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Article ; Online: Leaching Kinetics of Aluminum from Alkali-Fused Spent Cathode Carbon Using Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Fluoride

Jie Yuan / Huijin Li / Shuang Ding

Processes, Vol 10, Iss 849, p

2022 Volume 849

Abstract: Abundant carbon resides in spent cathode carbon (SCC) of aluminum electrolysis and its high-purity carbon powder is conducive to high-value recycling. The alkali-fused SCC was separated and effectively purified using an HCl/NaF solution. Effects of ... ...

Abstract	Abundant carbon resides in spent cathode carbon (SCC) of aluminum electrolysis and its high-purity carbon powder is conducive to high-value recycling. The alkali-fused SCC was separated and effectively purified using an HCl/NaF solution. Effects of particle size, leaching temperature, time, initial acid concentration, and sodium fluoride dosage, on the purity of carbon powder and aluminum removal rate, were investigated. Using aluminum as the research object, kinetics of aluminum acid leaching were examined by single-factor experiments. Results showed that under an initial 4 M HCl concentration, particle size D(50) = 67.49 μm, liquid-solid ratio of 15:1, 333 K, 120 min, 0.3 M NaF, carbon powder with ash level below 1% were obtained in subsequent purification of SCC. The leaching process was described by Avram equation, the model characteristic parameter was 0.75147 and the apparent activation energy was 22.056 kJ/mol, which indicated a mixed control mechanism between chemical reactivity and diffusion. The kinetic reaction equation of leaching aluminum from alkali-fused SCC in a mixed HCl/NaF system was established.
Keywords	spent cathode carbon of aluminum electrolysis ; acid leaching ; kinetics ; Avrami equation ; Chemical technology ; TP1-1185 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	660 ; 541
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Thermal Activation of Coal Gangue with Low Al/Si Ratio as Supplementary Cementitious Materials

Xianli Yuan / Hong Wu / Ping Wang / Fen Xu / Shuang Ding

Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 7268, p

2022 Volume 7268

Abstract: To effectively utilize coal gangue (CG) with low Al/Si ratio, the thermal activation method was used. The activated CG, as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), was added into ordinary Portland cement (OPC) to study its physical properties. The ... ...

Abstract	To effectively utilize coal gangue (CG) with low Al/Si ratio, the thermal activation method was used. The activated CG, as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), was added into ordinary Portland cement (OPC) to study its physical properties. The XRD results show that CG undergoes a phase transition from kaolinite to metakaolinite during activation. The NMR tests reveal that the low polymerization state Q 3 is continuously broadened, and the Al coordination gradually changes from Al VI to Al V and Al IV . The CG particles are scale-like and glassy with a loose structure. By mixing the activated CG (under 800 °C) with cement (mass ratio = 3:7), the water demand of normal consistency increases by 7.2% and the initial and final setting times extend by 67 min and 81 min, respectively. The rough surface and loose structure of activated CG are the main factors contributing to the higher water demand of normal consistency. The micro-aggregate effect of the activated CG reduces the contact rate between the cement particles and water, and the interparticles, thus slowing down the process of hydration reaction, and leading to longer setting times.
Keywords	coal gangue ; low Al/Si ratio ; thermal activation ; supplementary cementitious material ; physical properties ; pozzolanic reactivity ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Function, Underlying Mechanism and Clinical Potential of Exosomes in Colorectal Cancer

Jinhong Han / Shuai Ma / Yao Zhao / Bingxian Wang / Shuang Ding / Yuhan Hu

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Vol 28, Iss 11, p

2023 Volume 302

Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a lethal malignancy worldwide. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles derived from the endosomal pathway of nearly all cells and can be found in body fluids. They can be considered an intercellular system in the human body that ... ...

