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Article ; Online: Aridity mediates the effect of wood extraction on the reproductive output of an endemic disturbance‐adapted woody species (Cenostigma microphyllum, Leguminosae) in the Caatinga dry forest

Oliveira, Willams / Cruz‐Neto, Oswaldo / Silva, Jéssica Luiza S. / Tabarelli, Marcelo / Lopes, Ariadna Valentina

Austral Ecology. 2023 Apr., v. 48, no. 2 p.251-265

2023

Abstract: Chronic anthropogenic disturbances and climate change have been recognized as drivers of biological reorganization across human‐modified tropical landscapes, also negatively affecting the reproductive output of some plant species. Here, we investigated ... ...

Abstract	Chronic anthropogenic disturbances and climate change have been recognized as drivers of biological reorganization across human‐modified tropical landscapes, also negatively affecting the reproductive output of some plant species. Here, we investigated to what extent these drivers affect the reproductive output of Cenostigma microphyllum, a disturbance‐adapted tree species endemic to the Caatinga dry forest. The production of flowers/inflorescence, fruits and seeds was estimated for 105 plants (≥3 cm diameter at soil height) across 11 forest stands (20 × 50 m each), covering gradients of chronic disturbances (e.g. goat and livestock herbivory; wood extraction; and removal of non‐timber forest products) and aridity at the Catimbau National Park. We documented that when the drivers were analysed in isolation, the fruit‐set was positively associated with increased wood extraction, and the fruit‐set and total number of seeds/plots were reduced under increasing aridity. We also verified a complex interaction between wood extraction and aridity emerged. In forest stands, the combination of high levels of aridity and wood extraction leads to a decrease in the fruit‐set and total number of seeds/plots. Conversely, the fruit‐set and total number of seeds/plots increased in stands exposed to lower aridity but high levels of wood extraction. Our results suggest that chronic disturbances and aridity affect plant fitness in a complex way including both negative and positive effects on attributes related to plant reproductive performance, which could result in both proliferation and population decline in the same landscape. Although C. microphyllum benefits from anthropogenic disturbances and is considered a disturbance‐adapted species, it apparently does not benefit from increases in aridity, which is an expected future scenario for the Caatinga dry forest.
Keywords	Cenostigma ; caatinga ; climate change ; dry environmental conditions ; dry forests ; fruit set ; goats ; herbivores ; landscapes ; national parks ; population dynamics ; reproductive performance ; soil ; trees ; wood ; woody plants
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-04
Size	p. 251-265.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2756933-0
ISSN	2052-1758 ; 1442-9985
ISSN (online)	2052-1758
ISSN	1442-9985
DOI	10.1111/aec.13265
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Climate change may reduce suitable habitats for Tacinga palmadora (Cactaceae) in the Caatinga dry forest: species distribution modeling considering plant-pollinator interactions

Centeno-Alvarado, Diego / Silva, Jéssica Luiza S. / Cruz-Neto, Oswaldo / Lopes, Ariadna Valentina

Regional environmental change. 2022 Mar., v. 22, no. 1

2022

Abstract: Climate change modifies geographic ranges, phenology, and biological interactions—key components of species ecological niche. Alterations in distribution ranges could decrease the size of the populations and thus threaten the persistence of the species. ... ...

Abstract	Climate change modifies geographic ranges, phenology, and biological interactions—key components of species ecological niche. Alterations in distribution ranges could decrease the size of the populations and thus threaten the persistence of the species. Here, we seek to test the Eltonian Noise Hypotheses (ENH), which states that biotic interactions do not affect species distribution at large geographical scales, using Tacinga palmadora (Cactaceae), an endemic species to the Caatinga dry forest in Brazil, as the case study. We first modeled the current distribution of T. palmadora and its pollinators, the hummingbird Chlorostilbon lucidus and the stingless bee Trigona spinipes, separately using only climatic variables. Then, we modeled T. palmadora current distribution using C. lucidus and T. spinipes distributions as input layers alongside the climatic variables. Afterwards, we projected the model to the future to predict climatic conditions for the year 2070 (average for 2061–2080), using optimistic (RCP4.5) and pessimistic (RCP8.5) greenhouse gas emission scenarios. We analyzed model performance and determined habitat suitability of the species for all models. In general, biotic interactions did not increase model performance and the best-supported models were the ones considering climatic variables only. We found that T. palmadora suitable habitats are most likely to be reduced by climate change. In this sense, our results supported the ENH and showed that T. palmadora may lose a part of its climatic envelope, already restricted by its endemism, generating negative cascade effects on the region.
Keywords	Tacinga ; Trigona ; caatinga ; case studies ; climate change ; dry forests ; geographical distribution ; greenhouse gas emissions ; hummingbirds ; indigenous species ; model validation ; models ; niches ; phenology ; stingless bees ; Brazil
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-03
Size	p. 16.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1464515-4
ISSN	1436-3798
ISSN	1436-3798
DOI	10.1007/s10113-021-01873-0
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Higher flower number in Jatropha mutabilis (Euphorbiaceae) increases the frequency of floral visitors in the Caatinga dry forest

