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  1. Article: [Presumed consent for organ donation in Iceland].

    Sigvaldason, Kristinn

    Laeknabladid

    2018  Volume 104, Issue 7, Page(s) 331

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Iceland ; Presumed Consent ; Tissue Donors ; Tissue and Organ Procurement/methods
    Language Icelandic
    Publishing date 2018-07-20
    Publishing country Iceland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 806661-9
    ISSN 1670-4959 ; 0023-7213
    ISSN (online) 1670-4959
    ISSN 0023-7213
    DOI 10.17992/lbl.2018.0708.190
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  2. Article: Naeringarthörf sjúklinga á sjúkradeildum.

    Sigvaldason, Kristinn

    Laeknabladid

    2013  Volume 99, Issue 2, Page(s) 69

    Title translation Nutrition in hospitalized patients.
    MeSH term(s) Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage ; Energy Intake ; Food Service, Hospital ; Hospital Departments ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Thoracic Surgical Procedures
    Chemical Substances Dietary Proteins
    Language Icelandic
    Publishing date 2013-01-31
    Publishing country Iceland
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 806661-9
    ISSN 1670-4959 ; 0023-7213
    ISSN (online) 1670-4959
    ISSN 0023-7213
    DOI 10.17992/lbl.2013.02.480
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  3. Article ; Online: Cardiac arrest in a COVID-19 patient after receiving succinylcholine for tracheal reintubation.

    Sigurdsson, Theodor S / Þorvaldsson, Asgeir P / Asgeirsdottir, Sigrun / Sigvaldason, Kristinn

    British journal of anaesthesia

    2020  Volume 125, Issue 2, Page(s) e255–e257

    MeSH term(s) Androstanols ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections ; Critical Illness ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Succinylcholine
    Chemical Substances Androstanols ; Succinylcholine (J2R869A8YF)
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80074-0
    ISSN 1471-6771 ; 0007-0912
    ISSN (online) 1471-6771
    ISSN 0007-0912
    DOI 10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.073
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  4. Article ; Online: [Critical care management of patients with spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage - a review].

    Kristinsdottir, Eyrun Arna / Asgeirsdottir, Sigrun / Skulason, Halldor / Bjornsson, Aron / Vilmarsson, Vilhjalmur / Sigvaldason, Kristinn

    Laeknabladid

    2021  Volume 107, Issue 11, Page(s) 529–533

    Abstract: Spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage is characterized by extravasation of blood into the subarachnoid space without a preceding trauma. The leading cause is a ruptured intracranial aneurysm. Serious neurologic complications can occur, such as rebleeding, ...

    Abstract Spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage is characterized by extravasation of blood into the subarachnoid space without a preceding trauma. The leading cause is a ruptured intracranial aneurysm. Serious neurologic complications can occur, such as rebleeding, cerebral vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia. Subarachnoid haemorrhage is a serious condition with a high mortality rate and those who survive often suffer long-term consequences. Prevention of rebleeding by aneurysm repair is essential and guidelines recommend this procedure should be done as soon as possible or within 72 hours. Management requires intensive care with emphasis on accurate blood pressure control, maintaining normal fluid and electrolyte balance and monitoring the level of consciousness. All patients should be treated with the calcium channel blocker nimodipine to reduce the risk of vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia which are among the most serious complications of subarachnoid haemorrhage.
    MeSH term(s) Aneurysm, Ruptured ; Critical Care ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/diagnosis ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/therapy ; Vasospasm, Intracranial/diagnosis ; Vasospasm, Intracranial/etiology ; Vasospasm, Intracranial/prevention & control
    Language Icelandic
    Publishing date 2021-10-27
    Publishing country Iceland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 806661-9
    ISSN 1670-4959 ; 0023-7213
    ISSN (online) 1670-4959
    ISSN 0023-7213
    DOI 10.17992/lbl.2021.11.661
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Utilization and outcomes of tracheostomies in the intensive care unit in Iceland in 2007-2020: A descriptive study.

    Kristinsdottir, Eyrun A / Sigvaldason, Kristinn / Karason, Sigurbergur / Jonasdottir, Rannveig J / Bodvarsdottir, Regina / Olafsson, Oddur / Tryggvason, Geir / Gudbjartsson, Tomas / Sigurdsson, Martin I

    Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica

    2022  Volume 66, Issue 8, Page(s) 996–1002

    Abstract: Background: Tracheostomies are commonly utilized in ICU patients due to prolonged mechanical ventilation, upper airway obstruction, or surgery in the face/neck region. However, practices regarding the timing of placement and utilization vary. This study ...

