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Artikel ; Online: Biodiversity and elevation gradients: Insights on sampling biases across worldwide mountains

Costa, Fernanda Vieira da / Viana‐Júnior, Arleu Barbosa / Aguilar, Ramiro / Silveira, Fernando A. O. / Cornelissen, Tatiana G.

Journal of Biogeography. 2023 Nov., v. 50, no. 11 p.1879-1889

2023

Abstract: AIM: Identifying macroecological patterns and biases in species distribution is a challenging but essential task in biodiversity‐oriented studies. Despite extensive attempts to find consistent species richness elevation (SRE) patterns, the topic remains ... ...

Abstract	AIM: Identifying macroecological patterns and biases in species distribution is a challenging but essential task in biodiversity‐oriented studies. Despite extensive attempts to find consistent species richness elevation (SRE) patterns, the topic remains controversial owing to widespread conflicting, idiosyncratic and non‐generalizable underlying mechanisms. We used a meta‐analytical review to answer why patterns of species‐richness in elevation gradients remain elusive, a long‐standing, central but contentious macroecological and biogeographical question. LOCATION: Global elevation gradients. TAXON: Major terrestrial taxa (invertebrates, vertebrates and plants). METHODS: We tested the effect of elevation on species richness using multilevel mixed‐effects meta‐analytical models. Data from 127 studies spawning almost one century of research were integrated to test the effect of elevation across distinct (1) SRE models, (2) quality of primary data (e.g. mountain sampling coverage), (3) biogeographic realms, (4) studied taxa and (5) organism mobility. RESULTS: The linear negative pattern showed the strongest model fit followed by the hump‐shaped and the linear positive models. Studies with higher sampling sizes showed a consistent decrease in the strength of SRE patterns. Further, the larger the mountain coverage and sampled range, the stronger the detection of some SRE patterns. Overall, the elevational effect on species richness was consistent across biogeographical realms, taxonomic groups and organism mobility. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates a bias in the detection of SRE patterns, driven mostly by mountain comprehensiveness, namely the number of sampling units, sampled range and mountain sampling coverage. These results call attention to the evidence that undersampled elevation gradients may bias our understanding on the complex relationships between elevation and biodiversity, thus impairing a broad understanding on the ecology, evolution, biogeography and conservation of mountain biota.
Schlagwörter	biogeography ; evolution ; geographical distribution ; species richness
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2023-11
Umfang	p. 1879-1889.
Erscheinungsort	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
Anmerkung	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	188963-1
ISSN	0305-0270
ISSN	0305-0270
DOI	10.1111/jbi.14696
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel: Phylogenetic congruence between Neotropical primates and plants is driven by frugivory

Fuzessy, Lisieux / Silveira, Fernando A. O. / Culot, Laurence / Jordano, Pedro / Verdú, Miguel

Ecology letters. 2022 Feb., v. 25, no. 2

2022

Abstract: Seed dispersal benefits plants and frugivores, and potentially drives co‐evolution, with consequences to diversification evidenced for, e.g., primates. Evidence for macro‐coevolutionary patterns in multi‐specific, plant‐animal mutualisms is scarce, and ... ...

Abstract	Seed dispersal benefits plants and frugivores, and potentially drives co‐evolution, with consequences to diversification evidenced for, e.g., primates. Evidence for macro‐coevolutionary patterns in multi‐specific, plant‐animal mutualisms is scarce, and the mechanisms driving them remain unexplored. We tested for phylogenetic congruences in primate‐plant interactions and showed strong co‐phylogenetic signals across Neotropical forests, suggesting that both primates and plants share evolutionary history. Phylogenetic congruence between Platyrrhini and Angiosperms was driven by the most generalist primates, modulated by their functional traits, interacting with a wide‐range of Angiosperms. Consistently similar eco‐evolutionary dynamics seem to be operating irrespective of local assemblages, since co‐phylogenetic signal emerged independently across three Neotropical regions. Our analysis supports the idea that macroevolutionary, coevolved patterns among interacting mutualistic partners are driven by super‐generalist taxa. Trait convergence among multiple partners within multi‐specific assemblages appears as a mechanism favouring these likely coevolved outcomes.
Schlagwörter	Neotropics ; coevolution ; frugivores ; phylogeny ; seed dispersal
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2022-02
Umfang	p. 320-329.
Erscheinungsort	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Dokumenttyp	Artikel
Anmerkung	LETTER
ZDB-ID	1441608-6
ISSN	1461-0248 ; 1461-023X
ISSN (online)	1461-0248
ISSN	1461-023X
DOI	10.1111/ele.13918
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel: Fire and vegetation: Introduction to the special issue

Silveira, Fernando A.O. / Rossatto, Davi R. / Heilmeier, Hermann / Overbeck, Gerhard E

Flora. 2022 Jan., v. 286

2022

Abstract: Fires are widespread disturbance events with many implications for different aspects of plant persistence and vegetation properties. Changing fire regimes can profoundly affect vegetation dynamics and ecosystem properties. Recent steep increases in the ... ...

