation ; COPD ; DLCO ; mortality ; 6MWT ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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