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  1. Book ; Online: SDC-HSDD-NDSA

    Shu, Hao

    Structure Detecting Cluster by Hierarchical Secondary Directed Differential with Normalized Density and Self-Adaption

    2023  

    Abstract: Density-based clustering could be the most popular clustering algorithm since it can identify clusters of arbitrary shape as long as different (high-density) clusters are separated by low-density regions. However, the requirement of the separateness of ... ...

    Abstract Density-based clustering could be the most popular clustering algorithm since it can identify clusters of arbitrary shape as long as different (high-density) clusters are separated by low-density regions. However, the requirement of the separateness of clusters by low-density regions is not trivial since a high-density region might have different structures which should be clustered into different groups. Such a situation demonstrates the main flaw of all previous density-based clustering algorithms we have known--structures in a high-density cluster could not be detected. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a density-based clustering scheme that not only has the ability previous ones have but could also detect structures in a high-density region not separated by low-density ones. The algorithm employs secondary directed differential, hierarchy, normalized density, as well as the self-adaption coefficient, and thus is called Structure Detecting Cluster by Hierarchical Secondary Directed Differential with Normalized Density and Self-Adaption, dubbed by SDC-HSDD-NDSA for short. To illustrate its effectiveness, we run the algorithm in several data sets. The results verify its validity in structure detection, robustness over noises, as well as independence of granularities, and demonstrate that it could outperform previous ones. The Python code of the paper could be found on https://github.com/Hao-B-Shu/SDC-HSDD-NDSA.

    Comment: 16 pages
    Keywords Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
    Subject code 006
    Publishing date 2023-07-02
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Traffic flow detection method based on improved SSD algorithm for intelligent transportation system.

    Su, Guodong / Shu, Hao

    PloS one

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) e0300214

    Abstract: With the development of the new generation communication system in China, the application of intelligent transportation system is more extensive, which brings higher demands for vehicle flow detection and monitoring. Traditional traffic flow detection ... ...

    Abstract With the development of the new generation communication system in China, the application of intelligent transportation system is more extensive, which brings higher demands for vehicle flow detection and monitoring. Traditional traffic flow detection modes often cannot meet the high statistical accuracy requirement and high-speed detection simultaneously. Therefore, an improved Inception module is integrated into the single shot multi box detector algorithm. An intelligent vehicle flow detection model is constructed based on the improved single shot multi box detector algorithm. According to the findings, the convergence speed of the improved algorithm was the fastest. When the test sample was the entire test set, the accuracy and precision values of the improved method were 93.6% and 96.0%, respectively, which were higher than all comparison target detection algorithms. The experimental results of traffic flow statistics showed that the model had the highest statistical accuracy, which converged during the training phase. During the testing phase, except for manual statistics, all methods had the lowest statistical accuracy on motorcycles. The average accuracy and precision of the designed model for various types of images were 96.9% and 96.8%, respectively. The calculation speed of this intelligent model was not significantly improved compared to the other two intelligent models, but it was significantly higher than manual monitoring methods. Two experimental data demonstrate that the intelligent vehicle flow detection model designed in this study has higher detection accuracy. The calculation speed has no significant difference compared with the traditional method, which is helpful to the traffic flow management in intelligent transportation system.
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; China ; Intelligence ; Motorcycles
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0300214
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Risks of Glaucoma among Individuals with Psoriasis: A Population-based Cohort Study.

    Li, Shu-Hao / Cheng, Chun-Yu

    Clinical and experimental dermatology

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: Psoriasis is a chronic systemic disorder with ocular involvement.: Objectives: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the risk of glaucoma among psoriatic patients.: Methods: Subjects of this cohort study were selected based on ... ...

    Abstract Background: Psoriasis is a chronic systemic disorder with ocular involvement.
    Objectives: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the risk of glaucoma among psoriatic patients.
    Methods: Subjects of this cohort study were selected based on Chang Gung Research Database from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2012. Follow-up ended on December 31, 2017. The participants of the control group were matched with the psoriatic group by gender, age, and index date at a 4:1 ratio. The hazard ratios of glaucoma were estimated using Cox regression analysis. We also evaluated the relationship between the risk of glaucoma and systemic therapies as well as phototherapy and topical corticosteroid in patients with psoriasis.
    Results: A total of 6,682 patients with psoriasis and 26,728 matched controls were enrolled. The study population is composed of mainly Males accounting for 64.2% of the study population. The psoriatic group had higher incidence rates than the control group for glaucoma (adjusted hazard ratio 1.405 [95% confidence interval, 1.051-1.879]). Psoriatic patients receiving psoralen and ultraviolet-A (PUVA) therapy for more than 200 sessions had an increased risk of glaucoma.
    Conclusions: Psoriatic patients had an increased risk of glaucoma. Long-term PUVA therapy raised the risk of glaucoma in psoriatic populations.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 195504-4
    ISSN 1365-2230 ; 0307-6938
    ISSN (online) 1365-2230
    ISSN 0307-6938
    DOI 10.1093/ced/llae073
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Analyses of the Key Technologies and Development Trends of Optical Networks from the Perspective of Standard Essential Patents

    Shu-Hao Chang

    Applied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 4, p

    2021  Volume 1583

    Abstract: Because of the advancement of 5G, mobile devices, and broadband, the development of optical network technologies has received increased research attention. However, studies have mostly focused on the technical or market aspects rather than employing a ... ...