Abstract	Fires are widespread disturbance events with many implications for different aspects of plant persistence and vegetation properties. Changing fire regimes can profoundly affect vegetation dynamics and ecosystem properties. Recent steep increases in the frequency of fires worldwide and the occurrence of megafires have caught the attention of scientists, policymakers, and the media. The FLORA Special Issue on Fire and Vegetation unites five invited Opinion Papers with emphasis on South America and nineteen research papers, including one review, on different aspects of the fire–vegetation interaction. The studies contribute both to the discussion of how to better manage fire in ecosystems and to improve our understanding of fire effects on organisms, communities, and ecosystems. Our expectation is that the Special Issue stimulates further research and, ultimately, helps to inform fire management practice to improve human well-being, to ensure the sustainability of resource use, and perhaps most important, biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation.
Schlagwörter	biodiversity conservation ; climate change ; ecosystems ; flora ; social welfare ; vegetation ; South America
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2022-01
Erscheinungsort	Elsevier GmbH
Dokumenttyp	Artikel
ZDB-ID	5580-3
ISSN	0367-2530 ; 0373-6490
ISSN	0367-2530 ; 0373-6490
DOI	10.1016/j.flora.2021.151985
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel: Seed tolerance to post-fire temperature fluctuation of Cerrado legume shrubs with micromorphological implications

Daibes, L. Felipe / Martins, Aline R / Silveira, Fernando A.O / Fidelis, Alessandra

Flora. 2021 Feb., v. 275

2021

Abstract: Multiple environmental cues may break seed physical dormancy (PY) in fire-prone ecosystems, but disentangling the roles of such cues remains challenging. Current research has mostly focused on the role of high temperatures (heat shocks) in PY alleviation, ...

Abstract	Multiple environmental cues may break seed physical dormancy (PY) in fire-prone ecosystems, but disentangling the roles of such cues remains challenging. Current research has mostly focused on the role of high temperatures (heat shocks) in PY alleviation, while post-fire environmental conditions are less understood. Here, we examined the role of post-fire temperature fluctuation on seed germination and viability of Cerrado legume shrubs. Specifically, we investigated (1) whether PY is broken by temperature fluctuation; (2) whether seed viability is affected by temperature fluctuations; and (3) micromorphological changes in the seed coat following exposure to temperature fluctuation. Seeds of nine legume species were collected in frequently burned Cerrado savannas. We simulated post-fire temperature fluctuation in germination chambers, with daily temperature fluctuation ranging from 18 to 55 °C for 90 days; controls consisted of untreated seeds (room temperature). We conducted germination trials with unblocked and blocked hilar region of seeds. In addition, seed samples were fixed and subjected to micromorphological analysis. Instead of dormancy break, three species showed decreased seed germination for both unblocked and blocked hilar regions, while other two species showed decreased germination in blocked seeds only. Nevertheless, random cracks formed across the seed coat were found in control and treated seeds, which displayed a proportion of nondormant seeds. Within nondormant seeds, both hilar and extra-hilar regions (such as the pleurogram) may take part on water uptake. Despite the lack of dormancy break, most Cerrado legume seeds persisted viable after post-fire temperature fluctuation, thus avoiding establishment under hazardous conditions. Seed tolerance to heat shocks and post-fire temperature fluctuation likely drives regeneration from seed in burned Cerrado areas.
Schlagwörter	ambient temperature ; cerrado ; dormancy ; flora ; heat ; legumes ; seed coat ; seed germination ; viability ; water uptake
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2021-02
Erscheinungsort	Elsevier GmbH
Dokumenttyp	Artikel
Anmerkung	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	5580-3
ISSN	0367-2530 ; 0373-6490
ISSN	0367-2530 ; 0373-6490
DOI	10.1016/j.flora.2020.151761
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel: Do regeneration traits vary according to vegetation structure? A case study for savannas

Escobar, Diego F E / Silveira, Fernando A O / Morellato, Leonor Patricia C

Journal of vegetation science. 2021 Jan., v. 32, no. 1

2021

Abstract: AIM: Regeneration traits are crucial for understanding patterns and processes in plant communities. However, regeneration traits are not reported much in community ecology, preventing a better assessment of trait‐based community assembly. Here we ... ...