Silva, Jéssica Luiza S. / Cruz-Neto, Oswaldo / Lopes, Ariadna Valentina

Arthropod-plant interactions. 2022 Aug., v. 16, no. 3-4

2022

Abstract: The spatial distribution of floral resources directly affects the foraging pattern of pollinators. In addition, plant–pollinator interactions are linked to a great diversity of visual, chemical, and morphological signals, which interfere with plant ... ...

Abstract	The spatial distribution of floral resources directly affects the foraging pattern of pollinators. In addition, plant–pollinator interactions are linked to a great diversity of visual, chemical, and morphological signals, which interfere with plant reproduction. Here, we aimed to understand how flower distribution of Jatropha mutabilis (Euphorbiaceae) affects the foraging behavior of its floral visitors. We hypothesized that an increase in the (i) number of flowering individuals, (ii) total number of open flowers, or (iii) floral display (number of open flowers/inflorescences) increases the number of floral visitors. The study was carried out in a Caatinga dry forest in Pernambuco, Brazil. The number of flowering individuals/plot, the total number of open flowers/plot, and the floral display/inflorescence/plot were counted in 37 plots. Those parameters were also analyzed separately for male and female flowers since the species is monoecious. We documented that the number of floral visits was positively correlated with the number of flowering individuals and the total number of open flowers/plot but did not correlate with floral display/inflorescence. We observed interactive effect of the number of open flowers/plot and floral display affecting visitors’ frequency, which was higher with both: increased number of open flowers/plot and lower floral display. Floral sex did not correlate with the analyzed parameters. Our findings show that plant-floral visitor interactions are sensitive to changes in the intraspecific number of open flowers/plot, independently of flower sex. High flower production scattered among individuals, as in Jatropha mutabilis, increases the chances of pollination and maintenance of plant species and floral visitors, which is especially important in seasonally dry tropical forests, such as the Caatinga dry forest.
Keywords	Jatropha ; caatinga ; dry forests ; females ; males ; monoecy ; pollination ; Brazil
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-08
Size	p. 317-327.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2377469-1
ISSN	1872-8847 ; 1872-8855
ISSN (online)	1872-8847
ISSN	1872-8855
DOI	10.1007/s11829-022-09899-9
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Increasing chronic anthropogenic disturbances and aridity differentially impact pollen traits and female reproductive success of Tacinga palmadora (Cactaceae) in a Caatinga dry forest

Centeno-Alvarado, Diego / Silva, Jéssica Luiza S. / Cruz-Neto, Oswaldo / Arnan, Xavier / Lopes, Ariadna Valentina

Regional environmental change. 2022 June, v. 22, no. 2

2022

Abstract: Ecological interactions in tropical ecosystems are being modified by chronic anthropogenic disturbances (CAD) and climate change. Pollination is a key mutualistic interaction that can be affected by disturbance and climate change due to alterations in ... ...