Abstract	Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a lethal malignancy worldwide. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles derived from the endosomal pathway of nearly all cells and can be found in body fluids. They can be considered an intercellular system in the human body that can mediate near- and long-distance intercellular communication due to their features and functions. Investigations have revealed that exosomes are participated in different processes, physiologically and pathologically, especially in cancer. However, the clinical value of exosomes and their mechanisms of action in CRC are unclear and have not been systematically assessed. The purpose of this review is to discuss how exosomes play a role in the occurrence and development of CRC, with a particular focus on the functions and underlying mechanisms of tumor-derived exosomes as well as non-tumor-derived exosomes. We also describe the evidence that exosomes can be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers for CRC. In addition, the possibilities of exosomes in CRC clinical transformation are also discussed.
Keywords	colorectal cancer ; exosome ; biomarker ; diagnosis ; clinical transformation ; Biochemistry ; QD415-436 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	IMR Press
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: To Investigate the Occurrence and Development of Colorectal Cancer Based on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway

Jiateng Zhong / Shuang Ding / Xinyu Zhang / Wenyu Di / Xiaohui Wang / Hui Zhang / Yiyang Chen / Yongxi Zhang / Yuhan Hu

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Vol 28, Iss 2, p

2023 Volume 37

Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal, however, the underlying mechanisms of CRC remain largely unknown. New evidence suggests that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is closely related to CRC. PI3K/AKT/mTOR is a classical ... ...

Abstract	Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal, however, the underlying mechanisms of CRC remain largely unknown. New evidence suggests that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is closely related to CRC. PI3K/AKT/mTOR is a classical signaling pathway that is involved in a variety of biological processes, such as regulating cellular metabolism, autophagy, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Therefore, it plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of CRC. In this review, we focus on the role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in CRC, and its application of to the treatment of CRC. We review the importance of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in tumorigenesis, proliferation and progression, and pre-clinical and clinical experience with several PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitors in CRC.
Keywords	colorectal cancer ; pi3k/akt/mtor signaling pathway ; inhibitors ; Biochemistry ; QD415-436 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	500
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	IMR Press
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Revealing the impact of TOX3 on osteoarthritis

Zhengyan Wang / Shuang Ding / Chunyan Zhang / Hongsheng Zhan / Yunfei Li / Jing Yan / Yuyan Jia / Xukai Wang / Ying Wang

Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

insights from bioinformatics

2023 Volume 10

Abstract: Osteoarthritis, a prevalent long-term condition of the joints, primarily impacts older individuals, resulting in discomfort, restrictions in mobility, and a decrease in overall well-being. Although Osteoarthritis is widely spread, there is a lack of ... ...

Abstract	Osteoarthritis, a prevalent long-term condition of the joints, primarily impacts older individuals, resulting in discomfort, restrictions in mobility, and a decrease in overall well-being. Although Osteoarthritis is widely spread, there is a lack of successful interventions to stop the advancement of the condition. Numerous signaling pathways have been emphasized in recent research on Osteoarthritis, yet the diagnostic significance of numerous genes has not been investigated. To identify genes that were expressed differently in osteoarthritis, we utilized the Gene Expression Omnibus database. To identify marker genes, we built machine learning models including Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator and Random Forest. We categorized Osteoarthritis samples and performed immune cell infiltration analysis based on the expression patterns of these characteristic genes. Both the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator and Random Forest models selected six marker genes (TOX3, ARG1, CST7, RERGL, COL11A1, NCRNA00185) out of a total of 17 differentially expressed genes. The osteoarthritis samples were categorized into two groups, namely a high expression group and a low expression group, based on the median levels of TOX3 expression. Comparative analysis of these groups identified 85 differentially expressed genes, showing notable enrichment in pathways related to lipid metabolism in the group with high expression. Analysis of immune cell infiltration revealed noticeable differences in immune profiles among the two groups. The group with high expression of TOX3 showed a notable increase in Mast cells and Type II IFN Response, whereas B cells, Cytolytic activity, Inflammation-promoting cells, NK cells, pDCs, T cell co-inhibition, Th1 cells, and Th2 cells were significantly decreased. We constructed a ceRNA network for TOX3, revealing 57 lncRNAs and 18 miRNAs involved in 57 lncRNA-miRNA interactions, and 18 miRNA-mRNA interactions with TOX3. Validation of TOX3 expression was confirmed using an external ...
Keywords	osteoarthritis ; TOX high mobility group box family member 3 ; machine learning models ; immune infiltration analysis ; ceRNA network ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Analysis of Chinese National Standards on Packaging and the Environment (CNSPE) Based on Standard Literature Bibliometrics

Shuang Ding / Yanxin Gao / Haoxin Lin / Yi Zhu / Rui Zhang / Ling Lin / Bingsheng Xu / Dongfeng Gao

Sustainability, Vol 15, Iss 21, p

2023 Volume 15385

Abstract: This paper aims to understand the status of the Chinese National Standards on Packaging and the Environment (CNSPE), analyze the existing problems, and discover their possible solutions. Based on the standard bibliometric literature, the metadata ... ...