    Abstract Because of the advancement of 5G, mobile devices, and broadband, the development of optical network technologies has received increased research attention. However, studies have mostly focused on the technical or market aspects rather than employing a macroscopic perspective to reveal the technology distribution of optical networks and the development trends in their key fields. Given that technologies disclosed by standard essential patents (SEPs) are the key technologies that determine the standards in relevant industries, we used SEPs optical networks as the basis of analyses and constructed a technology network. Therefore, the contribution of this study lies in bridging the research gap between two studies, using the perspective of SEPs to observe the key technologies in leading industry standard-setting. In addition to the aspects of technologies and markets addressed in existing studies, this study primarily discusses technology distribution and trends in optical networks. The results reveal that transmission of digital information, wireless communication networks and multiple communication are the key technical fields in developing optical networks, with wireless communication devices and digital information transmission being the main focus in recent years. Considering the gradual standardization of future optical network technologies and the fierce competition between manufacturers in SEP applications, relevant industries and universities should cooperate in key technical fields for research and development as well as in talent cultivation to facilitate the development of key technologies and industrial standards in optical networks. The current results may serve as a reference for both industry and academia with regard to research and development resource allocation.
    Keywords optical networks ; standard essential patents ; patent analysis ; network analysis ; technical analysis ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 303
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Alpha-synuclein in peripheral body fluid as a biomarker for Parkinson's disease.

    Shu, Hao / Zhang, Pengcheng / Gu, Lihua

    Acta neurologica Belgica

    2024  

    Abstract: Objective: Whether alpha-synuclein in peripheral body fluids can be used for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains in controversy. This study evaluates diagnostic potential of alpha-synuclein for PD in various peripheral body fluids using a ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Whether alpha-synuclein in peripheral body fluids can be used for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains in controversy. This study evaluates diagnostic potential of alpha-synuclein for PD in various peripheral body fluids using a meta-analysis approach.
    Methods: Studies published before October 2022 were searched in Web of Science and PubMed databases. The results were computed using the STATA 12.0 statistical software.
    Results: In plasma, PD patients exhibited elevated alpha-synuclein levels relative to healthy controls (HCs) [standard mean difference (SMD) = 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.42 to 1.15] with a sensitivity of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.64-0.89) and a specificity of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.90-0.98). Higher plasma alpha-synuclein levels were correlated with longer disease durations, higher Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor scores, and higher Hoehn and Yahr stages in PD patients. Plasma neural-derived exosomal alpha-synuclein levels (SMD = 1.82, 95% CI = 0.30 to 3.35), ratio of plasma neural-derived exosomal alpha-synuclein to total alpha-synuclein (SMD = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.19 to 2.33), and erythrocytic alpha-synuclein levels were also increased in PD patients (SMD = 6.57, 95% CI = 3.55 to 9.58). In serum, there was no significant difference in alpha-synuclein levels between PD patients and HCs (SMD = 0.54, 95% CI = - 0.27 to 1.34). In saliva, reduced alpha-synuclein levels were observed in PD patients (SMD = - 0.85, 95% CI = - 1.67 to - 0.04).
    Conclusions: Alpha-synuclein levels in plasma, plasma neural-derived exosome, erythrocyte, and saliva may serve as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of PD.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-03
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 127315-2
    ISSN 2240-2993 ; 0300-9009
    ISSN (online) 2240-2993
    ISSN 0300-9009
    DOI 10.1007/s13760-023-02452-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Stackelberg Game Analysis of E-Waste Recycling Stakeholders under Recovery Time Sensitivity and CRMs Life Expectancy Sensitivity

    Shu-Hao Li / Qiang Sun

    Sustainability, Vol 14, Iss 9054, p

    2022  Volume 9054

    Abstract: In order to discuss the participation selection strategy of relevant subjects in WEEE recycling, a Stackelberg game model of “recyclers—remanufacturers—government” in a WEEE recycling network is constructed, and the system’s stability strategy and ... ...

    Abstract In order to discuss the participation selection strategy of relevant subjects in WEEE recycling, a Stackelberg game model of “recyclers—remanufacturers—government” in a WEEE recycling network is constructed, and the system’s stability strategy and conditions are analyzed. Besides this, the direct and indirect effects of recovery time sensitivity, CRMs’ life expectancy sensitivity, and government subsidies on the optimal decision-making of both recyclers and remanufacturers are explored. The results show that the system can achieve a stable and ideal equilibrium, and achieve win–win for all parties, through reasonable profit transfer and cost-sharing. The dual sensitivity of manufacturers’ demand and policy subsidies has the same qualitative impact on the decision variables of the recyclers and remanufacturers. The subsidies vary depending on the CRMs’ recovery effort level of remanufacturers, and these can incentivize the remanufacturers to increase CRMs’ life expectancy. Moreover, a cost-sharing contract between recyclers and remanufacturers can avoid “free-riding” behavior in WEEE recycling. The research can assist in the benefit coordination and behavior adjustment of WEEE recycling members, and provide a theoretical basis for governments to formulate appropriate recycling subsidies to promote the formal recycling of E-waste.
    Keywords WEEE recycling network ; recovery time sensitivity ; CRMs’ life expectancy sensitivity ; cost-sharing ; Stackelberg model ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Book ; Online: Measurement-Device-Independenization of Quantum Key Distribution Protocols

