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  1. Article ; Online: A Campaign of Intersections

    Simon Lam

    The Journal for Undergraduate Ethnography, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 25-

    Evaluating Perceptions of the Our City of Colours LGBTQ Posters in Metro Vancouver

    2014  Volume 39

    Abstract: Our City of Colours (OCC) is a Vancouver-based group looking to raise the visibility of, and address the issues facing lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people in various linguistic and cultural communities. In November 2011, the ... ...

    Abstract Our City of Colours (OCC) is a Vancouver-based group looking to raise the visibility of, and address the issues facing lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people in various linguistic and cultural communities. In November 2011, the group released a series of 6 posters online featuring LGBTQ people who identified with a particular cultural background. This paper seeks to analyze the perceptions of these posters from the OCC team and people outside the team. Ultimately, this is an early evaluation of whether OCC can meet its mandate in conveying their message to linguistic and cultural communities. Through the use of participant observation, interviews, focus groups, archival data analysis, and content analysis, the OCC posters were found to have a relatively positive impact in increasing visibility of LGBTQ people and issues. However, participants noted that using more cultural references and having more romantic images to solidify the LGBTQ message could further strengthen the impact of the posters. There is also the need for the posters to be directed towards the older generation as many of the participants identify the older generation as a key demographic for receiving positive LGBTQ messages.
    Keywords Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology ; GN301-674
    Subject code 390
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Dalhousie University Libraries
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Machine Learning Analysis Reveals Biomarkers for the Detection of Neurological Diseases

    Simon Lam / Muhammad Arif / Xiya Song / Mathias Uhlén / Adil Mardinoglu

    Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Vol

    2022  Volume 15

    Abstract: It is critical to identify biomarkers for neurological diseases (NLDs) to accelerate drug discovery for effective treatment of patients of diseases that currently lack such treatments. In this work, we retrieved genotyping and clinical data from 1,223 UK ...

    Abstract It is critical to identify biomarkers for neurological diseases (NLDs) to accelerate drug discovery for effective treatment of patients of diseases that currently lack such treatments. In this work, we retrieved genotyping and clinical data from 1,223 UK Biobank participants to identify genetic and clinical biomarkers for NLDs, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), motor neuron disease (MND), and myasthenia gravis (MG). Using a machine learning modeling approach with Monte Carlo randomization, we identified a panel of informative diagnostic biomarkers for predicting AD, PD, MND, and MG, including classical liver disease markers such as alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin. A multinomial model trained on accessible clinical markers could correctly predict an NLD diagnosis with an accuracy of 88.3%. We also explored genetic biomarkers. In a genome-wide association study of AD, PD, MND, and MG patients, we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) implicated in several craniofacial disorders such as apnoea and branchiootic syndrome. We found evidence for shared genetic risk loci among NLDs, including SNPs in cancer-related genes and SNPs known to be associated with non-brain cancers such as Wilms tumor, leukemia, and colon cancer. This indicates overlapping genetic characterizations among NLDs which challenges current clinical definitions of the neurological disorders. Taken together, this work demonstrates the value of data-driven approaches to identify novel biomarkers in the absence of any known or promising biomarkers.
    Keywords systems biology ; machine learning ; neurodegeneration ; GWAS—genome-wide association study ; UK Biobank ; Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; RC321-571
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Assessing the safety of lipid-modifying medications among Chinese adolescents

    Shan Luo / Hugh Simon Lam / Yap Hang Chan / Clara Sze Man Tang / Baoting He / Man Ki Kwok / Gabriel M. Leung / C Mary Schooling / Shiu Lun Au Yeung

    BMC Medicine, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    a drug-target Mendelian randomization study