Abstract	Ecological interactions in tropical ecosystems are being modified by chronic anthropogenic disturbances (CAD) and climate change. Pollination is a key mutualistic interaction that can be affected by disturbance and climate change due to alterations in the composition, diversity, and distribution of plants, floral resources, and pollinators. We tested if increasing CAD and aridity induces changes in pollen traits and female reproductive success of Tacinga palmadora, a self-compatible cactus that performs as an important food source for nectar-feeding and fruit-eating animals, in the Caatinga dry forest. The study was carried out in eight plots at the Catimbau National Park, northeastern Brazil. Each plot had a different level of disturbance and aridity, used as predictor variables against pollen traits (total pollen production, pollen viability, and pollen-ovule ratio) and female reproductive success (fruit- and seed-set by both open and spontaneous self-pollination) in generalized linear models. All pollen traits were negatively associated with increasing CAD and aridity intensity, while the seed- and fruit-set by open pollination were positively associated with increasing CAD and aridity, respectively. Spontaneous self-pollination was not influenced by increasing CAD and aridity. Our results revealed that even though pollen traits decrease with higher CAD and aridity, pollination of T. palmadora is maintained or even increased in the most arid and disturbed areas of the park. We conclude that, in terms of pollination effectiveness, T. palmadora might be thriving under disturbances and aridity in the Caatinga dry forest.
Keywords	Tacinga ; caatinga ; cacti and succulents ; climate change ; dry environmental conditions ; dry forests ; females ; fruit set ; national parks ; nectar feeding ; open pollination ; pollen ; pollen productivity ; pollen viability ; reproductive success ; seed set ; self-pollination ; Brazil
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-06
Size	p. 53.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1464515-4
ISSN	1436-3798
ISSN	1436-3798
DOI	10.1007/s10113-022-01917-z
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Higher frequency of legitimate pollinators and fruit set of autotetraploid trees of Libidibia ferrea (Leguminosae) compared to diploids in a mixed tropical urban population.

Oliveira, Willams / Silva, Jéssica Luiza S / Cruz-Neto, Oswaldo / Oliveira, Marcela Tomaz P / Fernandes de Albuquerque, Isabelle / Borges, Laís Angélica / Lopes, Ariadna Valentina

Journal of plant research

2022 Volume 135, Issue 2, Page(s) 235–245

Abstract: In mixed-ploidy populations, newly formed polyploids initially occur at low frequencies when compared to diploids. However, polyploidy may lead to morphological and phenological changes, which promote reproductive isolation and favor polyploid ... ...

Abstract	In mixed-ploidy populations, newly formed polyploids initially occur at low frequencies when compared to diploids. However, polyploidy may lead to morphological and phenological changes, which promote reproductive isolation and favor polyploid establishment and reproductive success. Additionally, previous studies have shown that polyploidy can confer some adaptive advantages to organisms in stressful environments. Here, we investigate variation in reproductive phenology, floral traits and reproductive success between diploid and autotetraploid trees of Libidibia ferrea (Mart. Ex Tul.) L.P. Queiroz (Leguminosae) in a mixed tropical urban population, a stressful environment. We assessed ploidy levels, flowering and fruiting phenology, flowering synchrony, floral and reproductive biology, pollination and fruit and seed set. We tested the hypothesis that autotetraploid individuals have a higher frequency of pollinators and higher fruit and seed set per inflorescence (as a proxy of reproductive success) than diploids in an urban green space. Libidibia ferrea is a good model to test our hypothesis because it is self-incompatible (i.e. relies on pollinators to set fruits). In the urban ecosystem studied, we found that diploids flowered for 6-7 months/year and autotetraploids for 3-5 months/year. Flowering synchrony was low between and within cytotypes and even though autotetraploids and diploids exhibited some overlap in flowering period, diploids flowered alone for 2-3 months. Autotetraploids had significantly more flowers per inflorescences, larger flowers and larger pollen grains (as expected for polyploids), but also a higher frequency of visits by legitimate pollinators including two exclusive ones, and higher fruit and seed set per inflorescence when compared to diploids, despite having a shorter flowering period. Our findings reveal some advantages for polyploids over their related diploids in a tropical urban green space. Also, our results highlight the need for more studies that seek to understand abiotic mechanisms affecting reproductive output of polyploids in urban ecosystems.
MeSH term(s)	Diploidy ; Ecosystem ; Fabaceae/genetics ; Flowers/anatomy & histology ; Flowers/genetics ; Fruit/genetics ; Humans ; Pollination ; Reproduction ; Trees/genetics ; Urban Population
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-12
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2077362-6
ISSN	1618-0860 ; 0918-9440
ISSN (online)	1618-0860
ISSN	0918-9440
DOI	10.1007/s10265-022-01373-0
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Article: Plant–pollinator interactions in urban ecosystems worldwide: A comprehensive review including research funding and policy actions