Abstract	This paper aims to understand the status of the Chinese National Standards on Packaging and the Environment (CNSPE), analyze the existing problems, and discover their possible solutions. Based on the standard bibliometric literature, the metadata information from the CNSPE have been collected and analyzed. The results indicated that the number of CNSPE released showed a wave-like growth with two peaks during 2006–2010 and 2016–2020 driven by both external and internal factors. The basic standard was the main standard sort. The average valid period of a CNSPE was 5.90 years, while the update rate was 23.33%. Public institutions lead the drafting committee of the CNSPE. The percentage of adopting the international or foreign standards was 28.86%, and the average conversion time was 7.61 years. There were four problems deduced from the results, including the unbalanced supply of different sorts of CNSPE, long valid period of standards with low update rates, low engagement of the enterprises, and loose links between national standards and international standards. The corresponding solutions are (1) strengthening market research and combining with policy development to optimize the supply of different sorts of CNSPE; (2) improving the process management ability of standardization organizations to enhance the supervision and feedback of standards development and implementation; (3) providing trainings and broadening dissemination while fulfilling the reward mechanism; and (4) enhancing the compatibility between the national standards system and the international standards system to promote the standard internationalization level.
Keywords	Chinese National Standards on Packaging and the Environment (CNSPE) ; standard literature bibliometric ; status ; problem ; solution ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	380
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Clodronate liposomes may biases MSC differentiation toward adipogenesis through activation of NLRP3

Shuang Ding / Yuhan Wang / Zhiting Liu / Yuwei Du / Yi Zhou / Yahui Liu / Jingfang Sun / Yue Li / Lingyu Zeng

Regenerative Therapy, Vol 24, Iss , Pp 54-

2023 Volume 63

Abstract: Introduction: Clodronate-Liposomes (Clod-Lipo) injection after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been shown to be detrimental to hematopoietic reconstitution after transplantation, and our previous study showed that Clod-Lipo injection ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Clodronate-Liposomes (Clod-Lipo) injection after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been shown to be detrimental to hematopoietic reconstitution after transplantation, and our previous study showed that Clod-Lipo injection after HSCT increased adipocytes in the bone marrow cavity of mice after HSCT, but the reason for the large increase in adipocytes has not been clearly explained. The aim of this study was to investigate the source and mechanism of bone marrow cavity adipocytes after HSCT injection of Clod-Lipo. Methods: BALB/c mice received 7.5 Gy of total body irradiation followed by infusion of 5x106 bone marrow mononuclear cells from C57BL/6 via the tail vein. Clod-Lipo were injected through the tail vein on the first day after HSCT and every 5 days for the rest of the day. BALB/c mice were then divided into three groups: BMT, BMT + Clodronate-Liposomes (BMT + Clod-Lipo), and BMT + PBS-Liposomes (BMT + PBS-Lipo). Bone marrow pathological changes were detected by H&E staining, Western blot was used to detect the expression of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 in mouse bone marrow cells, and RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression levels of the key transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBPα) mRNA in bone marrow cells. Mouse mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) cultured in vitro were identified by flow cytometry, and adipocyte induction assays were performed using Clod-Lipo action for 24 h, Oil red staining was used to identify adipogenesis. Western blot was performed to detect NLRP3 and caspase-1 expression in MSC after Clod-Lipo action. Caspase-1 was blocked with Ac-YVAD-cmk (Ac-YV), followed by adipogenesis assay after 24 h of Clod-Lipo action to observe the change in the amount of adipogenesis. Results: Compared with the other two groups, a significant increase in adipocytes was found in the Clod-Lipo group by HE staining, and increased expression of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 in mouse bone marrow cells was found by western ...
Keywords	Clodronate-liposomes ; HSCT ; NLRP3 ; Adipocytes ; MSC ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Cytology ; QH573-671
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effect of Zirconia Polymorph on Vapor-Phase Ketonization of Propionic Acid

Shuang Ding / Jiankang Zhao / Qiang Yu

Catalysts, Vol 9, Iss 9, p

2019 Volume 768

Abstract: Vapor-phase ketonization of propionic acid derived from biomass was studied at 300−375 °C over ZrO 2 with different zirconia polymorph. The tetragonal ZrO 2 (t-ZrO 2 ) are more active than monoclinic ZrO 2 (m-ZrO 2 ). The results of characterizations ... ...