Abstract	AIM: Regeneration traits are crucial for understanding patterns and processes in plant communities. However, regeneration traits are not reported much in community ecology, preventing a better assessment of trait‐based community assembly. Here we assessed habitat‐related regeneration traits by comparing species from open (grassland and shrubland) and closed (woodland) Brazilian savannas (cerrado). LOCATION: Our study site comprised two cerrado areas in southeastern Brazil that range from open to closed vegetation types, as examples of an ecological gradient of resources and environmental conditions. METHODS: We classified 82 species according to dormancy (non‐dormant, physiological, physical, physiophysical, morphological, and morphophysiological dormancy), dispersal syndrome (autochory, anemochory, exozoochory, endozoochory), and dispersal season (rainy, dry, rainy‐to‐dry and dry‐to‐rainy transitions). We determined seed mass, germination percentage, mean germination time and coefficient of variation of germination time in conditions of optimal temperatures. Principal coordinates Analysis (PCoA) was used to explore the relationships between regeneration traits and vegetation types. RESULTS: The two main axes of the PCoA explained 38% of the total variance. The first axis was related to germination traits (germination percentage, mean gemination time, and coefficient of variation of gemination time) and separated dormant from non‐dormant species, whereas the second axis was related to seed mass, growth form, and dispersal syndromes which sharply separated open‐ and closed‐savanna species. Unexpectedly, seed germination and dormancy traits did not differ among open‐ and closed‐savanna species. CONCLUSIONS: Seasonality is a strong filter for both germination and seedling establishment that shapes germination strategies regardless of vegetation type. The dominant strategy was dispersal of non‐dormant seeds in the rainy season, while the least common strategy was dispersal of dormant seeds during the rainy‐to‐dry season transition. Habitat‐related germination strategies were related to growth form and seed mass, improving our understanding of community assembly in species‐rich Brazilian savannas.
Schlagwörter	anemochory ; autochory ; case studies ; cerrado ; dormancy ; endozoochory ; epizoochory ; grasslands ; plant establishment ; seed germination ; seed weight ; shrublands ; variance ; vegetation structure ; wet season ; woodlands ; Brazil
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2021-01
Erscheinungsort	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Dokumenttyp	Artikel
Anmerkung	NAL-AP-2-clean ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1053769-7
ISSN	1100-9233
ISSN	1100-9233
DOI	10.1111/jvs.12940
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel ; Online: Phylogenetic congruence between Neotropical primates and plants is driven by frugivory.

Fuzessy, Lisieux / Silveira, Fernando A O / Culot, Laurence / Jordano, Pedro / Verdú, Miguel

Ecology letters

2021 Band 25, Heft 2, Seite(n) 320–329

Abstract: Seed dispersal benefits plants and frugivores, and potentially drives co-evolution, with consequences to diversification evidenced for, e.g., primates. Evidence for macro-coevolutionary patterns in multi-specific, plant-animal mutualisms is scarce, and ... ...

Abstract	Seed dispersal benefits plants and frugivores, and potentially drives co-evolution, with consequences to diversification evidenced for, e.g., primates. Evidence for macro-coevolutionary patterns in multi-specific, plant-animal mutualisms is scarce, and the mechanisms driving them remain unexplored. We tested for phylogenetic congruences in primate-plant interactions and showed strong co-phylogenetic signals across Neotropical forests, suggesting that both primates and plants share evolutionary history. Phylogenetic congruence between Platyrrhini and Angiosperms was driven by the most generalist primates, modulated by their functional traits, interacting with a wide-range of Angiosperms. Consistently similar eco-evolutionary dynamics seem to be operating irrespective of local assemblages, since co-phylogenetic signal emerged independently across three Neotropical regions. Our analysis supports the idea that macroevolutionary, coevolved patterns among interacting mutualistic partners are driven by super-generalist taxa. Trait convergence among multiple partners within multi-specific assemblages appears as a mechanism favouring these likely coevolved outcomes.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Animals ; Forests ; Phylogeny ; Plants/genetics ; Primates ; Seed Dispersal ; Symbiosis
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2021-11-13
Erscheinungsland	England
Dokumenttyp	Letter
ZDB-ID	1441608-6
ISSN	1461-0248 ; 1461-023X
ISSN (online)	1461-0248
ISSN	1461-023X
DOI	10.1111/ele.13918
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel: From ashes to understanding: Opinion papers on fire and a call for papers for a Special Issue in Flora

Overbeck, Gerhard E / Silveira, Fernando A.O / Rossatto, Davi R / Heilmeier, Hermann

Flora. 2020 July, v. 268

2020

Abstract: In the recent past, wildfires have received much attention both by science and by the media, especially in relation to deforestation, degradation and climate change and when affecting fire-sensitive ecosystems. On the other hand, fire is a natural ... ...

