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  1. Article ; Online: Preventing exacerbations of COPD--advice from Hippocrates.

    Siafakas, Nikolaos M

    The New England journal of medicine

    2011  Volume 365, Issue 8, Page(s) 753–754

    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Azithromycin/therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Azithromycin (83905-01-5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-08-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Editorial
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMe1106979
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  2. Article ; Online: Does the Term "Deflators" Reflect More Accurately the Beneficial Effects of Long-acting Bronchodilators in COPD?

    Kostikas, Konstantinos / Siafakas, Nikolaos M

    COPD

    2016  Volume 13, Issue 5, Page(s) 537–539

    Language English
    Publishing date 2016
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2171107-0
    ISSN 1541-2563 ; 1541-2555
    ISSN (online) 1541-2563
    ISSN 1541-2555
    DOI 10.3109/15412555.2016.1153615
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  3. Article ; Online: Is the inflammatory response of the lungs in COPD abnormal?

    Siafakas, Nikolaos M / Tzortzaki, Eleni G

    Chest

    2011  Volume 140, Issue 2, Page(s) 561–562

    MeSH term(s) Airway Resistance/physiology ; Asthma/drug therapy ; Asthma/physiopathology ; Humans ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 1032552-9
    ISSN 1931-3543 ; 0012-3692
    ISSN (online) 1931-3543
    ISSN 0012-3692
    DOI 10.1378/chest.11-0224
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  4. Article ; Online: Novel insights into the aetiology and pathophysiology of increased airway inflammation during COPD exacerbations

    Tsoumakidou Maria / Siafakas Nikolaos M

    Respiratory Research, Vol 7, Iss 1, p

    2006  Volume 80

    Abstract: Abstract Airway inflammation increases during acute exacerbations of COPD. Extrinsic factors, such as airway infections, increased air pollution, and intrinsic factors, such as increased oxidative stress and altered immunity may contribute to this ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Airway inflammation increases during acute exacerbations of COPD. Extrinsic factors, such as airway infections, increased air pollution, and intrinsic factors, such as increased oxidative stress and altered immunity may contribute to this increase. The evidence for this and the potential mechanisms by which various aetiological agents increase inflammation during COPD exacerbations is reviewed. The pathophysiologic consequences of increased airway inflammation during COPD exacerbations are also discussed. This review aims to establish a cause and effect relationship between etiological factors of increased airway inflammation and COPD exacerbations based on recently published data. Although it can be speculated that reducing inflammation may prevent and/or treat COPD exacerbations, the existing anti-inflammatory treatments are modestly effective.
    Keywords Diseases of the respiratory system ; RC705-779 ; Specialties of internal medicine ; RC581-951 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Internal medicine ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BioMed Central
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Asthma in the Elderly: Can We Distinguish It from COPD?

    Tzortzaki, Eleni G / Proklou, Athanasia / Siafakas, Nikolaos M

    Journal of allergy

    2011  Volume 2011, Page(s) 843543

    Abstract: Asthma in older adults affects quality of life and results in a higher hospitalization rate and mortality. In common clinical practice, asthma in the elderly is underdiagnosed and undertreated or overdiagnosed and mistreated. The age-related reduction in ...

    Abstract Asthma in older adults affects quality of life and results in a higher hospitalization rate and mortality. In common clinical practice, asthma in the elderly is underdiagnosed and undertreated or overdiagnosed and mistreated. The age-related reduction in perception of shortness of breath and the high incidence of comorbidities make the diagnosis and management more difficult and challenging for the physicians. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is usually easy to distinguish from asthma, but sometimes the distinction from late-onset asthma in older patients, particularly in cigarette smokers, is difficult and may be impossible. Both diseases are characterized by the presence of airflow obstruction but have distinct pathogenesis, inflammatory pattern, and prognosis. The distinction between Asthma and COPD based simply on spirometric parameters is difficult especially in the elderly asthmatics. The combination of lung function testing, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and atopy status, HRCT scans, and the newly developed biological techniques, allowing the assessment of biomarker profiles, could facilitate the distinction between these diseases.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-06-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2571416-8
    ISSN 1687-9791 ; 1687-9783
    ISSN (online) 1687-9791
    ISSN 1687-9783
    DOI 10.1155/2011/843543
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  6. Article ; Online: Novel insights into the aetiology and pathophysiology of increased airway inflammation during COPD exacerbations.