    2023  Volume 11

    Abstract: Abstract Background With increasing hypercholesterolemia prevalence in East Asian adolescents, pharmacologic interventions (e.g., HMGCR inhibitors (statins) and PCSK9 inhibitors) may have to be considered although their longer-term safety in the general ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background With increasing hypercholesterolemia prevalence in East Asian adolescents, pharmacologic interventions (e.g., HMGCR inhibitors (statins) and PCSK9 inhibitors) may have to be considered although their longer-term safety in the general adolescent population is unclear. This study aims to investigate the longer-term safety of HMGCR inhibitors and PCSK9 inhibitors among East Asian adolescents using genetics. Methods A drug-target Mendelian randomization study leveraging the Global Lipid Genetics Consortium (East Asian, n = 146,492) and individual-level data from Chinese participants in the Biobank clinical follow-up of Hong Kong’s “Children of 1997” birth cohort (n = 3443, aged ~ 17.6 years). Safety outcomes (n = 100) included anthropometric and hematological traits, renal, liver, lung function, and other nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics. Positive control outcomes were cholesterol markers from the “Children of 1997” birth cohort and coronary artery disease from Biobank Japan. Results Genetic inhibition of HMGCR and PCSK9 were associated with reduction in cholesterol-related NMR metabolomics, e.g., apolipoprotein B (HMGCR: beta [95% CI], − 1.06 [− 1.52 to − 0.60]; PCSK9: − 0.93 [− 1.56 to − 0.31]) and had the expected effect on the positive control outcomes. After correcting for multiple comparisons (p-value < 0.006), genetic inhibition of HMGCR was associated with lower linoleic acid − 0.79 [− 1.25 to − 0.35]. Genetic inhibition of PCSK9 was not associated with the safety outcomes assessed. Conclusions Statins and PCSK9 inhibitors in East Asian adolescents appeared to be safe based on the outcomes concerned. Larger studies were warranted to verify these findings. This study serves as a proof of principle study to inform the medication safety among adolescents via genetics.
    Keywords HMGCR inhibitors ; PCSK9 inhibitors ; Safety ; Adolescents ; Drug-target Mendelian randomization ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Qualitative examination of collaboration in team-based primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic

    Lisa Dolovich / Toula Kourgiantakis / Keith Adamson / Rachelle Ashcroft / Judith Belle Brown / Catherine Donnelly / Simon Lam / Deepy Sur / David Verilli / Peter Sheffield / Anne Kirvan / Maya Dancey / Sandeep Gill / Kavita Mehta

    BMJ Open, Vol 13, Iss

    2023  Volume 2

    Abstract: Objective The objective of this study was to describe Ontario primary care teams’ experiences with collaboration during the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive qualitative methods using focus groups conducted virtually for data collection.Setting Primary care ...

    Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to describe Ontario primary care teams’ experiences with collaboration during the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive qualitative methods using focus groups conducted virtually for data collection.Setting Primary care teams located in Ontario, Canada.Participants Our study conducted 11 focus groups with 10 primary care teams, with a total of 48 participants reflecting a diverse range of interprofessional healthcare providers and administrators working in primary care.Results Three themes were identified using thematic analysis: (1) prepandemic team functioning facilitated adaptation, (2) new processes of team interactions and collaboration, and (3) team as a foundation of support.Conclusions Results revealed the importance of collaboration for provider well-being, and the challenges of providing collaborative team-based primary care in the pandemic context. Caution against converting primary care collaboration to predominantly virtual modalities postpandemic is recommended. Further research on team functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic in other healthcare organisations will offer additional insight regarding how primary care teams can work collaboratively in a postpandemic environment.
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Subject code 650
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Systems Analysis Reveals Ageing-Related Perturbations in Retinoids and Sex Hormones in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases

    Simon Lam / Nils Hartmann / Rui Benfeitas / Cheng Zhang / Muhammad Arif / Hasan Turkez / Mathias Uhlén / Christoph Englert / Robert Knight / Adil Mardinoglu

    Biomedicines, Vol 9, Iss 1310, p

    2021  Volume 1310

    Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s diseases (PD), are complex heterogeneous diseases with highly variable patient responses to treatment. Due to the growing evidence for ageing-related clinical and pathological ... ...

    Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s diseases (PD), are complex heterogeneous diseases with highly variable patient responses to treatment. Due to the growing evidence for ageing-related clinical and pathological commonalities between AD and PD, these diseases have recently been studied in tandem. In this study, we analysed transcriptomic data from AD and PD patients, and stratified these patients into three subclasses with distinct gene expression and metabolic profiles. Through integrating transcriptomic data with a genome-scale metabolic model and validating our findings by network exploration and co-analysis using a zebrafish ageing model, we identified retinoids as a key ageing-related feature in all subclasses of AD and PD. We also demonstrated that the dysregulation of androgen metabolism by three different independent mechanisms is a source of heterogeneity in AD and PD. Taken together, our work highlights the need for stratification of AD/PD patients and development of personalised and precision medicine approaches based on the detailed characterisation of these subclasses.
    Keywords neurodegeneration ; Alzheimer’s ; Parkinson’s ; ageing ; systems biology ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Current Status of COVID-19 Therapies and Drug Repositioning Applications

    Ozlem Altay / Elyas Mohammadi / Simon Lam / Hasan Turkez / Jan Boren / Jens Nielsen / Mathias Uhlen / Adil Mardinoglu

    iScience, Vol 23, Iss 7, Pp 101303- (2020)

    2020  

    Abstract: The rapid and global spread of a new human coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has produced an immediate urgency to discover promising targets for the treatment of COVID-19. Drug repositioning is an attractive approach that can facilitate the drug discovery process ...

    Abstract The rapid and global spread of a new human coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has produced an immediate urgency to discover promising targets for the treatment of COVID-19. Drug repositioning is an attractive approach that can facilitate the drug discovery process by repurposing existing pharmaceuticals to treat illnesses other than their primary indications. Here, we review current information concerning the global health issue of COVID-19 including promising approved drugs and ongoing clinical trials for prospective treatment options. In addition, we describe computational approaches to be used in drug repurposing and highlight examples of in silico studies of drug development efforts against SARS-CoV-2.
    Keywords Health Sciences ; Medicine ; Science ; Q ; covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Frequency, Predictors, and Clinical Impact of Valvular and Perivalvular Thrombus After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

    Choi, Yeonwoo / Ahn, Jung-Min / Kang, Do-Yoon / Kim, Hwa Jung / Kim, Hoyun / Lee, Jinho / Kim, Mijin / Park, Jinsun / Kim, Kyung Won / Koo, Hyun Jung / Yang, Dong Hyun / Jung, Seung Chai / Kim, Byungjun / Anthony Wong, Yiu Tung / Simon Lam, Cheung Chi / Yin, Wei-Hsian / Wei, Jeng / Lee, Yung-Tsai / Kao, Hsien-Li /
    Lin, Mao-Shin / Ko, Tsung-Yu / Kim, Won-Jang / Kang, Se Hun / Lee, Seung-Ah / Kim, Dae-Hee / Lee, Jae-Hong / Park, Seung-Jung / Park, Duk-Woo

    JACC. Cardiovascular interventions

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 24, Page(s) 2967–2981

    Abstract: Background: Subclinical aortic valve complex (valvular and perivalvular) thrombus is not rare after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The risk factors and clinical implications of these findings remain uncertain.: Objectives: This study ... ...