Abstract	In the recent past, wildfires have received much attention both by science and by the media, especially in relation to deforestation, degradation and climate change and when affecting fire-sensitive ecosystems. On the other hand, fire is a natural process in many ecosystems, in particular those to be considered fire-dependent; here, maintaining natural fire regimes is important to maintain biodiversity and ecosystem services. In many regions of the world we are still in the need for a better understanding of fire effects on plant populations, communities and ecosystems. For instance, responses of individuals and populations to heat and fire can differ among distinct fire-prone ecosystems, and community level responses often vary depending on historical disturbance regimes or the fire regime as such. Effects on ecosystem processes, e.g. on carbon cycles, can vary greatly in scale and are even more difficult to predict. This adds up to uncertainties regarding appropriate fire management strategies, both in fire-prone and fire-sensitive ecosystems. Here, we introduce a set of opinion papers on fires in Brazil and a forthcoming Virtual Special Issue of Flora – Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants on “Fire and vegetation”, with contributions expected from a broad range of topics related to fire, plants, and vegetation. This special issue will contribute to the development not only of more knowledge on fire effects on plants and vegetation, but also to advances in fire management policies in different ecosystems around the world. The main issue, after all, is to go beyond simple classification of fires as ‘good’ or ‘bad’, but rather to develop strategies to deal with changing fire regimes and their effects in a dynamic world increasingly modified by human actions.
Schlagwörter	biodiversity ; carbon ; climate change ; deforestation ; ecosystems ; fire regime ; flora ; humans ; vegetation ; Brazil
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2020-07
Erscheinungsort	Elsevier GmbH
Dokumenttyp	Artikel
Anmerkung	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	5580-3
ISSN	0367-2530 ; 0373-6490
ISSN	0367-2530 ; 0373-6490
DOI	10.1016/j.flora.2020.151608
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel: Searching for keystone plant resources in fruit‐frugivore interaction networks across the Neotropics

Messeder, João Vitor S / Guerra, Tadeu J / Dáttilo, Wesley / Silveira, Fernando A. O

Biotropica. 2020 Sept., v. 52, no. 5

2020

Abstract: Identifying keystone plant resources (KPR) is a contentious issue in ecology and conservation. Despite recent advances provided by mutualistic networks, we still lack studies addressing large‐scale identification of keystone plants. We developed a novel ... ...

Abstract	Identifying keystone plant resources (KPR) is a contentious issue in ecology and conservation. Despite recent advances provided by mutualistic networks, we still lack studies addressing large‐scale identification of keystone plants. We developed a novel quantitative framework for the large‐scale identification of KPR that combines centrality and effects of simulated removals on networks properties. We built a database with 38 fruit–frugivore networks comprising 6,180 pairwise interactions from Neotropical forest and non‐forest ecosystems ranging from sea level to 2,500 m a.s.l.. Effects of random removal simulations and removal of keystone taxa candidates on nestedness, modularity and niche overlap were assessed. Furthermore, we tested whether changes in network descriptors responded to both latitudinal and elevational gradients. From a total of 373 genera on networks, only species in six genera were ranked as keystone candidates. The simulated removal of species in Miconia (Melastomataceae), Cecropia (Urticaceae) and Byrsonima (Malpighiaceae) led to significant changes in nestedness, modularity and niche overlap, suggesting that these plants play important roles in maintaining the structure of Neotropical fruit–frugivore interaction networks, regardless of latitude or elevation. Our results confirm the keystone role of previously recognized taxa, recognize overlooked ones, providing support for their role at a biogeographical scale, and partially challenge taxa traditionally identified as keystone resources for frugivores. Our study has implications for conservation and restoration of Neotropical ecosystems and provides a new framework for large‐scale identification of keystones in other types of ecological networks. Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Schlagwörter	Byrsonima ; Cecropia ; Miconia ; Neotropics ; databases ; ecosystems ; frugivores ; geographical distribution ; latitude ; nestedness ; sea level ; tropical forests
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2020-09
Umfang	p. 857-870.
Erscheinungsort	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Dokumenttyp	Artikel
Anmerkung	NAL-light ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2052061-X
ISSN	1744-7429 ; 0006-3606
ISSN (online)	1744-7429
ISSN	0006-3606
DOI	10.1111/btp.12804
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel: A simple standardized protocol to evaluate the reliability of seed rain estimates

Arruda, André J / Silveira, Fernando A.O / Buisson, Elise

Seed science research. 2020 Dec., v. 30, no. 4

2020

Abstract: Seed dispersal has key implications for community dynamics and restoration ecology. However, estimating seed rain (the number and diversity of seeds arriving in a given area) is challenging, and the lack of standardization in measurement prevents cross- ... ...