Silva, Jéssica Luiza S / de Oliveira, Marcela Tomaz Pontes / Cruz-Neto, Oswaldo / Tabarelli, Marcelo / Lopes, Ariadna Valentina

Ambio. 2021 Apr., v. 50, no. 4

2021

Abstract: Urbanization has rapidly increased in recent decades and the negative effects on biodiversity have been widely reported. Urban green areas can contribute to improving human well-being, maintaining biodiversity, and ecosystem services (e.g. pollination). ... ...

Abstract	Urbanization has rapidly increased in recent decades and the negative effects on biodiversity have been widely reported. Urban green areas can contribute to improving human well-being, maintaining biodiversity, and ecosystem services (e.g. pollination). Here we examine the evolution of studies on plant–pollinator interactions in urban ecosystems worldwide, reviewing also research funding and policy actions. We documented a significant increase in the scientific production on the theme in recent years, especially in the temperate region; tropical urban ecosystems are still neglected. Plant–pollinator interactions are threatened by urbanization in complex ways, depending on the studied group (plant or pollinator [generalist or specialist]) and landscape characteristics. Several research opportunities emerge from our review. Research funding and policy actions to pollination/pollinator in urban ecosystems are still scarce and concentrated in developed countries/temperate regions. To make urban green spaces contribute to the maintenance of biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services, transdisciplinary approaches (ecological–social–economic–cultural) are needed.
Keywords	biodiversity ; ecosystems ; issues and policy ; landscapes ; pollination ; pollinators ; social welfare ; temperate zones ; urbanization
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-04
Size	p. 884-900.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean ; Review
ZDB-ID	120759-3
ISSN	1654-7209 ; 0044-7447
ISSN (online)	1654-7209
ISSN	0044-7447
DOI	10.1007/s13280-020-01410-z
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Higher frequency of legitimate pollinators and fruit set of autotetraploid trees of Libidibia ferrea (Leguminosae) compared to diploids in a mixed tropical urban population

Oliveira, Willams / Silva, Jéssica Luiza S. / Cruz-Neto, Oswaldo / Oliveira, Marcela Tomaz P. / Fernandes de Albuquerque, Isabelle / Borges, Laís Angélica / Lopes, Ariadna Valentina

Journal of plant research. 2022 Mar., v. 135, no. 2

2022

Abstract	In mixed-ploidy populations, newly formed polyploids initially occur at low frequencies when compared to diploids. However, polyploidy may lead to morphological and phenological changes, which promote reproductive isolation and favor polyploid establishment and reproductive success. Additionally, previous studies have shown that polyploidy can confer some adaptive advantages to organisms in stressful environments. Here, we investigate variation in reproductive phenology, floral traits and reproductive success between diploid and autotetraploid trees of Libidibia ferrea (Mart. Ex Tul.) L.P. Queiroz (Leguminosae) in a mixed tropical urban population, a stressful environment. We assessed ploidy levels, flowering and fruiting phenology, flowering synchrony, floral and reproductive biology, pollination and fruit and seed set. We tested the hypothesis that autotetraploid individuals have a higher frequency of pollinators and higher fruit and seed set per inflorescence (as a proxy of reproductive success) than diploids in an urban green space. Libidibia ferrea is a good model to test our hypothesis because it is self-incompatible (i.e. relies on pollinators to set fruits). In the urban ecosystem studied, we found that diploids flowered for 6–7 months/year and autotetraploids for 3–5 months/year. Flowering synchrony was low between and within cytotypes and even though autotetraploids and diploids exhibited some overlap in flowering period, diploids flowered alone for 2–3 months. Autotetraploids had significantly more flowers per inflorescences, larger flowers and larger pollen grains (as expected for polyploids), but also a higher frequency of visits by legitimate pollinators including two exclusive ones, and higher fruit and seed set per inflorescence when compared to diploids, despite having a shorter flowering period. Our findings reveal some advantages for polyploids over their related diploids in a tropical urban green space. Also, our results highlight the need for more studies that seek to understand abiotic mechanisms affecting reproductive output of polyploids in urban ecosystems.
Keywords	Caesalpinia ferrea ; autotetraploidy ; cytotypes ; diploidy ; fruit set ; fruits ; green infrastructure ; models ; phenology ; pollen ; pollination ; reproductive isolation ; reproductive performance ; reproductive success ; research ; seed set ; urban areas ; urban population
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-03
Size	p. 235-245.
Publishing place	Springer Singapore
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2077362-6
ISSN	1618-0860 ; 0918-9440
ISSN (online)	1618-0860
ISSN	0918-9440
DOI	10.1007/s10265-022-01373-0
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Article: Chronic anthropogenic disturbances and aridity negatively affect specialized reproductive traits and strategies of edible fruit plant assemblages in a Caatinga dry forest

