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  1. Article ; Online: Potential late effects of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection: parallels to cancer late effects.

    Phipps, Richard P / Sime, Patricia J / Phipps, Connor R

    Cancer metastasis reviews

    2021  Volume 40, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–2

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/virology ; Epidemics ; Humans ; Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Neoplasms/therapy ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Time Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-04
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 604857-2
    ISSN 1573-7233 ; 0167-7659
    ISSN (online) 1573-7233
    ISSN 0167-7659
    DOI 10.1007/s10555-021-09954-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Watching an Evolution in Progress, Cutting-Edge Research Transforming Outcomes in Interstitial Lung Disease: Introduction to an

    Maher, Toby M / Podolanczuk, Anna J / Drake, Wonder P / Sime, Patricia J / Eickelberg, Oliver / DeMeo, Dawn L / Richeldi, Luca

    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

    2024  Volume 209, Issue 9, Page(s) 1049–1050

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/therapy ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/physiopathology ; Biomedical Research
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Introductory Journal Article ; Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1180953-x
    ISSN 1535-4970 ; 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    ISSN (online) 1535-4970
    ISSN 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    DOI 10.1164/rccm.202404-0675ED
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Is there a role for specialized pro-resolving mediators in pulmonary fibrosis?

    Thatcher, Thomas H / Freeberg, Margaret A T / Myo, Yu Par Aung / Sime, Patricia J

    Pharmacology & therapeutics

    2023  Volume 247, Page(s) 108460

    Abstract: Pulmonary fibrotic diseases are characterized by proliferation of lung fibroblasts and myofibroblasts and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins. Depending on the specific form of lung fibrosis, there can be progressive scarring of the ... ...

    Abstract Pulmonary fibrotic diseases are characterized by proliferation of lung fibroblasts and myofibroblasts and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins. Depending on the specific form of lung fibrosis, there can be progressive scarring of the lung, leading in some cases to respiratory failure and/or death. Recent and ongoing research has demonstrated that resolution of inflammation is an active process regulated by families of small bioactive lipid mediators termed "specialized pro-resolving mediators." While there are many reports of beneficial effects of SPMs in animal and cell culture models of acute and chronic inflammatory and immune diseases, there have been fewer reports investigating SPMs and fibrosis, especially pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we will review evidence that resolution pathways are impaired in interstitial lung disease, and that SPMs and other similar bioactive lipid mediators can inhibit fibroblast proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation, and accumulation of excess extracellular matrix in cell culture and animal models of pulmonary fibrosis, and we will consider future therapeutic implications of SPMs in fibrosis.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/drug therapy ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/metabolism ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathology ; Lung/metabolism ; Fibrosis ; Cell Differentiation ; Inflammation/drug therapy ; Lipids ; Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Lipids ; Inflammation Mediators
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 194735-7
    ISSN 1879-016X ; 0163-7258
    ISSN (online) 1879-016X
    ISSN 0163-7258
    DOI 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108460
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Dickkopf1 Promotes Pulmonary Fibrosis upon Bleomycin-Induced Lung Injury.

    Sung, Eun-Ah / Park, Min Hee / Henegariu, Octavian / Sime, Patricia J / Chae, Wook-Jin

    The American journal of pathology

    2023  Volume 193, Issue 9, Page(s) 1130–1142

    Abstract: Orchestration of inflammation and tissue repair processes is critical to maintaining homeostasis upon tissue injury. Tissue fibrosis is a pathological process characterized by aberrant accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, such as collagen, upon ...