    Tsoumakidou, Maria / Siafakas, Nikolaos M

    Respiratory research

    2006  Volume 7, Page(s) 80

    Abstract: Airway inflammation increases during acute exacerbations of COPD. Extrinsic factors, such as airway infections, increased air pollution, and intrinsic factors, such as increased oxidative stress and altered immunity may contribute to this increase. The ... ...

    Abstract Airway inflammation increases during acute exacerbations of COPD. Extrinsic factors, such as airway infections, increased air pollution, and intrinsic factors, such as increased oxidative stress and altered immunity may contribute to this increase. The evidence for this and the potential mechanisms by which various aetiological agents increase inflammation during COPD exacerbations is reviewed. The pathophysiologic consequences of increased airway inflammation during COPD exacerbations are also discussed. This review aims to establish a cause and effect relationship between etiological factors of increased airway inflammation and COPD exacerbations based on recently published data. Although it can be speculated that reducing inflammation may prevent and/or treat COPD exacerbations, the existing anti-inflammatory treatments are modestly effective.
    MeSH term(s) Air Pollutants/adverse effects ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Bacterial Infections/complications ; Humans ; Inflammation/drug therapy ; Inflammation/etiology ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Neutrophils/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/etiology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Virus Diseases/complications
    Chemical Substances Air Pollutants ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Antioxidants ; Reactive Oxygen Species
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-05-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2041675-1
    ISSN 1465-993X ; 1465-9921
    ISSN (online) 1465-993X
    ISSN 1465-9921
    DOI 10.1186/1465-9921-7-80
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  7. Article: Clinical presentation and management of empyema, lung abscess and pleural effusion.

    Schiza, Sophia / Siafakas, Nikolaos M

    Current opinion in pulmonary medicine

    2006  Volume 12, Issue 3, Page(s) 205–211

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Pleural effusions, lung abscess and empyema remain a commonly encountered clinical problem and a significant source of morbidity. The aim of this review is to summarize recent developments with emphasis on controlled trials.: Recent ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Pleural effusions, lung abscess and empyema remain a commonly encountered clinical problem and a significant source of morbidity. The aim of this review is to summarize recent developments with emphasis on controlled trials.
    Recent findings: There is wide variation in the management of infectious pleural effusions, partly because of the relative lack of randomized controlled trials. The recent MRC/BTS UK controlled trial of interapleural streptokinase for pleural infection assessed the efficacy of intrapleural streptokinase compared with placebo in complicated parapneumonic effusions. The study showed no difference in the primary end point, mortality, or in the need for surgery or length of the hospital stay among patients with pleural infection. The first large report published for over a decade has suggested that the bacteriological characteristics of lung abscess have changed.
    Summary: The major recent development in the management of pleural infections is the finding that we should dampen the ardor for the routine use of fibrinolytic agents in all patients with pleural infections. We strongly recommend the necessity for additional, well-designed trials to help determine optimal care for these seriously ill patients.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use ; Empyema, Pleural/diagnosis ; Empyema, Pleural/therapy ; Fibrinolytic Agents/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lung Abscess/diagnosis ; Lung Abscess/therapy ; Pleural Effusion/diagnosis ; Pleural Effusion/therapy ; Thoracoscopy
    Chemical Substances Anti-Infective Agents ; Fibrinolytic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1285505-4
    ISSN 1531-6971 ; 1070-5287 ; 1078-1641
    ISSN (online) 1531-6971
    ISSN 1070-5287 ; 1078-1641
    DOI 10.1097/01.mcp.0000219270.73180.8b
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4900: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Pulmonary involvement and allergic disorders in inflammatory bowel disease.

    Tzanakis, Nikolaos E / Tsiligianni, Ioanna G / Siafakas, Nikolaos M

    World journal of gastroenterology

    2010  Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) 299–305

    Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been associated with either clinical or subclinical airway and parenchymal lung involvement and interstitial lung complications. Several studies have reported that atopy has a high prevalence in IBD patients. ... ...

    Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been associated with either clinical or subclinical airway and parenchymal lung involvement and interstitial lung complications. Several studies have reported that atopy has a high prevalence in IBD patients. Overlapping allergic disorders seem to be present in both the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. The purpose of this review is to update clinicians on recent available literature and to discuss the need for a highly suspicious approach by clinicians.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Hypersensitivity/epidemiology ; Hypersensitivity/physiopathology ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/complications ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/physiopathology ; Lung/physiopathology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/epidemiology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/physiopathology ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-01-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2185929-2
    ISSN 2219-2840 ; 1007-9327
    ISSN (online) 2219-2840
    ISSN 1007-9327
    DOI 10.3748/wjg.v16.i3.299
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    Zs.A 6039: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: DNA damage due to oxidative stress in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

    Neofytou, Eirini / Tzortzaki, Eleni G / Chatziantoniou, Argiro / Siafakas, Nikolaos M

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2012  Volume 13, Issue 12, Page(s) 16853–16864

    Abstract: According to the American Thorasic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) Statement, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined as a preventable and treatable disease with a strong genetic component, characterized by airflow ... ...

    Abstract According to the American Thorasic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) Statement, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined as a preventable and treatable disease with a strong genetic component, characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible, but is usually progressive and associated with an enhanced inflammatory response of the lung to noxious particles or gases. The main features of COPD are chronic inflammation of the airways and progressive destruction of lung parenchyma and alveolar structure. The pathogenesis of COPD is complex due to the interactions of several mechanisms, such as inflammation, proteolytic/antiproteolytic imbalance, oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, enhanced senescence of the structural cells and defective repair processes. This review focuses on the effects of oxidative DNA damage and the consequent immune responses in COPD. In susceptible individuals, cigarette smoke injures the airway epithelium generating the release of endogenous intracellular molecules or danger-associated molecular patterns from stressed or dying cells. These signals are captured by antigen presenting cells and are transferred to the lymphoid tissue, generating an adaptive immune response and enhancing chronic inflammation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; DNA Damage/physiology ; DNA Repair/physiology ; Genomic Instability ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats/genetics ; Mutation ; Oxidative Stress/physiology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/genetics ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/metabolism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-12-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms131216853
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  10. Article ; Online: Comparative mortality risk of tiotropium administered via handihaler or respimat in COPD patients: are they equivalent?

    Mathioudakis, Alexander G / Chatzimavridou-Grigoriadou, Victoria / Evangelopoulou, Efstathia / Mathioudakis, Georgios A / Siafakas, Nikolaos M

    Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics

    2014  Volume 28, Issue 2, Page(s) 91–97

    Abstract: Background: Tiotropium bromide, once daily, long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator is either administered by handihaler metered dose inhaler or by respimat soft mist inhaler. It has been proved to improve lung function, daily symptoms and quality of ...

    Abstract Background: Tiotropium bromide, once daily, long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator is either administered by handihaler metered dose inhaler or by respimat soft mist inhaler. It has been proved to improve lung function, daily symptoms and quality of life and to decrease the exacerbation and hospitalisation rate of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Although the efficacy of both formulations is undeniable, concerns have been raised on their effect on cardiovascular and general mortality.
    Methods: Two independent authors systematically reviewed Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov to collect clinical trials, observational studies and meta-analyses studying the safety of tiotropium. The reference list of all the included studies were also reviewed.
    Results: Limited, early studies suggested a potential increase in cardiovascular and general mortality associated with tiotropium handihaler, but these data were outweighed by following larger trials, real-life studies and meta-analyses which proved the opposite. On the other hand, data on tiotropium respimat (5 μg) have been contradictory, with different studies suggesting increased cardiovascular and general mortality compared to handihaler (18 μg) or placebo, especially in patients with comorbid diseases. TIOSPIR trial suggests comparable safety of the two formulations. However the exclusion of patients with pre-existing unstable cardiovascular disease, moderate or severe kidney disease or any other significantly disease may limit the generizability of these results.
    Conclusion: Although the two tiotropium formulations have similar efficacy, current data cannot prove safety equivalence, since respimat may be associated with increased cardiovascular and general mortality, especially in patients with comorbid diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Inhalation ; Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage ; Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects ; Bronchodilator Agents/therapeutic use ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality ; Humans ; Metered Dose Inhalers ; Nebulizers and Vaporizers ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/mortality ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology ; Quality of Life ; Scopolamine Derivatives/administration & dosage ; Scopolamine Derivatives/adverse effects ; Scopolamine Derivatives/therapeutic use ; Tiotropium Bromide
    Chemical Substances Bronchodilator Agents ; Scopolamine Derivatives ; Tiotropium Bromide (XX112XZP0J)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1399707-5
    ISSN 1522-9629 ; 1094-5539
    ISSN (online) 1522-9629
    ISSN 1094-5539
    DOI 10.1016/j.pupt.2014.04.009
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2389: Show issues Location:
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