    Abstract Background: Subclinical aortic valve complex (valvular and perivalvular) thrombus is not rare after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The risk factors and clinical implications of these findings remain uncertain.
    Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the frequency, predictors, and clinical outcome of aortic valve complex thrombus after TAVR.
    Methods: In the ADAPT-TAVR (Anticoagulation Versus Dual Antiplatelet Therapy for Prevention of Leaflet Thrombosis and Cerebral Embolization After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement) trial comparing edoxaban vs dual antiplatelet therapy in TAVR patients without an indication for chronic anticoagulation, the frequency of valvular (subclinical leaflet thrombus) and perivalvular (supravalvular, subvalvular, and sinus of Valsalva) thrombus was evaluated by 4-dimensional computed tomography at 6 months. The association of these phenomena with new cerebral thromboembolism on brain magnetic resonance imaging, neurologic and neurocognitive dysfunction, and clinical outcomes was assessed.
    Results: Among 211 patients with 6-month computed tomography evaluations, 91 patients (43.1%) had thrombus at any aortic valve complex, 30 (14.2%) patients had leaflet thrombus, and 78 (37.0%) patients had perivalvular thrombus. A small maximum diameter of the stent at the valve level and low body surface area were independent predictors of aortic valve complex and perivalvular thrombus, and decreased renal function was an independent predictor of leaflet thrombus. No significant differences were observed in new cerebral lesions, neurologic or neurocognitive functions, or clinical outcomes among patients with or without valvular or perivalvular thrombus.
    Conclusions: Subclinical aortic valve complex (valvular and perivalvular) thrombus was common in patients who had undergone successful TAVR. However, these imaging phenomena were not associated with new cerebral thromboembolism, neurologic or neurocognitive dysfunction, or adverse clinical outcomes. (Anticoagulation Versus Dual Antiplatelet Therapy for Prevention of Leaflet Thrombosis and Cerebral Embolization After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement [ADAPT-TAVR]; NCT03284827).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use ; Aortic Valve/diagnostic imaging ; Aortic Valve/surgery ; Aortic Valve/pathology ; Aortic Valve Stenosis/diagnostic imaging ; Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery ; Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography/adverse effects ; Heart Valve Prosthesis/adverse effects ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; Risk Factors ; Thromboembolism/etiology ; Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging ; Thrombosis/etiology ; Thrombosis/prevention & control ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/adverse effects ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/methods ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Anticoagulants ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Evaluation Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2452157-7
    ISSN 1876-7605 ; 1936-8798
    ISSN (online) 1876-7605
    ISSN 1936-8798
    DOI 10.1016/j.jcin.2023.10.024
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: The miR‐223/nuclear factor I‐A axis regulates inflammation and cellular functions in intestinal tissues with necrotizing enterocolitis

    Yu Zheng Wu / Kathy Yuen Yee Chan / Kam Tong Leung / Hugh Simon Lam / Yuk Him Tam / Kim Hung Lee / Karen Li / Pak Cheung Ng

    FEBS Open Bio, Vol 11, Iss 7, Pp 1907-

    2021  Volume 1920

    Abstract: We previously demonstrated that microRNA(miR)‐223 is overexpressed in intestinal tissue of infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The objective of the current study was to identify the target gene of miR‐223 and to investigate the role of the miR‐ ... ...

    Abstract We previously demonstrated that microRNA(miR)‐223 is overexpressed in intestinal tissue of infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The objective of the current study was to identify the target gene of miR‐223 and to investigate the role of the miR‐223/nuclear factor I‐A (NFIA) axis in cellular functions that underpin the pathophysiology of NEC. The target gene of miR‐223 was identified by in silico target prediction bioinformatics, luciferase assay, and western blotting. We investigated downstream signals of miR‐223 and cellular functions by overexpressing the miRNA in Caco‐2 and FHs74 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). NFIA was identified as a target gene of miR‐223. Overexpression of miR‐223 significantly induced MYOM1 and inhibited NFIA and RGN in Caco‐2 cells, while costimulation with LTA decreased expression of GNA11, MYLK, and PRKCZ. Expression levels of GNA11, MYLK, IL‐6, and IL‐8 were increased, and levels of NFIA and RGN were decreased in FHs74 cells. These potential downstream genes were significantly correlated with levels of miR‐223 or NFIA in primary NEC tissues. Overexpression of miR‐223 significantly increased apoptosis of Caco‐2 and FHs74 cells, while proliferation of FHs74 was inhibited. These results suggest that upon binding with NFIA, miR‐223 regulates functional effectors in pathways of apoptosis, cell proliferation, G protein signaling, inflammation, and smooth muscle contraction. The miR‐223/NFIA axis may play an important role in the pathophysiology of NEC by enhancing inflammation and tissue damage.
    Keywords apoptosis ; cell proliferation ; miR‐223 ; necrotizing enterocolitis ; NFIA ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 500 ; 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wiley
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Revealing the Molecular Mechanisms of Alzheimer’s Disease Based on Network Analysis