    Abstract Orchestration of inflammation and tissue repair processes is critical to maintaining homeostasis upon tissue injury. Tissue fibrosis is a pathological process characterized by aberrant accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, such as collagen, upon injury. Dickkopf1 (DKK1) is a quintessential Wnt antagonist. The role of DKK1 in bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung injury and fibrosis model remains elusive. This study shows that BLM-induced lung injury markedly elevated DKK1 protein expressions in the lungs in mice, consistent with human pulmonary fibrosis patient lung tissues. The elevated DKK1 levels coincided with immune cell infiltration and collagen deposition. Notably, the reduced expression of DKK1 in Dkk1 hypomorphic doubleridge (Dkk1
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathology ; Bleomycin/toxicity ; Lung Injury/pathology ; Lung/pathology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism ; Collagen/metabolism ; Pneumonia/metabolism ; Inflammation/pathology
    Chemical Substances Bleomycin (11056-06-7) ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Collagen (9007-34-5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2943-9
    ISSN 1525-2191 ; 0002-9440
    ISSN (online) 1525-2191
    ISSN 0002-9440
    DOI 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.05.009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Reproducible Single-Cell Genomic Research in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine.

    Eickelberg, Oliver / Misharin, Alexander V / Sime, Patricia J

    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

    2020  Volume 202, Issue 11, Page(s) 1495–1497

    MeSH term(s) Critical Care ; Genomics ; Humans ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ; Lung ; Medicine ; Research
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1180953-x
    ISSN 1535-4970 ; 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    ISSN (online) 1535-4970
    ISSN 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    DOI 10.1164/rccm.202008-3073ED
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The Future of Endowed Chairs in Academic Medicine.

    Buckley, Peter F / Sime, Patricia J / Collins, Love / Eggleston, Niles / Davenport, Jay E

    Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges

    2022  Volume 97, Issue 11, Page(s) 1583–1586

    Abstract: As the landscape of philanthropy changes following the COVID-19 pandemic, this commentary considers the future of endowed chairs in academic medicine in the light of articles by Thorndyke and colleagues and by Chin-Hong and colleagues in this issue. The ... ...

    Abstract As the landscape of philanthropy changes following the COVID-19 pandemic, this commentary considers the future of endowed chairs in academic medicine in the light of articles by Thorndyke and colleagues and by Chin-Hong and colleagues in this issue. The authors evaluate the traditional allocation of endowed chairs, which can attract and retain talented faculty and can support focused research far into the future, while other gifts may support more timely concerns, but over a shorter term. The authors weigh the benefits and challenges of allocation of endowed chairs, such as the need to improve representation, diversity, equity, and inclusion, and opportunities to support early-career investigators or research teams. New endowed positions can be challenging to establish, as there may be competition with learner scholarship programs and programmatic support. Leadership turnover of university presidents and deans can slow philanthropic growth and make recruitment and fundraising for new positions even more challenging. The authors discuss the balance of institutional priorities and ways to use endowed chairs for scholarship in evolving areas of medicine and science. They further suggest working with donors to develop more adaptable gift agreements, which will allow institutions to transform endowed positions to meet changing needs while preserving the intentions of the donor. To maintain endowed chairs as a worthwhile and relevant outlet for philanthropy, one which donors will enthusiastically support, it is essential to align them with the changing needs of the institution and the broader environment of academic medicine.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Faculty, Medical ; Academic Medical Centers ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Leadership ; Emergency Medicine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 96192-9
    ISSN 1938-808X ; 1040-2446
    ISSN (online) 1938-808X
    ISSN 1040-2446
    DOI 10.1097/ACM.0000000000004960
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: miR-338-3p blocks TGFβ-induced myofibroblast differentiation through the induction of PTEN.

    Rackow, Ashley R / Judge, Jennifer L / Woeller, Collynn F / Sime, Patricia J / Kottmann, Robert M

    American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology

    2022  Volume 322, Issue 3, Page(s) L385–L400

    Abstract: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease. The pathogenesis of IPF is not completely understood. However, numerous genes are associated with the development and progression of pulmonary fibrosis, indicating there is a ... ...