    Shu, Hao

    2021  

    Abstract: Quantum key distribution(QKD) allows the legitimate partner to establish a secret key whose security only depends on physical laws. In recent years, research on QKD by employing insecure measurement devices, namely measurement-device-independent QKD (MDI- ...

    Abstract Quantum key distribution(QKD) allows the legitimate partner to establish a secret key whose security only depends on physical laws. In recent years, research on QKD by employing insecure measurement devices, namely measurement-device-independent QKD (MDI-QKD) is increased. MDI-QKD removes all attacks on measurement devices and thus an untrusted third party can be employed for measuring. However, a weakness of previous MDI-QKD protocols is the need for joint measurements such as Bell measurements whose efficiency is low in practice. On the other hand, can all QKD protocols become measurement-device-independent remains a problem. In this paper, we present a scheme making prepare-measure QKD protocols become MDI-QKD protocols, called $'measurement-device-independenization'$, which does not need to employ joint measurements and could be efficiently implemented by weak coherence sources. The protocol might look like the detector-device-independent(DDI) protocols but it is also secure under the Trojan horse attack. To illustrate this, we investigate the photon-number-adding(PNA) attack and present a scheme, called $'photon-number-purification'$, which can also be employed to close loopholes for previous protocols such as DDI and plug-and-play ones.

    Comment: 13 pages, 3 tables and 2 figures
    Keywords Quantum Physics
    Subject code 621
    Publishing date 2021-10-05
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Patent Analysis of the Critical Technology Network of Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers

    Shu-Hao Chang

    Applied Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 4, p

    2020  Volume 1552

    Abstract: With the development of 5G, mobile communication, and optical communication technologies, semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) have become an important research topic. However, most SOA-related studies have focused on a technical discussion or market ... ...

    Abstract With the development of 5G, mobile communication, and optical communication technologies, semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) have become an important research topic. However, most SOA-related studies have focused on a technical discussion or market research but have failed to indicate the critical SOA technologies and the SOA technology development trends. Therefore, this study analyzes SOA patents and constructs a technology network for SOA patents. The results indicate that the critical SOA technologies are mainly used in lasers, semiconductor lasers, light guides, electromagnetic wave transmission communication other than radio-wave communication, and devices controlling light sources. Among the five critical SOA technologies, lasers (H01S3) account for the highest percentage at 22.21%. Consequently, the critical technologies do not focus on specific technology fields but have characteristics of multiple technology fields. In addition, considerable development has occurred in semiconductor lasers in recent years. Finally, patentee analysis indicates that for SOA technologies, the public sector and academia play relatively weak roles in early technology development or following technology development. However, with the rapid development of mobile communication and optical communication, the government of each country can consider investing additional R&D funds and resources in the future. This study constructs a network model for patent technologies to explore the development tendencies for SOA technologies. This model can be used as a reference for R&D resource management and the promotion of new technologies.
    Keywords semiconductor optical amplifiers ; semiconductor lasers ; patent analysis ; patent network ; technology analysis ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 303
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article: Regular Risk Assessment in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension - A Whistleblower for Hidden Disease Progression.

    Wu, Shu-Hao / Wu, Yih-Jer

    Acta Cardiologica Sinica

    2022  Volume 38, Issue 2, Page(s) 113–123

    Abstract: Despite developments in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension, timely treatment is seldom achieved, and hidden progression is not uncommonly disguised as a seemingly "stable" condition. Appropriate risk assessment tools facilitate goal- ... ...

    Abstract Despite developments in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension, timely treatment is seldom achieved, and hidden progression is not uncommonly disguised as a seemingly "stable" condition. Appropriate risk assessment tools facilitate goal-oriented treatment strategies. This article aimed to review the development of these risk assessment tools including early assessment equations/scores, European guidelines-based risk assessment scores, and tools derived from the United States nationwide registry. A stepwise and regular approach with these assessment tools in clinical practice is highly recommended for timely treatment escalation to stop disease progression early. In this review, a practical and recommended algorithm of these assessment tools is also provided.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-07
    Publishing country China (Republic : 1949- )
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1051394-2
    ISSN 1011-6842
    ISSN 1011-6842
    DOI 10.6515/ACS.202203_38(2).20211005A
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: The first new drug for progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis.

    Hsu, Shu-Hao / Chen, Huey-Ling

    The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology

    2022  Volume 7, Issue 9, Page(s) 782–783

    MeSH term(s) Cholestasis ; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic/drug therapy ; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic/genetics ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ISSN 2468-1253
    ISSN (online) 2468-1253
    DOI 10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00158-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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