    Abdulahad Bayraktar / Simon Lam / Ozlem Altay / Xiangyu Li / Meng Yuan / Cheng Zhang / Muhammad Arif / Hasan Turkez / Mathias Uhlén / Saeed Shoaie / Adil Mardinoglu

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11556, p

    2021  Volume 11556

    Abstract: The complex pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) emphasises the need for comprehensive modelling of the disease, which may lead to the development of efficient treatment strategies. To address this challenge, we analysed transcriptome data of post- ... ...

    Abstract The complex pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) emphasises the need for comprehensive modelling of the disease, which may lead to the development of efficient treatment strategies. To address this challenge, we analysed transcriptome data of post-mortem human brain samples of healthy elders and individuals with late-onset AD from the Religious Orders Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project (ROSMAP) and Mayo Clinic (MayoRNAseq) studies in the AMP-AD consortium. In this context, we conducted several bioinformatics and systems medicine analyses including the construction of AD-specific co-expression networks and genome-scale metabolic modelling of the brain in AD patients to identify key genes, metabolites and pathways involved in the progression of AD. We identified AMIGO1 and GRPRASP2 as examples of commonly altered marker genes in AD patients. Moreover, we found alterations in energy metabolism, represented by reduced oxidative phosphorylation and ATPase activity, as well as the depletion of hexanoyl-CoA, pentanoyl-CoA, (2E)-hexenoyl-CoA and numerous other unsaturated fatty acids in the brain. We also observed that neuroprotective metabolites (e.g., vitamins, retinoids and unsaturated fatty acids) tend to be depleted in the AD brain, while neurotoxic metabolites (e.g., β-alanine, bilirubin) were more abundant. In summary, we systematically revealed the key genes and pathways related to the progression of AD, gained insight into the crucial mechanisms of AD and identified some possible targets that could be used in the treatment of AD.
    Keywords Alzheimer’s disease ; gene co-expression network ; genome-scale metabolic model ; reporter metabolite analysis ; energy metabolism ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Primary care teams’ experiences of delivering mental health care during the COVID-19 pandemic

    Rachelle Ashcroft / Catherine Donnelly / Maya Dancey / Sandeep Gill / Simon Lam / Toula Kourgiantakis / Keith Adamson / David Verrilli / Lisa Dolovich / Anne Kirvan / Kavita Mehta / Deepy Sur / Judith Belle Brown

    BMC Family Practice, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    a qualitative study

    2021  Volume 12

    Abstract: Abstract Background Integrated primary care teams are ideally positioned to support the mental health care needs arising during the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding how COVID-19 has affected mental health care delivery within primary care settings will ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Integrated primary care teams are ideally positioned to support the mental health care needs arising during the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding how COVID-19 has affected mental health care delivery within primary care settings will be critical to inform future policy and practice decisions during the later phases of the pandemic and beyond. The objective of our study was to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary care teams’ delivery of mental health care. Methods A qualitative study using focus groups conducted with primary care teams in Ontario, Canada. Focus group data was analysed using thematic analysis. Results We conducted 11 focus groups with 10 primary care teams and a total of 48 participants. With respect to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health care in primary care teams, we identified three key themes: i) the high demand for mental health care, ii) the rapid transformation to virtual care, and iii) the impact on providers. Conclusions From the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, primary care quickly responded to the rising mental health care demands of their patients. Despite the numerous challenges they faced with the rapid transition to virtual care, primary care teams have persevered. It is essential that policy and decision-makers take note of the toll that these demands have placed on providers. There is an immediate need to enhance primary care’s capacity for mental health care for the duration of the pandemic and beyond.
    Keywords Primary care ; Mental health care ; COVID-19 ; Pandemic ; Qualitative ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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