    Abstract Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease. The pathogenesis of IPF is not completely understood. However, numerous genes are associated with the development and progression of pulmonary fibrosis, indicating there is a significant genetic component to the pathogenesis of IPF. Epigenetic influences on the development of human disease, including pulmonary fibrosis, remain to be fully elucidated. In this paper, we identify miR-338-3p as a microRNA severely downregulated in the lungs of patients with pulmonary fibrosis and in experimental models of pulmonary fibrosis. Treatment of primary human lung fibroblasts with miR-338-3p inhibits myofibroblast differentiation and matrix protein production. Published and proposed targets of miR-338-3p such as TGFβ receptor 1, MEK/ERK 1/2, Cdk4, and Cyclin D are also not responsible for the regulation of pulmonary fibroblast behavior by miR-338-3p. miR-338-3p inhibits myofibroblast differentiation by preventing TGFβ-mediated downregulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a known antifibrotic mediator.
    MeSH term(s) Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Humans ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathology ; Lung/metabolism ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; Myofibroblasts/metabolism ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
    Chemical Substances MIRN338 microRNA, human ; MicroRNAs ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase (EC 3.1.3.67) ; PTEN protein, human (EC 3.1.3.67)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1013184-x
    ISSN 1522-1504 ; 1040-0605
    ISSN (online) 1522-1504
    ISSN 1040-0605
    DOI 10.1152/ajplung.00251.2021
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  8. Article ; Online: Decline in forced vital capacity as a surrogate for mortality in patients with pulmonary fibrosis.

    Maher, Toby M / Stowasser, Susanne / Voss, Florian / Bendstrup, Elisabeth / Kreuter, Michael / Martinez, Fernando J / Sime, Patricia J / Stock, Christian

    Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 12, Page(s) 1147–1153

    Abstract: Background and objective: Surrogate endpoints enable determination of meaningful treatment effects more efficiently than applying the endpoint of ultimate interest. We used data from trials of nintedanib in subjects with pulmonary fibrosis to assess ... ...

    Abstract Background and objective: Surrogate endpoints enable determination of meaningful treatment effects more efficiently than applying the endpoint of ultimate interest. We used data from trials of nintedanib in subjects with pulmonary fibrosis to assess decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) as a surrogate for mortality.
    Methods: Data from the nintedanib and placebo groups of trials in subjects with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, other forms of progressive pulmonary fibrosis, and pulmonary fibrosis due to systemic sclerosis (NCT00514683, NCT01335464, NCT01335477, NCT01979952, NCT02999178, NCT02597933) were pooled. Using joint models for longitudinal and time-to-event data, we assessed the association between decline in FVC % predicted and time to death over 52 weeks. The rate of change in FVC % predicted and the current value of FVC % predicted were modelled longitudinally and estimates applied as predictors in time-to-event models.
    Results: Among 2583 subjects with pulmonary fibrosis, both a greater rate of decline in FVC % predicted and a lower current value of FVC % predicted were associated with an increased risk of death over 52 weeks (HR 1.79 [95% CI: 1.57, 2.03] and HR 1.24 [1.17, 1.32] per 5-percentage point decrease, respectively). Associations between the rate of change in FVC % predicted and the risk of death were consistent between patients with IPF and other ILDs.
    Conclusion: Data from clinical trials in subjects with pulmonary fibrosis of diverse aetiology demonstrate a strong association between decline in FVC % predicted and mortality over 52 weeks, supporting FVC decline as a surrogate for mortality in these patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Treatment Outcome ; Vital Capacity ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/drug therapy ; Biomarkers ; Disease Progression
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-30
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1435849-9
    ISSN 1440-1843 ; 1323-7799
    ISSN (online) 1440-1843
    ISSN 1323-7799
    DOI 10.1111/resp.14579
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  9. Article ; Online: The Novel Small Molecule BTB Inhibits Pro-Fibrotic Fibroblast Behavior though Inhibition of RhoA Activity.

    Rackow, Ashley R / Nagel, David J / Zapas, Gregory / Clough, Ryan S / Sime, Patricia J / Kottmann, R Matthew

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2022  Volume 23, Issue 19

    Abstract: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, chronic, interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis. Although specific anti-fibrotic medications are now available, the median survival time following diagnosis remains very low, and new ... ...