Abstract	Seed dispersal has key implications for community dynamics and restoration ecology. However, estimating seed rain (the number and diversity of seeds arriving in a given area) is challenging, and the lack of standardization in measurement prevents cross-site comparisons. Seed trap effectiveness and accuracy of seed sorting methods are key components of seed rain estimates in need of standardization. We propose and describe a standardized protocol for evaluating the effectiveness of two seed trap types (sticky and funnel traps) and the accuracy of a seed sorting method. We used widely available seeds (arugula, quinoa, sesame and sunflower) to produce a gradient of seed size, weight and colour. Proof-of-concept was tested in a tropical grassland, where traps were set for 30 days. Our results suggest that we underestimate dispersal of seeds with less than 2 mm width that can be easily mistaken for debris and soil particles or that fail to adhere to sticky traps. Seeds on sticky traps may be more vulnerable to removal by wind and rain, whereas seeds in funnel traps are more susceptible to decay. We found no evidence of observer bias on seed sorting for funnel trap samples. However, accuracy on seed sorting for funnel trap samples tended to decline for seeds with less than 2 mm width, suggesting a size-dependence in seed retrieval success. Our standardized protocol addressing trap effectiveness and seed sorting methods will increase the reliability of data obtained in seed rain studies and allow more reliable comparisons between datasets.
Schlagwörter	Helianthus annuus ; arugula ; color ; data collection ; ecological restoration ; grasslands ; rain ; research ; seed dispersal ; seed size ; soil ; wind
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2020-12
Umfang	p. 304-309.
Erscheinungsort	Cambridge University Press
Dokumenttyp	Artikel
Anmerkung	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	1102085-4
ISSN	1475-2735 ; 0960-2585
ISSN (online)	1475-2735
ISSN	0960-2585
DOI	10.1017/S0960258520000392
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel: Towards more sustainable cropping systems: lessons from native Cerrado species

Lambers, Hans / de Britto Costa, Patrícia / Oliveira, Rafael S / Silveira, Fernando A. O

Theoretical and Experimental Plant Physiology. 2020 Sept., v. 32, no. 3

2020

Abstract: Our aim was to explore the potential of Cerrado, a biodiversity hotspot which is a reservoir of genetic resources of agriculture-relevant traits to be used towards enhancing the sustainable use of agriculture in the region. We searched for pertinent ... ...

Abstract	Our aim was to explore the potential of Cerrado, a biodiversity hotspot which is a reservoir of genetic resources of agriculture-relevant traits to be used towards enhancing the sustainable use of agriculture in the region. We searched for pertinent articles dealing with all relevant aspects of Cerrado that we cover in our review. We focus on P-acquisition and P-use strategies, aluminium resistance, and plant water relations. We review results from a wide range of sources, to develop a case to curtail further destruction of native Cerrado vegetation, and works towards more sustainable crop and pasture systems in the region. We highlight many genetic resources that have tremendous potential to improve sustainable crop yield, while maintaining the key ecosystem services provided by the Cerrado that support agriculture. We conclude that the Cerrado is a rich source of plant species and plant traits to deal with environmental constraints such as soils with a low availability of P, a low pH, high availability of Al, and a low availability of water. Allowing species extinction to continue will make many untapped resources unavailable for future generations for incorporation into agriculture. Rather than allow further destruction to continue, scientists should explore relevant traits in native Cerrado species towards sustainable yields of currently used land.
Schlagwörter	agriculture ; aluminum ; biodiversity ; cerrado ; crop yield ; cropping systems ; ecosystem services ; extinction ; genetic resources ; pH ; pastures ; plant-water relations ; scientists ; soil ; water
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2020-09
Umfang	p. 175-194.
Erscheinungsort	Springer International Publishing
Dokumenttyp	Artikel
Anmerkung	NAL-light ; Review
ISSN	2197-0025
DOI	10.1007/s40626-020-00180-z
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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