    Abstract Background: Tracheostomies are commonly utilized in ICU patients due to prolonged mechanical ventilation, upper airway obstruction, or surgery in the face/neck region. However, practices regarding the timing of placement and utilization vary. This study provides a nationwide overview of tracheostomy utilization and outcomes in the ICU over a 14-year period.
    Methods: A retrospective study including all patients that received a tracheostomy during their ICU stay in Iceland between 2007 and 2020. Data were retrieved from hospital records on admission cause, comorbidities, indication for tracheostomy insertion, duration of mechanical ventilation before and after tracheostomy placement, extubation attempts, complications, length of ICU and hospital stay and survival. Descriptive statistics were provided, and survival analysis was performed using Cox regression.
    Results: A total of 336 patients (median age 64 years, 33% females) received a tracheostomy during the study period. The most common indication for tracheostomy insertion was respiratory failure, followed by neurological disorders. The median duration of mechanical ventilation prior to tracheostomy insertion was 9 days and at least one extubation had been attempted in 35% of the cases. Percutaneous tracheostomies were 32%. The overall rate of complications was 25% and the most common short-term complication was bleeding (5%). In-hospital mortality was 33%. The one- and five-year survival rate was 60% and 44%, respectively.
    Conclusions: We describe a whole-nation practice of tracheostomies. A notable finding is the relatively low rate of extubation attempts prior to tracheostomy insertion. Future work should focus on standardization of assessing the need for tracheostomy and the role of extubation attempts prior to tracheostomy placement.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Iceland/epidemiology ; Intensive Care Units ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiration, Artificial ; Retrospective Studies ; Tracheostomy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80002-8
    ISSN 1399-6576 ; 0001-5172
    ISSN (online) 1399-6576
    ISSN 0001-5172
    DOI 10.1111/aas.14105
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  6. Article ; Online: [Cardiac transplantation and donation in Icelandic patients - indications and outcome].

    Valgardsson, Atli Steinn / Hrafnkelsdottir, Thordis Jona / Kristjansson, Tomas Thor / Fridjonsdottir, Hildigunnur / Sigvaldason, Kristinn / Dellgren, Goran / Gudbjartsson, Tomas

    Laeknabladid

    2022  Volume 108, Issue 11, Page(s) 487–492

    Abstract: Introduction: Information on the number, indications and outcome of cardiac transplantations in Icelandic patients is scarce, as is information on the number of hearts donated from Iceland for cardiac transplantation.: Material and methods: A ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Information on the number, indications and outcome of cardiac transplantations in Icelandic patients is scarce, as is information on the number of hearts donated from Iceland for cardiac transplantation.
    Material and methods: A retrospective study on patients receiving heart transplantation from the first procedure in 1988 until March 2019. Clinical information was gathered from Landspitali Transplantation Clinic, patient charts, and information on donated hearts from the Icelandic Donation Registry. Age-standardized incidence of the procedure was calculated, and overall survival (Kaplan-Meier) estimated. Mean follow-up was 10.3 years.
    Results: Altogether 24 patients (19 males, median age 38 years, range: 4-65 years) underwent cardiac transplantation; that included one re-transplantation, three simultaneous heart- and lung transplants and two heart- and kidney transplants. The transplantations were performed in Gothenburg (n=20), London (n=3) and Copenhagen (n=2). Most common indications were dilated cardiomyopathy (n=10), congenital heart disease (n=4), and viral myocarditis (n=3). Five patients were bridged left ventricular-assist device preoperatively. Overall survival at 1 and 5 years was 91% and 86%, respectively; median survival being 24 years. The incidence of cardiac transplantation was 2.7 heart-TX pmp/year but increased to 4.6 heart-TX pmp/year after 2008 (p=0.01). During the same period 42 hearts were donated from Iceland for transplantation abroad, the first in 2002 and increasing from 0.8 to 3.0 hearts/year during the first and second half of the study-period, respectively.
    Conclusion: Survival of Icelandic cardiac transplant recipients is good and comparable to larger transplant centers overseas. Number of hearts donated from Iceland have increased and currently Iceland donates twice as many hearts at it receives.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Adult ; Iceland/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Heart Transplantation/adverse effects ; Heart Transplantation/methods ; Heart-Assist Devices ; Lung Transplantation ; Treatment Outcome
    Language Icelandic
    Publishing date 2022-11-02
    Publishing country Iceland
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 806661-9
    ISSN 1670-4959 ; 0023-7213
    ISSN (online) 1670-4959
    ISSN 0023-7213
    DOI doi 10.17992/lbl.2022.11.714
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  7. Article: Cardiac arrest in a COVID-19 patient after receiving succinylcholine for tracheal reintubation

    Sigurdsson, Theodor S / Þorvaldsson, Asgeir P / Asgeirsdottir, Sigrun / Sigvaldason, Kristinn

    Br. j. anaesth

    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #32423609
    Database COVID19

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  8. Article ; Online: Cardiac arrest in a COVID-19 patient after receiving succinylcholine for tracheal reintubation

    Sigurdsson, Theodor S. / Þorvaldsson, Asgeir P. / Asgeirsdottir, Sigrun / Sigvaldason, Kristinn

    British Journal of Anaesthesia

    2020  Volume 125, Issue 2, Page(s) e255–e257

    Keywords Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 80074-0
    ISSN 1471-6771 ; 0007-0912
    ISSN (online) 1471-6771
    ISSN 0007-0912
    DOI 10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.073
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Long-term survival after intensive care: A retrospective cohort study.