    Abstract Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, chronic, interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis. Although specific anti-fibrotic medications are now available, the median survival time following diagnosis remains very low, and new therapies are urgently needed. To uncover novel therapeutic targets, we examined how biochemical properties of the fibrotic lung are different from the healthy lung. Previous work identified lactate as a metabolite that is upregulated in IPF lung tissue. Importantly, inhibition of the enzyme responsible for lactate production prevents fibrosis in vivo. Further studies revealed that fibrotic lesions of the lung experience a significant decline in tissue pH, likely due to the overproduction of lactate. It is not entirely clear how cells in the lung respond to changes in extracellular pH, but a family of proton sensing G-protein coupled receptors has been shown to be activated by reductions in extracellular pH. This work examines the expression profiles of proton sensing GPCRs in non-fibrotic and IPF-derived primary human lung fibroblasts. We identify TDAG8 as a proton sensing GPCR that is upregulated in IPF fibroblasts and that knockdown of TDAG8 dampens myofibroblast differentiation. To our surprise, BTB, a proposed positive allosteric modulator of TDAG8, inhibits myofibroblast differentiation. Our data suggest that BTB does not require TDAG8 to inhibit myofibroblast differentiation, but rather inhibits myofibroblast differentiation through suppression of RhoA mediated signaling. Our work highlights the therapeutic potential of BTB as an anti-fibrotic treatment and expands upon the importance of RhoA-mediated signaling pathways in the context of myofibroblast differentiation. Furthermore, this works also suggests that TDAG8 inhibition may have therapeutic relevance in the treatment of IPF.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Differentiation/physiology ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/metabolism ; Lactates/metabolism ; Lung/pathology ; Myofibroblasts/metabolism ; Protons ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Lactates ; Protons ; RHOA protein, human (124671-05-2) ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein (EC 3.6.5.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms231911946
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  10. Article ; Online: Cell-Type-Specific Effects of the Ovarian Cancer G-Protein Coupled Receptor (OGR1) on Inflammation and Fibrosis; Potential Implications for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

    Nagel, David J / Rackow, Ashley R / Ku, Wei-Yao / Bell, Tyler J / Sime, Patricia J / Kottmann, Robert Matthew

    Cells

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 16

    Abstract: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease characterized by irreversible lung scarring. The pathophysiology is not fully understood, but the working hypothesis postulates that a combination of epithelial injury and myofibroblast differentiation ... ...

    Abstract Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease characterized by irreversible lung scarring. The pathophysiology is not fully understood, but the working hypothesis postulates that a combination of epithelial injury and myofibroblast differentiation drives progressive pulmonary fibrosis. We previously demonstrated that a reduction in extracellular pH activates latent TGF-β1, and that TGF-β1 then drives its own activation, creating a feed-forward mechanism that propagates myofibroblast differentiation. Given the important roles of extracellular pH in the progression of pulmonary fibrosis, we sought to identify whether pH mediates other cellular phenotypes independent of TGF-β1. Proton-sensing G-protein coupled receptors are activated by acidic environments, but their role in fibrosis has not been studied. Here, we report that the Ovarian Cancer G-Protein Coupled Receptor1 (OGR1 or GPR68) has dual roles in both promoting and mitigating pulmonary fibrosis. We demonstrate that OGR1 protein expression is significantly reduced in lung tissue from patients with IPF and that TGF-β1 decreases OGR1 expression. In fibroblasts, OGR1 inhibits myofibroblast differentiation and does not contribute to inflammation. However, in epithelial cells, OGR1 promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inflammation. We then demonstrate that sub-cellular localization and alternative signaling pathways may be responsible for the differential effect of OGR1 in each cell type. Our results suggest that strategies to selectively target OGR1 expression may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis.
    MeSH term(s) Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/metabolism ; Inflammation ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances GPR68 protein, human ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2661518-6
    ISSN 2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
    ISSN (online) 2073-4409
    ISSN 2073-4409
    DOI 10.3390/cells11162540
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