Oliveira, Willams / Cruz-Neto, Oswaldo / Silva, Jéssica Luiza S. / Rito, Kátia F. / Leal, Inara R. / Tabarelli, Marcelo / Albuquerque, Ulysses Paulino / Lopes, Ariadna Valentina

Forest ecology and management. 2022 June 15, v. 514

2022

Abstract: Chronic anthropogenic disturbances and climate change are the main threats to biodiversity, acting as potential drivers of assembly reorganization in human-modified tropical landscapes. We aimed to understand how the reproductive traits of edible fruit ... ...

Abstract	Chronic anthropogenic disturbances and climate change are the main threats to biodiversity, acting as potential drivers of assembly reorganization in human-modified tropical landscapes. We aimed to understand how the reproductive traits of edible fruit plant assemblages respond to chronic disturbances and aridity in the Caatinga, a dry forest in northeastern Brazil housing a human population that greatly depends on natural resources for subsistence and is threatened by increasing aridity. The study was carried out across 20 permanent plots of Caatinga, covering gradients of chronic disturbances (livestock grazing, wood extraction and non-timber product exploitation) and aridity (1051 mm to 664 mm). We registered 24 native plant species with fruits that are edible for humans, which were classified according to their flowering/fruiting pattern, floral size and reward, sexual and reproductive systems, pollination systems, and fruit types. They were also grouped into two categories of reproductive strategies (generalists and specialists). We documented that chronic disturbances and aridity pose more negative than positive effects on the reproductive traits of edible fruit plants in terms of trait richness (negative: 29% of the traits; positive: 3.2%) and abundance (negative: 19.3%; positive: 3.2%). In general, we observed that 79.2% of the studied species had at least one reproductive trait that was negatively reduced by increased chronic disturbance and/or aridity in terms of trait richness and abundance. Overall, 75% of the edible fruit species have specialized reproductive strategies that were negatively affected by chronic disturbances and/or aridity. Specifically, individual or combined effects of chronic anthropogenic disturbances or aridity negatively impacted the richness and abundance of specialized reproductive traits such as supra-annual flowering and fruiting patterns and obligatory cross-pollinated edible fruit species. Also, in terms of richness, the reproductive functional diversity of specialized reproductive strategies was negatively affected by increasing aridity. Our findings indicate that in the expected future scenarios of increased land-use and climate change, the Caatinga could face a collapse in the offer of edible fruits to local human communities by impacting the provision of this ecosystem service.
Keywords	administrative management ; caatinga ; climate change ; cross pollination ; dry environmental conditions ; dry forests ; ecosystem services ; edible fruits ; forest ecology ; functional diversity ; human population ; humans ; indigenous species ; land use ; livestock ; wood ; Brazil
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0615
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	751138-3
ISSN	0378-1127
ISSN	0378-1127
DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120214
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Plant-pollinator interactions in urban ecosystems worldwide: A comprehensive review including research funding and policy actions.