Abstract	Vapor-phase ketonization of propionic acid derived from biomass was studied at 300−375 °C over ZrO 2 with different zirconia polymorph. The tetragonal ZrO 2 (t-ZrO 2 ) are more active than monoclinic ZrO 2 (m-ZrO 2 ). The results of characterizations from X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman suggest m-ZrO 2 and t-ZrO 2 are synthesized by the solvothermal method. NH 3 and CO 2 temperature-programmed desorption (NH 3 -TPD and CO 2 -TPD) measurements show that there were more medium-strength Lewis acid base sites with lower coordination exposed on m-ZrO 2 relative to t-ZrO 2 , increasing the adsorption strength of propionic acid. The in situ DRIFTS (Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy) of adsorbed propionic acid under ketonization reaction reveal that as the most abundant surface intermediates, the monodentate propionates are more active than bidentate propionates. In comparison with m-ZrO 2 , the t-ZrO 2 surface favors monodentate adsorption over bidentate adsorption. Additionally, the adsorption strength of monodentate propionate is weaker on t-ZrO 2 . These differences in adsorption configuration and adsorption strength of propionic acid are affected by the zirconia structure. The higher surface concentration and weaker adsorption strength of monodentate propionates contribute to the higher ketonization rate in the steady state.
Keywords	monoclinic ZrO 2 ; tetragonal ZrO 2 ; ketonization ; propionic acid ; in situ infrared spectroscopy ; Chemical technology ; TP1-1185 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	290
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Current progression in application of extracellular vesicles in central nervous system diseases

Xiang-Min Zhang / Jie Huang / Xiao-Ying Ni / Hui-Ru Zhu / Zhong-Xin Huang / Shuang Ding / Xin-Yi Yang / Yan-Di Tan / Jian-Fu Chen / Jin-Hua Cai

European Journal of Medical Research, Vol 29, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2024 Volume 14

Abstract: Abstract Early diagnosis and pharmacological treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases has been a long-standing challenge for clinical research due to the presence of the blood–brain barrier. Specific proteins and RNAs in brain-derived ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Early diagnosis and pharmacological treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases has been a long-standing challenge for clinical research due to the presence of the blood–brain barrier. Specific proteins and RNAs in brain-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) usually reflect the corresponding state of brain disease, and therefore, EVs can be used as diagnostic biomarkers for CNS diseases. In addition, EVs can be engineered and fused to target cells for delivery of cargo, demonstrating the great potential of EVs as a nanocarrier platform. We review the progress of EVs as markers and drug carriers in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases. The main areas include visual imaging, biomarker diagnosis and drug loading therapy for different types of CNS diseases. It is hoped that increased knowledge of EVs will facilitate their clinical translation in CNS diseases.
Keywords	Extracellular vesicles ; Central nervous system diseases ; Image ; Molecular therapy ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Real-Time Measurement Method of Air Refractive Index Based on Special Material Etalon

Guo-Ying Ren / Xing-Hua Qu / Shuang Ding

Applied Sciences, Vol 8, Iss 11, p

2018 Volume 2325

Abstract: In the precise displacement measurement based on laser interferometry, the measurement technology for the refractive index of air is widely used to improve the measurement accuracy. However, the existing measurement method of the refractive index of air ... ...

Abstract	In the precise displacement measurement based on laser interferometry, the measurement technology for the refractive index of air is widely used to improve the measurement accuracy. However, the existing measurement method of the refractive index of air based on direct measurement is not easy to realize in practical work because of its complex measurement principle and the huge volume of the measurement device; while the measurement accuracy and speed based on the indirect method cannot adapt to the real-time, fast and accurate measurement requirements of industrially changing environments, resulting in distortion of the results. In this study, a measurement method of the refractive index of air based on a special material etalon is proposed. The method enables rapid and direct measurement of the air refractive index when the environment changes and it is given the realization process. Finally, the experimental results show that the deviation between this method and the modified Edlen formula is about 2.5 × 10 −7 , and that this method can quickly reflect the changes of the environment, which prove the correctness of this method and its ability manage rapid environmental responses. This method is worth popularizing in industrial measurement.
Keywords	metrology ; precision measurement ; air refractive index ; wavelength correction ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	620
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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