    Kristinsdottir, Eyrun A / Long, Thorir E / Sigvaldason, Kristinn / Karason, Sigurbergur / Sigurdsson, Gisli H / Sigurdsson, Martin I

    Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica

    2019  Volume 64, Issue 1, Page(s) 75–84

    Abstract: Background Limited data exist on long-term survival of patients requiring admission to intensive care units (ICUs). The aim of this study was to investigate long-term survival of ICU patients in Iceland and assess changes over a 15-year period. Methods ... ...

    Abstract Background Limited data exist on long-term survival of patients requiring admission to intensive care units (ICUs). The aim of this study was to investigate long-term survival of ICU patients in Iceland and assess changes over a 15-year period. Methods Data were collected on age, gender, admission cause, length of stay, comorbidities, mechanical ventilation and survival of patients 18 years and older admitted to the ICUs in Landspitali during 2002-2016. Long-term survival of patients surviving more than 30 days from admission was estimated and its predictors assessed with Cox regression analysis. Long-term survival was compared to the survival of an age- and gender-matched reference group from the general population. Results Of 15 832 ICU admissions, 55% was medical, 38% was surgical and 7% was due to trauma. The 5-year survival of medical, surgical and trauma patients was 66%, 76% and 92% respectively. Significant survival differences were found between admission subgroups. Higher age and comorbidity burden was related to decreased survival in all patient groups. After correcting for age, gender, comorbidities, length of ICU stay and mechanical ventilation, patient survival improved during the study period only for patients admitted for infections. There was a high variability in the estimated time point where the ICU admission had no residual effect on survival. Conclusions Long-term survival of ICU patients is substantially decreased compared to the general population, but varies based on admission causes. Improved long-term survival of patients admitted with infections could be explained by earlier detection and improved treatment of septic shock.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Critical Care/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Iceland/epidemiology ; Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiration, Artificial/statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors ; Survival Analysis ; Time
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80002-8
    ISSN 1399-6576 ; 0001-5172
    ISSN (online) 1399-6576
    ISSN 0001-5172
    DOI 10.1111/aas.13475
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  10. Article: [Severely increased serum lipid levels in diabetic ketoacidosis - case report].

    Stefansson, Hrafnkell / Sigvaldason, Kristinn / Kjartansson, Hilmar / Sigurjonsdottir, Helga Águsta

    Laeknabladid

    2017  Volume 103, Issue 7-8, Page(s) 331–333

    Abstract: Severe hypertriglyceridemia is a known, but uncommon complication of diabetic ketoacidosis. We discuss the case of a 23-year-old, previously healthy, woman who initially presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain. Grossly lipemic serum due ...

    Abstract Severe hypertriglyceridemia is a known, but uncommon complication of diabetic ketoacidosis. We discuss the case of a 23-year-old, previously healthy, woman who initially presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain. Grossly lipemic serum due to extremely high triglyceride (38.6 mmol/L) and cholesterol (23.2 mmol/L) levels were observed with a high blood glucose (23 mmol/L) and a low pH of 7.06 on a venous blood gas. She was treated successfully with fluids and insulin and had no sequale of pancreatitis or cerebral edema. Her triglycerides and cholesterol was normalized in three days and she was discharged home on insulin therapy after five days. Further history revealed a recent change in diet with no meat, fish or poultry consumption in the last 12 months and concomitantly an increase in carbohydrate intake which might have contributed to her extremely high serum lipid levels. This case demonstrates that clinicians should be mindful of the different presentations of diabetic ketoacidosis. Key words: diabetic ketoacidosis, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperlipidemia, vegan diet, carbohydrate diet. Correspondence: Hrafnkell Stefansson, hrafnkell.stefans@gmail.com.
    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers/blood ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis/blood ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis/complications ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis/diagnosis ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis/therapy ; Female ; Fluid Therapy ; Humans ; Hypertriglyceridemia/blood ; Hypertriglyceridemia/diagnosis ; Hypertriglyceridemia/etiology ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Insulin/therapeutic use ; Lipids/blood ; Treatment Outcome ; Up-Regulation ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Insulin ; Lipids
    Language Icelandic
    Publishing date 2017-07
    Publishing country Iceland
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 806661-9
    ISSN 1670-4959 ; 0023-7213
    ISSN (online) 1670-4959
    ISSN 0023-7213
    DOI 10.17992/lbl.2017.0708.146
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