Silva, Jéssica Luiza S / de Oliveira, Marcela Tomaz Pontes / Cruz-Neto, Oswaldo / Tabarelli, Marcelo / Lopes, Ariadna Valentina

Ambio

2020 Volume 50, Issue 4, Page(s) 884–900

Abstract	Urbanization has rapidly increased in recent decades and the negative effects on biodiversity have been widely reported. Urban green areas can contribute to improving human well-being, maintaining biodiversity, and ecosystem services (e.g. pollination). Here we examine the evolution of studies on plant-pollinator interactions in urban ecosystems worldwide, reviewing also research funding and policy actions. We documented a significant increase in the scientific production on the theme in recent years, especially in the temperate region; tropical urban ecosystems are still neglected. Plant-pollinator interactions are threatened by urbanization in complex ways, depending on the studied group (plant or pollinator [generalist or specialist]) and landscape characteristics. Several research opportunities emerge from our review. Research funding and policy actions to pollination/pollinator in urban ecosystems are still scarce and concentrated in developed countries/temperate regions. To make urban green spaces contribute to the maintenance of biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services, transdisciplinary approaches (ecological-social-economic-cultural) are needed.
MeSH term(s)	Biodiversity ; Ecosystem ; Humans ; Policy ; Pollination ; Urbanization
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-27
Publishing country	Sweden
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	120759-3
ISSN	1654-7209 ; 0044-7447
ISSN (online)	1654-7209
ISSN	0044-7447
DOI	10.1007/s13280-020-01410-z
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Divergent responses of plant reproductive strategies to chronic anthropogenic disturbance and aridity in the Caatinga dry forest

Silva, Jéssica Luiza S / Arnan, Xavier / Cruz-Neto, Oswaldo / Leal, Inara R / Peres, Carlos A / Rito, Kátia F / Tabarelli, Marcelo / Valentina Lopes, Ariadna

Science of the total environment. 2020 Feb. 20, v. 704

2020

Abstract: Anthropogenic disturbance and climate change are major threats to biodiversity persistence and functioning of many tropical ecosystems. Although increases in the intensity of anthropogenic disturbance and climate change are associated with reduced ... ...

Abstract	Anthropogenic disturbance and climate change are major threats to biodiversity persistence and functioning of many tropical ecosystems. Although increases in the intensity of anthropogenic disturbance and climate change are associated with reduced taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversities of several organisms, little is known about how such pressures interfere with the distribution of plant reproductive traits in seasonally dry tropical forests. Here we test the hypothesis that individual and combined effects of increasing chronic anthropogenic disturbance and water deficit negatively affect the richness, abundance and diversity of specialized reproductive strategies of native woody plants in the Caatinga dry forest. This study was carried out at the Catimbau National Park, northeastern Brazil (62,294 ha). Chronic anthropogenic disturbance intensity was measured through different sources of disturbance (cattle/goat herbivory, wood extraction, and other people pressures). Water deficit data was obtained from hydrological maps and used as a proxy of aridity. We constructed generalized linear models and selected best-supported models for richness, abundance and functional diversity of reproductive traits. We documented that richness and abundance of plants with certain reproductive traits, regardless the specialization, can increase (in 18 out of the 49 trait categories analyzed; e.g. obligatory cross-pollination in response to increases in aridity and wood extraction), be impaired (in 20 categories; e.g. pollination by Sphingids/beetles with increase in aridity), or remain unchanged (in 21 categories; e.g. pollination by vertebrates with increases in chronic anthropogenic disturbance and aridity) with higher disturbance and aridity. There were combined effects of chronic anthropogenic disturbance and aridity on the richness of plants in nine traits (e.g. pollen flowers; dioecious and self-incompatible plants). Aridity affected 40% of the reproductive traits, while chronic anthropogenic disturbance affected 35.5%. The functional diversity of reproductive traits was affected only by disturbance. Changes in plant community structure promoted by chronic anthropogenic disturbance and aridity will likely threaten plant-animal interactions, thereby compromising the functioning of communities and the persistence of biodiversity in the Caatinga.
Keywords	anthropogenic activities ; caatinga ; cattle ; climate change ; Coleoptera ; community structure ; cross pollination ; dioecy ; dry environmental conditions ; dry forests ; ecosystems ; flowers ; functional diversity ; goats ; herbivores ; hydrology ; indigenous species ; linear models ; national parks ; phylogeny ; plant communities ; pollen ; reproductive traits ; tropical forests ; wood ; Brazil
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0220
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135240
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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